Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods are provided for treating diabetes and/or restoring ?-cell mass and function in a mammal in need thereof. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by immune damage to pancreatic beta-cells. Lisofylline (LSF) is an immunomodulator that reduces cytokine signaling and reduces the onset of T1DM in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. A combination therapy with both LSF (pretreatment) and INGAP provides protection from autoimmune destruction. The concomitant or combination of LSF and INGAP after pre-treatment with LSF is an effective therapy for a disease or condition resulting from the loss of pancreatic islet cells or insulin production in a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the treatment of skin redness by topically applying a composition containing caffeine to the affected skin. The invention method finds particular use on persons having at least one of the following symptoms: rosacea, folliculitis or skin irritated by chemical or physical peelings.

Abstract: Methods for concomitant administration of colchicine together with one or more second active agents, e.g., ketoconazole and ritonavir, are disclosed. Such methods reduce the dangers commonly associated with such concomitant administration and provide additional benefits. Methods of notifying health care practitioners and patients regarding appropriate dosing for concomitant administration of colchicine together with second active agents are also provided.

Abstract: The current standard of care for the treatment of allergic airway diseases include short and long acting beta-agonists, and inhaled or systemic corticosteroids, cromolyn and xanthines that all have the potential of detrimental side-effects. The present invention describes a new mechanistic protein-based therapeutic approach for the treatment of allergic airway disease and diseases associated with excessive Th2 pathology. The present invention relates to the surprising discovery that serum amyloid P (SAP) demonstrates a therapeutic affect in the treatment of hypersensitive disorders.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses compositions and compounds as well as methods of their use for the regulation of a VEGF-induced tissue response. A VEGF-induced tissue response may include angiogenesis, inflammation, increased vascular permeability, increased vascular leak, hemorrhage, or mucus metaplasia. As such, the present invention encompasses methods of treating diseases where a VEGF-induced tissue response is part of the disease's clinical presentation. Specifically, the present invention provides compounds and compositions as well as methods for treating acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), tuberculosis, pulmonary hypertension, pleural effusion, and lung cancer.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for treating or preventing hepatitis C virus infections in mammals using Toll-Like Receptor (TLR)7 ligands and prodrugs thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to methods of orally administering a therapeutically effective amount of one or more prodrugs of TLR7 ligands for the treatment or prevention of hepatitis C viral infection. Oral administration of these TLR7 immunomodulating ligands and prodrugs thereof to a mammal provides therapeutically effective amounts and reduced undesirable side effects.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel cosmetic uses of phytosphingosine or of one of its cosmetically acceptable salts, particularly its hydrochloride, as a slimming agent and/or as an active agent which stimulates the synthesis of leptin by adipocytes, for preparing a cosmetic composition intended for reducing subcutaneous excess fat. The invention also relates to a method of cosmetic treatment intended for obtaining a slimming effect on the human body according to which a cosmetic composition containing phytosphingosine or one of its cosmetically acceptable salts, particularly its hydrochloride, is applied on the parts of the body to be treated. The invention also relates to novel cosmetic compositions containing phytosphingosine or one of its cosmetically acceptable salts, particularly its hydrochloride, in combination with a lipolytic agent selected from the group consisting of CAMP and its derivatives, adenylate cyclase enzyme activating agents and phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibiting agents.

Abstract: Compositions comprising one or more unsaturated fatty acids and one or more nitric oxide releasing compounds, and methods for using such compositions for enhancing cognitive function, reducing or preventing a decline of social interaction, reducing or preventing age-related behavioral changes, increasing trainability, maintaining optimal brain function, facilitating learning and memory, reducing memory loss, retarding brain aging, preventing or treating strokes, and preventing or treating dementia in an animal. Preferably, the compositions are food compositions useful for enhancing cognitive function in humans and companion animals.

Abstract: Use of at least 25 mg of a polyphenol for the preparation of a product to be consumed before or during exercise for reducing oxidative stress damage during or after exercise.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising in combination as component (a) at least one 3-(3-dimethylamino-1-ethyl-2-methyl-propyl)-phenol compound, and as component (b) at least one antiepileptic, a pharmaceutical formulation and a dosage form comprising said composition of matter, and a method of treating pain, e.g. neuropathic pain, in which components (a) and (b) are administered simultaneously or sequentially to a mammal, whereby component (a) may be administered before or after component (b) and whereby components (a) or (b) are administered to the mammal either via the same or a different pathway of administration.

Abstract: A composition for alleviating symptoms associated with neurotoxicity. The composition may comprise compounds for preventing glutamate mediated neurotoxicity. The composition may include one or more of the following elements: at least one glutamate antagonist, at least one cAMP stimulating agent, at least one antioxidant, vitamin B12, at least one transporter and at least one surfactant. The composition may be used in methods for alleviating tinnitus, Ménière's Disease and/or hearing loss.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition having lipolytic activity that comprises at least polyphenols, especially in the form of flavonoids, in particular flavanones and anthocyanins, and phenolic acids, and caffeine. The invention also relates to a process for obtaining such a composition and the use of the composition for its administration with a view to promoting the burning of fats or promoting the loss of body mass.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition and a beverage composition comprising the following three components (A), (B) and (C): (A) L-arginine or a salt thereof; (B) caffeine or a salt thereof; and (C) at least one substance selected from the group consisting of vitamin C or a derivative thereof, vitamin E or a derivative thereof and folic acid or a derivative thereof. The compositions show an effect of L-arginine even at a low L-arginine content, and therefore can be suitably used for the prevention, amelioration and/or treatment of at least one disease selected from the group consisting of arteriosclerosis, angiectasia, hyperlipemia, climacteric disorder, diabetes, angina pectoris, hypertension, erectile dysfunction, thrombosis, immunodeficiency, dementia, gestosis, respiratory failure and hemorrhoid, in the form of a pharmaceutical preparation or a beverage.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions for the treatment of a sexual dysfunction such as premature ejaculation. In certain embodiments, a NMDA antagonist (e.g., dextromethorphan) is administered to a subject in combination with tramadol or a tramadol derivative to treat premature ejaculation. In certain embodiments, a capsaicinoid (e.g., capsaicin) and/or a phosphodiesterase type V inhibitor (e.g., sildenafil citrate) are further administered to the subject. Pharmaceutical preparations such as tablets and capsules are provided.

Abstract: [Purpose] The present invention provides compounds useful as agents for the prevention or treatment of a sex hormone-dependent disease or the like. [Solution] The present invention provides nitrogen-containing fused ring derivatives represented by the following general formula (I) which has a GnRH antagonistic activity, prodrugs, salts, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, medicinal uses thereof and the like. In the formula (I), rings A and B are independently aryl or heteroaryl; RA and RB are independently halogen, cyano, alkyl, alkylsulfonyl, —OW1, —SW1, —COW2, —NW3W4, —SO2NW3W4, aryl, etc.; RC is H or alkyl; E is oxygen atom, etc.; U is single bond or alkylene; and X is Y, —CO—Y, —SO2—Y, —S-(alkylene)-Y, —O-(alkylene)-Y, —SO2-(alkylene)-Y, etc.; Y is Z or amino, etc.; and Z is cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, etc.

Abstract: Methods of treating autoimmune disorders, coronary artery disease, allergy symptoms, allograft rejection sepsis/toxic shock are disclosed. Some methods comprise administering one or more regulatory compositions to activate the T suppressor cells by increasing the acetylation level and/or protein level of FOXP3 in combination with a T suppressor stimulus and/or an antigen. Some methods comprise administering one or more regulatory compositions to activate the T suppressor cells by increasing the acetylation level and/or protein level of FOXP3. Some methods comprise administering soluble GITR or antibodies that bind to GITR ligand. Methods of treating cancer, infectious diseases, and immune deficiency are also disclosed as are vaccination methods. The methods comprise administering one or more regulatory compositions to inactivate the T suppressor cells by reducing the acetylation level and/or protein level of FOXP3. Improved vaccines and vaccination methods are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel topical pharmaceutical composition. In particular, this invention is an overnight topical composition for treating cold sores.

Abstract: Sheet-like dosage forms that quickly dissolve or disintegrate in an aqueous environment, for the application of active agent combinations for the treatment of hypertension. The dosage forms contain at least two active agents that are suitable for the treatment of hypertension. The antihypertensive agents are selected from the group that encompasses beta receptor blockers, alpha receptor blockers, calcium antagonists, ACE inhibitors, AT1 antagonists, centrally acting antihypertensive agents, direct vasodilators, and diuretics. The use of active agent combinations according to the invention for the production of an oral dosage form for the treatment of high blood pressure, a method for the therapeutic treatment of hypertension, and a method for the production of a sheet-like dosage form are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dieting composition for oral administration, comprising a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid and caffeine as active ingredient and an acceptable support for oral administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new medical use of fenretinide or bioactive derivatives thereof, particularly to the use of fenretinide or bioactive derivatives thereof in the preparation of a medicament for eliminating or killing tumor stem cells in a subject or for treating and/or preventing a tumor disease originating from tumor stem cells in a subject.

Abstract: The invention provides three polymorphic forms of crystalline levosalbutamol sulphate designated herein as Forms I, II and III. Crystalline levosalbutamol sulphate Form I is characterised by a powder XRD pattern with peaks at 10.8, 11.9, 13.0, 18.3, 28.5±0.2 degrees 2 theta. Crystalline levosalbutamol sulphate Form II is characterised by a powder XRD pattern with peaks at 8.7, 9.6, 15.2, 15.7, 19.1, 27.2, 30.7±0.2 degrees 2 theta. Crystalline levosalbutamol sulphate Form III is characterised by a powder XRD pattern with peaks at 5.5, 6.9, 7.3, 18.7±0.2 degrees 2 theta. Processes for making the new polymorphic forms and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of using lactoferrin (LF) to treat, prevent or reduce the incidence of organ transplant rejection and graft-versus-host-disease. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods of reducing an immune response against miss-matched transplanted organs such as kidney, heart, lung, liver, pancreas and stem cells by administering a composition of lactoferrin to the recipient patients. In addition, this invention relates to the treatment of bone marrow transplant (BMT) donors with lactoferrin to attenuate the development of graft-versus-host-disease in the recipients. Moreover, this invention relates to the treatment of xenograft organ donors with lactoferrin to attenuate the development of graft rejection in the recipients.

Abstract: Compositions for treating or controlling: (i) an eye condition, disorder, or disease, or (ii) a degeneration of a component of an optic nerve system in a subject, comprise a PKC-? inhibitor. The compositions can further include an anti-inflammatory or anti-glaucoma medicament. Such a condition or degeneration has an inflammatory component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel class of sulfonamides which are aspartyl protease inhibitors. In one embodiment, this invention relates to a novel class of HIV aspartyl protease inhibitors characterized by specific structural and physicochemical features. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting HIV-1 and HIV-2 protease activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as anti-viral agents against the HIV-1 and HIV-2 viruses. This invention also relates to methods for inhibiting the activity of HIV aspartyl protease using the compounds of this invention and methods for screening compounds for anti-HIV activity.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical liquid composition containing the Pirfenidone in a very high concentration of more or less 25% by weight can be obtained by dissolving the Pirfenidone in diethylene glycol monoethyl ether. Even when the liquid medicinal compositions are stored for a long period of time, the Pirfenidone will not be recrystallized with a good chemical and physical stability. Furthermore, the liquid compositions are little irritating to the wounds on the mucous membrane of the skin and suitable for the manufacture of pharmaceutical formulations to be administered either via the oral, percutaneous, nasal or vaginal routes or by means of spray, patch, inhalation, injection or intravenous drip.

Abstract: A method for healing a wound comprising the step of topically administering a wound healing composition to a wounded area, wherein the wound healing composition comprises a first medicament characterized as a direct vasodilator and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition and a beverage composition comprising the following three components (A), (B) and (C): (A) L-arginine or a salt thereof; (B) caffeine or a salt thereof; and (C) at least one substance selected from the group consisting of vitamin C or a derivative thereof, vitamin E or a derivative thereof and folic acid or a derivative thereof. The compositions show an effect of L-arginine even at a low L-arginine content, and therefore can be suitably used for the prevention, amelioration and/or treatment of at least one disease selected from the group consisting of arteriosclerosis, angiectasia, hyperlipemia, climacteric disorder, diabetes, angina pectoris, hypertension, erectile dysfunction, thrombosis, immunodeficiency, dementia, gestosis, respiratory failure and hemorrhoid, in the form of a pharmaceutical preparation or a beverage.

Abstract: A method is provided for the prevention and treatment of selective progressive degeneration within the central nervous system caused by hydroxyl-free or ferryl-free radicals formed by Fenton-type catalyzed reactions between diffusible hydrogen peroxide and localized bivalent iron. The invention embodies unique pharmacologic composition for antioxidant protection by oral supplementation with hypoxanthine conjointly with either sodium L-ascorbate or L-ascorbic acid. The hypoxanthine is provided for its sodium-dependent intestinal absorption and transport for the systemic production of higher antioxidant and iron-chelating uric acid levels. Ascorbate is provided as potent antioxidant to raise body ascorbic acid levels concurrently and to protect against possible deleterious effect from nucleobase or other molecular injury induced by oxidized uric acid as urate anion free radical caused in the antioxidant action of the uric acid.

Abstract: A xanthine phosphodiesterase V inhibitor having the formula (I), with the variables defined herein, which is especially useful for treating male (erectile) and female sexual dysfunction and other physiological disorders: For example, a representative compound of the invention is:

Abstract: Norphenephrine and its salts are disclosed which have powerful metabolic enhancing effects in humans via oral administration. The metabolic enhancing properties include positive blood sugar regulation, increased thermogenesis and fat loss, increased anticatabolism/anabolism, decreased appetite, improved mental focus and psychological outlook and increased energy production and anti-fatigue actions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of improving the energy status of an individual by enhancing the usage of lactate. Improved lactate usage is accomplished through a composition comprising lactate precursors, adrenergic receptor agonists and insulinotropic agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for inhibiting a hypersensitivity reaction in a subject, wherein said method comprises administering an effective amount of chaperonin (10).

Abstract: A method of increasing pregnancy rate in a female subject is provided, the female subject or an oocyte for introduction into the female subject being fertilized by a sperm from a male subject. The method includes the steps of administering to the male subject prior to fertilization: (i) an effective amount of an anti-oxidant agent; and (ii) an effective amount of an agent that reduces inflammation in the male reproductive tract and/or an effective amount of an agent that increases testicular testosterone concentration.

Abstract: Described are caffeine-based delivery vehicles. A first delivery vehicle is a malleable strip that dissolves in an oral cavity. Buccal absorption provides a prompt mental and physical stimulation for the user. The strips are formulated with beneficial ingredients comprising caffeine, taurine and/or nitric oxide. The strips are contained in a small crush-proof package for convenience. A second delivery vehicle is a gel. The gel provides a prompt and sustained effect. The sustained effect based on gastric absorption of ingested gel that does not absorb through contact with a user's oral cavity. A high viscosity of the gel enhances the buccal absorption. Like the strips, the gel is formulated with beneficial ingredients comprising caffeine, taurine and/or nitric oxide. The gel is contained in packages having an integrated, re-sealable straw.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a medicament, particularly a pharmaceutical composition useful for preventing or treating a variety of diseases caused by infection of a virus of the Herpesviridae family. [Means for Solving Problems] The present invention relates to an anti-herpesvirus agent characterized by combining a helicase-primase inhibitor with a polymerase inhibitor. By combining the polymerase inhibitor with the helicase-primase inhibitor having different functional mechanisms, the anti-herpesvirus agent of the present invention achieves an extremely superior anti-herpesvirus activity compared with conventional administration of a polymerase inhibitor alone. Therefore, it is particularly effective in a case in which a sufficient therapeutic effect cannot be achieved only with a polymerase inhibitor. Further, since the doses of both agents can be kept low, it is also possible to perform treatment by lowering the effect of an adverse reaction to be concerned.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel dispersible tablet composition, which comprises of a pharmacologically active ingredient and at least one excipient, which reduces the sedimentation rate of active ingredient. This invention further relates to a process for the preparation of a dispersible tablet of a pharmacologically active ingredient.

Abstract: A new presentation of an antiviral pharmaceutical composition in solution form comprising as an active agent, aciclovir in an amount of about 5% by weight; a solvent in an amount of from about 10 to 20% by weight; a solubilizing agent in an amount of from about 1.5 to 5.0% by weight; a humectant agent in an amount of from about 2 to 10% by weight; an anti-itching agent in an amount of from about 0.05 to 1.0% by weight; an antioxidant agent in an amount of from about 0.1 to 0.5% by weight and demineralized water in an amount of from about 20 to 80% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a particulate composition containing; a) 5 to 90% of at least one phosphatidyl choline component b) 5 to 90% of at least one diacyl glycerol component, at least one tocopherol, or mixtures thereof, and c) 1 to 40% of at least one non-ionic stabilising amphiphile, where all parts are by weight relative to the sum of the weights of a+b+c and where the composition contains particles of at least one non-lamellar phase structure or forms particles of at least one non-lamellar phase structure when contacted with an aqueous fluid. The invention additionally relates to pharmaceutical formulations containing such compositions, methods for their formation and methods of treatment comprising their administration.

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods for increasing diet induced thermogenesis. Typically, the compositions are comprised of L-histidine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-valine and L-threonine.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (1) and to processes for the preparation of, intermediates used in the preparation of, compositions containing and the uses of, such derivatives. The compounds according to the present invention are useful in numerous diseases, disorders and conditions, in particular inflammatory, allergic and respiratory diseases, disorders and conditions.

Abstract: A method of treating or preventing snoring, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and/or central sleep apnea (CSA) comprises administering a pharmacologically effective amount a salt of acetylhomotaurine (AcHT) such as calcium acamprosate (CA) to a patient. Also disclosed is the use of AcHT and CA for the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing snoring, OSA and/or CSA and of a diagnostic device, kit or composition; a protective patch comprising AcHT or CA; and a pharmaceutical composition comprising AcHT or CA and an agent capable of alleviating the effects of snoring OSA and/or CSA, in combined amounts effective in the treatment of snoring OSA and/or CSA, and a carrier.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods of making physically stable aqueous suspensions of sparingly soluble to insoluble in water, active pharmaceuticals. More particularly, the invention provides an aqueous pharmaceutical suspension composition comprising an active pharmaceutical component which is sparingly soluble to insoluble in water; a water soluble, low viscosity grade cellulose polymer with a viscosity range of 3 mPa·s to 50 mPa·s as a surfactant; a suspending agent; and water.

Abstract: A pseudo-plastic or thixotropic carrier having anti-malodorous components dissolved or suspended therein is sprayed on the internal surfaces of an ostomy bag or pouch. The viscoelastic properties of the carrier allow the composition to be conveniently dispensed from a spray bottle into the ostomy bag and retained on the inner walls thereof without being displaced therefrom by incoming waste during use of the ostomy bag. This allows the composition to continue to deodorize the ostomy bag headspace even after waste material begins to fill the bag.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition containing, preferably in a physiologically acceptable medium, at least one xanthine base or a plant extract containing it, at least one polyurethane powder, and at least one non-ionic dimethicone copolyol. The invention also relates to a cosmetic method for combating cellulite and/or “orange-peel” skin and/or slimming the figure, comprising the application of the composition to the skin. The composition applied to the skin exhibits good cosmetic properties of softness and of non-tackiness.

Abstract: The present application discloses methods and compositions for increasing patient tolerability during myocardial imaging comprising the administration of doses of caffeine and one or more adenosine A2A receptor agonists to a mammal undergoing myocardial imaging.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one multifunctional phosphodiesterase inhibitor (MPDEI) and at least one adenosine uptake inhibitor. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising cilostazol and dipyridamole and their use.

Abstract: Chronic pain is alleviated in a mammal suffering there from by administering to the mammal a chronic pain alleviating amount of a nontoxic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist such as dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, ketamine or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with a ?-opiate analgesic such as tramadol or an analogously acting molecular entity, and a methylxanthine such as caffeine, and optionally in sustained release dosage form.

Abstract: There are provided compositions, pharmaceuticals formulations and kits for treating neoplasms and tumours, viral infections, bacterial infections or parasite infections. There are also provided compositions, pharmaceutical formulations and kits for suppression of immune response rejection in tissue transplantation. Also provided are methods of treating such conditions.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a composition comprising a mixture of polypeptides in the form of a tannate salt wherein each polypeptide is a copolymer of the amino acids L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-tyrosine and L-Lysine, methods of preparation and uses thereof.

Abstract: A method for treatment of HIV infection includes administering at least one anti-HIV drug, such as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor, to a patient in need of such treatment and administering an extract from inflammatory tissue inoculated with vaccinia virus to the patient following the administration of the at least one anti-HIV drug. The extract maintains suppressive action on HIV replication, even if the administration of the anti-HIV drug is terminated.