Abstract: Compounds, compositions, and methods of treatment and prevention of HIV infection are disclosed. The compounds are pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines and pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrimidine JAK inhibitors. Combinations of these JAK inhibitors and additional antiretroviral compounds, such as NRTI, NNRTI, integrase inhibitors, entry inhibitors, protease inhibitors, and the like, are also disclosed. In one embodiment, the combinations include a combination of adenine, cytosine, thymidine, and guanine nucleoside antiviral agents, optionally in further combination with at least one additional antiviral agent that works via a different mechanism than a nucleoside analog. This combination has the potential to eliminate the presence of HIV in an infected patient.

Abstract: Diabetic wounds have elevated levels of cathepsin K, a protease enzyme, which degrades proteins, such as collagen, causing delayed wound healing. By targeting cathepsin K, diabetic wound healing is ameliorated. Methods and devices for treatment include topical application of pharmacological inhibitors of cathepsin K, for example, in the form of gel, powder, or bandage. Other methods and systems include localized genetic knock out of the cathepsin K gene by topical application of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) or antisense oligonucleotide to aid in wound healing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating and/or preventing obesity comprising the administration of antioxidant inflammation modulators described herein, including for example bardoxolone methyl.

Abstract: Compounds of formula II are described: wherein D, n, Ra, Rb, and Rc are as herein defined, along with pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using compounds of formula II for treating or reducing the risk of peritoneal carcinomatosis in a patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pyrethroid compound for inhibiting unwanted eye movement and for treating eye movement disorders, such as, but not limited to, nystagmus. The invention is directed to methods for treating unwanted eye movement and eye movement disorders by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pyrethroid compound that is lambda cyhalothrin or an analog thereof, through topical administration of the composition or incorporation of the composition into a contact lens or an ocular device for implantation into the eye. It further provides for pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of eye movement disorders and methods of preparing them.

Abstract: The present invention features the use of a synthetic triterpenoid to induce gene expression and differentiation of stem or progenitor cells in the treatment of bone/cartilage diseases or conditions.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein the symbols have the meaning given in the specification, as well as processes for preparing the compounds (I), pesticidal compositions and synergistic mixtures comprising compounds (I), methods for the control of insects, acarids or nematodes by contacting the pests or their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds with a pesticidally effective amount of compounds formula (I), and a method for treating, controlling, preventing or protecting animals against infestation or infection by parasites which comprises orally, topically or parenterally administering or applying to the animals a parasiticidally effective amount of compounds of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for enhancing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes and/or inducing chondrogenesis. The invention also relates to applications in the treatment of diseases which can affect cartilage (chondrodystrophies). The present invention also relates to methods of treatment comprising establishing a population of chondrocytes from a population of mesenchymal stem cells, which have been induced to differentiate with a synthetic triterpenoid, and administering the population of cells to a patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymorphic forms of the compound of Formula I (i.e., ethyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxoIeana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oate (CDDO ethyl ester)) and methods of using them for treating a variety of disease states such as cancer and condisitons associated with inflammation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for regulating skin pigmentation of a subject, comprising the step of administering the agent for inhibiting the expression or activation of Microphthalmia Transcription Factor (MITF) to the subject who is in need of regulation of skin pigmentation.

Abstract: A one pack aqueous insecticidal architectural coating composition comprising an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles as binder and further comprising, based on the total liquid paint formulation, i) from 0.1 to 4.0 wt % insecticide; ii) from 0.5 to 6.5 wt % dibasic ester solvent wherein the insecticide is located in the polymer particles and the polymer particles are film forming at ambient temperatures.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally directed to neuroactive substituted cyclopenta[b]phenanthrenes as referenced herein, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for use as, for example, an anesthetic, and/or in the treatment of disorders relating to GABA function and activity. The present disclosure is further directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is method of treating glaucoma or ocular hypertension comprising administering a prostaglandin agonist and a second therapeutically active agent to a mammal in need thereof, wherein said second therapeutically active agent is selected from: ?-Blockers, Adrenergic Agonists, non-selective adrenergic agonists, ?2-selective adrenergic agonists, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, Cholinergic Agonists, direct acting cholinergic agonists, chlolinesterase inhibitors, Glutamate Antagonists, Ca2+ channel blockers, Prostamides, Prostaglandins, Cannabinoids, and combinations thereof. Compositions and medicaments containing a combination of these two active agents are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of cyanoacrylate monomer, a method of improving the viscosity and the curing speed with a single additive and a process of providing sterilized cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions for application in the medical field.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel C17-alkanediyl and alkenediyl derivatives of oleanolic acid, including those of the formula: wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds. Methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds, for example, as antioxidant inflammation modulators, and compositions thereof are also provided.

Abstract: Provided are compounds that are capable of modulating the activity of the influenza A virus via interaction with the M2 transmembrane protein. Also provided are methods for treating an influenza A-affected disease state or infection comprising administering a composition comprising one or more compounds that have been identified as being capable of interaction with the M2 protein.

Abstract: An herbicide/insecticide composition containing (a) a pyridine carboxylic acid component and (b) an insecticide component provides synergistic control of selected weeds.

Abstract: Provided are compounds that are capable of modulating the activity of the influenza A virus via interaction with the M2 transmembrane protein. Also provided are methods for treating an influenza A-affected disease state or infection comprising administering a composition comprising one or more compounds that have been identified as being capable of interaction with the M2 protein.

Abstract: A method of preventing damage to the seed and/or shoots and foliage of a plant by a pest includes treating the seed from which the plant grows with a composition that includes a combination of clothianidin and at least one pyrethrin or synthetic pyrethroid. The treatment is applied to the unsown seed. In another embodiment, the seed is a transgenic seed having at least one heterologous gene encoding for the expression of a protein having pesticidal activity against a first pest and the composition has activity against at least one second pest. Treated seeds are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods for treating and preventing renal/kidney disease, insulin resistance/diabetes, fatty liver disease, and/or endothelial dysfunction/cardiovascular disease using synthetic triterpenoids, optionally in combination with a second treatment or prophylaxis.

Abstract: An ester compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 represents R1 represents 2-propenyl or 2-propynyl; R3 represents hydrogen or methyl, R4 represents hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, and R5 represents hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; has an excellent pest control effect and is therefore useful as an active ingredient of a pest control agent.

Abstract: The present invention features the use of a synthetic triterpenoid to induce gene expression and differentiation of stem or progenitor cells in the treatment of bone/cartilage diseases or conditions.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, R1, R2, G1, G2, Q1 and Q2 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscicidal and nematicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control insect, acarine, mollusc and nematode pests.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cycloalkyl-hydroxyl compounds, compositions comprising hydroxyl compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing a variety of diseases and conditions such as, but not limited to aging, Alzheimer's Disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, a disorder of glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, hypertension, impotence, inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid elimination in bile, obesity, oxysterol elimination in bile, pancreatitis, Parkinson's disease, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder, phospholipid elimination in bile, renal disease, septicemia, Syndrome X, thrombotic disorder. Compounds and methods of the invention can also be used to modulate C reactive protein or enhance bile production in a patient.

Abstract: Disclosed are nitrile derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions comprising nitrile derivatives. The pharmaceutical compositions comprise compounds of the formula I and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of such compounds. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds, intermediates used in the preparation of such compounds, and the uses of such compounds in treating hyperproliferative diseases, inflammatory diseases and viral and bacterial infections and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.

Abstract: An ester compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 represents 2-propenyl or 2-propynyl, and R2 represents C1-C4 alkyl, has an excellent pest control effect and is therefore useful as an active ingredient of a pest control agent.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds having affinity for the M2 proton channel, useful for the treatment of viral infections such as influenza, which are of the Formula (I): wherein R1, R2, and Y are as defined herein. Methods of preparing the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, and methods of using the compounds in the treatment of viral infections such as influenza are also provided.

Abstract: A stable and sterile adhesive composition with a controlled level of high viscosity is disclosed in the present invention. Adhesive compositions with different ranges of viscosity could be prepared by heating the adhesive monomer composition at mild temperature in the presence of pluronic polymer. The viscosity of the adhesive composition is able to be controlled to any desired level. A method of stabilizing the adhesive composition with a desired level of high viscosity is provided by using the combination of free radical and acid stabilizers. Methods for packaging, sterilizing and applying the adhesive in the medical field are also provided.

Abstract: New pesticide compositions comprising an alkyl formate and an isothiocyanic ester are described, as are methods of delivering fumigants and methods of pest control using a combination of fumigants.

Abstract: The present Invention deals with an alternative Interfacial polymerization process of microencapsulation, microcapsule's produced thereof, microencapsulated agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, catalysts and phase transfer materials, and formulations thereof, by means of microcapsules and starting materials with the participation of acetylene carbamide derivatives in the final structure of the microcapsules' wall.

Abstract: This invention provides, but is not limited to, novel oleanolic acid derivatives having the formula: wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds, methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a stereoisomer or a mixture in all proportions of stereoisomers thereof, in particular a mixture of enantiomers, such as a racemic mixture, wherein R represents a (C1-C6)alkyl or (C1-C6)alkenyl group, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen among an halogen atom, ORa, SRb, NRcRd, PO(ORe)(ORf), CO2Rg, SO2Rh SO3R1, P0(0H)(CH(0H)Rk), CN, N3 and NH—C(?NH)NH2, with Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd, representing, independently of each other, an hydrogen atom, a (C1-C6)alkyl group or a —CO—(C1-C6)alkyl group, Re, Rf, Rg, Rh and R1 representing, independently of each other, an hydrogen atom or a (C1-C6)alkyl group, and Rk representing an aryl or heteroaryl group, said group being optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from an halogen atom and NO2, as well as to the use thereof and to a process for preparing such a compound, to a pharmaceutical composition containing it and to synthesis intermediates.

Abstract: Disclosed are nitrile derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions comprising nitrile derivatives. The pharmaceutical compositions comprise compounds of the formula I and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of such compounds. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds, intermediates used in the preparation of such compounds, and the uses of such compounds in treating hyperproliferative diseases, inflammatory diseases and viral and bacterial infections and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.

Abstract: An oil-in-water emulsified sunscreen cosmetic which contains: (A) Containing the following three types of surfactants (A-1)-(A-3); (A-1) A POE stearic ester having a POE mole number of 20-120; (A-2) sorbitan tristearate; and (A-3) glyceryl stearate having a HLB of 5-8; (B) bis-ethylhexyloxyphenolmethoxyphenyltriazine and/or tert-butylmethoxybenzoylmethane, oil soluble ultraviolet absorbents, solid at room temperatures; (C) ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and/or octocrylene, oil soluble ultraviolet absorbents, liquid at room temperature; (D) phenylbenzimidazolesulfonic acid, a water soluble ultraviolet absorbent; and (E) a higher alcohol having 14-24 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A pesticidal composition containing: 4-methoxymethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzyl 3-(2-cyano-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate, a saturated hydrocarbon having an initial boiling point of 150 C or higher and a 95%-distillation temperature of 300 C or lower, and at least one alkyl carboxylate ester selected from the group consisting of the following esters (i) to (iii): (i) alkyl alkylcarboxylate esters having 12 to 20 carbon atoms, (ii) dialkyl dicarboxylate esters having 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and (iii) trialkyl acetylcitrate esters having 12 to 20 carbon atoms; has an excellent pesticidal activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted adamantane compounds, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, processes for their preparation, and methods for inhibiting sphingosine kinase and for treating or preventing hyperproliferative disease, inflammatory disease, or angiogenic disease.

Abstract: The invention is directed to novel compounds of Formula I: as well as its stereoisomers and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, for the treatment of diabetes and diabetes associated dyslipidemia.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method to induce fatty liver in an animal. The steps of the method comprise: feeding an animal with a high calorie diet, and injecting a mitochondrial inhibitor into the animal to inhibit the mitochondrial activity of the animal, then resulting in fat accumulation and inflammation in the liver of the animal.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods for treating and preventing renal/kidney disease, insulin resistance/diabetes, fatty liver disease, and/or endothelial dysfunction/cardiovascular disease using synthetic triterpenoids, optionally in combination with a second treatment or prophylaxis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cycloalkyl-hydroxyl compounds, compositions comprising hydroxyl compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing a variety of diseases and conditions such as, but not limited to aging, Alzheimer's Disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, a disorder of glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, hypertension, impotence, inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid elimination in bile, obesity, oxysterol elimination in bile, pancreatitis, Parkinson's disease, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder, phospholipid elimination in bile, renal disease, septicemia, Syndrome X, thrombotic disorder. Compounds and methods of the invention can also be used to modulate C reactive protein or enhance bile production in a patient.

Abstract: Provided are compounds that are capable of modulating the activity of the influenza A virus via interaction with the M2 transmembrane protein. Also provided are methods for treating an influenza A-affected disease state or infection comprising administering a composition comprising one or more compounds that have been identified as being capable of interaction with the M2 protein.

Abstract: Methods for the treatment or prevention of diseases which are caused by the degradation of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in cells are described. The diseases which may be treated by the methods of the invention include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The invention provides methods for treating or preventing of diseases caused by the degradation of HDAC2 by providing to the subject in need of treatment or prevention a molecular compound capable of preventing the degradation of HDAC2. Such molecular compounds include protein kinase CK2 inhibitors, ubiquitination inhibitors, ubiquitin-proteosome inhibitors, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) activators and MAPK phosphatase 1 activators. Methods are also provided for the treatment and prevention of diseases caused by the degredation of HDAC2 by interfering with the expression of protein kinase CK2 or by increasing expression of Nrf2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of GPR119 receptor agonists for treating or preventing a condition characterized by low bone mass, such as osteoporosis, and for increasing bone mass in an individual. The present invention further relates to the use of a GPR119 receptor agonist in combination with a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor for treating or preventing a condition characterized by low bone mass, such as osteoporosis, and for increasing bone mass in an individual. A GPR119 receptor agonist and the combination of a GPR119 receptor agonist and a DPP-IV inhibitor promote bone formation in an individual.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted carbo- and heterocyclic spiro compounds of the formula Ia which inhibit thiol proteases, to processes for their preparation and to the use thereof as medicaments.

Abstract: Novel tricyclic-bis-enone derivatives (TBEs) as well as the process for the preparation of such TBEs are provided. Also provided are methods for prevention and/or treatment of cancer, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotropic lateral sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and all other diseases whose pathogenesis is believed to involve excessive production of either nitric oxide (NO) or prostaglandins or the overexpression of iNOS or COX-2 genes or gene products. Further, methods for the synthesis of the TBE compounds of the invention utilize cheap commercially available reagents and are highly cost effective and amenable to scale-up. Additional high efficiency synthetic methods that utilize novel intermediates as well as the synthesis of these intermediates are also provided. Furthermore, the invention also provides methods for designing novel and water-soluble TBEs.

Abstract: This invention provides, but is not limited to, novel oleanolic acid derivatives having the formula: wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds, methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pesticidal mixtures comprising as active compounds 1) at least one aminothiazoline compound I of formula I: wherein R1 is selected from hydrogen, COCH3, COCH2CH3 or COCH2C(CH3)3; R2 and R3 together with the carbon atoms of the phenyl ring to which they are attached form a ring which, depending on the tautomeric formula I a) or b) is depicted as: a benzene ring, a saturated 5-, 6-, or 7-membered carbocycle, a partially unsaturated 5-, 6-, or 7-membered carbocycle, a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered saturated heterocycle, a partially unsaturated 5-, 6-, or 7-membered heterocycle, which heterocycles contain 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S and N as ring members, and a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring which contains 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S and N as ring members, and wherein the ring is unsubstituted or may carry any combination of 1, 2, 3, or 4 radicals selected from the group consisting of halogen, CH3, CH2CH3, CF3, CH3O, cyano and (?O) (oxo); R4 is se

Abstract: This invention relates to treatment of neuro-psychiatricdisorders. Specifically, the invention relates to the use of small molecule agent specific against erbB4, erbB3 or their combination, or fragments thereof in inhibiting the attachment of erbB4, erbB3 or their combination to NRG1.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for inhibiting NF-?B mediated cellular proliferation and metastasis.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method to induce fatty liver in an animal. The steps of the method comprise: feeding an animal with a high calorie diet, and injecting a mitochondrial inhibitor into the animal to inhibit the mitochondrial activity of the animal, then resulting in fat accumulation and inflammation in the liver of the animal.