Abstract: Therapeutic methods for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases or conditions are described, the methods including administering to a subject in need thereof a respiratory disease or condition effective amount of a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase.

Abstract: The use of isovaleryl L-camitine for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and cure of osteoporosis and for the prevention and cure of fractures occurring during osteoporosis post-menopause or during the ageing, is described.

Abstract: Geriatric depression is treated with L-carnitine or an alkanoyl L-carnitine, desirably acetyl L-carnitine thereby avoiding unwanted side-effects exhibited by conventional antidepressant agents.

Abstract: Methods to alleviate or improve various cosmetic conditions and dermatological disorders, including changes or damage to skin, nail and hair associated with intrinsic aging and/or extrinsic aging, as well as changes or damage caused by extrinsic factors using compositions comprising N-acetyl-cysteine (isomeric or non-isomeric forms) and/or free acid, salt, lactone, amide or ester forms of N-acetyl-cysteine are described. The methods provided may also comprise application of a composition further containing various cosmetic, pharmaceutical or other topical agents to enhance or create synergetic effects.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an antimicrobial preservative composition and methods of using the same. The antimicrobial preservative composition includes a glycerol fatty acid ester, a binary mixture of fatty acids including a first fatty acid antimicrobial agent selected from fatty acids having about six to about eighteen carbon atoms and a second fatty acid antimicrobial agent selected from fatty acids having about six to about eighteen carbon atoms where the second fatty acid is different from the first fatty acid and a food-grade carrier. Also disclosed is an antimicrobial preservative composition which includes a safe and effective amount of a ethoxylated or propoxylated glycerol fatty acid ester, a binary mixture of fatty acids including a first fatty acid antimicrobial agent selected from this C6 to C18 fatty acids and a second fatty acid antimicrobial agent selected from C6 to C18 fatty acids where the second fatty acid is different from the first fatty acid and a food-grade carrier.

Abstract: The invention is a method for producing &dgr;-aminopentadienoate derivatives of formula (1), the method comprising reacting a streptocyanine derivative of formula (2) with an ester derivative of formula (3) in the presence of an organic base. In formulae (1) to (3), R1 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; R2, R3, R4 and R5 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R2 and R3, or R4 and R5 may bond to each other to form a ring; Y represents an electron attractive group; X represents an acid radical; n indicates 0 or a positive number, which is no more than 5; Y may bond to R1 to form a ring.

Abstract: Thiosemicarbazone compounds of formula: 1

Abstract: Method for treating dermal pre-melanoma conditions which include administering an effective amount of a photosensitive agent to a dermal pre-melanoma cell and activating the photosensitive agent, thereby treating a dermal pre-melanoma condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides prodrugs of GABA analogs, pharmaceutical compositions of prodrugs of GABA analogs and methods for making prodrugs of GABA analogs. The present invention also provides methods for using prodrugs of GABA analogs and methods for using pharmaceutical compositions of prodrugs of GABA analogs for treating or preventing common diseases and/or disorders.

Abstract: Use of nordihydroguaiaretic derivatives to suppress CDC-2 and survivin, stimulate apoptosis, and treat tumors.

Abstract: SNACE derivatives as pharmacological active agents and pharmacological compositions containing these compounds, in particular for transdermal, oral, rectal and inhalational application, are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to prodrugs of a class of sulfonamides which are aspartyl protease inhibitors. In one embodiment, this invention relates to a novel class of prodrugs of HIV aspartyl protease inhibitors characterized by favorable aqueous solubility, high oral bioavailability and facile in vivo generation of the active ingredient. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these prodrugs. The prodrugs and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for decreasing the pill burden and increasing patient compliance. This invention also relates to methods of treating mammals with these prodrugs and pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A dietary supplement is disclosed which supplies the skeletal muscle with energy and protects the cardiovascular tract, the characterising components of which comprise propionyl L-carnitine, coenzyme Q10, nicotinamide, riboflavin and pantothenic acid.

Abstract: The invention concerns compositions that contain 5-aminolevulinic acid or/and derivatives thereof dissolved or dispersed in a non-aqueous liquid. The invention in particular concerns a two-chamber system which contains compositions of 5-aminolevulinic acid and/or derivatives thereof in which the active substances are located in a non-aqueous phase and which are ready-to-use after mixing with an aqueous phase.

Abstract: Therapeutic methods for the prevention and treatment of ophthalmologic conditions are described, the methods including administering to a subject in need thereof a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase.

Abstract: The compound of the formula (I) 1

Abstract: A method of reducing oxidative stress in the brain of an organism having a blood brain barrier and suffering an ischemic brain injury, the method comprising the step of administering a compound to the organism, the compound having (a) a combination of molecular weight and membrane miscibility properties for permitting the compound to cross the blood brain barrier of the organism; (b) a readily oxidizable chemical group for exerting antioxidation properties; and (c) a chemical make-up for permitting the compound or its intracellular derivative to accumulate within the cytoplasm of cells.

Abstract: Novel compounds, their salts and compositions related thereto having activity against mammalian integrins are disclosed. The compounds are useful in vitro or in vivo for preventing or treating thrombotic or restenotic disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides certain alpha-amino acids and derivatives thereof, such as, but not limited to, esters, amides and salts. The present invention also provides a novel method for the synthesis of alpha-amino acids and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound having the formula (I): R1SO2—B—X—Z—C(O)—Y, B is a bond, an amino acid of the formula —NR—CH[(CH2)pC(O)OH]—C(O)— or an ester derivative thereof wherein p is 1, 2, or 3, Gly, D-1-Piq, D-3-Piq, D-1-Tiq, D-3-Tiq, D-Atc, Aic, or a L- or D-amino acid having a hydrophobic, basic or neutral side chain; X is an amino acid with a hydrophobic side chain, glutamine, serine, theronine, a cyclic amino acid optionally containing an additional heteroatom selected from N, O or S, and optionally substituted with (1-6C)alkyl, (1-6C)alkoxy, benzyloxy or oxo, or X is 2-amino-isobutyric acid, —NR2—CH2—C(O)— or the fragment (I) or (II), wherein n is 2, 3, or 4, W is CH or N and R3 is H, (1-6C)alkyl or phenyl which groups may optionally be substituted with hydroxy, (1-6C)alkoxy, COOH, COO(1-6C)alkyl, CONH2, or halogen; Z is lysine or 4-aminocyclohexylglycine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for supplying bioavailable methionine to a cow which comprises supplying to the cow an ester of methionine or methionine amide and/or an ester of the hydroxy analogue of methionine or a salt thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of treating a cancerous condition in a person in need of such treatment, which comprises enhancing the effectiveness of the person's immune system by the administration to such person of at least one aliphatic sulfur compound, preferably a sulfur-containing amino-acid derivative having the formula (I) in which A is hydrogen or a carboxymethylene —CH2CO2H group, B is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and X is hydrogen, or an acyl group —CO—R in which R is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of such compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dissolving at least one compound of low solubility in water, the said process comprising the essential step of mixing the compound of low solubility with at least one lipophilic amino acid derivative. The invention also relates to a cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, at least one compound of low solubility and at least one lipophilic amino acid derivative. Among the compounds of low solubility that are especially included are aminophenol derivatives, salicylic acid derivatives, 2-amino-4-alkylaminopyrimidine 3-oxide derivatives and DHEA, and also its chemical or metabolic derivatives and precursors.

Abstract: Therapeutic methods of treatment, compositions and foodstuffs are described which contain isoflavone compounds described by general formula (I), in which Z is H, R1 is H, or RACO where RA is C1-10alkyl or an amino acid, R2 is H, OH, or ORB where RB is an amino acid, or CORA where RA is as previously defined, W is H, A is H or OH, and B is selected from (a), (b), (c), or W is H, and A and B taken together form a six-membered ring selected from (d), or W, A and B taken with the groups with which they are associated comprise (e), or W and A taken together with the groups with which they are associated comprise (f) and B is (g) wherein R3 is H, CORA where RA is as previously defined, CO2RC where RC is C1-10alkyl, or CORB where RB is as previously defined, R4 is H, CORD where RD is H, OH, C1-10alkyl or an amino acid, CO2RC where RC is as previously defined, CORE where RE is H, C1-10alkyl or an amino acid, COOH, CORC where RC is as previously defined, or CONHRE where RE is as previously defined, R5 is H, CO2RC wher

Abstract: Agents which inhibit PDH kinase such as dichloroacetic acid, its salts and derivatives are described as being useful in the treatment of ischaemia in limbs. In particular, dichloroacetic acid and its salts are useful in treating intermittent claudification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel fatty acid analogues of the general formula (I): CH3—[CH2]m—[xi—CH2]n—COOR, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 12, and wherein m is an integer from 0 to 23, and wherein i is an odd number which indicates the position relative to COOR, and wherein Xi independent of each other are selected from the group comprising O, S, SO, SO2, Se and CH2, and wherein R represents hydrogen or C1-C4 alkl, with the proviso that at least one of the Xi is not CH2, or a salt, prodrug or complex thereof, for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment and/or prevention of primary and/or secondary stenosis. Further the present invention relates to the use of said compounds for the prevention and/or treatment of a disease caused by procedural vascular trauma and/or pathological proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and/or an increased level of plasma homocysteine.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of bacterial infections in humans and non-human mammals, which comprises inhibiting bacterial growth by administering to a subject an antibacterially effective dose of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof: 1

Abstract: A novel fatty polypropoxylate ester which is an ester of an aliphatic or an aromatic monoacid formed by reacting the acid with a stoichiometric excess of a polypropoxylated fatty alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention provides combinations of cardiovascular therapeutic compounds for the prophylaxis or treatment of cardiovascular disease including hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, or hyperlipidemia. Combinations disclosed include a fibric acid derivative combined with a cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor.

Abstract: Novel compositions comprising a potassium channel opener, such as minoxidil, and a protein kinase C inhibitor, such as procyanidin B2 are presented, as are kits containing a first composition comprising a potassium channel opener and a second composition comprising a protein kinase C inhibitor. Also presented are methods for using the novel compositions for treating and preventing hair loss in a region of a patient.

Abstract: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors of formula (P-1) wherein: Ar1 is an unsaturated, optionally substituted, mono or bicyclic ring structure comprising 0 to 3 hetero atoms selected from S, O and N; Ar2 is an aromatic, optionally substituted, monocyclic ring structure comprising at least one nitrogen hetero atom and zero to two further hetero atoms selected from S, O and N; R4 and R5 are independently H or C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C5 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkanoyloxy, C1-C4 alkylthio, amino, carboxy, carbamoyl, cyano, halo, hydroxy, aminomethyl, hydroxymethyl, carboxymethyl, or halo substituted C1-C6 alkyl mercapto, nitro; or R4 and RS join to form a 3-6 membered, optionally substituted ring structure; R6 is 0 or S; Rx is the residue of a natural or unnatural amino acid; and L* is a linker moiety which is ether-, carbonate- or ester-bound to the adjacent oxygen and ester linked to Rx; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are anti-HIV agents with favourable ph

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of using NAALADase inhibitors to regulate TGF-&bgr; and to treat neurodegenerative disorders, extracellular matrix formation disorders, cell-growth related diseases, infectious diseases, immune related diseases, epithelial tissue scarring, collagen vascular diseases, fibroproliferative disorders, connective tissue disorders, inflammatory diseases, respiratory distress syndrome and infertility.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel fatty acid analogous of the general forumla I: CH3—[CH2]m—[xi—CH2]n—COOR, as defined in the specification, which can be used for the treatment and/or prevention of obesity, fatty liver and hypertension. Further, the invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising such fatty acid analogues, and a method for reducing the total weight, or the amount of adipose tissue in an animal. The invention also relates to a method for improving the quality of product such as meat, milk and eggs.

Abstract: Biological fouling is effectively controlled in water systems and process streams through the addition of hops extract.

Abstract: The present provides methods and compositions that enable effective delivery of nucleic acids to desired cells, including to a solid organ such as a mammalian heart. The methods and compositions enable effective gene transfer and subsequent expression to a majority of cells throughout a solid organ such as the heart. Methods and compositions of the invention preferably provide enhanced vascular permeability that enables increased gene transfer to targeted cells, but without significant degradation or injury to endothelial cell layers. Global delivery of nucleic acid to an intact heart has been achieved with as little as 2 minutes of intracoronary exposure to the administered nucleic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for supplying bioavailable methionine to a cow which comprises supplying to the cow an ester of methionine or methionine amide and/or an ester of the hydroxy analogue of methionine or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Novel brain targeted low molecular weight, hydrophobic antioxidants and use of antioxidants in treatment of central nervous system neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and Creutzfeldt-Jakob's diseases and in treatment of conditions of peripheral tissues, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, atheroscierotic cardiovascular disease and multiple organ dysfunction, in which oxidants are overproduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel fatty acid analogues of the general formula (I): CH3—[CH2]m—[Xi—CH2]n—COOR, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 12, and wherein m is an integer from 0 to 23, and wherein i is an odd number which indicates the position relative to COOR, and wherein Xi independent of each other are selected from the group comprising O, S, SO, SO2, Se and CH2, and wherein R represents hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, with the proviso that at least one of the Xi is not CH2, or a salt, prodrug or complex thereof, for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment and/or prevention of primary and/or secondary stenosis. Further the present invention relates to the use of said compounds for the prevention and/or treatment of a disease caused by procedural vascular trauma and/or pathological proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and/or an increased level of plasma homocysteine.

Abstract: Oncoproteins such as Ras and RhoB are known to induce cell division in an unrestrained manner when such proteins are localized at the inner surface of a cancer cell membrane. The localization is effected by the prenylation reaction, whereby a hydrophobic group (e.g. a farnesyl group) is attached to the protein in the presence of an enzyme (e.g. farnesyl protein transferase). Deactivation of the prenylation enzyme through covalent modification can therefore ultimately result in the mitigation and/or cessation of cancer cell growth. Various prenylation inhibitors having the necessary structural groups to bond covalently, or essentially irreversibly, to the prenylation enzyme include carbonyl or thiocarbonyl compounds (or masked versions of these compounds) and alpha oxo-epoxides bonded to a hydrophobic, substrate-mimicking group. The carbonyl or thiocarbonyl compounds also contain a nucleofugal atom or group to enhance the tendency to form covalent bonds.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the prevention of adhesion development involve the administration of therapeutic formulations of a halogenated organic compound to a patient in need of treatment. The formulations can include suitable carriers for optimal administration.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds which inhibit &bgr;-amyloid peptide release and/or its synthesis, and, accordingly, have utility in treating Alzheimer's disease. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound which inhibits &bgr;-amyloid peptide release and/or its synthesis as well as methods for treating Alzheimer's disease both prophylactically and therapeutically with such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for supplying bioavailable methionine to a cow which comprises supplying to the cow an ester of methionine or methionine amide and/or an ester of the hydroxy analogue of methionine or a salt thereof.

Abstract: A method of reducing oxidative stress in the brain of an organism having a blood brain barrier and suffering an ischemic brain injury, the method comprising the step of administering a compound to the organism, the compound having (a) a combination of molecular weight and membrane miscibility properties for permitting the compound to cross the blood brain barrier of the organism; (b) a readily oxidizable chemical group for exerting antioxidation properties; and (c) a chemical make-up for permitting the compound or its intracellular derivative to accumulate within the cytoplasm of cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel fatty acid analogues of the general formula (I): CH3—[CH2]m—[xi—CH2]n—COOR, as defined in the specification, which can be used for the treatment and/or prevention of diabetes. Further, the invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising such fatty acid analogues.

Abstract: HETE derivatives and methods of their use for treating dry eye are disclosed.

Abstract: A solution of N-[o-(p-pivaloyloxybenzenesulfonylamino) benzoyl]glycine monosodium salt tetra-hydrate (I) comprising at least one pH adjuster selected from tri-sodium phosphate, a hydrate thereof, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and a drug product using the solution. According to the invention, the solubility of the compound (I) increases and thereby it is possible to provide a solution thereof and a drug product using it. Moreover, by using a mixture of water and an organic solvent, greatly improved solubility makes it possible to manufacture a solution of higher concentration of the compound (I), and high-dosage drug products using it.

Abstract: Methods of preventing or reducing hearing or balance loss and damage to ear cells in patients who have been exposed to toxic levels of noise are provided. These methods comprise administering an effective amount of a methionine protective agent, such as D-methionine, prior to, simultaneously with, or subsequently to exposure to noise. Combinations of these time periods can also be employed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and derivatives thereof, their synthesis, and their use as integrin receptor antagonists. More particularly, the compounds of the present invention are antagonists of the integrin receptors &agr;v&bgr;3, &agr;v&bgr;5, and/or &agr;v&bgr;6 and are useful for inhibiting bone resorption, treating and preventing osteoporosis, and inhibiting vascular restenosis, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, inflammation, wound healing, viral disease, tumor growth, and metastasis.

Abstract: Growth hormone (GH) release in vertebrates may be augmented by an oral dietary supplement composed of acetyl-l-carnitine and l-ornithine acting in synergy. Augmentation is most efficacious by ingestion at night sleep after a short fast, but may be used during the day. Human dosages in subgram levels allow precise and reliable control of the level of augmented GH release over greater than one order of magnitude range above normal levels. This method can: return aging declined GH release to young adult levels, cause rapid fat loss without protein loss or extreme hunger, enable prolonged wakeful alertness and strength during emergencies, promote anabolic function in catabolic disease or trauma, and rapidly mature domestic animals.

Abstract: The preparation of an improved galenic delivery form of valnemulin, which is notable for its good tolerance and stability in storage, is described. The new delivery form in question is a non-aqueous or oily injection formulation, which is obtainable by means of in-situ preparation and subsequent stabilisation of the free, relatively unstable base of the active ingredient. A further aspect of the present invention concerns the usage of such an injection formulation in a method of treating infectious diseases in productive livestock or domestic animals.