Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for fermenting a sugar-containing material and an improved method for preventing bacterial infection in a fermentation process by using performic acid. The fermentation process is primarily the fermentation of sugar-containing material, for instance sugarcane, into ethanol. The present invention further relates to the manufacture of ethanol and the ethanol so obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating cancer through stasis induction, wherein said stasis-inducing treatment results in reduced blood flow to the cells of said cancer, leading to diminished tumor growth and/or tumor death. In one embodiment, the stasis-inducing treatment comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of a chalcogenide, salt, or prodrug thereof. The method of treating cancer may optionally comprise an additional step of withdrawing a portion of blood from said patient, such that blood flow to said cancer is further reduced or eliminated. In additional embodiments, the method of treating cancer may optionally comprise an additional step of diverting a portion of the blood flow in said patient, such that blood flow to said cancer is further reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: Nutritional compositions for maximizing muscle protein synthesis while minimizing the catabolism of muscle proteins and methods of using same are provided. In this manner, the nutritional compositions may provide for retention of lean body mass, which helps to avoid loss of independence and functionality, as well as to improve quality of life especially in the elderly at risk of sarcopenia and frailty. The nutritional compositions include ?-hydroxyisocaproic acid and may include other functional ingredients such as, but not limited to whey protein including whey protein micelles, prebiotic fibers, L-carnitine, nucleotides, and amino acids. Methods of administering such nutritional products to individuals in need of same are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cleaner and/or disinfectant for medical and/or surgical elements and apparatuses which is formulated as a powder. It comprises at least one peroxide, at least one acylating agent for releasing peracetic acid from the peroxide in aqueous solution, and also at least one nonionic surfactant. According to the invention, it is provided that it comprises agents for adjusting a pH of a 2% strength aqueous solution to pH 7.5 to 9 and is formulated as granules, where peroxide and/or acylating agent are coated with nonionic surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to oral pulse-release pharmaceutical dosage form containing an immediate release component of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, and one or more delayed/controlled release components of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to compositions and methods for formulating a pharmaceutical dosage form by forming a composition comprising acetyl-11-keto-?-boswellic acid, diindolylmethane, or curcumin with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients for enhanced solubility to increase bioavailability and improve therapeutic efficacy. The composition can be processed by thermo-kinetic compounding along with conventional methods known in the art, such as hot melt extrusion, melt granulation, compression molding, tablet compression, capsule filling, film-coating, or injection molding.

Abstract: A composition is provided that capitalizes on the biological activity of trichloroacetic acid, but effectively reduces or eliminates TCA induced irritation allowing the composition to be used as a wrinkle effacer or stimulant of skin cell turnover; uses previously thought as commercially impossible with TCA. Also provided are processes of effacing wrinkles or stimulating skin cell turnover including applying the inventive composition to the skin of a subject.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treatment comprising reducing therapy-induced adverse effects (TIAE), including chemotherapy-induced adverse effects (CIAE), such as chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and/or chemotherapy-induced cardiovascular adverse effects (CICAE) in a subject being treated with a CIAE-inducing anti-cancer active ingredient by co-administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of a NCS-1-protective composition. Related pharmaceutical compositions, diagnostics and screening techniques are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R6, A1, A2, X1, s and m are defined herein. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid composition containing (a) an acidic oxidant, (b) nitric acid or a salt thereof, and (c) at least one carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and tricarboxylic acids, or a salt thereof. The liquid composition can be used to disinfect or sterilize a subject that includes a portion made of an aluminum-based metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to salts of 3-pentylphenylacetic acid and their pharmaceutical uses. Particular aspects of the invention relate to the use of those salts in the prevention and/or treatment of various diseases and conditions in subjects, including the prevention and treatment of (i) blood disorders, (ii) renal disorders and renal disorder complications; (iii) inflammatory-related diseases; and/or (iv) oxidative stress related disorders.

Abstract: An aqueous disinfecting solution having a pH from about 0.5 to about 6 and consisting essentially of hydrogen peroxide in a concentration from about 0.05 to about 8 w/w % of the total solution; at least one anionic surfactant in a concentration from about 0.02 to about 8 w/w % of the total solution, selected from sulfonated C12 to C22 carboxylic acids and alkali metal, ammonium, calcium and magnesium salts thereof; naphthalene sulfonic acids and alkali metal, ammonium, calcium and magnesium salts thereof; C8 to C22 alkyl sulfonic acids and alkali metal, ammonium, calcium and magnesium salts thereof; and alkyl or alkenyl esters or diesters of sulfosuccinic acids in which the alkyl or alkenyl groups independently contain from six to eighteen carbon atoms and alkali metal, ammonium, calcium and magnesium salts thereof; and benzyl alcohol in a concentration from about 0.1 to about 10 w/w % of the solution.

Abstract: Provided are compounds that are capable of modulating the activity of the influenza A virus via interaction with the M2 transmembrane protein. Also provided are methods for treating an influenza A-affected disease state or infection comprising administering a composition comprising one or more compounds that have been identified as being capable of interaction with the M2 protein.

Abstract: An improved beverage can includes a GRAS antimicrobial wipe contained in a low profile pouch that is adhered to the side of the can. The low profile pouch is constructed of a substantially planar substrate that retains the wipe directly to the exterior surface of the can. The pouch includes a perforated tab that is removed to access the wipe. To use, the perforated tab is ripped off, the user reaches into the pouch and pulls out the antimicrobial wipe, and wipes the can as desired, typically focusing on the drinking region of the can.

Abstract: The compound represented by the following formula (I) and the like have PAI-1 inhibition activity; wherein: R1 represents a C6-10 aryl group which may be substituted or the like; T represents a single bond or the like; m represents 0 or 1; when m is 0, G represents —N—C(?O)—CO2H or the like; when m is 1, G represents an oxygen atom or the like; R2 represents a C6-10 aryl group which may be substituted or the like; E represents the following formula (II) wherein one of R31, R32, R33 and R34 represents the formula R1-T-, each of the other three independently represents a hydrogen atom or the like, and R35 represents the formula —X—Y?, a hydrogen atom or the like; X represents —CH2— or the like; Y? represents a carboxy group or the like; M represents a single bond or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preventing the development of cancer or neurodegenerative diseases by administering N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), melatonin, or a combination thereof. The present invention also relates to methods for diagnosing cancer and/or neurdegenerative disease by detecting or determining the amount of dopamine metabolites, 4-CE, 2-CE, methylation of CE or CE-Q conjugates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical calcium acetate formulation and a process for making the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a calcium acetate capsule formulation comprising granules comprising calcium acetate along with other formulation adjuvants contained within a pharmaceutically acceptable capsule.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among other things, compositions and methods suitable for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia based on phosphate-binding magnesium salts. In some embodiments, the present invention provides compositions and methods suitable for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia based on the combination of phosphate-binding magnesium and calcium salts.

Abstract: The invention provides low concentration, stable compositions for the treatment of lesions associated with herpes viral infections. The compositions are in a form selected from creams and gels containing trichloroacetic acid in an amount of between 2.5% (m/m) and 6% (w/w) of the weight of the cream or gel. Preferably the cream contains about 5% and the gel about 2.5% of the trichloroacetic acid.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the generation of a peroxyacetic acid sanitizer in proximity to the point-of-use are disclosed. These methods comprise introducing a hydrogen peroxide-acetyl precursor solution to water, mixing, and then adding an aqueous source of a alkali metal or earth alkali metal hydroxide. Triacetin is a preferred acetyl precursor and is converted rapidly and with a high conversion rate into peracetic acid. These methods produce solutions with a high level of peracetic acid. Methods for preparing the hydrogen peroxide-acetyl precursor solution are also provided. Also disclosed are solid compositions comprising a liquid acetyl precursor, a water-soluble source of hydrogen peroxide, and a water-soluble source of alkalinity. The solid composition is a freely-flowable solid that is used as a bleaching agent and a stain remover for the treatment of articles such as fabrics, dentures, textile garments, and equipment used in the food and beverage industry.

Abstract: A multifunctional polyethylene glycol-based hydrogel that includes a multi-arm polyethylene glycol cross-linking unit covalently bound to at least four multi-arm polyethylene glycol nanocarrier units, wherein each nanocarrier unit includes an agent coupled to the nanocarrier unit and each agent is selected from pH-lowering agents, bioadhesion agents, microbicidal-spermicidal agents, and agents that inhibit free and cell-associated HIV binding, provided that each nanocarrier unit comprises a different agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preventing or reducing the risk of cancer or the progression of premalignant dysplasia in a subject having a higher risk factor by administering a therapeutically effective amount of prostacyclin analog.

Abstract: A granule including a solid core on which is supported an active ingredient, said active ingredient being selected from gamma-hydroxybutric acid or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, said granule further including, supported on said solid core, one or more compounds which may generate gas evolvement, one or more diluents, said granule being in that it is coated with a membrane, and in that the solid core represents from 15% to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the granule.

Abstract: This invention provides a self-emulsifying composition comprising 50 to 95% by weight in total of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ?3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters; and 5 to 50% by weight of an emulsifier having a hydrophilic lipophilic balance of at least 10. The composition has no or reduced ethanol content, and exhibits excellent self-emulsifying property, dispersibility in the composition, emulsion stability, and absorption property. The composition is adapted for use as a drug.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and low dose regimens for increasing fetal hemoglobin levels in patients with red blood cell disorders, such as beta thalassemia, sickle cell disease, other anemias, or blood loss. Fetal and total hemoglobin levels and red blood cell counts are increased by administering 2,2-dimethylbutyrate (DMB) alone or in combination with hydroxyurea, decitabine or an HDAC inhibitor. Treatment can be continued for at least two weeks.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a composition that may include frankincense resin and various combinations of essential oils, which combinations may be effective in promoting weight loss. The present disclosure further relates to a weight loss and satiation composition that may include frankincense resin and a flavorant. In some embodiments, the composition may include a gum base.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed to treat or prevent at least one disease or condition in a subject in need thereof comprising administering a compound of Formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or ester thereof, wherein R1 and R2 are independently chosen from a hydrogen atom or linear, branched, and/or cyclic C1-C6 alkyl groups, with the proviso that R1 and R2 are not both hydrogen or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof. Such diseases or conditions may relate to coronary heart disease (CHD), for example atherosclerosis; metabolic syndrome/insulin resistance; and/or a dyslipidemic condition such as hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), elevated LDL-cholesterol, elevated total-cholesterol, elevated Apo B and low HDL-cholesterol. The present disclosure further provides for a method of reducing atherosclerosis development. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I) are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cardiogenin major isomer is obtained from a methanol extract of Geum japonicum and separated from its minor isomer. The separation of the two isomers can be achieved by chiral phase chromatography, e.g., using a Chiralpak® IC™ column. The purity of the isolated cardiogenin major isomer can be further increased by crystallization, yielding isolated cardiogenin major isomer having HPLC purity as high as 98.97% (a/a) at 210 nm and a potency of 95.50%) (w/w).

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions for treatment of cancer. In particular, these methods and compositions may include an inhibitor of a deubiquitinating enzyme. In certain aspects, these methods and compositions may include a modulator of glucose metabolism. Also provided are methods of assaying the glucose content of cells and tissues using detection of uH2B.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions for the treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and methods of application and use thereof. In particular, the present invention provides treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular disease with compounds that inhibit the production of TMA in the gut, such as 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) or other compounds represented by Formula I or as shown in FIGS. 20-23.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to environmental friendly pesticide compounds, formulations, methods of preparation and application and utilities thereof. More particularly, the invention relates to pesticide compounds and formulations that include terpenes or terpenoids having chemical formula of (C5H8)n, and its derivatives and analogs thereof, as active insecticidal ingredients; certain botanical essential oils as synergists, and other select ingredients as additives.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods utilizing beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) for facilitating the recovery of muscle after a period of muscle disuse. The HMB facilitates the recovery of muscle mass in an individual and can also be used to prevent further muscle atrophy typically associated with muscle reloading after extended periods of muscle disuse in the individual. The methods disclosed may be particularly suitable for older adults.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of encapsulation of substances with low aqueous solubility in liposomes, especially via active loading. The present inventors have surprisingly found that efficient active loading of liposomes with high liposome loading can be achieved by first solubilizing a functional compound, which is itself hardly soluble in water using a solubility enhancer. This significantly increases the functional-substance-to-lipid mass ratio to levels above those attained by conventional active or passive loading techniques and enlarges the range of functional compounds, including drugs, amenable to encapsulation in liposomes. One aspect of the invention provides the active loading process. Liposomal compositions with high drug-load are provided by the present invention as well.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer, and involuntary weight loss. In the practice of the present invention patients are enterally administered HMB alone or alternatively in combination with eicosapentaenoic (20:5 ?-3), FOS, carnitine and mixtures thereof. HMB may be added to food products comprising a source of amino-nitrogen enriched with large neutral amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine, valine, tyrosine, threonine and phenylalanine and substantially lacking in free amino acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions, kits and methods for treating skin at sites of concerns such as infectious lesions and/or points of insertion of an insertable medical device to prevent contamination such as infections or protein absorption that may interfere with the function of the device. The composition can be a topical skin treatment composition that includes polyethylene glycol (PEG), triclosan, one or more of a salicylate, bronopol, and an acrylic emulsion, and, optionally, a solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of dichloroacetate and chemical equivalents thereof for the treatment of cancer by inducing apoptosis or reversing apoptosis-resistance in a cell Preferably, the dosage is 10-100 mg/kg Preferably, sodium dichloroacetate is used. The dichloroacetate may optionally be given in combination with a pro-apoptotic agent and/or a chemotherapeutic agent Preferably, the cancers treated are non-small cell lung cancer, glioblastoma and breast carcinoma.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions for the prevention and/or treatment of viral conditions, virally-induced conditions and inflammatory conditions. The methods can comprise administering to a subject a viral inducing agent with an antiviral agent, and optionally an additional agent. The viral inducing agent can be a HDAC inhibitor administered orally.

Abstract: A process for the production of an n-butyric acid compound in microencapsulated form comprises the stages of:—providing a granular material based on the n-butyric acid compound, —mixing the granular material with a matrix having a content of long-chain C14-C22 saturated fatty acids of from 40% to 95%, and an amount of between 1% and 20% of a mineral agent in which an effective amount of calcium sulphate dihydrate is present, heating the mixture to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the lipid component of the matrix, —spraying the mixture into a cooling chamber having a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the lipid component of the matrix, so that the latter solidifies around the granular material, forming a covering thereof.

Abstract: The current invention involves the surprising finding that when carboxylated particles, such as carboxylated polystyrene, PLGA, or diamond particles are administered to subjects, inflammatory immune responses are ameliorated. Additionally, the present invention describes methods of treating inflammatory diseases by administering these same carboxylated particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous liquid composition of calcium acetate, sweetener, and taste masking agent. Also provided is a method for binding phosphorus within the gastrointestinal tract of an individual by administering to the individual an aqueous solution of at least calcium acetate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous liquid composition of calcium acetate, sweetener, and taste masking agent. Also provided is a method for binding phosphorus within the gastrointestinal tract of an individual by administering to the individual an aqueous solution of at least calcium acetate.

Abstract: Provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions and formulations comprising mixed salts of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). Also provided herein are methods of making the pharmaceutical compositions and formulations, and methods of their use for the treatment of sleep disorders such as apnea, sleep time disturbances, narcolepsy, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hypnagogic hallucination, sleep arousal, insomnia, and nocturnal myoclonus.

Abstract: A novel generation of biocidal materials is provided that do not pose any specific risks to the environment or health. The active substances and additives that make up the biocidal materials according to the invention originate from plants, agricultural products, and renewable resources, and are furthermore completely biodegradable. The various uses of said novel biocidal materials are also described.

Abstract: Solutions for perioperative intraocular application by continuous irrigation during ophthalmologic procedures are provided. These solutions include multiple agents that act to inhibit inflammation, inhibit pain, effect mydriasis (dilation of the pupil), and/or decrease intraocular pressure, wherein the multiple agents are selected to target multiple molecular targets to achieve multiple differing physiologic functions, and are included in dilute concentrations in a balanced salt solution carrier.

Abstract: Compositions containing therapeutically effective amounts of transfer factor and one or more compounds selected from glucosamine salts, dimethyl glycine, chondroitin, montmoril-lonite, curcumin, hyaluronic acid, boswellic acid, superoxide dismutase, methyl sulfonyl methane and glucans. Methods of treating inflammation and arthritis with the compositions of the present invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for screening and identification of compounds and compositions that are useful in the treatment of neurological disorders, for example, of polyQ tract expansion diseases, such as Huntington's Disease. The invention further relates to methods, compounds, and compositions for the treatment of a variety of neurological disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides triterpenoids produced from natural compounds such as oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, and hederagenin.

Abstract: A nutritional or pharmaceutical composition comprising fat, protein, carbohydrate, whey and casein is provided. The composition has a weight ratio of casein to whey between 1:1 to 1:2.4 and comprises: a) at least 3 grams arginine per 100 grams protein; b) at least 10 wt. % linoleic acid based on total fatty acids; c) at least 1 wt. % alpha linolenic acid based on total fatty acids; d) at least one long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acid in an amount exceeding 0.1 wt. % based on total fatty acids selected from docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid; e) 5 to 25 wt. % of at least one polyunsaturated fatty acid based on total fatty acids; and 2 to 12 grams indigestible oligosaccharides having a degree of polymerisation of 2 to 100 per 100 gram dry weight of the composition. Methods of treatment by administering the composition are also provided.

Abstract: Topical formulations containing aqueous-soluble divalent strontium cation in a suitable topical keratinized skin formulation vehicle, and methods of using these formulations to inhibit skin irritation in keratinized skin, are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD), at a dose of greater than 300 mg/day, in combination with a standard anti-epileptic drug (SAED) which acts via sodium or calcium channels, for use in the treatment of epilepsy. The SAED is preferably one which•modifies low-threshold or transient neuronal calcium currents,or•reduces high-frequency neuronal firing and sodium-dependent action potentials and enhances GABA effects. Preferred SAEDs are ethosuximide and valproate.