Abstract: A composition is disclosed for treating a patient suffering from abnormally high acidity in the vagina, wherein the vaginal pH value is lower than 4.0. The composition consists essentially of: (a) an effective amount of the following amino acids and/or physiologically acceptable salts thereof: glutamic acid, aspartic acid, isoleucine, phenylalanine and praline; (b) an effective amount of anti-fungi drugs; and (c) a sufficient amount of pharmaceutically acceptable acid or alkali, which results in a pH of the composition from 4.0-8.0; (d). One or more pharmaceutical carriers is used for the composition. The composition is particularly useful for treating vaginitis and fungal vaginitis associated with abnormally high vaginal acidity of a pH value less than 4.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery that non-traditional export of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines lacking a signal sequence from a cell can be inhibited by copper chelation and/or administration to the cell of a truncated form of S100A13 lacking the basic residue portion. Further, copper chelation inhibits, inter alia, neointima formation, macrophage infiltration and associated inflammation, cell proliferation, secretion of extracellular matrix, intimal thickening, adventitial angiogenesis, restenosis, and the like, associated with vascular vessel injury. Thus, the present invention provides novel methods of preventing and treating, and for identifying novel compounds also useful as therapeutics for, such conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising various vitamins and minerals and methods for using these compositions for nutritional supplementation in, for example, pregnant or lactating subjects.

Abstract: Food supplement compositions and their methods of use in increasing lean mass and/or muscle size and/or strength in individuals, particularly, athletes is described. The food supplements described comprise &agr; lipoic acid or a derivative thereof, and an amino acid. Other food supplements described comprise a substance which can enhance and/or mimic activity of &agr; lipoic acid, and a source of amino acid. The food supplement compositions described are suitable for supplementing the diet of an athlete and particularly for enhancing an athlete's muscle size and/or strength.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to an ephedra- and artificial stimulant-free energy promoting composition, comprising effective amounts of a magnesium amino acid chelate, a B vitamin, a pyruvate salt, and rhodiola. These ingredients work synergistically together to provide energy, without the use of artificial stimulants, caffeine, or ephedrine. Additional amino acid chelates can also be present, such as iron amino acid chelate, zinc amino acid chelate, copper amino acid chelate, manganese amino acid chelate, chromium amino acid chelate, and mixtures of second amino acid chelates.

Abstract: The invention pertains to pharmaceutical compositions of Zosyn® in the presence of a buffer, preferably citrate, a particulate formation inhibitor, preferably EDTA optionally an aminoglycoside which when frozen and thawed or lyophilized and reconstituted reform a solution which has decreased particulate formation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for identifying a subunit specific modulator of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. The method involves providing a plurality of NMDA receptors which differ in their subunit identity. The receptors are contacted with a neurotransmitter recognition site ligand in the presence and absence of a candidate modulator. Receptor activity is then assayed, with an increase or decrease in activity in at least one, but not all members of the plurality of NMDA receptors, in the presence but not the absence of a candidate modulator, being an indication that the candidate modulator is a subunit specific modulator. The subunit identity of the subset of the NMDA receptors to determine the subunit specificity of the candidate modulator. Various combinations of NMDA receptor subunits are provided.

Abstract: Amino acid compositions or amino acid solutions for improving functional disorders of a liver comprising threonine, proline, glycine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, alanine, methionine, tryptophane, histidine and arginine; and amino acid compositions or amino acid solutions deleting tryptophane from the above compositions. These amino acid compositions show a low blood GOT level, a low blood GPT level, a low triglyceride level and a low liver total cholesterol level, which are each an indication of the effect of improving the functional disorders of the liver, and show a low death rate due to acute poisoning and a low knockdown rate. The use of the amino acid composition acts to prevent the occurrence of functional disorders of the liver, and to improve already existing functional disorders of the liver.

Abstract: An anti-microbial composition employing: (i) a C1 to C4 monohydric alcohol carrier fluid, present at a level of at least 50% by weight of the total composition (excluding any volatile propellant present); (ii) an iron (III) chelator having an iron (III) binding constant of 1023 or greater; and (iii) a solubility promoter such as water: The transitional metal chelator serves as an active anti-microbial, whilst the carrier fluid-solubility promoter mixture enables the formation of a stable composition. Preferred compositions are homogeneous solutions.

Abstract: This invention relates to synthetic excitatory amino acid prodrugs and processes for their preparation. The invention further relates to methods of using, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising, the compounds for the treatment of neurological disorders and psychiatric disorders.

Abstract: Food supplement compositions and their methods of use in increasing lean mass and/or muscle size and/or strength in individuals, particularly, athletes is described. The food supplements described comprise a substance which increases nitric oxide production in the body, and, a source of amino acids. Other food supplements described comprise a substance which can enhance and/or mimic insulin activity, and a source of amino acids. The food supplement compositions described are suitable for supplementing the diet of an athlete and particularly for enhancing an athlete's muscle size or strength.

Abstract: This invention relates to the composition and method of treating arthritis, repairing of articular joint surfaces and the relief of symptoms associated with arthritis. The composition comprises a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor and amino sugars. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor reduces the level of nitric oxide, the free radical believed responsible for the degradation of articular cartilage. Amino sugars are the building blocks of articular cartilage and have anti-inflammatory actions.

Abstract: An intraocular tension lowering composition for topical administration is disclosed which comprises an effective amount of an (i) angiotensin II antagonist, (ii) a boric aid and (iii) an ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. Said composition has excellent intraocular tension lowering activity. Said composition may be effectively administered to humans and other warm-blooded animals to lower intraocular tension.

Abstract: A composition for controlling growth of pathological organisms on a plant, said composition comprises an effective amount of one or more of metal ion(s); one or more of chelating agent(s); and phosphorous acid, and/or salt or hydrate thereof, said composition is in an agriculturally compatible carrier or vehicle.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods are described comprising at least one Y2 receptor-binding peptide, such as peptide YY(PYY), Neuropeptide Y (NPY) or Pancreatic Peptide (PP) and one or more mucosal delivery-enhancing agents for enhanced nasal mucosal delivery of the peptide YY, for treating a variety of diseases and conditions in mammalian subjects, including obesity.

Abstract: Methods for manipulating sensation of ejaculation in an individual comprise administering to an individual a drug which interact with lumbar spinothalamic (LSt) cells and/or target cells of LSt cells to manipulate sensation of ejaculation in an individual. Methods for manipulating ejaculatory reflex in an individual comprise administering to an individual a drug which interact with lumbar spinothalamic (LSt) cells to manipulate ejaculatory reflex in an individual. Methods for treating sexual dysfunction in an individual comprise administering to an individual a drug which interact with lumbar spinothalamic (LSt) cells to treat sexual dysfunction in an individual.

Abstract: A composition containing an EDTA complex in the form of a suppository is provided. More specifically, the EDTA complex is a magnesium di-potassium EDTA complex. The suppository may contain a controlled release agent which will release the EDTA complex over a period of several hours.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical formulation containing at least one statin and at least one ACE inhibitor, the at least one statin and the at least one ACE inhibitor being separated by a physiologically acceptable inert material.

Abstract: Kidney disease is diagnosed by measuring urinary catalytic iron in humans. Progressive kidney disease is treated by administering an iron chelator to humans. In particular, the progression of kidney disease essentially can be halted and the severity of kidney disease can be reduced by the administration of iron chelators to humans afflicted with a progressive kidney disease. The methods include measuring catalytic iron content in urine in a human afflicted with a progressive kidney disease and administering an iron chelator to the human. The method can include measuring total urinary protein content, blood urea nitrogen or creatinine in a blood sample before, during or after the administration of an iron chelator.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds that affect certain excitatory amino acid receptors, and are useful in the treatment of neurological disorders and psychiatric disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I), to a method for their production and to their use as medicaments.

Abstract: Antiseptic compositions comprising at least one salt of EDTA are disclosed. These compositions have broad spectrum antimicrobial and antifungal activity and they also have anticoagulant properties. The antiseptic compositions have also demonstrated activity in penetrating and breaking down microbial slime, or biofilms. They are safe for human and medical uses and may be used as prophylactic preparations to prevent infection, or to reduce the proliferation of and/or eliminate existing or established infections.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the discovery that elevated level of free iron causal in the onset and/or progression of diseases characterized by neural degeneration (e.g., Parkinson's Disease). It was also discovered that lowering free iron levels can inhibit (e.g. reduce or eliminate) the onset and/or progression of one or more symptoms of such diseases. Thus, in one embodiment this invention provides a method of inhibiting neural degeneration in a mammal. The method involves reducing free iron levels in a neural tissue of said animal in an amount sufficient to inhibit neural degeneration in said neural tissue.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) in which: R1 is (CH2)nY; n is 1 or 2; Y is NHSO2R2 or X1—W—X2—R3; X1 is O or NH; W is C═O, C═S, C═NH, or SO2; X2 is O or NH, provided that X1 and X2 are not both O; R2 is C1-10 alkyl; C2-10 alkenyl; C2-10 alkynyl; aryl; aryl-C1-10 alkyl; aryl-C2-10 alkenyl; aryl-C2-10alkynyl; C3-8 cycloalkyl or C3-8-cycloalkyl-C1-10 alkyl; and R3 is hydrogen, C1-10alkyl; C2-10 alkenyl; C2-10 alkynyl; aryl; aryl-C1-10 alkyl; aryl-C2-10 alkenyl; aryl-C2-10 alkynyl; C3-8 cycloalkyl; or C3-8-cycloalkyl-C1-10 alkyl; or a salt or ester thereof, modulate metabotropic glutamate receptor function and are useful in treating disorders of the central nervous system.

Abstract: Stable emulsions comprising as a base one or more diene conjugated fatty acids. Amino acids and other macromolecules can be used to stabilize the emulsion. The emulsion is also useful as a carrier and delivery vehicle of the macromolecules to humans or animals in need of the macromolecules. Plant oil extracts, such as conjugated linoleic acid and its acylated derivatives, are useful as the diene conjugated fatty acids that form the base of the stable emulsion. The emulsions formed are useful as nutritional or cosmetic adjuvant for oral based nutrition, skin diseases, cosmetic utility, enhancing oral nutrition, or pharmacological benefit. Methods of producing and using the emulsions are also provided.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to formulate prostaglandin derivatives which are hardly soluble in water and liable to be adsorbed to a resinous container and prostaglandin derivatives which are liable to decompose when dissolved in water in ophthalmic solutions. Solubility of the prostaglandin derivatives in water is improved and the adsorption thereof to the resinous container can be remarkably inhibited by adding a nonionic surfactant such as polysorbate 80 or polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60 to the ophthalmic solutions. The decomposition of the prostaglandin derivatives can be remarkably inhibited by adding an antioxidant such as disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate or dibutylhydroxytoluene.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I), to methods for their production and to the use thereof as medicaments.

Abstract: The present invention uses calcium-releasing or binding substances for the targeted weakening or strengthening of the barrier function of the skin. The invention includes methods and compositions of using these substances.

Abstract: The development and growth of oviparous species such as birds is enhanced by in ovo administration of an enteric modulator such as HMB. The enteric modulator is administered into the amnion, where it is then orally ingested by the subject. The enteric modulator enhances the enteric development of the subject prior to hatch, and enhances the growth of the animal before and after hatch.

Abstract: This invention relates to the regulation of FGF-1 export by cells. In addition, this invention provides methods of regulating the export of FGF-1 from the cell membrane, which methods include regulating the Syn-1 molecule to affect the formation of the FGF-Syn-1 complex, regulating the enzyme or protease which cleaves Syn-1 in the FGF-1 :Syn-1 complex to effect the release of FGF-1 from the cell membrane, or regulating the FGF-1:Syn-1 complex itself at or near the cell membrane. S100A13 is identified as an additional component of the FGF-1 export complex. Syn-1 truncation deletion mutants are also provided and functionally characterized. The invention also provides compositions related to the regulation of FGF-1 export.

Abstract: A composition containing an EDTA complex in the form of a suppository is provided. More specifically, the EDTA complex is a magnesium di-potassium EDTA complex. The suppository may contain a controlled release agent which will release the EDTA complex over a period of several hours.

Abstract: A formulation for enteral administration to a patient is disclosed.

Abstract: Germicidal compositions with enhanced activity towards killing microbiological spores and vetgetative cells comprising certain quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), phenolic compounds, monohydric alcohols, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, triclocarban, triclosan or combinations thereof with one or more spore coat opening agents. The invention also provides for the application of the germicidal compositions to animate and inanimate surfaces to help kill germs and protect against the risk of infection from bacteria, molds, yeasts, fungi, viruses, and microbiological spores.

Abstract: An antimicrobial system. When generally formulated to disinfect a catheter, the antimicrobial substance comprises water and between approximately 10 and 200 mg of tetrasodium EDTA for each milliliter of water. When formulated as a treatment solution for treating an infected catheter, the antimicrobial substance comprises water and between approximately 5 and 80 mg of tetrasodium EDTA for each milliliter of water. When formulated as a prophylactic substance for inhibiting infection of a catheter, the antimicrobial substance comprises water and between approximately 5 and 40 mg of tetrasodium EDTA for each milliliter of water.

Abstract: Provided are methods for controlling activity of an inward rectifier K+ (Kir) ion channel in a cell or cell membrane by controlling an amount of one or more chemical contaminant(s) of an organic pH buffer or metal chelator in intracellular solution. Also provided are methods for treating a patient requiring enhancement of cardiac contractility, wherein one such method comprises administering to the patient an amount of piperazine, or a derivative thereof, sufficient to reduce or block the activity of at least one inward rectifier ion channel, thereby prolonging cardiac action potential, which causes voltage-gated Ca++ channels to remain open for a period longer than the voltage-gated Ca++ channels would be open absent such addition of piperazine; thereby enhancing Ca++ entry into myocytes of the patient, and thereby enhancing cardiac contractility in the patient. Such methods are effective for the treatment of cardiac disease, cardiac failure, cardiomyopathy, or carditis.

Abstract: A water-soluble oral solution comprising famotidine and edetic acid or a salt thereof.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for use as an inhibitor of an enzyme having two divalent metal ions as an active center was found.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for use in prevention or treatment of a vascular-related disease, particularly used for angiogenesis inhibition, tumor growth inhibition or tumor metastasis inhibition, or immunostimulation, which comprises glutamic acid or derivatives thereof, preferably glutamic acid is anhydrous glutamic acid represented by Formula (1) or pyroglutamic acid, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or an edible carrier, and a method of preventing or treating a vascular-related disease.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel formulations comprising carvedilol and methods of using these formulations to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure and angina.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating an allergic or non-allergic respiratory disorder by administering orally a composition of lactoferrin alone or in combination with metal chelators to treat respiratory disorders.

Abstract: Compounds that demonstrate chelation affinity and selectivity for first transition series elements are administered to patients suffering from such conditions as ischemia, prolonged seizures and trauma to provide neuroprotection, cardioprotection, or both. These compounds when administered form complexes with chelatable iron and copper cations and thereby mitigate the ability of these cations to catalyze Haber-Weiss reactions that form toxic hydroxy free radicals that cause tissue injury. These compounds also form complexes with chelatable zinc cations thereby inhibiting the cytotoxicity associated with excess chelatable zinc.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for transdifferentiation of body tissues which can be used to generate specific cell types needed for regenerating organs or body parts, following cellular degeneration, injury or amputation. The present invention also describes the use of tissue transdifferentiation for treating cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: Methods, compositions, and kits for reducing a microbial population on a surface are provided. The microbial populations which can be treated using the methods, compositions, and kits of the present invention include prokaryotic, viral, and protozoan populations. The methods, compositions, and kits of the present invention have a number of uses in the fields of food production and medicine.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for treating an animal, preferably a human, suffering from or predisposed to a physical disorder by administering an effective amount of a composition comprising at least one RAR antagonist, preferably an RAR&agr; antagonist, and at least one RXR agonist. The combination of an RXR agonist, which has no therapeutic effects alone, with an RAR antagonist allows the use of lower doses of the RAR antagonist than were previously thought to be efficacious; this approach obviates many of the undesirable physiological side-effects of treatment with RAR antagonists.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and method using adrenergic compounds and complement compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of modulating the release of at least one endogenous compound in vivo. The method comprises delivering intranasally at least one micro-construct comprising an agonist and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to a locus comprising an agonist receptor and a heterologous receptor that is coupled to at least one common signaling molecule. The micro-construct used in the present inventive method provides sustained release of the agonist provided by erosion of an exterior surface defined by the micro-construct. Once released, the agonist effectively up- or down-regulates at least one signaling molecule common to both the agonist receptor and the heterologous receptor, thereby potentiating or desensitizing the heterologous receptor in order to modulate release of at least one endogenous compound under the control of the heterologous receptor.

Abstract: Provided is a composition for preventing urinary calculi caused by metal ions liberated from a compound containing a lanthanoid metal or another heavy metal in image diagnosis or therapy using that compound. The composition is a urinary calculus preventing composition containing a multidentate ligand capable of forming a complex with lanthanoid metal ions or other heavy metal ions, or an alkaline earth metal complex of that ligand. The multidentate ligand can be a bifunctional ligand having a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid, polyaminopolyphosphonic acid or the like as its site for forming a complex with a metal and chemically bonded to a physiologically acceptable oligosaccharide or the like, or can also be a polyaminopolycarboxylic or polyaminopolyphosphonic acid per se. Preferably, the polyaminopolycarboxylic acid is EDTA, DTPA, DOTA or TETA, or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of modulating paraptotic cell death in a cell by contacting the cell with an effective amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of ceramide, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), caspase-7, caspase-8, &agr;-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole proprionic acid (AMPA), kainic acid and glutamic acid, wherein the effective amount of the compound induces paraptotic death of the cell. The invention further is directed to a method of inhibiting paraptotic cell death in a cell by contacting the cell with an effective amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of Alg-2-interacting protein 1 (AIP-1), Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) neutralizing agent, Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2) neutralizing agent, TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2 (TRAF2) neutralizing agent, ortho-phenanthroline and the JNK inhibitor SP 600125, wherein the effective amount of the compound inhibits paraptotic death of the cell.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to 2-hydroxymethylglutamic acid and congeners thereof. A second aspect of the invention relates to a method of synthesizing 2-hydroxymethylglutamic acid and congeners thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to small molecules according to the formula [I]: which are potent inhibitors of &agr;4&bgr;1 mediated adhesion to either VCAM or CS-1 and which can be used for treating or preventing &agr;4&bgr;1 adhesion mediated conditions in a mammal such as a human.