Abstract: In certain aspects the methods comprise administering an inhibitor of hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis, a cystathionine-?-synthase (CBS) inhibitor, or a hydrogen sulfide neutralizing agent to a patient having a cancer associated with elevated production of hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to inhibitors of the activity of Complex (III) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and use thereof in treatment and/or prevention of cancers presenting tumour-initiating cells. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing said inhibitors alone or in combination with other pharmaceutically active agents, and their use as medicaments or as agrochemicals where their properties as inhibitors of the mitochondrial respiration is of benefit.

Abstract: The additive effect of combined intracranial carmustine (“BCNU”) with intracranial temozolomide (“TMZ”), and particularly in combination with radiation (“XRT”), in the treatment of two rat intracranial glioma models, the 9L gliosarcoma and the F98 glioma, demonstrates that local delivery of both drugs, especially in combination with radiation, is far more effective than delivery of either drug alone or one systemically and one locally, either with or without radiation. The triple therapy showed a significant improvement in survival when compared to controls (p=0.0004), local BCNU (p=0.0043), oral TMZ (p=0.0026), local TMZ (p=0.0105), and the combinations of either BCNU and XRT (p=0.0378) or oral TMZ and local BCNU (p=0.0154).

Abstract: The present invention involves the use of 2,4-disulfonyl phenyl tert-butyl nitrone (2,4-ds-PBN) in the treatment and prevention of gliomas. The 2,4-ds-PBN may be used alone or combined with other traditional chemo- and radiotherapies and surgery, to treat or prevent glioma occurrence, recurrence, spread, growth, metastasis, or vascularization.

Abstract: Methods for treating melanoma in a subject in need thereof are disclosed. The method comprises administering to the subject a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of deoxyelephantopin or an analogue thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods of inhibiting proliferation, migration and/or metastasis of melanoma cells in a subject in need thereof are also disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for reducing side effects of an anti-cancer agent in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: This application provides compositions and methods useful in the treatment of certain cancers. In part, this application is based on the recognition that certain molecules that target abasic lesions or AP sites in DNA improve, augment, or potentiate the chemotherapeutic efficacy of certain anticancer agents.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to compositions for the promotion of muscle protein synthesis and control of tumor-induced weight loss in patients that are, for example, suffering from cancer cachexia. The present disclosure is also directed to methods of administering such compositions.

Abstract: Described are methods for treating cancers, e.g., glioblastoma, including administering an inhibitor of Notch signalling, e.g., a gamma secretase inhibitor, in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent.

Abstract: Compositions for the promotion of muscle protein synthesis and control of tumor-induced weight loss in patients that are, for example, suffering from cancer cachexia, and methods of administering such compositions.

Abstract: This disclosure concerns the discovery of the use of fenoterol and (R,R)- and (R,S)-fenoterol analogues for the treatment of a tumor expressing a ?2-adrenergic receptor, such as a primary brain tumor, including a glioblastoma or astrocytoma expressing a ?2-adrenergic receptor. In one example, the method includes administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of fenoterol, a specific fenoterol analogue or a combination thereof to reduce one or more symptoms associated with the tumor, thereby treating the tumor in the subject.

Abstract: This application provides compositions and methods useful in the treatment of certain cancers. In part, this application is based on the recognition that certain molecules that target abasic lesions or AP sites in DNA improve, augment, or potentiate the chemotherapeutic efficacy of certain anticancer agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system presenting site-specific accumulation through a ligand that specifically targets a receptor overexpressed on the surface of specific cells within a target organ, like, for example, tumor cells and/or vascular cells of tumor blood vessels. Moreover, this invention provides a method where, upon internalization of the previous-mentioned system by the target cells, triggered release at a high rate of the associated agent takes place, permitting efficient intracellular delivery and, thus, increased concentration of the transported cargo at the target site. Overall, this invention provides a method for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of human diseases and disorders.

Abstract: Methods for treating a patient at risk for or diagnosed with colorectal cancer are disclosed herein. The method of the present invention determines the overall expression of MSH3 in cells suspected of being colorectal cancer cells from the patient and predicting the efficacy of therapy with a genotoxic anti-neoplastic agent for treating the patient, wherein a decrease in the overall expression of MSH3 in the patient cells when compared to the expression of MSH3 in normal colorectal cells indicates a predisposition to responsiveness to genotoxic anti-neoplastic agent therapy, wherein the therapy comprises administering an effective amount of the genotoxic anti-neoplastic agent therapy to patients.

Abstract: Particles providing prolonged release of chemotherapy are injected or implanted into surgical sites in the breast following removal of cancerous tissue. In one embodiment, the particles are designed to not release formulation for approximately two to three weeks after surgery so as to not inhibit healing; in another embodiment particles are not administered until two to three weeks after surgery, and release immediately. The particles then release an effective amount of a chemotherapeutic such as a taxane to inhibit proliferation of any remaining cancer cells at or near the surgical site. This may also help prevent overproliferation leading to scarring with the surgical region.

Abstract: This application provides compositions and methods useful in the treatment of certain cancers. In part, this application is based on the recognition that certain molecules that target abasic lesions or AP sites in DNA improve, augment, or potentiate the chemotherapeutic efficacy of certain anticancer agents.

Abstract: The additive effect of combined intracranial carmustine (“BCNU”) with intracranial temozolomide (“TMZ”), and particularly in combination with radiation (“XRT”), in the treatment of two rat intracranial glioma models, the 9L gliosarcoma and the F98 glioma, demonstrates that local delivery of both drugs, especially in combination with radiation, is far more effective than delivery of either drug alone or one systemically and one locally, either with or without radiation. The triple therapy showed a significant improvement in survival when compared to controls (p=0.0004), local BCNU (p=0.0043), oral TMZ (p=0.0026), local TMZ (p=0.0105), and the combinations of either BCNU and XRT (p=0.0378) or oral TMZ and local BCNU (p=0.0154).

Abstract: Described herein are compositions useful in anticancer treatment and prevention. The compositions are composed of (a) a dithiocarbamate metal chelate and (b) an amphiphile, wherein the amount of amphiphile is sufficient to produce a liposome or micelle. Methods for using the compositions in anticancer treatment and prevention are also described herein.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for modulating HSP70 function, particularly for the targeted killing of cancer cells, are disclosed.

Abstract: Described are methods for treating cancers, e.g., glioblastoma, including administering an inhibitor of Notch signalling, e.g., a gamma secretase inhibitor, in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment of protozoal diseases by administering cytotoxic and/or cytostatic compounds, in particular those used in anticancer therapy, to patients. In particular, the invention relates to the use of anticancer agents that can penetrate into the CNS for treatment of late stage African sleeping sickness or cerebral malaria.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a magnetic nanocomposite for inhibiting/treating cancer and a method for fabricating the same. The magnetic nanocomposite comprises a core formed of a plurality of magnetic nanoparticles made of ferric ferrous oxide (Fe3O4); a shell made of a carboxy-functionalized polyaniline; and an anti-tumor medicine bound to the external surface of the shell. The method of the present invention fast fabricates the magnetic nanocomposite in a simple way. The medicine of the present invention has a longer half life and a better thermal stability. The present invention disperses the water-insoluble medicine in water uniformly to decrease the biological rejection. Moreover, the magnetic nanocomposite of the present invention is guided to the nidus by an external magnetic field to increase the local concentration of the medicine and provide an effective chemotherapy. Therefore, the present invention has competitive advantage over the conventional BCNU.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of detecting a cancer cell in an individual, methods of grading a cancer, and methods of treating a cancer. The methods involve use of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles that comprise a moiety that provides for selective association with, and/or metabolic uptake into, a cancer cell.

Abstract: Biodegradable resorbable drug delivery systems characterized by an electrospun biodegradable resorbable polymeric fiber matrix with at least one therapeutic agent incorporated into the fibers of the matrix, wherein the fiber matrix has an interfibrillar space of at least 65% by volume. Therapeutic methods for delivering a chemotherapeutic agent to body cavities from which a tumor has been excised and for strengthening weakened blood vessel walls are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides nanodevices or products of manufacture for use as drug delivery vehicles. In one aspect, the invention provides nanodevices or products of manufacture having on-off release mechanisms, e.g., that are “switchable”, or “actuatable” (for example magnetically or ultrasonically switchable), for compounds contained within, e.g., for use as drug delivery nano-vehicles having on-off drug release mechanisms, and their therapeutic applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multimeric, non-coding nucleic acid molecule for modulating the activity of the human or animal immune system, and to a production method therefor, and to a vaccine containing said multimeric, non-coding nucleic acid molecule. Said multimeric, non-coding nucleic acid molecules can be non-coding nucleic acid molecules that consist of at least two of said molecules (dimer) or assemblies of several non-coding nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: The application is based on the observation that tumor stem cell (TSC) replication involves a replicative intermediate configuration wherein a substantial fraction of the TSC genome is present as single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) when bell-shaped nuclei commence separation into two nuclei. During this replicative intermediate configuration large amounts of ssDNA are thus present in the nuclei of cells which the applicant proposes as target for anti-tumor therapy. A method of screening for anti-tumorigenic agents targeting ssDNA and use of such agents in therapy is claimed.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical preparations containing of agmatine, congeners, analogs or derivatives thereof for use in preventing or treating epilepsy, seizures and other electroconvulsive disorders are provided. Embodiments include administering an effective amount of agmatine, an agmatine analog or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a human subject in need of treatment or prevention of epilepsy, seizure or other electroconvulsive disorder to treat, reduce, or prevent the disorder in the subject.

Abstract: A submicron structure includes a silica body defining a plurality of pores that are suitable to receive molecules therein, the silica body further defining an outer surface between pore openings of said plurality of pores; and a plurality of anionic molecules attached to the outer surface of the silica body. The anionic molecules provide hydrophilicity to the submicron structure and are suitable to provide repulsion between other similar submicron structures, and the submicron structure has a maximum dimension less than one micron.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal triangulo compound. Provided is also a method of inducing apoptosis in a cell that comprises administering the metal triangulo compound. Provided is also a method of preventing carcinogenesis in a cell that comprises administering the metal triangulo compound.

Abstract: Novel indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors, compositions comprising the same, and methods of use thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention involves the use of 2,4-disulfonyl phenyl tert-butyl nitrone (2,4-ds-PBN) in the treatment and prevention of gliomas. The 2,4-ds-PBN may be used alone or combined with other traditional chemo- and radiotherapies and surgery, to treat or prevent glioma occurrence, recurrence, spread, growth, metastasis, or vascularization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for treating cancer, by administering a combination comprising a jasmonate derivative (e.g., methyl jasmonate or a compound of any of formulae I through VII or any of the jasmonate derivatives exemplified by such formulae) and at least one other agent selected from a chemotherapeutic agent (e.g., a nitroso-urea, a platinum compound, a taxane derivative, an antitumor antibiotic) and an inhibitor of glycolysis (e.g., 2-deoxy-D-glucose). The jasmonate derivative and the at least one other agent together provide a therapeutic effect, which is preferably synergistic (cooperative).

Abstract: The present invention relates to 21-deoxymacbecin analogues that are useful, e.g. in the treatment of cancer, B-cell malignancies, malaria, fungal infection, diseases of the central nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases, diseases dependent on angiogenesis, autoimmune diseases or as a prophylactic pretreatment for cancer. The present invention also provides methods for the production of these compounds and their use in medicine, in particular in the treatment and or prophylaxis of cancer or B-cell malignancies.

Abstract: An injectable polymer-lipid blend is provided as a localized drug delivery system for a pharmaceutically active agent. The blend may be prepared from a chitosan-based material, fatty acid and phospholipid. The chitosan-based material may be a water soluble chitosan derivative. The fatty acid may be a fatty acid or a fatty aldehyde, such as laurinaldehyde, having an acyl chain length of C8-C16. The rheological properties of the blend relates to the ratio of the components and to the acyl chain length of the fatty acid. The injectable system is well suited for the delayed release of pharmaceutically active agents in the treatment of cancer and other diseases requiring localized drug delivery.

Abstract: Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase, ways to make them and methods of treating patients using them are disclosed.

Abstract: The small particle liposome aerosol compounds and methods of treatment of the present invention involve lipid- or water soluble anti-cancer drugs incorporated into liposomes. The liposomes are administered in aqueous dispersions from a jet nebulizer to the respiratory tract of an individual. Various anti-cancer drugs may be used, including 20-S-Camptothecin, 9-Nitro-camptothecin, 9-Amino-camptothecin, 10, 11-methylenedioxy-camptothecin and taxol or its derivatives. Administration of these drugs by inhalation provides faster and more efficient absorption of the anticancer drug than does intramuscular administration or oral administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compound N-4-nitrophenyl-N?-4?-nitrophenylurea as a urease and ?-chymotrypsin (anti HCV) enzyme inhibitory drug named “Urchym”. N-4-nitrophenyl-N?-4?-nitrophenylurea is prepared and screened for their urease and ?-chymotrypsin inhibition effects, the said compound, showed strong urease inhibition (IC50=1.25 ?M). We found, that the same compound is also an efficient ?-chymotrypsin inhibitor having an IC50 value of 3.15 ?M.

Abstract: Peptides have been discovered which are capable of binding to and internalizing with the human transferrin receptor (hTfR). The sequences HAIYPRH (Seq. ID No. 1) and THRPPMWSPVWP (Seq. ID No. 2) are capable of binding to and internalizing with the human transferrin receptor. When these molecules were fused with other molecules, the fusion product was internalized in cells expressing hTfR. The sequences have use for targeting other peptides and proteins into cells expressing hTfR.

Abstract: Nanoparticles made from a select group of lipids and optionally containing a therapeutically active agent are employed in pharmaceutical compositions for delivery to targeted tissues and/or cells for the treatment or diagnosis of such diseases as cancer.

Abstract: Nanoparticles made from a select group of lipids and optionally containing a therapeutically active agent are employed in pharmaceutical compositions for delivery to targeted tissues and/or cells for the treatment or diagnosis of such diseases as cancer.

Abstract: Cosmetic and dermatological preparations having an effective content of bile acids, their salts and/or their derivatives, it being possible for said active ingredients to be present either individually or as a mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for the facile perfusion of a tissue with active agents following direct intra-tissue injection. Targets may consist of cells, cellular components, and/or extracellular components. The high perfusion efficiency permits high concentrations of active agents to be delivered to tissue targets resulting in high degrees of efficacy and in some instances the production of novel pharmacological activities of an active agent previously unknown or previously unattainable in vivo.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for treating diseases associated with abnormal cell proliferation such as cancer by storing inherent tumor-suppressing functions of neoplastic cells through DNA hypomethylation. The method comprises: delivering to a patient suffering from cancer a therapeutically effective amount of a DNA methylation inhibitor such as decitabine, in combination with an effective amount of an anti-neoplastic agent whose activity as an anti-neoplastic agent in vivo is adversely affected by aberrant DNA methylation. The anti-neoplastic agent can be an alkylating agent, an antibiotic agent, an antimetabolic agent, a retinoid, a hormonal agent, a plant-derived agent, an anti-angiogenesis agent and a biologic agent such as monoclonal antibody and interferon.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with combinations of a farnesyl transferase inhibitor and two or more further anti-cancer agents for inhibiting the growth of tumor cells and useful in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to novel compositions and methods for the treatment of certain cancers. Additionally, this invention relates to novel compositions and methods to screen drugs for the treatment of certain cancers. Specifically, the invention contemplates that temozolomide and methoxyamine, in combination or in sequence, shall be used as a treatment for certain tumors that are resistant to treatment by temozolomide alone. Additionally, methoxyamine is contemplated for methods of treatment of cancer, wherein methoxyamine is used, in combination or in sequence, with other anticancer drugs or agents.

Abstract: Compounds which are &agr;-halogenoacryloyl distamycin derivatives of formula (I) wherein R1 is a bromine or chlorine atom; R2 is a distamycin or distamycin-like framework as set forth in the specification; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; are cytotoxic agents particularly effective in the treatment of tumors over expressing GSH/GSTs system and which are poorly responsive or even resistant to conventional antitumor therapies.

Abstract: Glucocorticoid blockers, including glucocorticoid receptor antagonists, are effective to prevent glucocorticoid-induced decrease in permeability of the blood-brain barrier and to increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Administration of glucocorticoid blockers, including glucocorticoid receptor antagonists, concomitant with administration of drugs for treating diseases of the central nervous system increases delivery of such drugs into the central nervous system.

Abstract: The inventors have discovered that hematologic disorders, e.g., both neoplastic (hematologic cancers) and non-neoplastic conditions, can be treated by the induction of mixed chimerism using myeloreductive, but not myeloablative, conditioning. Methods of the invention reduce GVHD, especially GVHD associated with mismatched allogeneic or xenogeneic donor tissue, yet provide, for example, significant graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect and the like.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using non-peptidic cyclophilin-binding compounds in medical conditions involving breakdown of mitochondrial energy metabolism induced by calcium overload, in treating alopecia and promoting hair growth, in treating infections with filarial and helmintic parasites, and in treating and preventing infections with the human immunodeficiency virus.

Abstract: The invention relates to use of (a) compounds of phosphorus containing at least partly lipophilic organic radicals together with (b) urea and/or urea derivatives in selected quantity ratios of (a) to (b) as a soil additive for biologically controlling plant-parasitic soil nematodes by strengthening the correspondingly antagonistic soil potential, more particularly by strengthening the growth of antagonistic and/or nematicidal rhizosphere bacteria and/or corresponding mycorrhiza strains—and at the same time strengthening the growth of cultivated plants in soil. The multicomponent mixtures which strengthen bacterial growth are preferably introduced into the region of the plant roots in the form of an aqueous preparation using plant-compatible emulsifiers before and/or during plant growth. Components (a) and (b) are used in such quantity ratios that the ratio by weight of C to N is no higher than 6:1 and preferably no higher than 5:1.