Abstract: This disclosure demonstrates that inhibition of Sirt5 can suppress malignant transformation of cells. Therefore, methods of treating cancer based on inhibition of Sirt5 are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and nutritional compositions for stimulating the immune system, particularly in subjects with an impaired immune system such as 5 infants, said method comprising administering a composition comprising sheep milk and/or short chain oligosaccharides.

Abstract: A method of treatment of a human or non-human subject to combat mucosal hyperviscosity in the respiratory tract, which method includes application to a mucosal surface in the tract in the subject of an effective amount of a physiologically tolerable oligouronate. Related compositions containing physiologically tolerable oligouronates are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a topical composition, in particular a cosmetic and/or dermatological composition, to be used for preventing and/or treating stretch marks, including, in a physiologically acceptable medium, an effective amount of at least one synthetic polysulfated oligosaccharide having 1 to 4 glycose units, the salts thereof, and/or the derivatives thereof. The invention also relates to a cosmetic method, in particular for treating stretch marks, including at least one step of applying said composition to the skin.

Abstract: The use of a pharmaceutical regimen to deter in an individual, as the individual ages, the development of a cardiovascular disease (CVD) or Alzheimer's disease or to treat an individual who has CVD or Alzheimer's, the individual ingesting on a daily basis a regimen comprising pharmaceutically effective amounts of magnesium salicylate and naproxen, the amount of the magnesium salicylate being no greater than about 260 mg, and also the use of a pharmaceutical regimen to treat an individual who has Type 2 diabetes, the regimen being ingested daily by the individual and comprising pharmaceutically effective amounts of at least one glucose-lowering drug and magnesium salicylate in an amount no greater than about 260 mg.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a fluid for peritoneal dialysis with satisfactory body fluid removability, high biocompatibility, and improved storage stability, and the object is attained by a fluid for peritoneal dialysis containing one or more saccharides selected from cyclonigerosylnigerose, cyclomaltosylmaltose, and L-ascorbic acid 2-glucoside.

Abstract: Compositions which include a homotrimer, heterotrimer, homotetramer, and/or heterotetramer of a component such as pentose, hexose, an L or D isomer of a pentose or hexose, a ?-form of a pentose or hexose, oxidized derivatives and mixtures of such compounds are disclosed as agglutination agents. The disclosed compositions are useful for agglutination of enteric pathogens and may be used for selectively controlling and regulating the microbial ecosystem in the gastrointestinal tract of a subject.

Abstract: The present application provides a pharmaceutical composition for use in inhibiting recurrence, aggravation or metastasis of liver cancer, in which the pharmaceutical composition comprises at least one compound having a structure of formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I): wherein A1, A2, A3 and A4 are independently of one another C—H, C—R5, or nitrogen; B1—B2—B3—B4 is —CH2—C?N—CH2—, —CH2—N—CH2—CH2—, —CH2—C?CH-0- or —CH?C—CH2-0-; G1 is oxygen or sulfur; L is a single bond or C1-C8alkylene; R1 is hydrogen, C1-C8alkyl, C1-C8alkylcarbonyl-, C1-C8alkoxy, C2-C8alkenyl, C2-C8alkynyl, C1-C8alkoxy-C1-C8alkyl, aryl or aryl substituted by one to three R6, or R1 is heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl substituted by one to three R6 or C1-C8alkoxycarbonyl-; R2 is hydrogen, C1-C8haloalkyl or C1-C8alkyl; R3 is C1-C8haloalkyl; R4 is aryl or aryl substituted by one to three R6, or R4 is heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl substituted by one to three R6; Y1 is CR7R8, C?O or C?S; Y2, Y3 and Y4 are independently CR7R8, C=0, C?S, N—R9, O, S, SO or SO2; wherein at least two adjacent ring atoms in the ring formed by Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 are heteroatoms; each R7 and R8 is independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C8alkyl, or C1-C8haloalkyl; and R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 a

Abstract: The present invention relates to pyrrolidinone derivatives. The pyrrolidinone derivatives are GPR119 modulators and useful for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia and related disorders. The invention furthermore relates to the use of pyrrolidinone derivatives as active ingredients in pharmaceuticals, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.

Abstract: A carbohydrate mixture for dietetic foods and pharmaceuticals is provided. The carbohydrate mixture comprises two different, substantially soluble carbohydrate components A and B, which remain undigested in the gastrointestinal tract and enter the large intestine without being resorbed. Carbohydrate component A may comprise at least one monosaccharide or of at least one oligosaccharide (disaccharide to hexasaccharide) or a mixture of two or more of these saccharides. Carbohydrate component B may comprise a polysaccharide (from heptasaccharide onwards) or a mixture of two or more polysaccharides. Carbohydrate component A=5 to 95 wt-% and carbohydrate component B=5 to 95 wt-% of the sum of the carbohydrate components A+B (=100 wt-%), and at least 80 wt-% of the carbohydrates/saccharides of both carbohydrate components have a prebiotic effect. The carbohydrate mixtures have not only a nutritive effect but they also stimulate health-promoting microorganisms present in the natural flora of the large intestine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a veterinary composition for intramammary administration comprising a combination of an antibacterial agent and a Toll-Like-Receptor (TLR) agonist and to the use of said composition for the treatment of mastitis in lactating ruminants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition and uses thereof for treatment of damaged tissue comprising at least one essential amino acid in L form and at least one essential lipid; wherein the composition is administered to a mammal suffering from severe tissue damage. The invention further relates to a composition and uses thereof comprising the mixture of one or more free L-amino acids in which the molar ratio of the free L-amino acids corresponds to the molar ratio of amino components in a mammalian tissue protein; and at least one essential lipid.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treatment of a female human or non-human subject to enhance cervical mucus penetrability by spermatozoa, which method comprises vaginally applying to said subject an effective amount of a spermicide-free, physiologically tolerable oligouronate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel family of alkylated halogenated di- and trisaccharides which exhibit pharmaceutical efficacy in the areas of permeation enhancers, anti-microbial effects, anti-fugal effects, facilitation of diagnostic procedures. The invention further includes methods of treatment and diagnostic kits.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a mixture of human milk oligosaccharides is disclosed. The method involves the catalytic hydrogenolysis of compounds of the general formula 1 and 2. The use of compounds of general formula 1 and 2 in the manufacture of human milk oligosaccharides is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising 1.a and/or 1.b according to claim 1 in combination with at least one second therapeutic agent 2 which is suitable in the treatment or prevention of one or more conditions selected from type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and hyperglycemia. In addition the present invention relates to methods for preventing or treating of metabolic disorders and related conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods of their production and use, including use in increasing de-N-acetyl sialic acid antigen of a mammalian cell and methods that exploit the increase in deNAc sialic acid antigen on such cells.

Abstract: The present invention has objects to provide a method for inhibiting the formation of volatile aldehydes and/or the decomposition of fatty acids and use thereof. These objects are attained by establishing a method which comprises incorporating an ?-oligoglucosyl ?,?-trehalose(s) to a target product to inhibit the formation of volatile aldehydes per se and/or the decomposition of fatty acids per se in fatty acid-containing products; an inhibitory agent for inhibiting the formation of volatile aldehydes and/or the decomposition of fatty acids, which contains an ?-oligoglucosyl ?,?-trehalose(s) as an effective ingredient; and use thereof to thereby obtain various compositions such as food products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and their materials and intermediates each having a high quality and stability.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide an ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition, particularly, an ophthalmic solution, ophthalmic ointment, ophthalmic wash, intraocular infusion solution, wash for anterior chamber, internal medicine, injection, or preservative for extracted cornea, which has improved therapeutic and/or prophylactic effects on the swelling, edema and walleye/cloudiness in the lens and/or the cornea induced by ophthalmic diseases including cataract and which is safe and successively used for a relatively long period of time. The present invention solves the above object by providing an ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition incorporated with a saccharide having a basic structure consisting of four glucose molecules bound together in a cyclic manner via a specific binding fashion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of inhibiting the cytotoxic activity of extracellular histones in a subject, comprising administering an effective amount of a polyanion to the subject. In particular the invention relates to a method for the treatment of patients who are suffering from sepsis and employs polyanions to rapidly form complexes with and thus neutralize or inhibit the cytotoxic activity of extracellular histone proteins, for example, those found in the blood circulation of sepsis patients.

Abstract: A method of treating a subject in need of therapy for a condition involving detrimental activity of the enzyme core 2 GlcNAc-T is provided, comprising administration of a therapeutically effective amount of an inhibitor of core 2 GlcNAc-T of formula I to a patient in need thereof wherein: R1 is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 hydroxyalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy or C1-6-alkoxy-C1-6-alkyl; R2 is H, —OH or C1-6 alkoxy; S1 and S2 are independently selected saccharide moieties; and Z is a steroid moiety; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ether or ester thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a preparation comprising sulfated oligosaccharides which trap spermine or spermidine or both, as an active slimming ingredient in a cosmetic, pharmaceutical and/or nutraceutical composition. One of the objectives of the invention is to supply a cosmetic, pharmaceutical or nutraceutical composition with a slimming effect.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel moenomycin analogs as well as pharmaceutical compositions thereof, methods of synthesis, and methods of use in treating an infection by administering an inventive compound to a subject in need thereof. The moenomycin analogs may be prepared synthetically, biosynthetically, or semi-synthetically. The analogs are particularly useful in treating or preventing infections caused by Gram-positive organisms. Certain inventive compounds may have a broader spectrum of coverage, which includes Gram-negative organisms.

Abstract: Disclosed are an aryl glycoside compound as represented by formula I or formular I?, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, optical isomer thereof or a prodrug thereof. The present invention relates to a method of preparing said aryl glycoside compound and the use thereof The aryl glycoside compound of the present invention has an excellent ability on inhibit SGLT activity, especially SGLT2 activity, and is diabetes-fighting medicine with great potential.

Abstract: Fructosylated puerarin being converted from puerarin by a bioconversion method conducted in an aqueous phase or nonaqueous phase system, including monofructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin, bifructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin, trifructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin, tetrafructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin and pentafructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin. Tests have shown that the oligosaccharylated puerarin is effective to treat acute myocardial ischemia, and can markedly suppress in vitro the proliferation of human breast cancer cell strain MDA-MB-23 and human chronmyelogenors leukemia cell strain K562, and it has a low toxicity.

Abstract: The invention provides formulations comprising isolated Disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT) or variants, isomers, analogs and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A nutritional composition for administration to an infant which composition comprises, on a dry matter basis, from 2.5 to 15.0 wt % of an oligosaccharide mixture consisting of N-acetylated oligosaccharide(s), galacto-oligosaccharide(s) and sialylated oligosaccharide(s) with the proviso that the composition comprises at least 0.02 wt % of an N-acetylated oligosaccharide, at least 2.0 wt % of a galacto-oligosaccharide and at least 0.04 wt % of a sialylated oligosaccharide and that the N-acetylated oligosaccharide(s) comprise 0.5 to 4.0% of the oligosaccharide mixture, the galacto-oligosaccharide(s) comprise 92.0 to 98.5% of the oligosaccharide mixture and the sialylated oligosaccharide(s) comprise 1.0 to 4.0% of the oligosaccharide mixture. The composition is useful for administration to an infant in the first six months of life to reduce the risk of obesity later in life.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical combination comprising the compound of formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in combination with at least one second therapeutic agent 2. The pharmaceutical combination of the invention is suitable in the treatment or prevention of one or more conditions selected from type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and hyperglycemia. In addition the present invention relates to methods for preventing or treating of metabolic disorders and related conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel family of alkylated halogenated di- and trisaccharides which exhibit pharmaceutical efficacy in the areas of permeation enhancers, anti-microbial effects, anti-fugal effects, facilitation of diagnostic procedures. The invention further includes methods of treatment and diagnostic kits.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to analogs of aminoglycoside compounds as well as their preparation and use as prophylactic or therapeutics against microbial infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for enhancing the immune system and the treatment and/or prevention of immune system related disorders in a mammal, particularly newborns, said method comprising the administration of acid oligosaccharide and neutral oligosaccharide. Food compositions suitable for use in the above method are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel aminoglycoside antibiotics, which have potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria, which induce infectious diseases, particularly MRSA, and has no significant nephrotoxicity, and process for producing them. More particularly, the present invention relates to compounds represented by formula (Ia) or their pharmacologically acceptable salts or solvates, or their diastereomer mixtures, antimicrobial agents comprising them, and a process for producing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for activating mitochondria which contains a chitooligosaccharide as an active constituent. The chitooligosaccharide can increase the activity of mitochondrial enzymes and increase the amount of mitochondrial DNA, and thus it can be suitably used as an active constituent in the composition for activating mitochondria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydrogels endowed with antibacterial properties, to be used for injection in damaged bones or in the production of antibacterial coatings of prostheses for implant in the human or animal body, obtained by loading with antibacterial agents hydrogels formed by derivatives of hyaluronic acid; the invention also relates to a kit of parts for producing the antibacterial hydrogels.

Abstract: Compounds having antibacterial activity are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I) or (II): including stereoisomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein Q1, Q2, Q3, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A glycodendrimer comprising: a) a non-toxic dendrimer polypropyletherimine core supporting 16 terminal carboxylic acid groups, and b) conjugated to said core 2, 3, 4 or 5 glucosamine molecules, wherein each glucosamine is linked directly through a zero length amide bond with a residue of a terminal carboxylic acid group. The invention also extends to defined populations comprising said glycodendrimer molecules, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said molecules or populations, process for preparing the molecules and formulations, and therapeutic uses of the molecules, populations and compositions.

Abstract: The various embodiments herein provide a nano silicon carrier as a drug delivery mechanism. The nano silicon carrier comprises a diatom frustules loaded with a drug molecule to be released at the target site. The diatom frustules are of Hannaea arcus and Navicula inflexa species of diatom. The pore size of the diatom frustules is 1 to 100 nm. The diatom frustules are comb-like in structure. The diatom frustules are in the form of powdered diatomaceous earth. The drug delivery mechanism described in the embodiments herein is a controlled release mechanism. The nano silicon carrier described in the embodiments herein is also used for delivery of pesticides and herbicides in plants. The nano silicon carrier described in the embodiments herein is also used in hormone waste water treatment.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (A) and (B) are described herein and the uses thereof for the treatment of diseases, conditions and/or disorders mediated by sodium-glucose transporter inhibitors (in particular, SGLT2 inhibitors).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a substance with the core structure of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture of a composition for the treatment of insulin resistance or diseases associated with insulin resistance, preferably in human subject in a daily dosage in a range of from about 5 mg to about 1500 mg. The invention furthermore relates to a method of treating insulin resistance or diseases associated with insulin resistance in a mammal, said method comprises administering to said mamma, preferably a human subject, a substance with the core structure of formula (I), preferably in a daily dosage in a range from about 5 mg to about 1500 mg. The substance is preferably isosteviol or steviol, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or prodrugs thereof. Examples of diseases associated with insulin resistance and e.g.

Abstract: The present invention provides non-anticoagulant sulfated or sulfonated polysaccharides (NASPs), which accelerate the blood clotting process. Also provided are pharmaceutical formulations comprising a NASP of the invention in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and, in various embodiments, these formulations are unit dosage formulations. The invention provides a NASP formulation, which is orally bioavailable. Also provided are methods for utilizing the compounds and formulations of the invention to promote blood clotting in vivo as therapeutic and prophylactic agents and in vitro as an aid to studies of the blood clotting process.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of use for compounds in treating, reducing the incidence, reducing the severity or pathogenesis of an intestinal disease or condition in a subject, including, inter alia, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to 3-[4-(phenylaminooxalylamino)phenyl]hex-4-ynoic acids, and to physiologically compatible salts thereof. The invention relates to compounds of the formula I in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each defined as specified, and to physiologically compatible salts thereof. The compounds are suitable, for example, for treatment of diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polymorphs of the trisaccharide 2?-O-fucosyllactose (2-FL) of formula (1), methods for producing said polymorphs and their use in pharmaceutical or nutritional compositions.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for treating symptoms associated with lactose intolerance and for overall improvement in gastrointestinal health. Described herein are methods and compositions for improving overall gastrointestinal health or for decreasing symptoms of lactose intolerance by administering to subject in need thereof a prebiotic composition, optionally in combination with effective amount of a probiotic microbe or microbes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to azolopyridin-3-one derivatives of the general formula (I) with the meanings specified in the description, to their pharmaceutically usable salts and to their use as drug substances.

Abstract: This invention relates to a synthetic nutritional composition suitable for use in the prevention of secondary infections following a viral infection characterised by neuraminidase activity comprising a sialylated oligosaccharide and N-acetyl-lactosamine and/or an oligosaccharide containing N-acetyl-lactosamine. The invention further extends to the use of such a composition in the prevention of secondary infections such as otitis media.

Abstract: Use of an adsorbent and a sealed package (e.g. an overwrap) to protect a pharmaceutical product in a solid state in the presence of a reducing sugar.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for the treatment of otic diseases or conditions with antimicrobial agent compositions and formulations administered locally to an individual afflicted with an otic disease or condition, through direct application of these compositions and formulations onto or via perfusion into the targeted auris structure(s).

Abstract: An NK1 receptor antagonist composition of the present invention uses maltooligosaccharide having an NK1 receptor antagonistic activity as an active ingredient. A suitable amount of the maltooligosaccharide to be blended in the NK1 receptor antagonist composition of the present invention is 0.000001 to 70% by weight. The NK1 receptor antagonist composition of the present invention is prepared for use into various forms of external agents, internal medicines, foods and beverages by blending various materials as the ingredients other than the active ingredient. The NK1 receptor antagonist composition of the present invention has high safety for being used for pharmaceuticals and has satisfactory therapeutic effects.