Abstract: Disclosed is a novel synthetic method for isomeric peptides through an appropriate linkage of L-selenomethionine or Se-Methyl-L-selenocysteine with L-glutamic acid. The novel synthetic method produces isomeric peptides of L-selenomethionine or Se-Methyl-L-selenocysteine that exhibit (i) enhanced water solubility; (ii) enhanced rate of dissolution in water; (iii) enhanced bioavailability; (iv) excellent vascular endothelial growth factor promoting activity; (v) excellent anti-5-alpha-reductase activity; (vi) capabilities to prevent/reduce “hair fall” and promote “hair growth”, thereby maintaining a perfect homeostasis for “hair care”. Cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the isomeric peptides obtained through an appropriate linkage of L-selenomethionine or Se-Methyl-L-selenocysteine with L-glutamic acid are also disclosed. Other dipeptides with several other amino acids and uses thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: Materials and methods, for preparation of coatings based on titanium dioxide for osteointegrated biomedical prostheses. The coatings may comprise nanomaterials having antibacterial properties. For example, an endo-osseous implant is provided with a coating comprised of nanocrystalline material comprising nanoparticles of formula (I) (L-Men+)i,??(I) where AOx represents TiO2 or ZrO2; Men+ is a metallic ion having antibacterial activity, with n=1 or 2; L is a bi functional organic molecule which can simultaneously bind to the metal oxide and to the metallic ion Men+, and i is the number of L-Men+ groups bound to one nanoparticle of AOx.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanomaterials comprised of metal oxides associated with cationic metals having antibacterial activity. In particular, the present invention relates to nanocrystalline compounds of formula (I): AOx-(L-Men+) i, (I) where AOx represents the metal oxide or metalloid oxide, with x=1 or 2; Me11“1” is a metal ion having antibacterial activity, with n=1 or 2; L is a bifunctional molecule, either organic or organometallic, capable of binding simultaneously with the metal oxide or metalloid oxide and the metal ion Men+; and i represents the number of L-Men+groups bound to a AOx nanoparticle.

Abstract: Use of a polylysine, polyamidoamine or polypropylenimine dendrimer having naphthyl disulphonate terminal groups as a topically applied agent in prophylaxis or treatment of sexually transmitted diseases.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting cancer cell growth using HDAC10 inhibitors are provided. Methods of treating cancer in a subject using HDAC10 inhibitors are also provided. In certain embodiments, at least one second inhibitor selected from an autophagy inhibitor, an AMPK inhibitor, and methyl pyruvate is also used in the methods. Dose packs comprising HDAC10 inhibitors and at least one second inhibitor are provided. Methods of identifying HDAC10 inhibitors are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method to induce fatty liver in an animal. The steps of the method comprise: feeding an animal with a high calorie diet, and injecting a mitochondrial inhibitor into the animal to inhibit the mitochondrial activity of the animal, then resulting in fat accumulation and inflammation in the liver of the animal.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter relates to nitric oxide-releasing particles for delivering nitric oxide, and their use in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.

Abstract: Methods for preparing tritium or deuterium labeled thiorphan comprising reacting a compound of formula j wherein m is from 1 to 5 and X is halo, with Z2 wherein Z is tritium or deuterium, in the presence of a catalyst, to form a compound of formula k wherein n is from 1 to 5, provided that n is less than or equal to m.

Abstract: Methods for treating or preventing metabolic dysregulation of adipocytes resulting from HIV-1 infection or chronic inflammation are disclosed. The compositions contain a conjugated fatty acid, a thiol-containing compound and a bioavailable form of trivalent chromium.

Abstract: The present invention provides various biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease, including biomarkers for Crohn's disease and biomarkers for Ulcerative colitis. The present invention also provides various methods of using the biomarkers, including methods for diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, methods for distinguishing between inflammatory bowel diseases, methods of determining predisposition to inflammatory bowel disease, methods of monitoring progression/regression of inflammatory bowel disease, methods of assessing efficacy of compositions for treating inflammatory bowel disease, methods of screening compositions for activity in modulating biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease, methods of treating inflammatory bowel disease, as well as other methods based on biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous solution containing at least one species selected from the group consisting of a 1:1 molar complex of TeO2 with a moiety of formula (A) and ammonium salts thereof: HO—X—OH ??(A) where X is an optionally substituted divalent saturated hydrocarbon group containing 2-8 carbon atoms in the chain connecting the two OH groups; and its use for stimulating cells to produce cytokines and for treating mammalian diseases and conditions responsive to increased production of cytokines. The complex may be used also for treating mammalian cancer which is not responsive to increased production of cytokines.

Abstract: This invention relates to a group of compounds for repelling blood-feeding ectoparasitic arthropods, and a method of deterring their landing and feeding on animals including humans, by applying in one or more formulations compounds that incorporate one or more sulfide and one or more hydroxyl groups to the skin, clothing or environment of animals, including humans. A method of repelling and deterring landing and feeding by blood-feeding arthropods on an animal by applying in effective amount one or more compounds that incorporate alkyl sulfide and alcohol moieties, or alkyl sulfide and amide moieties, or alkyl sulfide and amide moieties to the skin, clothing or environment of an animal.

Abstract: Compositions for treating or preventing fat maldistribution or hyperlipidemia resulting from anti-retroviral treatment of HIV-1 infection are disclosed. The compositions contain a conjugated fatty acid or alcohol and at least one member selected from the group consisting of a thiol-containing compound and a bioavailable form of trivalent chromium. Methods of treating a subject suffering from HIV-associated fat maldistribution or hyperlipidemia by administering a composition that includes a conjugated fatty acid or conjugated fatty alcohol and at least one member selected from the group consisting of a thiol-containing compound and a bioavailable form of trivalent chromium are similarly provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method to induce fatty liver in an animal. The steps of the method comprise: feeding an animal with a high calorie diet, and injecting a mitochondrial inhibitor into the animal to inhibit the mitochondrial activity of the animal, then resulting in fat accumulation and inflammation in the liver of the animal.

Abstract: An object is to provide a novel therapeutic drug for adult T-cell leukemia having an ATL cell specific antitumor effect. The therapeutic drug for adult T-cell leukemia according to the invention is characterized by containing a compound represented by the formula I or a prodrug thereof, wherein R1 is H, OH, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, or a thioacyl group, R2 is an acyl group, a thioacyl group, CONR7R8, or CSNR7R8 (R7 and R8 being each independently H, an alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group), or R1 and R2 together may form a ring, X1 and X2 may be the same or different and are each —CR3R4—, —SiR3R4— or oxygen, and R3 and R4 may be the same or different and are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided are methods of treating HIV patients by administering to the patient a nutrient composition and at least one anti-retrovial drug. The method results in an increase in the patient's CD4+ cell count by at least 25% during a treatment period. The nutrient composition includes alpha lipoic acid; acetyl L-carnitine; N-acetyl-cysteine; zinc; selenium; vitamin C; bioflavinoid complex; vitamin E; one or more antioxidants selected from co-enzyme Q10 and glutathione; and one or more vitamins or minerals selected from beta-carotene, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, niacinamide, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, vitamin B12, copper, manganese, chromium, and molybdenum.

Abstract: Patients having a disease associated with high level of thioredoxin system activity or a requirement for nitric oxide, e.g. large cell lymphoma or restenosis, are treated with a thioredoxin reductase inhibitor, e.g. auranofin or arsenic trioxide, and a nitric oxide donating compound, e.g. isosorbide mononitrite or isosorbide dinitrite or nitroglycerin or S-nittrosothiol. Patients having a disease associated with nitric oxide synthase overexpression or increased activity, e.g. Parkinson's disease or septic shock or pancreatic cancer, are treated with Trx/Trx reductase upregulator, e.g. aptamer that binds to thioredoxin reductase inhibitor, and agent causing depletion of nitric oxide (or adduct thereof), e.g. L-NMMA or L-NAME or minocycline or ascorbate or N-acetylcysteine.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel stable, liquid compositions comprising chalcogenides or salts thereof. These compositions may be used for a variety of purposes, including the treatment and prevention of ischemic or hypoxic injury, as well as in the preservation of biological matter.

Abstract: The invention described herein features methods, compositions, and kits for the use of activators of PKM2 for the treatment, prevention, or amelioration of diseases related to PKM2 function, including, e.g., cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, restenosis, obesity, autoimmune disorders, and proliferative disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a preparation comprising a substance that is capable of binding acetaldehyde, and to the use of a filter that is attached to a tobacco product to reduce tobacco and/or alcohol dependence.

Abstract: The instant disclosure describes methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The invention includes compositions and methods based on modulation angiotensin activity to stimulate or activate the formation of new nerve cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-bacterial, anti-virus, and anti-fungus composition, its preparation and use. The composition of the present invention mainly includes the following three ingredients in an adequate ratio: (A) a metal compound having a catalytic function; (B) ionic compound, and (C) an additive. The anti-bacterial, anti-virus, and anti-fungus composition of the present invention is capable of destroying viruses as well as killing bacterial and fungi. Therefore, the composition can be formulated as an aerosol and a film for applying to protection devices such as respirators, masks, gloves, filters, condoms, etc. The present composition can also be used in household, vehicle, hospital, school, restaurant, hotel, internet coffee shop for applying to filter of air-conditioner, tap, stool, interior of elevator and its keyboard.

Abstract: A compound containing an alkylene selenocyanate or an alkylene isoselenocyanate moiety effective to prevent the occurrence or progression of cancer or a precancerous condition. The compound can be provided and administered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic, a food additive, supplement, or the like. Methods for synthesis and use of the chemopreventive compound of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: The use of selenite- or selenate-containing preparations supplemented with pharmaceutically acceptable or food-compatible acids for the preparation of an agent intended for topical or buccal application or mucosal administration is described.

Abstract: A description is provided of new compounds of formula (A) and in particular the use of a compound of formula (A) or a mixture of two or more compounds of formula (A), wherein the thiol group of each compound of formula (A) independently of one another in each case is linked with the carbon atom in position 3, 4, 5 or 6, as a fragrance or flavor for imparting, modifying and/or intensifying one, two or all the smell and/or taste notes grapefruit, tropical fruits and blackcurrant Also described are fragrance and flavor compositions, preparations and methods.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the toxic effect of certain peptide toxins by administering an agent that directly or indirectly reduces disulfide bonds that are important for maintaining the toxin in an active conformation. Also described are compositions and methods for reducing the toxic effect of toxins that contain a heavy metal using an agent that destabilizes the binding of a metal ion that is important for toxin activity.

Abstract: Compounds for modulating RecA protein activity are provided. In some embodiments, the compounds modulate RecA activity by interfering with assembly of monomeric RecA protein subunits into a nucleoprotein filament. In some embodiments, the compounds modulate RecA activity by interfering with adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis by the RecA protein. Methods of screening for and methods of using the compounds are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, as well as to compositions, methods and kits comprising such compounds, for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, myofascial pain syndrome, Gulf War syndrome and related conditions, wherein the compound is a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor and/or a carbohydrate oxidation activator.

Abstract: The application is based on the observation that tumor stem cell (TSC) replication involves a replicative intermediate configuration wherein a substantial fraction of the TSC genome is present as single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) when bell-shaped nuclei commence separation into two nuclei. During this replicative intermediate configuration large amounts of ssDNA are thus present in the nuclei of cells which the applicant proposes as target for anti-tumor therapy. A method of screening for anti-tumorigenic agents targeting ssDNA and use of such agents in therapy is claimed.

Abstract: Polysaccharide nanoparticles that are particularly useful in for example drug and agent delivery, tissue-specific targeting, for medical imaging and diagnosis, as well as modifiers of physico-chemical properties. The nanoparticles can be highly-branched glucose homopolymers and can be characterized by a uniform spherical shape. They are monodisperse, hydrophilic and produce low solution viscosities. The nanoparticles are non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable. Also, the process of isolation of said polysaccharide nanoparticles from various organisms including, but not limited to, microorganisms such as bacteria and yeasts. Also provided are methods for chemical conjugation of the polysaccharide nanoparticles with various agents. Also provided are examples of use of the polysaccharide nanoparticles and their derivatives as drug delivery systems and fluorescent di-agnostics.

Abstract: A method of producing bronchorelaxation in the lungs of a human or animal affected by airway obstruction comprises administration of a pharmacologically effective amount to the body or to the intestine of said human or animal of an agent capable of binding mercury in elemental, ionic and/or organic form present in the body or in the intestinal lumen to enhance its excretion via the feces and/or the urine. A corresponding use of the agent and its use for the manufacture of a medicament are also disclosed.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides otoprotectant compositions useful for ameliorating hearing loss. In some embodiments, the otoprotective compositions comprise at least one glutathione peroxidase mimic. In some embodiments, the otoprotective compositions comprise at least one glutathione peroxidase mimic and at least one otoprotectant selected from the group consisting of a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and a glutathione or glutathione precursor. In some embodiments, the otoprotective compositions comprise at least one glutathione peroxidase mimic, at least one xanthine oxidase inhibitor, at least one glutathione or glutathione precursor. In another aspect, the present invention provides methods for ameliorating hearing loss by administering to a subject an amount of an otoprotective composition that is effective to ameliorate hearing loss.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions including surfactant peroxycarboxylic acid, methods for making these compositions, and methods for reducing the population of a microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to pest-controlling compositions comprising as active ingredients one or more ?-diones, particularly ?-diketones and ?-triketones, and to the use of these compositions inter alia for preventing, eradicating, destroying, repelling or mitigating harmful, annoying or undesired pests including insects, arachnids, helminths, molluscs, protozoa and viruses. The present invention is further directed to processes of preparing ?-diones by de novo synthesis or from natural sources such as volatile oil-bearing plants from families including Alliaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Cannabinaceae, Lamiaceae, Pteridaceae, Myrtaceae, Myoporaceae, Proteaceae, Rutaceae and Zingiberaceae.

Abstract: A bioadherent substrate includes a medical gel or medical gel precursor having a plurality of reactive members of a specific binding pair attached on or adapted to be attached to a surface of the medical gel, said reactive members being capable of forming covalent bonds with a plurality of complementary reactive members of the specific binding pair via a reaction selected from a Huisgen cycloaddition reaction, a Diels-Alder reaction and a thiol-ene reaction.

Abstract: A bioadherent composition includes a first mixture containing a plurality of reactive members of a specific binding pair, said reactive members being bound to a ligand capable of binding a receptor on biological tissue, and a second mixture containing a plurality of complementary reactive members of the specific binding pair, said complementary reactive members being bound to a ligand capable of binding a receptor on biological tissue, said reactive members capable of forming covalent bonds with said complementary reactive members via a reaction selected from Huisgen cycloaddition reactions, Diels-Alder reactions, and/or thiol-alkene reactions. A method for bonding biological tissue involves utilizing the bioadherent composition.

Abstract: A patient in need of nitroglycerin therapy is treated with nitroglycerin and agent that prevents inhibition of or reverses inhibition of mtALDH and/or the generation of reactive oxygen species from mitochondria, e.g., a mitochondrial antioxidant which is not a reducing agent or a dithiol, e.g., ebselen or uric acid. Nitroglycerin dosage can be regulated and inhibiting agent dosage can be regulated and tolerance postponed by monitoring blood level of active mtALDH and dosing in response to determined level of active mtALDH.

Abstract: Agents that stimulate nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein and the subsequent increases in gene products that detoxify and eliminate cytotoxic metabolites are provided in a method for treating diabetic retinopathy or drusen formation in age-related macular degeneration. The structurally diverse agents that act on the Nrf2/ARE pathway induce the expression of enzymes and proteins that possess chemically versatile cytoprotective properties and are a defense against toxic metabolites and xenobiotics. Agents include certain electrophiles and oxidants such as a Michael Addition acceptor, diphenol, thiocarbamate, quinone, 1,2-dithiole-3-thione, butylated hydroxyanisole, flavonoid other than genistein, an isothiocyanate, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, ethoxyquin, a coumarin, combinations thereof, or a pharmacologically active derivative or analog thereof.

Abstract: Improvements relating to skin dressing A skin dressing adapted, on activation, to generate one or more S-nitrosothiols by reaction between a thiol and a nitrate salt in the dressing, the skin dressing comprising a source of Cu2+, Zn2+ and/or Fe2+ ions for delivery of nitric oxide to a body site is provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel substituted pentafluorosulfanylbenzenes of the formula I: and/or salts thereof as claimed, for use as a synthetic intermediates for preparing medicaments, diagnostic aids, liquid crystals, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, nematicides, parasiticides, insecticides, acaricides, arthropodicides and polymers.

Abstract: ?-Aminoamide derivatives useful as antimigraine agents, particularly for the treatment of head pain conditions such as migraine, cluster headache or other severe headache, are disclosed. The antimigraine agents of the invention are able to reduce or even stop the pain deriving from such conditions without, virtually, any side effects.

Abstract: A novel medicament for treating neurodegenerative diseases, especially for ameliorating dyskinesia, comprising as an active ingredient selenoprotein P and/or a peptide fragment or a series of peptide fragments derived from said protein is provided. The novel medicament for treating neurodegenerative diseases, especially for ameliorating dyskinesia, according to the present invention is suitably applicable to diseases with decrease in motor function.

Abstract: A novel therapeutic agent or prophylactic agent for a demyelinating disease is provided. An amino alcohol derivative represented by the general formula (1), which is a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist, a pharmacologically acceptable salt or hydrates thereof, are a therapeutic agent or prophylactic agent for a demyelinating disease.

Abstract: Therapies are for treating patients in need of nitroglycerin therapy and allow increased dosage, postponement of tolerance and preconditioning, without exacerbating or causing hypotension. Methods for determining cross-tolerance, nitroglycerin effectiveness and dose are also disclosed. Composition for intravenous administration of nitroglycerin does not contain ethanol or contains less ethanol than conventional compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to inhibiting angiogenesis with sulfur- or selenium-containing compounds, and polymeric forms thereof, in mammals including animals and humans. Sulfur- or selenium-containing compounds, and polymeric forms thereof, can be used alone or in combination with standard therapies to inhibit angiogenesis-mediated disorders. The present invention also relates to the combined use of sulfur- or selenium-containing compounds, and polymeric forms thereof, with other anti-angiogenesis agents, with various anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic agents as well as with radio-therapeutic agents in cancer, and with laser, photodynamic therapy for ocular-related disorders such as diabetic retinopathy or age-related macular degeneration.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and compositions for the prevention of citrus greening disease. In one embodiment, there is provided a method for repelling or killing insect vectors of citrus greening disease comprising exposing the vectors to an effective amount of at least one volatile compound set forth in Tables 1 and 2 herein. In one embodiment, the volatile compound is dimethyl disulfide.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of administering amifostine, WR-1065, or a combination thereof, to patients receiving radiation therapy or chemotherapy in a manner that significantly reduces or decreases the adverse or undesirable side-effects of the compounds as compared with conventional intravenous administration.

Abstract: A method for increasing the bioavailability of cysteine within an animal by reducing extracellular cysteine disulfide molecules to produce extracellular cysteine molecules. A membrane permeable thiol molecule that forms a membrane permeable disulfide molecule after becoming oxidized participates in thiol-disulfide exchange reactions on both sides of the cellular membrane, crossing the membrane randomly via simple diffusion. The membrane permeable disulfide, within or upon entering the highly reductive environment of a cell, becomes reduced to form a membrane permeable thiol molecule. the membrane permeable thiol can then diffuse to the exterior of the cell, where it is available to reduce another cystine molecule. This process can continue cycling, producing net cumulative increase in the concentration of extracellular cysteine. This is beneficial for providing cysteine as a nutrient to cells that require cysteine for nourishment.

Abstract: The antimicrobial acid-catalyzed coating composition of the invention is an acid-catalyzed coating composition formulated with at least one antimicrobial agent to provide antimicrobial activity to the coating composition and an article coated therewith.

Abstract: Nutritional or therapeutic compositions containing glutamic acid, cystine, glycine and a selenium precursor and methods for their utilization to increase glutathione synthesis and thereby enhance the immune system are described.