Abstract: This disclosure features chemical entities (e.g., a compound exhibiting activity as a mitochondrial uncoupling agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or hydrate and/or cocrystal thereof, e.g., a compound, such as niclosamide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or hydrate and/or cocrystal thereof, e.g., a compound, such as a niclosamide analog, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or hydrate and/or cocrystal thereof) that are useful, e.g., for treating one or more symptoms of a pathology characterized by an abnormal inflammatory response (e.g., inflammatory bowel diseases) in a subject (e.g., a human). This disclosure also features compositions as well as other methods of using and making the same.

Abstract: This disclosure features chemical entities (e.g., a compound exhibiting activity as a mitochondrial uncoupling agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or hydrate and/or cocrystal thereof; e.g., a compound, such as niclosamide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or hydrate and/or cocrystal thereof; e.g., a compound, such as a niclosamide analog, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or hydrate and/or cocrystal thereof) that are useful, e.g., for treating one or more symptoms of a pathology characterized by an abnormal inflammatory response (e.g., inflammatory bowel diseases) in a subject (e.g., a human). This disclosure also features compositions as well as other methods of using and making the same.

Abstract: Disclosed are solid forms of menaquinol and processes for obtaining them by chemical or enzymatic reduction of menaquinone. Said solid forms possess high stability to oxidation which allows effective use of menaquinol in the most common formulations wherein vitamin K2 is used.

Abstract: Methods for preventing and treating disease include (i) providing to a person a nutrient material including at least one of lipid or carbohydrate, wherein protein constitutes less than 5 percent of the material's caloric content; (ii) instructing that, during a lower-protein time period of at least two days, the material be administered such that the person's intake of protein is less than 30 grams per day; (iii) instructing that nutrition be administered to the person such that the person's bodily intake of carbohydrate constitutes at least 40 percent of the person's intake of calories during the lower-protein period; and (iv) instructing that, during a higher-protein time period of at least 24 hours following the lower-protein period, the person receives an average daily protein intake of at least 40 grams.

Abstract: A method of treating a patient exposed to radiation before the patient is thrombocytopenic, comprising: intravenous infusion of protein spheres at a concentration of the protein spheres sufficient to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the irradiated patient, wherein the protein spheres are formed from soluble proteins without the addition of surfactants or detergents, and the protein spheres spontaneously and directly bind at least one coagulation factor without the aid of other molecules which specifically bind the at least one coagulation factor.

Abstract: Arsenic compounds of general formula (I), their preparation methods, the pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, and their uses in the manufacture of medicaments for treating cancer, particularly leukemia, are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cosmetic method for treating and/or preventing greasy skin or greasiness-prone skin and/or the associated cutaneous aesthetic defects, comprising the topical application to the skin of a composition comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, at least one compound of formula (I): in which: R represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated and linear or branched C1-C6 hydrocarbon radical; R? represents a saturated or unsaturated and linear or branched C1-C18 hydrocarbon radical, optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group; C—X represents C?O or CH—OH.

Abstract: An invention relating to therapeutic pharmacological agents and methods to chemically induce intracellular hyperthermia and/or free radicals for the diagnosis and treatment of infections, malignancy and other medical conditions. The invention relates to a process and composition for the diagnosis or killing of cancer cells and inactivation of susceptible bacterial, parasitic, fungal, and viral pathogens by chemically generating heat, and/or free radicals and/or hyperthermia—inducible immunogenic determinants by using mitochondrial uncoupling agents, especially 2,4 dinitrophenol and, their conjugates, either alone or in combination with other drugs, hormones, cytokines and radiation.

Abstract: Glucosylceramide synthase inhibitors and compositions containing the same are disclosed. Methods of using the glucosylceramide synthase inhibitors in the treatment of diseases and conditions wherein inhibition of glucosylceramide synthase provides a benefit, like Gaucher disease and Fabry disease, also are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for obtaining a formulation of resveratrol and rice bran oil. The resulting product in the form of an oil or solid proves to increase the therapeutic potential of resveratrol by the synergistic action of the components of the rice oil. The product obtained through the method of the invention is an active principle which, when incorporated in nutraceutical and/or pharmaceutical compositions, provides antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and/or cancer chemoprotective action, besides protecting against infections and ischemia, reducing obesity, and preventing illnesses of old age.

Abstract: Compounds for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of pain, including acute and chronic pain (e.g., nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, headaches, migraine), represented by general formula I: in which: the dotted line represents a single or a double bond; and R5 and R5? are independently —H, —OH or —OR6, where R6 is a linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl; X is —CH2O—; Z is —CH2CH2O—, —CH(CH3)CH2O— or —CH2CH(CH3)O—; m is 1; and n is an integer of 1-5. The compounds of the invention are also effective for reducing inflammation and may be used alone or in combination with other analgesics.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to BAX activators and therapeutic uses relates thereto. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to methods of treating or preventing cancer, such as lung cancer, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound disclosed herein or pharmaceutically acceptable salt to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Treatment of cancer and thromboembolic disorders using inhibitors of Factor VIIa are disclosed herein using a compound of Formula I:

Abstract: There are provided various compounds and compositions comprising polyunsaturated fatty acid monoglycerides and derivatives thereof. These compounds and compositions can be useful as cancer chemopreventive agents. They can also be useful for enhancing solubility of various active agents and enhancing their bioavailability.

Abstract: At least one phytosphingosine salicylate derivative and at least one lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium. Composition, combination. Use, including cosmetic use for reinforcing the repair and regeneration capacity of an epithelium, especially an epidermis, in particular an aged epidermis.

Abstract: The present invention provides an enzymatic and a chemical synthesis of melanins and novel melanins.

Abstract: Compositions and methods tor the treatment of depression and psychoses in humans are disclosed. More particularly, the invention is directed to formulations containing antipsychotic and/or antidepressant medications and also containing an NMPAR antagonist. The present invention is also directed to methods for the treatment of humans suffering from depression and other psychoses, including, schizophrenia, by administration of the inventive compositions in antidepressant and/or antipsychotic effective amounts.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition including at least one compound of the Formulas (I), (II), or (III), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, or prodrug thereof, as defined herein. Also disclosed is a method of treatment of diseases which are pathophysiologically related to GPR35, the GPR35-hERG signaling complex, or both, as defined herein.

Abstract: Solutions for perioperative intraocular application by continuous irrigation during ophthalmologic procedures are provided. These solutions include multiple agents that act to inhibit inflammation, inhibit pain, effect mydriasis (dilation of the pupil), and/or decrease intraocular pressure, wherein the multiple agents are selected to target multiple molecular targets to achieve multiple differing physiologic functions, and are included in dilute concentrations in a balanced salt solution carrier.

Abstract: A method of reducing the cholesterol level of a subject by administering to that subject quercetin, vitamin C, vitamin B3, and statin.

Abstract: Treatment of cancer and thromboembolic disorders using inhibitors of Factor VIIa are disclosed herein using a compound of Formula I.

Abstract: Biodegradable polymers incorporating biomolecules and methods of their use are provided. Certain aspects provide biomolecules crosslinked with diglycidyl esters. The disclosed compositions have numerous applications including cellular regeneration, wound healing, and cellular differentiation.

Abstract: A coating having an adhesive hydrophilic polymer and an amphiphilic additive. The amphiphilic additive has a hydrophilic chain, a biocidal functional group bonded to the hydrophilic chain, and a hydrophobic moiety bonded to the hydrophilic chain or to the biocidal functional group. A method of forming a biocidal surface by providing an article, and coating the article with the above coating. A compound having the formula: Y—(O—CH2—CH2)n—R—(CH2)m—CH3. Y is CH3 or H. R is X is a halogen, and m and n are independently selected positive integers.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward particles for delivery of epinephrine to the respiratory system and methods for treating a patient in need of epinephrine. The particles and respirable compositions comprising the particles of the present invention described herein comprise the bioactive agent epinephrine, or a salt thereof, as a therapeutic agent. The particles are preferably formed by spray drying. Preferably, the particles and the respirable compositions are substantially dry and are substantially free of propellents. In a preferred embodiment, the particles have aerodynamic characteristics that permit targeted delivery of epinephrine to the site(s) of action.

Abstract: The present invention provides combinations of dietary supplements and methods of using of these combinations to improve the health and production performance of animals. In particular, the combinations of the invention comprise antioxidants, trace minerals, organic acids, essential amino acids, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Components that demonstrate an ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity and hyperglycemic inhibitory activity have clearly been provided from among the components included in Yacon. The present inventors found that as a result of screening for a strong anti-oxidant component in a Yacon aerial portion extract, an antioxidant activity was converged in a DIAION HP-20 column chromatography 50% methanol-eluted fraction of hot water extract. Thus, since a previously unidentified high-content component was confirmed, the present inventors conducted purification thereof, and thereby separated TCAA. As a result, this TCAA was found to be the component that demonstrates the ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity and hyperglycemic inhibitory activity.

Abstract: A stable suspension aerosol formulation of epinephrine is suitable for administration through inhalation comprising a therapeutically effective amount of epinephrine, hydrofluorocarbon propellant, co-solvent, surfactant, and antioxidant. The suspension aerosol formulation further comprises [pre-] pre-micronized epinephrine suspended in an alcohol/surfactant solution with hydrofluoroalkane propellant. The suspension formulation provides a highly efficient delivery of drug microparticles into the respirable region of patients' lungs and has the following advantages: lower dosage requirement, minimum alcohol content, with less impurities generated during storage, improved efficacy and safety, and exhibits no ozone depleting potential compared to a formulation containing chlorofluorocarbon.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for treating a subject who has suffered from a central nervous system disorder. More particularly, the invention provides sustained polymeric drug delivery systems having a polymer particle, a therapeutic agent, and a buoyancy agent for direct delivery of therapeutic agents into the central nervous system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for multicomponent surface modified aerosol particle production suitable for, for instance, therapeutic, cosmetic or diagnostic use in which an aerosol containing an active agent is introduced in an aerosol reactor together with a surface agent or surface agent source and/or precursor and wherein the surface agent and/or surface agent precursor is volatilizable. The surface agent vapor saturation ratio is elevated so to cause it to nucleate from the gas phase. Reactor conditions are maintaining such that the active agent remains in the condensed phase and provides a surface for the surface agent to deposit on the active agent containing aerosol particle thus producing surface modified aerosol particles. The method can be used for batch or continuous production. Particles made according to the method and powders and dispersions containing the particles are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for making composite active particles for use in a pharmaceutical composition for pulmonary administration, the method comprising a milling step in which particles of active material are milled in the presence of particles of an additive material which is suitable for the promotion of the dispersal of the composite active particles upon actuation of an inhaler. The invention also relates to compositions for inhalation prepared by the method.

Abstract: Vasoconstrictors are administered topically to provide protection against the adverse effects, e.g., alopecia, mucositis or dermatitis, induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Appropriate dosages and formulations of topical vasoconstrictors are provided. Methods for the use of such compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to synergistic mixtures of o-phenylphenol with other microbicidally active compounds, such as bronopol (2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanedial), 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane.

Abstract: Solutions for perioperative intraocular application by continuous irrigation during ophthalmologic procedures are provided. These solutions include multiple agents that act to inhibit inflammation, inhibit pain, effect mydriasis (dilation of the pupil), and/or decrease intraocular pressure, wherein the multiple agents are selected to target multiple molecular targets to achieve multiple differing physiologic functions, and are included in dilute concentrations in a balanced salt solution carrier.

Abstract: The present invention has its object to provide a safer and highly effective composition capable of relieving or preventing xerostomia. The present invention relates to an agent for relieving or preventing xerostomia comprising an oxidized coenzyme Q and/or a reduced coenzyme Q as active ingredients, a composition containing the agent for relieving or preventing xerostomia in a form of a food product, a health food, a dietary supplement, a supplement, an oral health care product, a medicament, a quasi drug, a pet food, a feed or the like, and a method for treating xerostomia and a method for reducing risks of xerostomia comprising administering the composition.

Abstract: Vasoconstrictors are administered topically to provide protection against the adverse effects, e.g., alopecia, mucositis or dermatitis, induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Appropriate dosages and formulations of topical vasoconstrictors are provided. Methods for the use of such compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions comprising an effective amount of xanthohumol and honokiol. The present invention comprises compositions comprising an effective amount of xanthohumol and genistein. The present invention comprises compositions comprising an effective amount of xanthohumol and guggulsterone. The compositions of the present invention may be effective to decrease mature adipocytes viability, induce apoptosis of mature adipocytes, increase lipolysis in mature adipocytes, and/or reduce adipogenesis during the maturation of pre-adipocytes. The present invention further provides methods of treating obesity, diabetes, osteoporosis or bone disorders in a subject, which comprise administering to the subject compositions comprising an effective amount of xanthohumol and honokiol, guggulsterone, or genistein.

Abstract: Use is disclosed of (a) an AlDH-inhibitory amount of a Trp metabolite, or an analogue or derivative thereof or (b) a bioprecursor thereof, or (c) a potentiator of (a) and/or (b), in the preparation of a medicament for treating alcoholism and/or alcohol dependence.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward particles for delivery of epinephrine to the respiratory system and methods for treating a patient in need of epinephrine. The particles and respirable compositions comprising the particles of the present invention described herein comprise the bioactive agent epinephrine, or a salt thereof, as a therapeutic agent. The particles are preferably formed by spray drying. Preferably, the particles and the respirable compositions are substantially dry and are substantially free of propellents. In a preferred embodiment, the particles have aerodynamic characteristics that permit targeted delivery of epinephrine to the site(s) of action.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for treating a subject who has suffered from a central nervous system disorder. More particularly, the invention provides sustained polymeric drug delivery systems having a polymer particle, a therapeutic agent, and a buoyancy agent for direct delivery of therapeutic agents into the central nervous system.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides non-naturally occurring polyphenol compounds that upregulate the expression of Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I). The disclosed compositions and methods can be used for treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease and related disease states, including cholesterol or lipid related disorders, such as, e.g., atherosclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising an NF?B-inhibitor and a non-retinoid collagen promoter.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound of e.g. the formulas (Ie) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which is useful in a medicine wherein the symbols and substituents have the following meaning—X— is e.g. and Y is e.g. or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters or amides and prodrugs of the above identified compounds can be applied to modulate the in-vitro and in-vivo binding processes mediated by E-, P- or L-selectin binding.

Abstract: An emulsion comprising (a) more than about 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the lipid phase of the emulsion, of one or more polar and/or moderately polar lipids which exhibit an interfacial tension towards water of less than about 30 mN/m and (b) one or more 1,2-alkanediols having about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms and exhibiting a Ig pow of from about ?1 to about +3. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: The compound represented by the general formula (I) is administered to a subject suffering from diabetes or obesity. In the formula (I), R1 and R2 independently represent an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or phenyl group, and arbitrary hydrogen atoms on the aliphatic hydrocarbon group and the phenyl group may be replaced by halogen, X1 represents halogen, and X2 represents hydrogen or halogen.

Abstract: Products and compositions for preventing or reducing the severity of hypertension. These products contain (a) ferulic acid or a ferulate ester, and (b) caffeic acid and/or a chlorogenic acid. The preventive or remedy can suppress a rise in blood pressure and alleviate hypertension, and is usable as a food.

Abstract: Novel vitamin D analogs, markedly active in the fields of cell proliferation and differentiation, are selected from among (4E,6E)-7-{3-[2-(3,4-bis-hydroxymethylphenyl)-ethyl]phenyl}-3-ethylnona-4,6-dien-3-ol, (E)-6-[3-(3,4-bis-hydroxymethylbenzyloxy)phenyl]1,1,1-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethyloct-5-en-3-yn-2-ol, (3E,5E)-6-[3-(3,4-bis-hydroxymethylbenzyloxy)-phenyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethylocta-3,5-dien-2-ol, (E)-6-{3-[2-(3,4-bis-hydroxymethylphenyl)ethyl]phenyl}-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethyloct-5-en-3-yn-2-ol, and (3E,5E)-6-{3-[2-(3,4-bis-hydroxymethylphenyl)-ethyl]phenyl-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethylocta-3,5-dien-2-ol, and the geometric isomers thereof and these compounds in which one or more of the hydroxyl functions are protected by a protective group —(C?O)—R, in which R is a linear or branched alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl radical having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aralkyl radical having from 7 to 11 carbon atoms, the aryl radical or the aralkyl radical optional

Abstract: The invention features compositions and methods that are useful for treating or preventing AAT deficiency and associated conditions. In addition, the invention provides methods for identifying compounds useful for treatment of AAT deficiency and associated conditions.

Abstract: An invention relating to therapeutic pharmacological agents and methods to chemically induce intracellular hyperthermia and/or free radicals for the diagnosis and treatment of infections, malignancy and other medical conditions. The invention relates to a process and composition for the diagnosis or killing of cancer cells and inactivation of susceptible bacterial, parasitic, fungal, and viral pathogens by chemically generating heat, and/or free radicals and/or hyperthermia-inducible immunogenic determinants by using mitochondrial uncoupling agents, especially 2,4 dinitrophenol and, their conjugates, either alone or in combination with other drugs, hormones, cytokines and radiation.

Abstract: An invention relating to therapeutic pharmacological agents and methods to chemically induce intracellular hyperthermia and/or free radicals for the diagnosis and treatment of infections, malignancy and other medical conditions. The invention relates to a process and composition for the diagnosis or killing of cancer cells and inactivation of susceptible bacterial, parasitic, fungal, and viral pathogens by chemically generating heat, and/or free radicals and/or hyperthermia-inducible immunogenic determinants by using mitochondrial uncoupling agents, especially 2,4 dinitrophenol and, their conjugates, either alone or in combination with other drugs, hormones, cytokines and radiation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating acute lung injuries, such as acute lung injury induced by peritonitis during sepsis, acute lung injury induced by intravenous bacteremia during sepsis, acute lung injury caused by smoke inhalation, acute lung injury occurring in a premature infant with deficiency of surfactant, acute lung injury caused by oxygen toxicity or acute lung injury caused by barotraumas from mechanical ventilation, using an ER? selective ligand such as 2-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-vinyl-1,3-benzoxazol-5-ol or 3-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-7-hydroxy-naphthalene-1-carbonitrile. The present invention further relates to use of ER? selective ligands or compositions thereof for the prevention of acute lung injuries in those being at risk thereof.