Abstract: The invention described herein encompasses a methods and compositions of treating cancer or solid tumors comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of catechins, a group of polyphenols found in green tea, to a mammal in need of such therapy. Compositions of catechins include but not limited to, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC). The unique compositions of the invention contain various combinations of the catechins, alone or in combination with each other or other therapeutic agents and are used to treat primary and metastatic cancers in humans. The invention also encompasses the varying modes of administration of the therapeutic compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel composition of matter comprised of a mixture of two specific classes of compounds—Free-B-ring flavonoids and flavans—for use in the prevention and treatment of diseases and conditions mediated by the COX-2 and 5-LO pathways. The present invention further provides a novel method for simultaneously inhibiting the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) enzymes, and reducing cox-2 mRNA production. Finally, the present invention includes a method for weight loss and blood glucose control. The methods of this invention are comprised of administering to a host in need thereof an effective amount of the composition of this invention together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The invention is directed to therapeutic antioxidant compositions which are enhanced by the stabilized atomic hydrogen; one of the most potent antioxidants. Such products can be used for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes in treatment of cancer, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, skin diseases etc. The products described can be used independently or in combination with other drugs and treatment modalities. The products can also be used as dietetic products to aid in desired weigh loss. The described products can also be used to prevent oxidative and free radical damage to food and oxidation-prone industrial products. The invention also describes the methods to produce and stabilize atomic hydrogen and prepare and use such stabilized/encaged atomic hydrogen enhanced antioxidant compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of screening for anti-cancer drugs based on the activities of overexpressed enzymes by the cancer cells to convert non-toxic compounds to cytotoxic drugs which can specifically kill these cancer cells. In particular, the present invention provides methods of screening for anti-cancer drugs which can be used to treat liver cancer, especially hepatocellular carcinoma. The present invention also provides methods of treating cancers, in particular liver cancer, especially hepatocellular carcinoma, by administering to a subject the drugs selected by the screning methods of the present invention. In a particular embodiment, naphthalene or a derivative thereof is administered to a subject. The present invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions for treating or ameliorating cancers as well as kits containing such compositions.

Abstract: 6-tert-Butyl-1,1-dimethylindane derivatives which are unsaturated in the 4-position of formula: 1

Abstract: The invention is perylenequinones that are both sonosensitizers and photosensitizers, and their therapeutic use.

Abstract: This invention provides estrogen receptor modulators of formula I, having the structure 1

Abstract: In order to provide a xanthine oxidase inhibitor having as an effective component an extract from highly safe plants, ten kinds of plant materials were compared for the xanthine oxidase inhibition activity, and in consequence Lagerstroemia speciosa (banaba) was found to have the strongest activity. In addition, it was found that the xanthine oxidase inhibition activity was present in an “crude extract” obtained by extracting banaba with hot water or the like, “resin adsorbed components” obtained by adsorbing the crude extract on a styrene-divinyl benzene synthetic resin or the like, and “organic solvent soluble components” obtained by the partition of the resin adsorbed component between water and an organic solvent.

Abstract: Compounds that inhibit 5-alpha-reductase are provided. The compounds are used to treat prostate cancer, breast cancer, obesity, skin disorders and baldness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of using protective compounds for the prevention or treatment of ophthalmic diseases, disorders or injuries in a subject. The method comprises the step of administering a predetermined polycyclic phenolic compound to a subject in need thereof. The polycyclic phenolic compound is selected from those having at least one terminal phenolic group and at least one other cyclic group.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and kits for treating depression, perimenopausal depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, panic attacks, binge eating, social phobia, or preventing deterioration of cognitive function by administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effect amount of an estrogen agonist/antagonist of formula I 1

Abstract: The present invention provides therapeutically effective amounts of 6MNA prodrugs. The pharmaceutical composition comprises wherein R is H or COR′, wherein R′ is selected from the group consisting of C1 to C6 alkyl, (CH2)m O(CH2)n, (CH2)m(OC2H4)p O(CH2)n, (CH2)m(OC2H4)p, (OCH2H4)p ONO2 and (OCH2H4)p O(CH2)n wherein m is an integer from 2 to 4, and n and p are integers from 1 to 4. Alternatively, R is a therapeutic moiety.

Abstract: Described are methods of promoting improvement of skin condition by administering a turmeric component and glycolic acid to a patient afflicted with a skin disorder.

Abstract: This invention provides novel fullerene derivatives, particularly fullerene derivatives that are water-soluble, that modulate the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and/or calmodulin. The invention provides methods for modulating NOS activity and particularly provides methods for inhibiting NOS activity, by contacting one or more fullerene derivatives of this invention with cells or tissue that exhibit NOS activity. In a specific embodiment, the invention provides water-soluble fullerene derivatives that are selective inhibitors of neuronal NOS or iNOS. Preferred water soluble fullerenes have substituents that contain one or more amine groups, amine cationic groups.

Abstract: An inexpensive cultured fish feed contains a prescribed amount of proanthocyanidin to thereby make an addition amount of carothenoid small. Proanthocyanidin is added by 0.004-0.04 weight percent to a culture feed containing crothenoid.

Abstract: Use of catechol derivatives of the general formula I wherein R1 to R5 are as defined according to claim 1, as protease inhibitors.

Abstract: A method of treating symptoms linked to menopause in warm-blooded animals by administering to warm-blooded animals in need thereof an amount of a compound of the formula wherein the substituents are defined as in the application sufficient to treat said symptoms.

Abstract: Indane compounds of general formulae (1) to (4) and their pharmaceutical use, particularly to achieve mast cell stabilising activity and/or anti-inflammatory activity are described.

Abstract: Controlled cessation of heart beat during coronary bypass surgery and other cardiac surgeries on a beating heart improves surgical technique, and is achieved typically by electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve and administration of a combination of drugs.

Abstract: The use of extracts from the plant Hypericum perforatum in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of hepatitis C, chronic hepatitis C and related viruses, said pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one extract of the plant Hypericum perforatum and optionally in addition, one or more pharmaceutically acceptable inactive components, selected from, carriers, coatings, diluents and adjuvants.

Abstract: The invention described herein encompasses a methods and compositions of treating cancer or solid tumors comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of catechins, a group of polyphenols found in green tea, to a mammal in need of such therapy. Compositions of catechins include but not limited to, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC). The unique compositions of the invention contain various combinations of the catechins, alone or in combination with each other or other therapeutic agents and are used to treat primary and metastatic cancers in humans. The invention also encompasses the varying modes of administration of the therapeutic compounds, including a sustained release formulation which may be used as a therapeutic compound for the treatment of cancer or as a dietary supplement for the prevention of cancer.

Abstract: The invention described herein encompasses a methods and compositions of treating cancer or solid tumors comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of catechins, a group of polyphenols found in green tea, to a mammal in need of such therapy. Compositions of catechins include but not limited to, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC). The unique compositions of the invention contain various combinations of the catechins, alone or in combination with each other or other therapeutic agents and are used to treat primary and metastatic cancers in humans. The invention also encompasses the varying modes of administration of the therapeutic compounds.

Abstract: An optically active binaphthol derivative of the following formula (1) or (2), an optically active phosphate derivative of the following formula (3) or, (4), processes for their production, and an asymmetry identifying agent comprising the derivative of the formula (3) or (4):

Abstract: A liquid composition of phenolic compounds can be formed in the substantial absence of a solvent and a surfactant. This composition includes at least one substituted phenol and a halo-substituted phenol. In one embodiment, the composition includes benzylchlorophenol and at least one of phenylphenol and tert-pentylphenol. In another embodiment, the composition includes benzylchlorophenol, phenylphenol, and tert-pentylphenol. The composition may be useful for preparing an antimicrobial material. A liquid phenolic composition can be prepared by forming a composition having at least one substituted phenol and a halo-substituted phenol in the substantial absence of a solvent and surfactant and mixing the composition until a liquid phenolic composition is formed.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel materials separated from Ecklonia cava, a method for extracting and purifying the same, and the use thereof for antioxidants. The method comprises extracting antioxidative ingredients from powdered Ecklonia cava one or more times with an organic solvent; fractionating the antioxidative ingredients one or more times in solvents; and purifying the solvent fractions by chromatography. Superior in scavenging activity and thermal stability, the extract from Ecklonia cava can be used as antioxidants and is suitable in commercialization.

Abstract: A method for treating disorders responsive to DHFR inhibition is disclosed, wherein the disorders may include neoplastic diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, restenosis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, infections, and ectopic pregnancy. The inventive method comprises administering to a patient in need of treatment a therapeutically-effective amount of a composition comprising certain aromatic, primarily non-aliphatic, molecules that may be found in coal tar.

Abstract: A novel process for the production of the natural antioxidant, carnosic acid, by extracting it from rosemary leaves with an aqueous solution of a lower alkyl alcohol in the presence of a water soluble acid is described. The extraction of the carnosic acid is very selective, i.e. very few other chemicals such as pro-oxidants from the plant are extracted. Furthermore, a method for the stabilization of the extracted acid from decomposition and a method of preparing the acid in high concentration are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of hyperforin and hyperforin-containing extracts of Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort) in the treatment and prophylaxis of dementia diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, as well as the use of hyperforin and hyperforin-containing extracts for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and prophylaxis of such dementia diseases.

Abstract: The invention comprises methods for conferring a cytoprotective effect on a population of cells, such as providing a polycyclic phenolic compound in a physiologically acceptable formulation, and administering the formulation in an effective dose to the population of cells.

Abstract: Substituted indenyl sulfonyl acetic acids, esters and alcohols are useful in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Abstract: A method of preparing an extract fraction of Hypericum perforatum L by preparing an aqueous ethanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum L, concentrating the extract to a predetermined degree by evaporation thus forming a precipitate and a supernatant, repeating the concentrating and separating steps at least once with the supernatant, optionally redissolving the separated precipitate obtained in a previous step and obtaining a product extract of Hypericum perforatum L from one of the supernatant or the precipitate of the step wherein the precipitate and supernatant are formed or the redissolved precipitate of the proceeding step.

Abstract: A method is provided for conferring neuroprotection on a population of cells in a subject, the method including providing a polycyclic compound having a terminal phenolic group in a structure containing at least a second ring, the compound having a molecular weight of less than 1000 Daltons, the compound not including estrogen compounds including estrogen agonists. The compound may be administered in an effective dose to the population of cells so as to confer neuroprotection. Methods are further provided for treating a neurodegenerative disease in a subject that include providing an effective dose of a formulation containing the compound and administering the dose to the subject.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds, compositions, and methods to inactivate a virus and destroy tumor cells. The methods involve the addition into the cell of a compound containing a photosensitizing chemical and an energy donating chemical, optionally linked by a chemical tether. Also introduced into the cell are means to chemically activate the energy donating chemical which photoactivates the photosensitizing chemical which then destroys the tumor or virus. The photosensitizing chemical is preferably hypericin, porphyrin, or an analog and the energy donating chemical is preferably luciferin or an analog. Methods for synthesizing the chemicals are also disclosed. Further, the energy donating chemical is activated by an activating chemical. The expression of the activating chemical is regulated so as to target the virus-infected or tumor cells.

Abstract: Therapies and compounds for the inhibition of memory loss. In one embodiment, a combination of Huperzine A and hypericin is employed.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), wherein [X] represents aromatic carbocyclic rings (A) and (B), where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are as defined in the description, salts thereof, a method and intermediates for preparing same, the use thereof as drugs, and pharmaceutical compositions containing same, are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of certain resorcinol derivatives as skin lightening agents.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions effective in treating or preventing atherosclerosis and restenosis are disclosed. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention comprise one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of phenylacetic acid, pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, pharmaceutically-acceptable precursors thereof, and pharmaceutically-acceptable analogs thereof (e.g., phenylacetylglutamine and iso-phenylacetylglutamine), suitably combined with appropriate carriers, diluents, or excipients. The compositions also optionally contain isoglutamine. Also disclosed are methods for treating or preventing atherosclerosis and restenosis by the administration of pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: A method for regulating the growth and loss of hair via the use of compositions containing a compound selected from the group consisting of lupane triterpenes, derivatives of lupane triterpenes, derivatives of oleanane triterpenes, derivatives of ursane triterpenes, and salts and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method of preventing and treating a viral condition caused by an enveloped virus is described, comprising using a therapeutically effective amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of a substituted hydroquinone and the corresponding benzoquinone, wherein said hydroquinone comprises a 2-R.sup.1, 3-R.sup.2 -1,4-hydroquinone where at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 include a carbon linkage to the benzene ring of the hydroquinone. Particularly useful compounds include 5,8-dihydro-5,8-methano-1,4-naphthalenediol, 1,4-naphthoquinone, 3', 6'-dihydroxybenzo-norbornane, tert-butylhydroquinone, other diols, e.g. 1,5-naphthalenediol, and alkylated diols, e.g. 4-methoxy-1-naphthol.

Abstract: The use of certain heterocyclic derivatives for treating parasitic protozoa infections in mammals, in particular bovine trichomoniasis and giardiasis, is disclosed.

Abstract: Optically pure enantiomers of avarol are obtained. The enantiomers of avarol are demonstrated to be highly effective inhibitors of .alpha.-glucosidase and .alpha.-mannosidase. Other enzymes assayed were not inhibited by these optically pure compounds. Inhibition of these two enzymes is useful for a variety of assays and probes, and offers particular utility in the treatment of retroviral infection-associated syndromes, such as AIDS.

Abstract: The use of extracts from the plant Hypericum perforatum in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of hepatitis C, chronic hepatitis C and related viruses, said pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one extract of the plant Hypericum perforatum and optionally in addition, one or more pharmaceutically acceptable inactive components, selected from, carriers, coatings, diluents and adjuvants.

Abstract: The 12-lipoxygenase product, 12(S)-HETE, mediates hyperproliferative and hyperplastic responses seen in atherosclerosis, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, stroke-induced nerve damage and cancer. 12-HETE also mediates inflammation and cell death in some cell systems, particularly B-islet cells of the pancreas. The present invention involves amelioration of disease states mediated by 12(S)-HETE by blocking specific 12(S)-HETE receptors.

Abstract: A method of treating a free radical-related medical condition. The method includes the step of administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of the formulaF(--X).sub.mwhereinF is a fullerene core; each X is independently OH, (CH.sub.2).sub.n --SO.sub.3 H, or a metal salt of (CH.sub.2).sub.n --SO.sub.3.sup.- in which each n is independently 2-50; and m is 2-40.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fruit polyphenol obtained by subjecting unripe fruits of Rosaceae to pressing and/or extraction and then purifying the resulting juice or extract. The present invention further provides an antioxidant, a hypotensive agent, an antimutagenic agent, an antiallergic agent and an anticariogenic agent each comprising, as an effective component, a fruit polyphenol obtained by subjecting unripe fruits of Rosaceae to pressing and/or extraction and then purifying the resulting juice or extract. The fruit polyphenol of the present invention has various physiological activities, for example, an antioxidative activity, an ACE-inhibiting activity, an antimutagenic activity, a hyalulonidase-inhibiting activity and a GTase-inhibiting activity.

Abstract: Novel 4-substituted-1,2-naphthoquinones, pharmaceutical unit dosage forms containing 4-substituted-1,2-naphthoquinones, and uses of 4-substituted-1,2-naphthoquinones to inhibit the growth of cancer cells are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds, compositions, and methods to inactivate a virus and destroy tumor cells. The methods involve the addition into the cell of a compound containing a photosensitizing chemical and an energy donating chemical, optionally linked by a chemical tether. Also introduced into the cell are means to chemically activate the energy donating chemical which photoactivates the photosensitizing chemical which then destroys the tumor or virus. The photosensitizing chemical is preferably hypericin, porphyrin, or an analog and the energy donating chemical is preferably luciferin or an analog. Methods for synthesizing the chemicals are also disclosed. Further, the energy donating chemical is activated by an activating chemical. The expression of the activating chemical is regulated so as to target the virus-infected or tumor cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fruit polyphenol obtained by subjecting unripe fruits of Rosaceae to pressing and/or extraction and then purifying the resulting juice or extract. The present invention further provides an antioxidant, a hypotensive agent, an antimutagenic agent, an antiallergic agent and an anticariogenic agent each comprising, as an effective component, a fruit polyphenol obtained by subjecting unripe fruits of Rosaceae to pressing and/or extraction and then purifying the resulting juice or extract. The fruit polyphenol of the present invention has various physiological activities, for example, an antioxidative activity, an ACE-inhibiting activity, an antimutagenic activity, a hyalulonidase-inhibiting activity and a GTase-inhibiting activity.

Abstract: Method for repelling insect herbivores from plant surfaces and deterring them from feeding on plant surfaces by applying an aqueous dispersion of polycyclic quinone or precursor thereof to the foliage of the plant and/or to the surrounding soil in which the plant is rooted.

Abstract: Disclosed are chemical agents for modulating certain cellular immune reactions that can lead to autoimmune disorders. By specific modulation, harmful immune reactions can be lessened in severity or even prevented without resorting to potentially dangerous general immune suppression. The described chemical agents inhibit IL-12 induction of the secretion of key immune modulators. The described chemical agents are specific inhibitors of IL-12 induced Th1 immune response.