Abstract: Products from the plant species Nerium oleander and, Urginea maritima, are prepared and tested as wildlife repellents comparing them with digitalis products. Chemical compounds derived from these plants including oleandrin, oleandrigenin, scillirosidin, digitoxigenin and digoxigenin are shown to cause nausea and emesis at low doses in pigeons and to repel, mice, rats, gophers, meadow voles and mountain beavers. After ingestion these animals quickly learn to avoid targets treated with the plant-derived repellents. When the remembrance of a treated food or other target lasts for an extended period of time it can be termed an aversion conditioning agent. Such products can be used for the protection of other plants, seeds, buildings, structures, communication cables and animals exposed to wildlife.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preventing the transmission of an ectoparasite-borne pathogen to a mammal exposed to predation by the ectoparasite, wherein a time delay exists between attachment of the ectoparasite to the mammal and transmission of the pathogen from the ectoparasite to the mammal. The method comprises applying to the mammal an ectoparacide to kill the ectoparasite in place on the mammal, without necessarily finding or mechanically detaching the ectoparasite, at a time after the exposure of the mammal to the ectoparasite, and within the time delay, thereby preventing transmission of the pathogen from the ectoparasite to the mammal.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions comprising a physiologically-active agent and a compound having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein X may represent sulfur or two hydrogen atoms; R' is H or a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms; m is 2-6; n is 0-18 and R is --CH.sub.3, ##STR2## wherein R" is H or halogen, in an amount effective to enhance the penetration of the physiologically-active agent through the skin or other membrane of the body of an animal.

Abstract: Geese and swans are repelled by applying methyl anthranalate or dimethyl anthranalate to their habitats or to pelleted agricultural chemicals lethal to geese or swans. With regard to applying the repellent to habitats, preferably the repellent is encapsulated in a starch-based material that is water tolerant and provides time release of the repellent.

Abstract: This invention discloses the phenomenon of physically sequestering organic soluble material by lamellar envelopment. It is to be distinguished from microdroplets of water insoluble drugs coated with a phospholipid prepared by sonication. Actual reduction to practice in a commercial effort has been with insect repellent. Hence, the disclosure will refer essentially to the dispersing of DEET.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for killing pests, especially insects, which comprises exposing the pests to, and permitting said pests to ingest, a substance which is either not transported or which is poorly transported across the digestive tract membranes of the pests.

Abstract: A new use for naphthalene comprising a snake repellant in the form of granules comprising 8% naphthalene, 32% sulfur and 60% montmorillonite. The compound is spread in a strip across an area where snakes are to be repelled and is effective against venomous and non-venomous varieties.

Abstract: Insecticidal and repellent compositions comprising ozonides of hydrocarbons are disclosed. Hydrocarbons which are believed to be active when prepared in accordance with the present invention include terpenes and unsaturated fatty acids derived from plant and animal sources. Other examples of suitable unsaturated hydrocarbons include natural and synthetic steroids, alkenes and their substituted derivatives, and other naturally or synthetically unsaturated hydrocarbons derived primarily from petroleum. Methods of use for the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Snails and slugs are controlled by a method in which the plants to be protected from molluscs, or the environment of the said plants, are or is treated with 2-tert-butyl-4-chloro-5-(4-tert-butylbenzylthio)-3 (2H)-pyridazinone I ##STR1## Snail and slug baits or seed dressings contain the active ingredient I.

Abstract: The invention provides a sprayable non-aqueous composition for repelling birds and animal pests, comprising a mixture of a tacky polyolefin, a substantially pure silica-based thixotropic agent and an organic solvent or diluent.

Abstract: A controlled release insect pest repellent comprising p-menthane-3,8-diol blended with an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer is disclosed. This controlled release insect pest repellent can show continuous controlled release of the repellent component, i.e., p-menthane-3,8-diol, for a prolonged period of time so as to effectively exterminate insect pests.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions comprising a physiologically-active agent and a compound having the structural formula ##STR1## Wherein X may represent sulfur or two hydrogen atoms; R' is H or a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms; m is 2-6; n is 0-18 and R is --Ch.sub.3, ##STR2## wherein R" is H or halogen, in an amount effective to enhance the penetration of the physiologically-active agent through the skin or other membrane of the body of an animal.

Abstract: A bird repellant composition includingan effective amount of a polymeric component which polymeric component includes at least one butene polymer or copolymer, andan effective amount of a thickening agent.

Abstract: Snails and slugs are controlled by a method in which the plants to be protected from molluscs, or the environment of the said plants, are or is treated with 2-tert-butyl-4-chloro-5-(4-tert-butylbenzylthio)-3(2H)-pyridazinone I ##STR1## Snail and slug baits or seed dressings contain the active ingredient I.

Abstract: Skin care cosmetic formulations which include a cellulosic polymer/solvent system capable of dispersing thin, substantive films on the skin are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plant-protective solution containing 2.5 to 40 % by weight of one or more water-insoluble plant-protective ingredient(s) 20 to 71.5 % by weight of dimethylformamide and/or dimethylsulfoxide and/or acetone as water-miscible solvent, 10 to 71.5 % by weight of furfurol and/or furfuryl alcohol as partially water-miscible solvent, 1 to 15 % by weight of commonly used additives such as anionic and/or nonionic surface active agents and macromolecules.The invention also relates to the ready-for-use plant-protective suspension containing 0.2 to 10 % by weight of one or more water-insoluble plant-protective ingredient(s) with a particle size of 0.1 to 50 .mu.m, 0 to 60 % by weight of a fertilizer, 0.2 to 10 % by weight of dimethylformamide and/or dimethylsulfoxide and/or acetone as water-miscible solvent, 0.2 to 10 % by weight of furfurol and/or furfuryl alcohol as partially water-miscible solvent, 0.05 to 2.

Abstract: A film-forming bioactive composition for control of crawling insects and the like is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of producing and utilizing the bioactive composition. The bioactive composition comprises a water-in-oil emulsion, a bioactive ingredient dispersed throughout the emulsion, and a lubricating agent also dispersed throughout the emulsion. The water-in-oil emulsion comprises a continuous phase, an aqueous discontinuous phase, and an emulsifier system for dispersing the discontinuous phase throughout the continuous phase. The bioactive composition of the present invention is characterized in that after particles of the instant bioactive composition have been applied to a surface, a substantial portion of the continuous and discontinuous phases will evaporate over time, leaving a residual film on the surface. Such film comprises the emulsifier system, the bioactive ingredient, and the lubricating agent.

Abstract: Anthocyanins have been found to be taste-aversive to avian species. This invention relates to mammalian livestock feeds and pelleted fertilizer and pesticide compositions each incorporating effective avian-repellent amounts of such anthocyanins or anthocyanin-containing plant materials. The invention also relates to avian-repellent compositions for application to crops and seeds incorporating such anthocyanins.

Abstract: A multi-layer bird repellant coating for a substrate is provided which comprises:(i) at least one bird repellant bead or strip formed from a bird repellant gel composition including:(a) about 75 to 98% by weight based on the total weight of the gel composition of at least one butene polymer or copolymer;(b) about 1 to 7% by weight based on the total weight of the gel composition of a clay-based thickening agent; and(c) about 1 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the gel composition of a polar organic swelling agent;said bird repellant bead or strip having sufficient tackiness to repel birds but not to substantially retard the birds and having sufficient viscosity to minimize the flattening of bead or strip; and(ii) a protective coating layer, on said bird repellant bead or strip, formed from a protective coating composition including:(a) an effective amount of a polymeric component, which polymeric component includes at least one vinyl aromatic polymer or copolymer,(b) an effective amount of a solven

Abstract: Described are animal control compositions and methods; which compositions comprise citronellyl nitrile, citronellol and, optionally, methyl terpenyl ether, lemon oil, caryophyllene, isopulegol, isopulegyl acetate and quinine or one or more of its salts. The compositions can be used "as is" or in the form of a "controlled release" composition whereby the citronellyl nitrile, citronellol and, optionally, methyl terpenyl ether, lemon oil, caryophyllene, isopulegol, isopulegyl acetate and quinine or one or more of its salts are intimately admixed (alone or with adjuvants including but not limited to other volatile, odorous ingredients) with a polymeric substance such as polyethylene in the form of pellets or functional articles, e.g., garbage bags.

Abstract: Described are animal control compositions and methods; which compositions comprise citronellyl nitrile, citronellol alpha-terpinyl methyl ether and lemon oil and, optionally, caryophyllene, isopulegol, isopulegyl acetate, one or more norbornyl alkyl ethers, one or more 3,4,5,6,6-pentamethyl hexanol-2 derivatives and quinine or one or more of its salts. The compositions can be used "as is" or in the form of a "controlled release" composition whereby the citronellyl nitrile, citronellol, alpha-terpinyl methyl ether and lemon oil and, optionally, the caryophyllene, isopulegol, isopulegyl acetate, one or more norbornyl alkyl ethers, one or more 3,4,5,6,6-pentamethyl hexanol-2 derivatives and quinine or one or more of its salts are intimately admixed (alone or with adjuvants including but not limited to other volatile, odorous ingredients) with a polymeric substance such as polyethylene in the form of pellets or functional articles, e.g., garbage bags.

Abstract: A film-forming bioactive composition for control of crawling insects and the like is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of producing and utilizing the bioactive composition. The bioactive composition comprises a water-in-oil emulsion, a lubricating agent also dispersed throughout the emulsion. The water-in-oil emulsion comprises a continuous phase, an aqueous discontinuous phase, and an emulsifier system for dispersing the discontinuous phase throughout the continuous phase. The bioactive composition of the present invention is characterized in that after particles of the instant bioactive composition have been applied to a surface, a substantial portion of the continuous and discontinuous phases will evaporate over time, leaving a residual film on the surface. Such film comprises the emulsifier system, the bioactive ingredient, and the lubricating agent.

Abstract: The present application discloses a novel mammalian livestock feed additive containing a selective avian taste aversive agent, preferably dimethyl anthranilate, which is at least partially entrapped in an edible solid vehicle to improve its taste persistency. In the preferred embodiment, the edible vehicle is a modified food starch which is spray dried with the avian taste aversive agent. The disclosed livestock feed additive may be incorporated in a livestock feed to reduce the amount of feed lost to avian species, and to reduce the likelihood that mammals will be infected by avian transmitted diseases such as transmissible gastroenteritis. Alternatively, a mammalian poison is disclosed comprising an avian taste aversive additive which will increase the amount of that poison available for ingestion by mammalian target species and decrease the likelihood of secondary poisoning of a number of endangered species.

Abstract: Described are animal control compositions and methods; which compositions comprise lemon oil and .alpha.-terpinyl methyl ether taken alone or taken further together with quinine or salts thereof. The compositions can be used "as is" or in the form of a "controlled release" composition whereby the lemon oil and .alpha.-terpinyl methyl ether taken alone or further together with quinine or a salt thereof are intimately admixed (alone or with adjuvants including but not limited to other volatile, odorous ingredients) with a polymeric substance such as polyethylene in the form of pellets or functional articles, e.g., garbage bags.

Abstract: The invention relates to a topical insect repellent soap composition and to a method of protection using such a composition. Generally, the insect repellent soap composition comprises:(1) from 63.0 to 99.5% by wt of a soap mixture containing from 4.1 to 7% by wt of a soap of caprylic acid, from 3.8 to 7% of a soap of capric acid, from 32.1 to 45% of a soap of lauric acid, from 12 to 17.5% by wt of a soap of myristic acid, from 5.0 to 10% by wt of a soap of palmitic acid, from 1.6 to 3% by wt of a soap of stearic acid, from 3.5 to 5% by wt of a soap of oleic acid and from 0.9 to 5% by wt of a soap of linoleic acid;(2) from 0.1 to 2% by wt of C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 straight chain fatty acids;(3) from 0.2 to 30% by wt of a repellent chemical;(4) from 0.2 to 5% by wt of an effective residual insecticide.

Abstract: This invention relates to bird repellent. In particular, this invention relates to new compositions for protecting surfaces from birds and to repelling birds from various areas. It is also directed to a method of preventing birds from remaining in selected areas.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of vaporizing and a device capable of thermally vaporizing a thermally vaporizable composition being drawn up by a porous absorbing body due to its capillary attraction.

Abstract: A method for repelling birds, especially woodpeckers from selected areas or surfaces which comprises applying isophorone to such areas or surfaces.