Abstract: A gutter cover inside miter to be used with both open valley and closed valley roof miters, where the gutter cover inside miter is formed by coupling two primary member having a stem, legs, a tapered trough, a diverter and a plurality of draining and guide vents oriented to accommodate a variety of water flows. The gutter cover inside miter is also used with an underlying gutter cover as a system to improve the functionality of the gutter cover.

Abstract: A roof structure and a method of installing a snow guard on the base of a roof is provided, wherein the roof structure includes a plurality of synthetic shingles of thermoplastic materials, and where a snow guard is provided having an outwardly projecting snow-engaging platform and an oppositely provided hook at an upper end, wherein the hook is adapted to engage over and upper edge of a butt portion of one or more shingles in an underlying course of shingles, and wherein a tab portion of a shingle in a next-overlying course of shingles is disposed over the upper end of the snow guard, substantially covering its base, and wherein the snow-engaging platform is adapted to receive snow and ice that may slide down the roof, to intercept the same or break the snow or ice up into small harmless particles.

Abstract: A support block for supporting objects on a roof. The support block is a moulded elastomeric block with a substantially hollow core. The support block can be used as is or in a system whereby a galvanized steel channel is secured to the top wall of the block accommodating the mating of a variety of clamps. In some embodiments, the block is elongate and generally flat and supports a roof mounted object thereon when two or more blocks are supported parallel and spaced apart from one another with the object spanning between the blocks.

Abstract: Disclosed is a roof spoiler that effectively disrupts the attached flow of wind on a roof surface. Preferably, the spoiler is specially designed for installation with a gutter mounted on the roof fascia or along the leading edge of the roof. This spoiler utilizes a hinged design to move between two operating positions. The first position is a stowed position, whereby the spoiler extends beyond the gutter and is designed to be nearly invisible to passersby. In the stowed position, a portion of the spoiler covers the outer edge of the gutter (if present). A second portion of the spoiler may extend outward from the gutter. The second position is a deployed position, wherein a barrier is projected vertically, or substantially vertically, so as to disrupt the flow of air over the roof surface. In one embodiment, the spoiler rests upon the roof covering when in the deployed position. In another embodiment, the spoiler rests near or against the gutter or holding bracket.

Abstract: Disclosed is a roof spoiler that effectively disrupts the attached flow of wind upon a roof surface. This spoiler has a stowed position, whereby it is almost completely out of the view of passersby. It also has a deployed position, wherein a barrier is projected vertically, or substantially vertically, so as to disrupt the flow of air over the roof surface. This spoiler utilizes a hinged design to move between these two positions. The spoiler is specially designed to operate in conjunction with a gutter mounted along the leading edge of the roof. In the stowed position, a portion of the spoiler covers the open gutter. In one embodiment, the spoiler is L-shaped to facilitate its stability in the deployed position.

Abstract: A bird deterrent device is presented having a base that is at least partially composed of a metal or metal composite. The base can be configured such that the base has sufficient resiliency to revert to an original form after being bent at least 15°. A plurality of spikes can be coupled to the base so that the device is stackable with other such devices while the spikes are oriented at least 5° out of parallel with respect to a plane of the base. It is contemplated that the devices can be stacked such that the base of one device is less than 3 cm from the base of an adjacent device in the stack.

Abstract: A snow guard and a method of attaching a snow guard to a seam of a metal roof wherein the snow guard includes a base having a first side wall, a second side wall, and a top wall that define a seam receiving channel. The first side wall is provided with at least one opening. The second side wall has at least one fixed projection extending from the second side wall into the seam receiving channel and toward the opening. At least one moveable fastener extends through the opening into the seam receiving channel and toward the projection, and a blade is attached to a base receiving end of the base.

Abstract: A snow-retaining device comprises a detachable upper member attached to a base anchor. The base anchor is adapted to be coupled to a roof. The upper member prevents snow from sliding off the roof during regular snow conditions. In order to prevent catastrophic damage to the roof, if a snow load on the roof exceeds a maximum threshold, the upper member detaches from the base anchor to allow some or all of the snow to slide off the roof. The device optionally integrates a snow melting device.

Abstract: A clamp (42) is mounted on a hollow rib (18) of a panel assembly (142). The clamp (42) includes a first clamping member (46) and a separate second clamping member (82). The first clamping member (42) includes a first section (50) that is disposed beyond a top wall (30) of the rib (18), and that includes an arcuately-shaped recess (58). The second clamping member (82) includes a convex, arcuately-shaped distal end (90) that is disposed within the recess (58) of the first clamping member (42) to allow the second clamping member (82) to pivot relative to the first clamping member (46) at least generally about the distal end (90) to secure the clamp (42) to the rib (18). An attachment (150) may be mounted on the clamp (42).

Abstract: A mounting and attachment system, which can easily mount a continuous snow rail for snow protection above the seams of a metal roof and also attach lower members or snow flags which are located between the seams to stop the snow from sliding under the height of the seam. This system reduces the requirement for holes and threaded holes to be drilled into the mounting block, saving manufacturing time and money. The mounting block is configured so that there is a slot which runs through the mounting block to fit over a raised seam. This slot can have parallel walls or can be shaped to match the form of a particular seam. This block will also have slots or linear indentations on the sides or ends of the block in a direction perpendicular or parallel to the slot for the seam. A second piece of the assembly is a snow rail long enough to connect two or more of the seam-mounted blocks together. Finally, a top rail may be secured to be positioned parallel to said seam and be mounted on two or more seam mounted blocks.

Abstract: A snow guard and a method of attaching a snow guard to a seam of a metal roof wherein the snow guard includes a base having a first side wall, a second side wall, and a top wall that define a seam receiving channel. The first side wall is provided with at least one opening. The second side wall has at least one fixed projection extending from the second side wall into the seam receiving channel and toward the opening. At least one moveable fastener extends through the opening into the seam receiving channel and toward the projection, and a blade is attached to a base receiving end of the base.

Abstract: A snow guard and snow guard cover are provided which allow the cover to be attached to the snow guard to conceal the snow guard from view. The cover allows the snow guard to better match the finish of the roof, and protects the snow guard from sunlight.

Abstract: A roof structure and a method of installing a snow guard on the base of a roof is provided, wherein the roof structure includes a plurality of synthetic shingles of thermoplastic materials, and where a snow guard is provided having an outwardly projecting snow-engaging platform and an oppositely provided hook at an upper end, wherein the hook is adapted to engage over and upper edge of a butt portion of one or more shingles in an underlying course of shingles, and wherein a tab portion of a shingle in a next-overlying course of shingles is disposed over the upper end of the snow guard, substantially covering its base, and wherein the snow-engaging platform is adapted to receive snow and ice that may slide down the roof, to intercept the same or break the snow or ice up into small harmless particles.

Abstract: A building with a roof having a wind deflection system. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: A mounting and attachment system, which can easily mount a continuous snow rail for snow protection above the seams of a metal root and also attach lower members or snow flags which are located between the seams to stop the snow from sliding under the height of the seam. This system eliminates the requirement for holes and threaded holes to be drilled into the mounting block, saving manufacturing time and money. The mounting block is configured so that there is a slot which runs through the mounting block to fit over a raised seam. This slot can have parallel walls or can be shaped to match the form of a particular seam. This block will also have two slots or linear indentations on either side of the block in a direction perpendicular to the slot for the seam. A second piece of the assembly is a snow rail long enough to connect two or more of the seam-mounted blocks together.

Abstract: Snow stop includes a base member, and a snow-restraining member. The snow stop can have a series of holes for ventilation of adhesive as well as for forming “glue-rivets” with cured adhesive, and can have slots (grooves) to the holes or boundary of the snow stop to assist in ventilating adhesive solvent. The holes and grooves also can provide for increased physical bonding with the adhesive and hence, roof. The base may be round with the snow-restrainer included in intersecting upstanding members.

Abstract: A roof anchor with a channel fits over a roof panel rib typically having a rib head supported by a narrower rib neck. Setscrews on the anchor side thread through matching threaded holes in anchor sides and into the channel, sandwiching a roof panel rib therebetween when it is received into the channel. To prevent the anchor from lifting off the roof panel rib, the setscrews are located on the anchor sides low in the anchor channel engaging the roof panel rib at the narrow rib neck such that the roof panel rib head can be received between the setscrews and the anchor top. A rib bar typically shaped to functionally match the roof panel rib may be inserted within the roof panel rib as a brace to prevent a roof panel rib from collapsing under force of the setscrews.

Abstract: A decorative snow guard assembly attachable to raised portions of a building surface such as a standing seam roof. The assembly includes a decorative snow brake plate integral with a base, means spanning between adjacent bases, and means connecting said spanning means to said bases.

Abstract: A decorative snow guard assembly attachable to raised portions of a building surface such as a standing seam roof. The assembly includes a decorative snow brake plate integral with a base, means spanning between adjacent bases, and means connecting said spanning means to said bases.

Abstract: A snow guard which attaches to the vertical leg of a formed metal roof seam utilizing the formed seam and a movable toggle lock to attach the snow guard without the use of penetrations or seam deformations. Roof accessories other than a snow guard can be connected to a raised roof seam using the disclosed movable toggle lock.

Abstract: A flashing and associated assembly and method for directing water along an interface between a roof and a wall are provided. The flashing, which can be formed as a unitary molded plastic member, has an angled configuration. In particular, a roof portion of the flashing is configured to be disposed on the roof, and first and second flanges extend perpendicularly from the roof portion to define a continuous passage for receiving water. The flanges define an obtuse angle therebetween so that when one flange is disposed against the wall the other flange is configured to direct water flowing along the passage away from the wall. The flashing can be reversible so that the same flashing can be selectively installed at wall-roof interfaces of different configurations.

Abstract: The barrier comprises a vertical strap, a pair of opposing centering elements for guiding extending outwardly from the vertical strap and a pair of brackets inserted into the pair of opposing centering elements for guiding. Each pair of brackets includes a flat, curved element situated in a plane perpendicular to the vertical strap and has at one extremity a cutout. A guiding plate situated in a plane parallel to the vertical strap is attached to another extremity of the flat, curved element. The guiding plate is inserted into opposing centering elements for guiding. A rail is inserted into the pair of brackets, through the cutout of each of the flat, curved element. Several U-brackets are secured to a roof structure and disposed behind the vertical strap embrace a rafter. The roof barrier includes features for attachment the vertical strap with the pair of brackets to U-brackets, through the rafters, to the roof structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating system for a roof for the retention of snow and ice thereon. The coating system employs a base layer, which is applied to the roof surface. The base layer may provide a liquid impermeable barrier layer on the roof surface. An aggregate is spread or broadcast over the base layer while the base layer is in a liquid state. The base layer and the aggregate are secured to the roof surface once the base layer has cured. The aggregate protrudes from the upper surface of the base layer to provide maximum snow and ice retention.

Abstract: A snow guard for preventing snow from sliding off a roof top having a longitudinal strap with an up-roof end and a down-roof end, a snow restraining barrier with a generally arcuate shape and supported by a brace, the snow restraining barrier and the brace are both coupled to the down-roof end of the strap, and a rim extending up-roof along the periphery of the snow restraining barrier to grip snow accumulating on the roof top.

Abstract: A roof anchor including a pair of blocks positioned side-by-side. The blocks have adjacent, inner surfaces with notches cut therefrom for receiving a standing seam of a metal roof. The blocks also have outer surfaces remote from the inner surfaces. A bracket is positioned over the pair of blocks. The bracket includes a base portion having a pair of legs, each being positioned adjacent a respective one of the outer surfaces of the blocks, and a crosspiece, positioned adjacent the tops of the blocks, joining the legs together. A loop portion is affixed to the base portion for securement of a workman's safety lanyard. A threaded fastener penetrates the pair of blocks and the pair of legs for: fastening the pair of blocks together, securing the bracket to the pair of blocks, and clamping the pair of blocks upon a standing seam of a metal roof.

Abstract: A decorative snow guard assembly attachable to raised portions of a building surface such as a standing seam roof. The assembly includes a decorative snow brake plate integral with a base, means spanning between adjacent bases, and means connecting said spanning means to said bases.

Abstract: A snow guard for a shingled roof in which the flat attachment strap positionable between layers of shingles has mounted thereon a detachable mounting bracket that projects upwardly from the attachment strap. The body portion of the mounting bracket has a wedge-shaped receptacle on the top surface to mount devices such as a snow guard attachment, which can be locked into place on the mounting bracket by a threaded fastener that passes through the mounting bracket into the base of the snow guard attachment. The snow guard attachment can be easily replaced with aesthetically different snow guard members or a snow fence that spans across several aligned mounting brackets.

Abstract: A method of making a metal snow guard is disclosed. The snow guard has a solid layer of soldering material on its base to be heated and melted with application of heat to the upper side of the snow guard to solder the base to an underlying metal roof. The soldering material may be applied as spaced spots or projections providing a rough surface on the underside of the snow guard. The amount of solder and/or flux in the solid layer is limited so that the solder and/or flux does not flow outwardly from the snow guard and run down the metal roof thereby damaging or marring the metal roof surface. The snow guards may be formed of a few pieces of sheet metal. The projections of soldering material may be formed by forcing a paste of solder and flux through spaced holes in a plate or screen onto the base.

Abstract: A mounting bracket attaches implements and other devices to the top surface of an inclined raised seam roof structure. The mounting bracket is formed with a body portion defining a wide cavity between opposing side walls to accommodate a variety of different sizes and shapes of raised seam configurations. A pair of opposing clamping jaws are disposed within the body cavity. One clamping jaw is fixed to a side of the body member, while the other clamping jaw is movably mounted to a threaded fastener that advances the movable clamping jaw toward the fixed clamping jaw and grip a raised seam structure therebetween. The body portion has a wedge-shaped receptacle on the top surface to mount devices such as a snow guard, which can be locked into place on the mounting bracket by a threaded fastener.

Abstract: A de-icing, snow melting and warming system is taught which utilizes a heatsink (20) consisting of a number of board strips disposed in a planer array positioned within a building structure between its exterior and interior surface. The heatsink board strips have a gap (24) therebetween in which a heating cable (42) is positioned in a continuous serpentine manner and held in place with loop clamps (44). A gap filler (48) encases the heating cable including the enclosed gap forming a homogenous closure. A low voltage power transformer (54) is attached to electrical mains providing electrical voltage reduction to the heating cable of 30 volts or less, and controls and self diagnostics regulate the power and detect anomalies within the system.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of coupling structures to a roof is made up of a multi-layered roofing assembly having a structure with a first portion disposed between the layers and a second portion disposed outside the layers. The structure may be embodied as a snow guard to help maintain snow on a roof or as a cable holder to help space a cable from a roof surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for eliminating ice formation at roof edging comprising a mesh casing and salt-based fill material. The apparatus may be placed into a typical gutter assembly adjacent a roof edge. The casing is flexible and biodegradable and comprises a salt-retaining surface, a matter-engaging surface, and a plurality of mesh apertures. The mesh apertures each comprise a maximal aperture dimension. The fill material comprises a plurality of salt pellets, each pellet comprising a minimal pellet dimension. The minimal pellet dimension is greater in magnitude than the maximal aperture dimension and thus the fill material is retained by the salt-retaining surface. A portion of the fill material dissolves in water when water contacts the fill material thus forming a flowable solution. The solution inherently has a depressed freezing point for preventing ice formation. Thus, the water-based solution flowing from the apparatus functions to eliminate ice at roof edging.

Abstract: Snow stop includes a base member, and a snow-restraining member. The snow stop can have a series of holes for ventilation of adhesive as well as for forming “glue-rivets” with cured adhesive, and can have slots (grooves) to the holes or boundary of the snow stop to assist in ventilating adhesive solvent. The holes and grooves also can provide for increased physical bonding with the adhesive and hence, roof. The base may be round with the snow-restrainer included in intersecting upstanding members.

Abstract: A metal snow guard is provided with a solid layer of soldering material on its base to be heated and melted with application of heat to the upper side of the snow guard to solder the base to an underlying metal roof. The preferred soldering material comprises an interior layer of solder and an outer layer of flux. In one form, the soldering material is in the form of spaced spots or projections providing a rough surface on the underside of the snow guard with the projections melting and spreading laterally into uneven surfaces where the roof or the base of the snow guard is not flat. The amount of solder and/or flux in the solid layer is limited so that the solder and/or flux does not flow outwardly from the snow guard and run down the metal roof thereby damaging or marring the metal roof surface. The preferred snow guards are formed of sheet metal of relatively few pieces and which are folded and joined together in an inexpensive manner.

Abstract: A snow guard for a raised portion on a building surface, having a unitary transparent mounting body is formed from a polycarbonate material. A transparent acrylic snow-holding bar fits into the transparent mounting body. An ice-holding bar also is provided and is formed from clear acrylic. In one aspect, the mounting body includes vertical structural stiffeners 30 by walls 42 of bar supporting central columns 32 and by outside surface 38 of wall 24 and horizontal stiffeners 27 extending downwardly under top 26 and which are integral part of the mounting body and of walls 24 providing a rigid, strong connection of the two structural support sides 28, top portion 26 and horizontal stiffeners 27 and structural support sides 28 all molded in one piece, made of ultraviolet proof, high impact, high izod polycarbonate plastic. In one aspect, the mounting body include bar insertion cavities 46 and stops 52 to prevent snow-holding bar 8 from sliding through its insertion cavities.

Abstract: A photovoltaic mounting apparatus for use with a solar panel includes a base element having an elongated upper portion and a lower portion. The upper portion is structured for engagement with a rooftop by being positioning underneath the shingles of a rooftop and secured thereto through the apertures of the upper portion and/or lower portion of the base element. One or more support elements extend perpendicularly from the lower portion of the base element. A front plate is situated upon the support elements and is parallel to the base element and structured for engagement with the solar panel.

Abstract: A melting member is adapted to melt snow and ice as it contacts the snow and ice. The melting member is a tablet of sufficient size for melting a substantial amount of ice or snow before dissolving. One or more melting members are placed on snow or ice formed on an inclined roof of a building. The melting members melt the snow or ice as they move downwardly toward the roof of the building. The melting members then continue to melt the snow or ice as they slide downward along the inclined surface of the roof of the building. Water from melted snow and ice is then drained through the channels formed by the melting members. The channels also function to break up ice dams formed on the roof to allow for safe and easy removal of the ice dams and to prevent damage to the roof of the building.

Abstract: A guardrail system for a pitched roof of a building including a plurality of pitched roof members includes a plurality of end post supports that may be installed from ground level. Each of the end post supports may include a U-shaped body having a first segment for removably fastening to an end of a respective roof member, and having a second segment extending outwardly from the respective roof member with a gap therebetween defined by the U-shape. The end post supports may also include a post receiver connected to an upper end of the second segment of the U-shaped body, and a stabilizer carried by the U-shaped body for extending against an adjacent wall portion below the pitched roof. The guardrail system may further include a respective post carried by the post receiver of each end post support, and rail members to be connected between adjacent end posts.

Abstract: A roof jack system that provides a safety barrier that is conveniently installed upon and removed from a pitched roof. The roof jack system includes a guard assembly that is releasably attachable to an auxiliary support assembly of a first embodiment of the present invention that is secured to an existing roof jack. Alternatively, the guard assembly is releasably attachable directly to a roof jack according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Abstract: A safety device for the building field, for individually protecting against falls workers assigned to walking at high elevations in buildings under construction. The device comprises at least one pole, a detachable connection for the pole base with the surface of a building, the pole having at its top end, an engagement for a cable element forming a safety parapet, at least one leg connected laterally to rest, with its lower end, on the surface of the building, laterally to the region engaged by the base of the pole, to form, for the pole, an auxiliary resting element for pushing against the surface of the building.

Abstract: A device for removing ice and snow from roofs (10) comprising an inflatable sleeve (19) secured to a mounting frame secured on a roof under shingles or panels (56). Inflating the sleeve (19) fractures ice and snow adhering to the top of the apparatus, causing ice and snow to fall to the ground in a controlled manner. An inflation mechanism can be provided suitably adapted to prevent moisture damage to the system, and to provide warm air to the inflatable sleeve (19) to facilitate the release of ice and snow. Alternatively, a non-inflatable flexible cover (121) can be provided and secured to an eave or side of a building, and then agitated to remove ice and snow. A flexible gutter apparatus (223) can also be provided, having a flexible gutter disposed onto rigid support frame segments and secured to its edges so that the contents of the gutter can be expelled by lifting the flexible gutter over the frame.

Abstract: A snow guard assembly adapted to be attached to a metal roof seam is provided, having a mounting assembly for having increased gripping efficiency. The mounting assembly includes a mounting block having a seam-receiving groove, and at least one channel formed on an internal side of the seam-receiving groove. A lever member disposed within each channel is pivotally secured at one end by a pivot member. A coupling element passes through a side of the mounting block proximate the other end of the lever member. When the coupling element contacts the lever member, the lever member moves from the channel to a position within the seam-receiving groove. The metal roof seam housed in the seam-receiving groove is deformed under force provided by the mechanical advantage of the lever to form a gripping area that secures the mounting assembly to the metal roof seam and prevents relative movement therebetween.

Abstract: A metal snow guard is provided with a solid layer of soldering material on its base to be heated and melted with application of heat to the upper side of the snow guard to solder the base to an underlying metal roof. The preferred soldering material comprises an interior layer of solder and an outer layer of flux. In one form, the soldering material is in the form of spaced spots or projections providing a rough surface on the underside of the snow guard with the projections melting and spreading laterally into uneven surfaces where the roof or the base of the snow guard is not flat. The amount of solder and/or flux in the solid layer is limited so that the solder and/or flux does not flow outwardly from the snow guard and run down the metal roof thereby damaging or marring the metal roof surface. The preferred snow guards are formed of sheet metal of relatively few pieces and which are folded and joined together in an inexpensive manner.

Abstract: A snow and ice diverting apparatus for protecting a roof stack, the snow and ice apparatus having a base angle for securing the apparatus to a roof, a fin for cutting through sliding snow and ice and for diverting snow and ice from the roof stack, and an adjustment device for securing the fin to the roof stack. The fin is attached between the base angle and the adjustment device. The adjustment device is operable to allow infinite adjustability over a predetermined range of roof stack sizes. In addition, the adjustment device has a cable, which has an eye end and a free end, and a retainer device for securing the eye end and the free end of the cable. The cable is in communication with the roof stack and the retainer device. The retainer device is attached to said fin.

Abstract: A photovoltaic mounting apparatus for use with a solar panel includes a base element having an elongated upper portion and a lower portion. The upper portion is structured for engagement with a rooftop by being positioning underneath the shingles of a rooftop and secured thereto through the apertures of the upper portion and/or lower portion of the base element. One or more support elements extend perpendicularly from the lower portion of the base element. A front plate is situated upon the support elements and is parallel to the base element and structured for engagement with the solar panel.

Abstract: A permeable retaining member defines a chamber therein. The permeable retaining members has an opening to the chamber. The chamber of the retainer member is filled through the opening with a melting substance and the opening is closed. The melting substance is adapted to permeate through the retaining member for melting proximate ice in a gutter and preventing ice dams on roofs.

Abstract: A snow guard assembly adapted to be attached to a metal roof seam by a mounting assembly is provided. The mounting assembly includes a mounting block having a seam-receiving groove formed in a bottom surface thereof, and at least one coupling means extending through a first side portion of the mounting block and having a terminal end adapted to move toward a central axis of the seam-receiving groove. At least one clamping member is interposed between the central axis of the seam-receiving groove and the coupling means, having a first side opposing the terminal end of the coupling means and a second side adapted to oppose a metal roof seam. The clamping member is preferably a plastically deformable metal material having a sufficiently small thickness such that, upon engagement with the terminal end of the coupling means, a protrusion is formed on the second side of the clamping member.

Abstract: A roof mount includes a base member and an attachment mount. The base member has a protrusion, and the attachment mount defines a hollowed region for receiving the protrusion to form a compression fitting. A substantially leak proof assembly is formed when the attachment mount is placed against the base member with a sealing material therebetween and a connecting element for coupling the attachment mount to the base member extends through the sealing material. A spacer extends the base member to a roof surface. The spacer is a hollow base stand, a tube, or a side wall of the base member. The spacer has a surface area covering the roof deck less than the surface area of a side of the base member facing the roof deck. The invention includes a method of limiting wind uplift of a roof.

Abstract: A one piece pad style snow guard which attaches to the vertical leg of a formed metal roof seam utilizing the formed seamed or locking portions of the seam to attach the guard without the use of penetrations or seam deformations. The guard is attached to a vertical seam by the use of threaded screws creating pressure across the slot which encloses the vertical seam. The location of the set screws intersect and lock under or into folds already in the seamed panel profile. In an alternate embodiment, a ridge located on the side of the guard opposite the locking screws and located below the lower edge of the completed folded seam runs the length of the slot. When the set screw is tightened, the entire length of the folded seam is engaged by this ridge under the folds locking the guard under the seam. This enables the guard to lock under the folded seam with out deforming the metal and lock the continuous length of the guard rather than only at the set screws, and without deforming the seam material.

Abstract: A self-opening/closing umbrella comprises a handle, an outer tube, a middle tube partially mounted in the outer tube and including a lower end securely attached to the handle and an upper end in the outer tube. and an inner tube partially mounted in the middle tube and including a lower end in the middle tube and an upper end extending beyond the middle tube and the outer tube. A rib-mounting base is securely mounted to the upper end of the inner tube to move therewith. A stretcher-mounting runner is securely mounted to the upper end of the outer tube to move therewith, the runner being slidably mounted around the inner tube. A compression spring is attached between the runner and the upper end of the middle tube. When an opening button is pushed, the runner and the outer tube are moved upward under a first stage of extension of the compression spring, thereby opening the umbrella.