Abstract: Elongate bodies for use in providing architectural and structural features in pre-cast panels are provided. The elongate bodies may-comprise a cross-section comprising a set portion, a hinged portion, and hinge. The set portion and the hinged portion are configured to define an engagement. The hinge couples the set portion and the hinged portion such that the hinged portion is movable about the hinge to an engaged state and disengaged state. Methods of using the elongate bodies to form pre-cast panels are provided, and pre-cast panel forming systems are provided. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that is will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b).

Abstract: A self interlocking block system wherein blocks with one or more apertures are interconnected by inserting a hollow peg through the aligned apertures of two vertically adjacent blocks such that a portion of the hollow peg extends into the aperture of the top block and a portion of the hollow peg extends into the aperture of the bottom block, resulting in a vertical shaft extending from the top row of blocks through the bottom row of blocks to the base surface. The vertical shafts may be filled with one or more vertical support bars and/or filler material to provide additional support.

Abstract: This invention provides a foundation structure (10) cast from a settable material such as concrete and comprises a slab (12) having a particular generally annular non-rectangular circumferential outer profile. The foundation structure (10) is further provided with a plurality of intsecting primary beams (14) extending through a common central region of the slab (12); and a secondary annular circumferentially extending beam (16). The structure (10) is constructed by a method including the steps of forming a plurality of radially extending primary channels extending through a central foundation region of the building; forming a secondary annular circumferentially extending channel; providing a void former for defining a common central region of intersecting channels, through which the primary beams (14) extend after being cast; casting a settable material into the channels; and casting a slab of settable material integrally with the primary and secondary beams (14, 16).

Abstract: Presealed System device for walls, floors and roofs. The Presealed System device forms pre-selected openings in floors and walls and roofs in buildings and/or houses and/or during remodeling projects for allowing plumbing pipes and/or electrical conduits to pass therethrough. The devices include stacked or side by side PVC type sleeves with an inwardly protruding portion of a resilient member such as a t cross-sectional shaped washer separating the sleeves from one another. The resilient member also includes a rearwardly extending portion which extends into the walls and floors that can have ridges thereon, and additional portions which are adjacent to exterior sides of the sleeves. Pipes and conduits placed into the openings through the devices are sealed by the inwardly protruding portions of the resilient members and the seal is maintained during expansion and contraction of the boundary layer that occurs during daytime and nighttime temperature changes and heating and cooling conditions.

Abstract: A lost mold element for manufacturing reinforced concrete flat slabs, which is intended, when used together with other mold elements, for creating voids and for allowing the molding of beams. The mold element is made of a recycled plastic material, having a shape of a hollow box, substantially of a flat prismatic shape, and preferably rectangular or square, which is formed from two half boxes including an upper half box and a lower half box joined together removably. Each mold element has side or lateral walls with profiles that define together with other side or lateral walls of other mold elements an I-profiled channel or I-degenerated profiled channel for molding beams. Further, between the side or lateral walls are arranged steel rod attachments and distribution supports for securing the steel rods, and for reinforcement of the I-profiled or I-degenerated profiled beams. Such a mold element can be used in the building industry.

Abstract: A beaded preform includes a plurality of adjacently positioned beads for forming a plurality of voids in an engineered material. The beaded preforms may be comprised of a filaments (single strand of beads) and mats (two-dimensional and three dimensional arrays of beads). The filaments and mats may be coated to become tows and laminates, respectively, which may then be assembled into composite materials. The preforms may be produced using novel manufacturing apparatuses and methods, and incorporated into known manufacturing processes to produce porous structures, including stress-steering structures, in any material including metals, plastics, ceramics, textiles, papers, and biological materials, for example.

Abstract: The device is formed of a strand of flexible material that is helically coiled in the form of a preformed elongated member having adjacent coils removably bonded together. In using the device, the preformed member is embedded in concrete when in a wet state with one end of the preformed member extending at or close to the surface of the concrete. After the concrete has solidified, the end of the preformed member is pulled to break the bonds between adjacent coils to lengthen and reduce the diameter of the member to allow the strand to be removed from the concrete to form an aperture in the concrete from the surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for receiving one end of a utility conduit sleeve within a concrete form. The apparatus has a tubular body with an interior surface intersecting first and second ends. The tubular body receives one end of the sleeve through one end and has a flexible flange at its opposite end. The flexible flange is secured against an inside surface of the form. A breakable, thin cover extends over the opposite end of the tubular body to prevent material from entering the tubular body.

Abstract: A hand-held void forming device, including a handle having two handle elements moveable relative to each other; and a void forming portion having two void forming elements moveable relative to each other, the void forming portion being operatively connected to the handle whereby movement of the handle elements relative to each other moves the void forming elements relative to each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the fast and efficient filling of voids of both simple and complex shape which can be carried out at room temperature. In particular, the present invention consists of the use of free flowing thermally expanding and curing powders which are poured into the voids and then heated causing the powder to expand, coalesce and cure and thus filling or partially filling the void space as required. The process according to the present invention is particularly suitable for filling the spaces in, around and between honeycomb or pre-formed foam cores as required to produce a filled or partially filled honeycomb or foam core or any other material used in sandwich panel construction. This process is also a simple and efficient method for filling moulds suitable for use in cellular artefact production. The filled or partially filled mould or honeycomb core can then be cured to produce bonded sandwich panels or moulded cellular artefacts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a building block and a method for producing the same, which has a reduced mass by comparison with conventional building blocks and excellent insulating properties. The building block according to the invention consists of a lightweight material which is selected from expanded glass, pearlite, expanded clay or mixtures thereof. The lightweight material is obtained by liquid phase sintering or fusing of pre-expanded glass granulate, clay granulate, pearlite or mixtures thereof and forms a pore structure as an insulating core which is at least partially enclosed by a shell body formed from a conventional building block material. The building block is produced by an appropriate shell body being filled with the lightweight material, and the pre-expanded lightweight material, which has a residual expanding agent content of at least 0.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for post-tensioning a reinforcing strand disposed within a concrete slab of the character having a plurality of reinforcing members embedded therein. The apparatus includes a yieldably deformable elastomeric body having a longitudinally extending passageway formed therein for receiving the reinforcing strand. The apparatus also includes a removal mechanism for use in expeditiously removing the elastomeric body from the concrete slab after the slab has been poured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a semi sandwich panel in which a cores material is partially formed in a portion which needs a strength and intensity between both surface finishing materials formed of a textile for thereby implementing a certain strength and intensity of a sandwich panel, so that it is possible to obtain a certain strength and intensity as a structure member which is a feature of a sandwich panel, and the number of fabrication processes is decreased, and the fabrication cost is decreased. A core material is inserted into a portion which needs a certain strength and intensity between both surface finishing materials formed of a textile.

Abstract: Accessory (20) for modular elements (10) for the support and ventilation of crawl spaces, floor structures, floors or similar articles in the building field, each comprising an upper horizontal wall (11) and a plurality of vertical supporting legs (13) defining a continuous passage below said upper wall (11), said accessory (20) comprising a front wall (21) and a lateral wall (22) having a profile mating with that of the aperture defined by each pair of vertical legs (13) of a modular element (10).

Abstract: The invention relates to a hollow body concrete floor or hollow body concrete slab made from concrete having reinforcements and conical hollow bodies (1) the cross-section of which is essentially round, oval or more than quadrilateral, wherein hollow bodies (1) are arranged between an upper and a lower reinforcement layer (15, 16) at least in sections essentially in the most compact configuration possible, wherein the areas between the upper and the lower reinforcement layers (15, 16) may be provided without hollow bodies (1). The object of the invention is to provide an improvement over conventional hollow body concrete floors. This object is solved in that spacers (8, 9) are arranged between upper reinforcement layer (15) and hollow bodies (1) on the one hand and between lower reinforcement layer (16) and hollow bodies (1) on the other hand, and that vertical reinforcements (17) are inserted in at least some of the interstitial spaces formed in each case by three adjacent hollow bodies (1).

Abstract: This invention provides a web or a matrix for panels useful in architectural design, such as for exterior architectural panels, panels for interior partitions or for space delimiters, wall or ceiling architectural panels, tables, shelves, etc. More particularly, a web for a panel useful in architectural design comprising a structural web or matrix having a plurality of voids disposed in an apparent random configuration, where some of the voids communicate with an outer surface of the panel and where some of the voids may also communicate among themselves to give the panels a perforated appearance, similar to that of a sponge, and methods of manufacture thereof.

Abstract: A concrete slab construction in which a building ring is used to isolate the slab from a column which supports upper parts of a building. The ring is placed on a concrete pier beneath the column. Concrete may be poured to form a slab outside of the ring and also inside the cavity formed within the ring. The column maybe placed directly on the pier before the ring is filled with concrete or on the concrete which is poured inside the ring. The ring may be tapered from bottom to top to enhance isolation of the column and pier from the slab. The ring may be adjustable in diameter and height and may have a fastening foot for securing the ring in place on the pier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for constructing hollow metal frames having a grout filled interior is disclosed. An apparatus includes a substantially planar body having an upper and lower surface. The upper surface includes at least one grip. The lower surface includes a gasket and a number of protrusions. The protrusions are placed into holes on the hollow metal frame into which additional components such as hinges are to be added. Grout is added to the frame and allowed to harden. Once the grout is hardened, the grout guard is removed and air spaces are retained. Screws and other components are typically filled into the air spaces.

Abstract: A prefabricated concrete panel for building floors in civil or industrial structures, comprising a concrete body with a reinforcement provided with portions which protrude from one of the larger faces of the body of the panel which constitutes extrados of a floor and are designed to be embedded in the casting of the topping of the floor. At least one first shaped sheet is provided inside the body of the panel, is made of thermally insulating material, is interposed between the two larger faces of the panel body and forms, between the two larger faces of the panel body, a ventilation chamber which is composed of a plurality of mutually connected cells.

Abstract: A window buck having members forming a frame with the members including adjustable components enabling use of the buck in walls under construction of different thicknesses. Extruded front and rear components of each buck member are adjustably interengaged with one another and fixable in a desired relationship to suit the wall being constructed. External channels formed in the buck members are open lengthwise to permit reception of angular connectors for joining the buck members at their intersecting ends. The connectors may be of reusable rebar and removable upon completion of the wall. The components of each buck member are lockable by inserted fasteners. A modified window buck includes a central component for use in walls of extraordinary thicknesses. A further modified window buck may include buck members of unitary construction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for facilitating the removal of formwork for the end joint of a diaphragm wall panel, said formwork comprising a soleplate having two side edges. The device comprising: two substantially rectangular plates of substantially the same dimensions; spacer means secured to first longitudinal edges of each of said plates to hold them substantially parallel to each other at a spacing h; filler means for filling the volume defined by said plates, the spacer means, and a plane orthogonal to said plates located at a distance d from the second longitudinal edges of the plates; and temporary fixing means for fixing said plates to said soleplate.

Abstract: The lightweight concrete masonry unit of the present invention contains, before being mixed with water, about 11 to 11.5% by weight of cement, about 47 to 47.5% by weight of pumice lightweight aggregate, about 22.5 to 23% by weight of other aggregate, about 18 to 18.5% by weight of sand, liquid color pigment as required to provide a desired color, and liquid admixture(s) as required to meet water impermeation standards.

Abstract: An anchoring device not accessible from one of its sides can be produced by making a cavity (11) of a particular shape and using tendons (4), each of which has an end portion (41) of adapted shape. The cavity may be made in different ways, especially by concreting an anchor member (1) having an opening (12) at one end, the anchor member and the cavity it contains each having an adapted shape. After the anchor member has been concreted and the tendons inserted in the cavity, the cavity is filled with an embedding mortar in order to block the ends of the tendons therein.

Abstract: An anchoring device not accessible from one of its sides can be produced by making a cavity (11) of a particular shape and using tendons (4), each of which has an end portion (41) of adapted shape. The cavity may be made in different ways, especially by concreting an anchor member (1) having an opening (12) at one end, the anchor member and the cavity it contains each having an adapted shape. After the anchor member has been concreted and the tendons inserted in the cavity, the cavity is filled with an embedding mortar in order to block the ends of the tendons therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a joining method and a joining structure as well as a form for concrete products. A protruding portion provided at the front end of a seal member of elastic material attached to one concrete product is inserted through an opening formed in a joining face of the other concrete product into an attachment hole of enlarged diameter provided at a depth of the opening, while bringing a closing press contact portion of the seal member into press contact with inner surfaces of the opening to achieve an airtight condition inside the attachment hole, followed by filling grout into a space defined between inner surfaces of the attachment hole and the protruding portion and setting the grout there to join the concrete products together.

Abstract: The invention relates to a set of parts for use in building, comprising a plurality of separate parts which are assemblable to provide a former for defining a desired configuration in a set settable material, characterised by at least two interengageable surface forming parts (2, 3), and by a thrust part (4) which maintains the surface forming parts (2, 3) in an assembled position, and by the thrust part (4) being removable to allow the surface forming parts (2, 3) to be moved from the set settable material whereby to leave the desired configuration (7) in that material (6).The invention also extends to a constructional method, and to a building or part thereof constructed using the set of parts described.

Abstract: The objectives of the invention is to obtain the complex cell structured material which has the advantages of toughness and of being light in weight. Also it is economical when utilized in the field of the general structural materials such as architecture, civil engineering, machinery structure field, automobiles, ships, cars, aircrafts, space crafts, space stations, submarines. The manufacturing of this invention also consists of simple procedures. A complex cell structure is comprised of a maintained spatial surface on which is the complex cell bodies are bonded. The complex cell bodies are distributed/bonded on the maintained spatial surface. The maintained spatial surface is rolled, annual ring shaped, whirlpooled, laminated, plate shaped or crossed. The liquid coagulant fills the empty space. The coagulant is coagulated to produce the complex cell structure. Also, the method to produce is as follows. Prepared complex cell bodies are composed of rigid sections and a light material.

Abstract: A load bearing structure having a set of uniform voids functions to resolve the forces imposed by developing compression in the material having the voids and minimizing the amount of tension developed in the material. The voids are deployed to encompass a matrix of points arranged such that each point is spaced an equal distance from twelve and only twelve adjacent matrix points. If the structure is considered to be composed of a closely packed set of hypothetical rhombic dodecahedra (RD) and the four-edge vertices of each of those hypothetical RDs is truncated, the result will be a set of cubic voids. The center of each of those cubic voids will define the matrix referred to above and the cubic voids will serve to provide the optimum resolution of stress which minimizes the development of tension in the material. One in four of the hypothetical RDs can be eliminated achieving the same force resolution in a structure containing less material.

Abstract: A form void for providing a space between a poured concrete structure and an underlying expansive soil is formed of three sheets of corrugated paper for shipping in a flat "knock-down" configuration and is erected at the construction site simply by inserting one panel into a groove between two other panels. The upper surface is comprised of three panel thicknesses, and the outer support panels are reinforced by a pair of internal support panels. The cross-sectional shape may be trapezoidal, rectangular, symmetric or non-symmetric, or have a sloped top.

Abstract: An element for use in making a reinforced concrete structure of substantially planar shape. The element includes a) at least a lower reinforcing mesh consisting of mutually crossing reinforcing rods (1, 2) rigidly secured to each other, and b) a number of spaced filler bodies (3) of substantially identical shape and size cooperating with the lower mesh (1, 2) so as to locate them in a regular pattern corresponding to the pattern of the lower mesh. These filler bodies (3) interengage (14) with the lower mesh (1, 2) so as to form a rigid body, with the spaced filler bodies cooperating with the reinforcing mesh to provide cavities in the finished structure. The filler bodies (3) include flanges (8) cooperating with each other to form a lower shuttering. Preferably also, an upper reinforcing mesh (1a, 2a) is used, further increasing the rigidity of the element.

Abstract: The window buck is made of extruded irregular shapes consisting of a combination of cellulose and polymer compounded specifically to be used in connection with building walls of poured concrete. The combination desirably is a mixture of approximately 70% cellulose and approximately 30% polymer. The cellulose is preferably sawdust, and the polymer preferably is polyethylene.

Abstract: An earth retaining wall having at least a pair of tiers of side-by-side blocks which define a receiving channel for a connector bar with spaced-apart keys that engage apertures in a lattice-like grid extending laterally from the tiers, the grid being covered by backfill for interlocking the backfill with the retaining wall, the keys distributing the load of the backfill evenly across the wall.

Abstract: A recessed lighting fixture includes a back housing which is secured to a form board for receiving poured concrete such that the concrete sets around the housing to form a recessed area in a concrete structure. The form board is joined to a stiffener plate to support the housing under the force of the concrete. The form board and stiffener plate are removed from the back housing and the internal components of the lighting fixture are disposed in and secured to the interior of the back housing to form a recessed lighting fixture which is flush with the surface of the structure, for example a concrete wall. The internal components of the fixture may subsequently be removed and replaced should the need arise as only the back housing is fixed to the concrete wall.

Abstract: Box-shaped structures, such as buildings. Such boxed-shape structures can include modular boxes. Other conceivable forms are paneled elements in plane and curved three-dimensional shapes, which may be used in such box-shaped structures. The paneled elements, in such a case, will be integrable with other paneled elements to form such box-shaped structures. The present invention can overcome the disadvantage encountered with many known vessels, containers and other similar structures, that they tend to be very complex and expensive to manufacture, or tend not to meet all of the requirements associated with such vessels, containers and other similar structures.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for introducing sealing material into at least one tubular injection element (12, 13), such as a hose and/or channel, in a concrete joint-sealing system, the injection element joining forming a sealant-injection path in the interior of the concrete and being laid between a primary and a secondary concrete slab on the surface of the primary slab and surrounded by the secondary slab. On injection, sealant flows out of the injection element into the joints between the concrete slabs. The device consists of a target element (1) which is connected for sealant transfer with the injection element and forms a cavity in the secondary concrete slab.

Abstract: A device for stabilizing footing drainage conduits while forming the footings including an annular disk and a cylindrical hub extending outwardly from and about the opening. A drain tile or conduit is engaged with the device about the hub while the device is secured to the footing form. The annular disk extends normal to the cylindrical hub. The device is adjusted to abut the form for the building footings. Accordingly, the devices are positioned and attached to the forms. The device provides support and prevents crushing of an end of the conduit when concrete is poured between the form boards when the footings are created. A nub on the cylindrical hub prevents lateral movement of the device when the footing forms are removed. An adjustable drainage tile can also be used. Two sections of conduit are employed for the adjustable drainage tile. One end of one of the sections of conduit has axially extending slits to allow interengagement of the end of the one section of conduit into the second conduit.

Abstract: A load bearing structure having a set of uniform voids functions to resolve the forces imposed by developing compression in the material having the voids and minimizing the amount of tension developed in the material. For the voids to have this function, they must be deployed in a particular fashion. The voids are deployed to encompass a particular set of points. The set of points are such that each point in the matrix is spaced an equal distance from twelve and only twelve adjacent points of the matrix. The distance between the points does not matter as long as all are uniformly distanced in accordance with that rule. If the structure is considered to be composed of a closely packed set of hypothetical rhombic dodecahedra (RD) and the four edge vertices of each of those hypothetical RDs is truncated, the result will be a set of cubic voids.

Abstract: A flexible form member in accordance with the invention comprises a hollow-shaped body having a flexibility and openable fluid introducing and discharging means for permitting fluid to be introduced into and discharged from the body. A method of forming a through hole by means of the flexible form member comprises placing the flexible form member as contracted in a desired position between an outer form and an inner form, introducing fluid into the flexible form member to expand it between the outer form and inner form, pouring concrete, removing the forms and contracting the flexible form member after curing of concrete, and removing the flexible form member thus contracted from concrete.

Abstract: A wall system includes one or more wall members, and a number of retaining devices fixed to columns or posts and engaged with the wall members for retaining the wall member in place. The wall member includes a number of beams each having a hollow interior, and a number of intermediate ribs formed between the beams so as to solidly couple the beams together. An outer layer of can be formed on the outer peripheral portion of the wall member and engaged with the openings of the intermediate ribs so as to form a smooth outer appearance.

Abstract: Concrete slab foundation and method of construction in which ground soil is graded to form a building pad, a plurality of plastic domes having top and side walls are placed in a rectilinear array on the pad, and concrete is poured over the domes to form a monolithic structure consisting of a gridwork of criss-crossing ribs between the side walls and a horizontally extending deck above the top walls. The concrete is prestressed with longitudinally extending tendons in the ribs, and the plastic domes are left in place as a permanent part of the foundation to serve as a moisture barrier at the under side of the deck and the lateral faces of the ribs.

Abstract: A thermal insulating body, or molding, for thermal insulation, consisting of a shell which can be evacuated and which is filled with a solid, microporous thermal insulating material, is characterized by the fact that at least the end surfaces (3) of the shell (1) consist of material which is a poor thermal conductor, that the microporous thermal insulation material consists of compression-proof and baked fibrillar micro glass fibers, and that the fibrillar micro glass fibers are compacted and pressed into three-dimensional panels (4).

Abstract: A concrete beam connector sleeve has a tubular plastic body with a large dimensional end portion, a funnel portion joining the end portion, a rod guide portion joining the funnel portion, a bolting step joining the rod guide portion and a large dimension portion at the end of the sleeve away from the opposite end of the sleeve. The sleeve is cast in a cement column with the large dimension portion opening into a spandrel-supporting recess and the other large dimension portion opening into the opposite side of the column. A threaded rod mounted in a spandrel seated in the recess extends through the interior of the sleeve and past the bolting step. A nut threaded onto the end of the rod secure the spandrel in place on the column.

Abstract: A sealing device for sealing a joint disposed between two concreting sections, having an impermeable profile preferably fabricated from a synthetic material and cosntructed in a hood form to be open in cross section. The profile is mounted with the free longitudinal edges of its side portions adjacent to a concrete surface, so that a flow channel is formed therein for receiving a sealing medium between the profile and the concrete surface, where the sealing medium can emerge from between the free longitudinal edges of the profile and the concrete surface. A further sealing device is a body fabricated from a foam material or a foam material band, having a rectangular cross section provided with passage pores, the body being mounted to rest on the concrete surface, so that the flow channel for receiving the sealing medium is formed by the body itself, where the sealing medium emerges from the passage pores into the joint area.

Abstract: A hollow decorative object is disclosed which contains inside one or more novelty objects. The hollow decorative object is formed of a hard, but unfired clay material, that is capable of being cut to form an opening into the hollow decorative object through which the one or more novelty objects can be removed without destroying the hollow decorative object. The hollow object may be formed into the general shape of an egg having a flattened base region on which said hollow decorative object can stand without tipping over. The base region is formed having a thickness enabling the easy cutting of an aperture therein through which the one or more novelty objects can be removed from the hollow decorative object without otherwise damaging it.

Abstract: A sealing device for sealing a joint disposed between two concreting sections, having an impermeable profile preferably fabricated from a synthetic material and cosntructed in a hood form to be open in cross section. The profile is mounted with the free longitudinal edges of its side portions adjacent to a concrete surface, so that a flow channel is formed therein for receiving a sealing medium between the profile and the concrete surface, where the sealing medium can emerge from between the free longitudinal edges of the profile and the concrete surface. A further sealing device is a body fabricated from a foam material or a foam material band, having a rectangular cross section provided with passage pores, the body being mounted to rest on the concrete surface, so that the flow channel for receiving the sealing medium is formed by the body itself, where the sealing medium emerges from the passage pores into the joint area.

Abstract: A one-piece, unitary, molded resin wall sleeve precursor has two cup-shaped end sections of external diameter D1 each having a hollow transition section of enlarged diameter that connects the end section to a sleeve of internal diameter D1; one transition section has an outer diameter D2 and the other has an inner diameter just slightly larger than D2. D2 is appreciably larger than D1. A wall sleeve assembly of extended length is derived from two of these precursor members by cutting off the end sections; the precursor members can then be joined with a strong, inexpensive, welded joint to afford a long wall sleeve of consistent internal diameter.

Abstract: A conduit support apparatus for concrete installation which, in the preferred embodiment, includes a collar portion supported above a concrete form by at least one support member, the concrete support apparatus fastened to the concrete form with fasteners which pass through holes in horizontal bottom sections of the support member and into the concrete form, the dimensions of a preferred embodiment of the conduit support apparatus being uniquely balanced to impose a bend on a supported flexible conduit with a curvature within an optimum range of curvatures which is defined between two undesirable limits described by a first small curvature which results in the upper section of the conduit bending back into the form space and a second large curvature which results in the flexible conduit collapsing into itself to reduce the amount of work space within the flexible conduit below an acceptable level.

Abstract: A house can be formed of tires by securing tires in a panel and using the panel to form a wall of a house or other structure.

Abstract: A molded container block for fluidic material is fabricated with opposing sides comprised of a plurality of offset parallel planes interconnected to form interfitting geometric surfaces to allow interlocking and nesting of a plurality of container blocks by the geometric shapes of their exterior surfaces. A port allows filling and removal of materials from the container block. It is recessed into a corner of the container block so it will not interfere with the nesting function or detract from the container block structural strength. The shape of the container block is designed to provide nesting of any exterior surface of the container block with a mating exterior surface of a similar container block and to provide rigidity calculated to enable the container block to be used as a structural building unit.

Abstract: The elements with opening are preferably combined into a lawn plate with openings, whereby these elements with opening are impressed. The plate comprises in its longitudinal direction an indentation whereby a bulge is provided on one side and a narrowing on the other side with a width corresponding to that of an element with opening, and of the paving stone.The individual elements with openings are compatible with paving stones so that these paving stones can be seamlessly adjoined to the element with an opening. When the elements are laid without adjoining paving stones, the plates interlock to provide a pleasant configuration. The arrangement of the individual elements with openings have different dimensions vary within large limits.In another embodiment, the element with an opening is in two parts connected together by a traverse having a smaller thickness.