Abstract: A block for use in constructing a retaining wall system has a front wall and a partition wall formed backwards projecting from the front wall; wherein the partition wall is provided with a communicating hole extending vertically over the entire length thereof through and in which a reinforcing iron rod is disposed or inserted; the partition wall is provided on an upper surface with an upper depression such that the upper depression is enclosed with an upwardly raised peripheral edge portion having a top flat surface and an inner wall surface of the peripheral raised edge portion is gradually widened downwardly from the top surface edge toward the inside of the upper depression; the partition is further provided on a bottom surface with a lower depression such that the lower depression is enclosed with a downwardly reduced peripheral edge portion and an inner wall surface of the peripheral reduced edge portion is gradually narrowed downwardly from the bottom surface of the lower depression toward the bottom ed

Abstract: An interlocking and insulating form pattern assembly used in creating a wall structure for receiving a poured concrete. A first elongate form structure has a substantially rectangular configuration with a height, a length and a width. The first form structure includes a plurality of interiorly and arcuately formed walls which define in combination a first and second pluralities of interconnecting and vertically and longitudinally spaced and parallel extending concrete filling passageways. Tongue and groove portions are extend from first and second sides of each form structure and at least along selected oppositely facing surfaces so as to provide a stacking arrangement of a plurality of form structures to establish a desired height of the wall structure. The stacking arrangement sets upon a footing and receives a poured concrete to fill the vertically and longitudinally extending concrete filling passageways of the forms.

Abstract: The building block is provided. The block is substantially rectangular and has opposed first and second ends. First and second substantially congruent rectangular panels extend between the ends and are joined together by at least one web. Each panel has vertical end edges that are notched to fit with the end edges of another such block. The notches are disposed selectively on inside or outside corners of the respective blocks to enable adjacent blocks to interfit in a vertical joint.

Abstract: The invention is a self-aligning cementitious block and a wall system of such blocks stacked and joined by mortar to form a vertically oriented wall structure, where the block comprises alignment features which correctly align the block relative to the blocks upon which it is stacked such that the side walls are parallel to the side walls of the lower blocks. The alignment features comprise projection members and recess members of corresponding configuration, where the projection members preferably extend downward from the two end walls and the middle wall a distance below the lower longitudinal edges of the side walls, and where the recess members are positioned on the tops of the end walls and middle wall, the recess members of inferior or lower blocks receiving the projection members of a superior or upper block stacked thereupon. Starter blocks with a flat underside and corner blocks are also provided.

Abstract: A novel insulated wall structure is formed with upright hollow thermoplastic extrusions connected together in a row, with the extrusions presenting a row of compartments (15,22,30) adapted to receive concrete (39) extending along the length of the wall structure and a row of compartments (16,23,33) containing or adapted to receive insulation (38) material also extending along the length of the wall along side or in parallel with the row of concrete receiving compartments (15,22,30) whereby when the compartments (15,22,30) adapted to receive concrete (39) are filled with concrete (39) and the insulation (38) receiving compartments (16,23,33) are filled with insulation (38) the insulation (38) in said insulation (38) receiving compartments (16,23,33) is positioned to block heat transfer through the wall.

Abstract: The construction of bearing walls is facilitated by use of superposed courses of planks that are characterized by a novel combination of composition, geometry and arrangement. These planks are composed of a homogenized dispersion of fiber and binder. This material has been found to have a suitably high compression coefficient, to be chemically inert as a practical matter from the standpoint of resistance to atmospheric conditions, and to be inexpensively produced, for example, from used newsprint and the like. The planks generally have identical dimensions, thereby enabling standardized production and ease of assembly. The planks generally are substantially greater in width than in thickness. Pairs of the planks are provided at matched end locations with aligned notches for the reception of inserts that establish spacing and weather-tight joints. The planks are nailed or otherwise interlocked in staggered courses, by which the integrity of the construction is securely maintained.

Abstract: An insulated concrete block and wall assembly. The primary element is an insulated block which consists of two rectangular concrete facings and a rigid solid insulating core. The concrete facings are attached by adhesive to the insulating core. The insulating core has apertures within it to allow vertical reinforcing rod support in a constructed wall. The invention additionally provides an indentation along the top of each insulating core to provide for horizontal re-rod support within the wall itself. The invention provides optimal decrease in thermal conductivity coupled with simplicity of design and transport.

Abstract: A liner for a manhole, inspection chamber or the like comprises one or more sections moulded from synthetic plastics material. The or each section comprises inner and outer skins (2,3) joined together by two series of webs (4,7) extending between and at right angles to the skins (2,3). The webs (4) are disposed at the upper edges (5,6,) of the section and the webs (7) extend between a position below those upper edges (5,6) and a position at its lower end. The upper edges (5,6) and lower periphery (9) of each section are formed so that superposed sections interlock. The arrangement provides an easily installable corrosion resistant load bearing yet light, rigid and deformation resisting structure.

Abstract: A post. The post includes a rigid support structure. The post includes a plurality of pieces. Each piece has a hole extending through it so the piece can fit into the support structure and remain in place on the support structure. Each piece is stackable upon another piece. A method for installing a post. The method includes the steps of placing a rigid support structure on ground. Then there is the step of aligning a hole of a piece over the support structure. Next there is the step of moving the piece down onto the ground so the support structure extends through the hole and the support structure maintains the piece in place. Then there is the step of aligning a hole of another piece over the support structure. Next there is the step of moving the other piece down onto the piece so the support structure extends through the hole of the other piece and the support structure maintains the piece in place. A method of forming a stone for a post.

Abstract: A foam wall assembly including vertical passageways that guide wall support elements. The wall assembly includes a lower end and an upper support element that are affixed to the wall support elements. The foam wall includes inner and outer thermal barriers that thermally isolate the wall support elements.

Abstract: A masonry block includes a top face 20 having a protrusion 23 which is sized to engage the indentation 31 defined in the bottom faced 30 of an adjacent masonry block. The protrusion 23 is flanked by a wide flat surface 21 and a narrow flat surface 22, while the indentation 31 is similarly flanked by a wide flat surface 32 and a narrow flat surface 33. Where the wide flat surface 21 of a lower masonry block is adjacent to the narrow flat surface 33 of an upper masonry block, a retaining wall 100 having an angle of repose results. Where the wide flat surface 21 of the lower masonry block is adjacent to the wide flat surface 32 of the upper masonry block, a freestanding wall 110 that is vertically oriented results.

Abstract: A retaining wall block includes blocks of different sizes that are configured to be compatible with each other in the construction of a retaining wall or free-standing wall. Each block has at least three faces which are textured to produce the appearance of natural stone. The faces have varying sizes based on variations in width.

Abstract: A masonry system including three types of different individual masonry blocks that can be stacked to form recessed horizontal and vertical belts in a wall formed from the masonry blocks. The masonry system includes a horizontal block having a decorative band extending horizontally along a front face surface of the horizontal block. The horizontal decorative band is recessed from the front face surface. The masonry system further includes a vertical block having a decorative band extending vertically in the front face surface of the vertical block. The vertical decorative band is recessed from the front face surface. The masonry system further includes an intersect block having both a horizontal decorative band and a vertical decorative band joined to each other. The intersect block can be positioned to provide the required transition between horizontal and vertical belts formed in a wall assembled by using the masonry system of the present invention.

Abstract: An interlocking block for constructing walls without mortar at bed joints includes an inner wall, an outer wall, and a web arrangement connecting the walls, wherein upper and lower surfaces of the block when in use are formed in contact with walls of a mold, and the block is slipped from the mold in a direction parallel to the mold walls. Interlocking recesses and ridges are formed in one piece with the walls of the block. The web is minimal in cross-sectional area and is positioned at one end of the block and between the top and bottom to create large empty volumes defining vertical and horizontal passages. The block can include one or more intermediate walls parallel to the inner and outer walls and additional webs to connect the intermediate walls to the inner and outer walls.

Abstract: An insulated building block system for use in building walls and other structures. Each full block has sidewalls and endwalls with a generally open interior and flat upper and lower surfaces. Two vertical ridges are provided along the interior of one sidewall, with a protrusion extending above the upper surface. The ridges are located such that an upper block arranged in staggered relationship to a block in a lower course will interlock with the lower block. Recesses are provided in the interior endwall surfaces to retain a thermal insulation panel against the interior sidewall surface opposite the ridges. Half blocks are also provided to fill spaces in wall end surfaces between staggered full blocks. The half blocks have open interiors for placement of insulation panels and include ridges for interlocking with protrusions on adjacent full blocks.

Abstract: A block assembly and wall system wherein a block of masonry, or other material is provided with a vertical through opening having an enlarged and offset lower portion and a smaller upper portion. An interlock element has an enlarged offset upper portion and a smaller lower portion to provide for insertion of the latter into the upper portion of a block opening. The upper portion of the element is entered into the lower portion of an adjacent block placed atop the first block. The blocks are thus secured in position horizontally and, alternatively, the blocks may be secured vertically or in a "battered" wall construction. That is, with the connecting elements in a first attitude, a conventional vertical wall is provided whereas a 180.degree. (one hundred eighty degrees) rotation of the elements about their vertical axis results in a "battered" wall.

Abstract: The invention is a composite masonry block having a front surface and a back surface which are adjoined by first and second side surfaces, as well as a top surface and a bottom surface. Each of the side surfaces has an inset extending from the block top surface to the block bottom surface. The block top surface has one or more protrusions positioned adjacent the first and second insets on the block top surface. The block also has a protrusion which has an angled side wall, the angle being at least about 20.degree. from vertical. The protrusion is positioned on the block so that it will mate with any opening of an adjacently positioned course. In use, the blocks may be stacked to provide an interlocking structure wherein the protrusions of one block interfit or mate within the insets of another block.

Abstract: A constructional component for a wall structure capable of resisting high gravity and lateral loads, both uniform and cyclical, is defined by a partially hollow building block having a generally solid rectangular exterior configuration in which one entire end surface of the building block exhibits a positive deep key geometry and the opposing end surface exhibits a negative deep key geometry, complemental to the positive geometry of the opposite end. Deep key interlocks also exist between opposing horizontal block surface. As partition between vertical cavities of the block narrows in the negative vertical direction. There is resultingly created a substantially rigid and load-resilient interlock between vertical and horizontal complemental surfaces when joined as components of a wall structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a prefabricated concrete formwork module that may be assembled with others similar modules in the manner of a brick wall to form a mold into which concrete is poured. The formwork module has a reinforcing structure preferably made of parallel grids connected by transverse tie-rods. It also has a pair of opposite panels forming spaced apart longitudinal side-walls. It further has arms defining a bridge for providing stability between adjacent modules when assembled to form a wall. Preferably, the panels are made of an insulating material.

Abstract: An interlocking building block for use in constructing mortarless walls in which the block has a first face shell in spaced relationship with a second face shell which define opposed inner surfaces for the block. Between the face shells, there stands at least one transversely-disposed bridge portion and a transverse end portion which defines an operatively outer surface for the block and which closes one end of the block between the first and second face shells. A grouting cavity is formed between the transverse end portion and a bridge portion. Both the transversely-disposed bridge portions and the transverse end portion have integrally-formed projections which extend above the height of the block on an operatively-upper surface and corresponding recesses are formed in an operatively lower surface of the block.

Abstract: A foundation structure for supporting a superstructure utilizing a first block and a second block, with a third block disposed between the first and second blocks. Each block includes a top, bottom, and sidewall portion, as well as an interlocking mechanism. At least one chase extends through each of the blocks. The chases are alignable with one another to permit use of an elongated member such as a rod or wire rope which passes through all of the blocks when they are placed in side-by-side orientation. The elongated members are tensioned, causing compression of the blocks into a foundation unit with a contiguous top surface. A superstructure is supported to the top surface of the foundation unit.

Abstract: Construction blocks having a generally octagonal configuration. The octagonal shape is defined by first through eighth external side portions respectively connected end-to-end to define an octagonal shape with respective first through eighth corners; a transverse chord portion extending from said first corner to said fourth corner; a perpendicular segment portion extending perpendicularly from said transverse chord portion to said third corner defining a right angled cutout; an angled segment portion extending from said second corner to said transverse chord portion defining a triangle cutout; and a middle cutout defined by said triangle cutout, said right angle cutout and said transverse cord portion.

Abstract: A multi-coursed stackable block structure having a system for forming a corner. The corner is formed by a two pieced beveled corner unit system to form a miter joint. The beveled corner units are stacked on top of one another to form the corner. A pin and aperture system may be used to reinforce and strengthen the two pieced mitered corner unit system in the wall construction. Additionally, the corner system provides for alternating the length of the corner units such that there is a substantial overlap between the corner units and standard wall block units to maintain the structural integrity of the corner and to maintain a strong structural relationship between the corner the surrounding block units. The corner system also allows for the maintenance of a running half bond in the structure to create a more stable and better visually appearing corner and wall construction.

Abstract: A trenchless landscape edging system and corresponding components and methods are disclosed. The system includes a plurality of anchoring members, an edging member having no or substantially no barrier extending downwardly therefrom and corresponding interconnecting or adjoining blocks having recesses disposed therein. The blocks, in combination with the anchoring members and the edging member, may be employed to separate adjoining lawn, garden, walkway, driveway or other areas from one another. The present invention permits the effects of undesired displacement forces acting on the blocks, such as frost heave, to be reduced or minimized and further permits rapid installation of the system since no trench for receiving lawn edging need be excavated.

Abstract: This invention is to provide a structure unit comprising a lightweight cellular resign block and plural bricks laid thereon. A cellular resign block 1 is integrally molded from suitable foamable resign so as to include vertical grooves 3 at the transversely opposite extremities, a vertical bar passage 5 at the transversely middle, and mortar wells 8 extending on the upper end of the block 1. Brick 20 is adhesively laid on surface of the block 1 using elastic mortar to form a structure unit A. Vertical reinforcing bars are inserted into vertical grooves 3 as well as into the middle vertical bar passage 5 and then mortal is poured into the mortar wells 8 to carry out work of masonry. For the blocks in every other stage, portions of vertical partitions 4 extending above the mortar wells 8 are broken away to form horizontal bar supports. Thus, a desired exterior structure such as wall, gatepost or the like in the same manner as with concrete blocks.

Abstract: A structural block has a body which is yieldable in a transverse direction; and a plurality of reinforcing elements provided on the body and extending in a vertical direction, so that loads applied in a vertical direction are adequately taken by said reinforcing elements, while under the action of transverse forces the body can yield and therefore the whole structural element can yield.

Abstract: An after-wet-adhesion building-block system has building blocks (1) with moisture-conveyance means from outside surfaces (4) to adhesive material (3) in a dry state between the building blocks for set-up adhesion after construction. The moisture-conveyance means can be design moisture porosity of the building blocks or such features as moisture-conveyance sections (16), moisture-conveyance contact surfaces of blocks, or moisture-conveyance material (13) intermediate the building blocks. The adhesive in a dry state can be pre-applied, applied with a brush or other applicator, contained in a paper or other moisture-conveyance material that is laid on the blocks successively during construction, sprinkled on with an applicator, or applied otherwise in a dry state.

Abstract: A method and resulting structural building unit wherein a central element has a plurality of channel shaped grooves on at least one side with surface slabs adhesively secured to opposite sides of said central element. Plug-in junction connectors are disposed for alignment and spacing of adjacent ones of said structures by insertion onto said grooves. A heating element is disposed within the channel shaped grooves. The central element has a tongue on one edge and a groove corresponding to the tongue on an opposite edge. At least at one side of said central element, surface slabs may be hingedly fixed. An air-conditioning installation may be disposed within said channel shaped grooves. A process for making structural building units for use in structural engineering wherein in a first step a plurality of channel shaped grooves are disposed on at least one side of the central element.

Abstract: Block assembly for use in retaining wall systems. The block assembly includes a body having a front surface, a rear surface, a top surface, and a bottom surface. A formed recess is located within the block having a recess opening extending out the front surface, for accepting a light fixture assembly. A light fixture assembly may be positioned within the recess and coupled to a power source.

Abstract: The modular pillar is assembled by overlaying precast brick layers, one on top of the other to form a pillar of such layers. Each layer has a depression, groove, channel, cut-out, or the like, of recessing one of its horizontal surfaces for interlocking mating with a corresponding elevation or protrusion on the adjacent horizontal surface of the next adjacent layer.

Abstract: An insulated concrete form system for constructing the walls of a structure including a multiplicity of insulated concrete form units. Each insulated concrete form unit includes a body, a tenon and a mortise positioned at opposing ends of the body, and at least one opening extending substantially vertically through the body. Each insulated concrete form unit may further include at least one cavity extending through the body for receiving concrete. Each insulated concrete form unit is stacked vertically on one another to form a column. Thus, an insulated form system features a series of adjacent columns that are joined together to form the walls of a desired structure. In particular, adjacent columns are joined by offsetting the vertical height of one column relative to an adjoining column. Accordingly, each mortise and tenon from one insulated concrete form unit of one column joins in an offset manner with the mortises and tenons of at least two concrete form units from an adjacent column.

Abstract: A plantable retaining wall block having a plant-receiving cavity located in a top surface thereof. The block is constructed so that the plant-receiving cavity lies between portions of side walls which are generally parallel with a front face of the block. The shape of the block is such that a nearly vertical retaining wall may be constructed such that each plant-receiving cavity is substantially exposed to allow vegetation to be planted. The wall block may include a connection member or an alignment member to allow the block to be stabilized and aligned with blocks in adjacent rows of a retaining wall.

Abstract: Interlocking building blocks of varying widths having projections and recesses positioned to allow the blocks to be staggered by one-half the length of a block in vertically adjacent blocks so as to form complex architectural features, including corners and T-walls. The blocks overlap at the ends and have L-shaped profiles so that the block's inner and outer faces are interchangeable. Reinforcement bars are accommodated in grooves disposed on a bottom surface of the blocks so as to be adjacent to wall openings for windows, doors and the like.

Abstract: A protected-membrane roof paving system (10) and blocks (12) for use therein. Rectangular ballast blocks (12) are laid in rows. The blocks (12) have channels providing for drainage and equalization of air pressure above and below the blocks (12) under adverse wind conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a molded brick module including two opposite outer surface portions and a middle connecting portion. The surface portion each is integrally formed from two offset strata, such that two pairs of adjacent edges of the outer stratum respectively project beyond and withdraw from two corresponding pairs of adjacent edges of the inner stratum. Engagement of the projected edges on one molded brick module with the corresponding withdrawn edges on the other molded brick module permits two modules to fit together. Cylinders with insertion holes are provided on inner side of two opposite inner strata. The connecting portion has a concavo-concave cross section and includes a central connecting circle and two side connecting semicircles to form communicable passages in the brick module for mounting conduits, bar reinforcements, etc. and for grouting concrete. Epoxy resin may be applied on the surface portions for paving the modules with tiles.

Abstract: A cast cementitious block for constructing a low-rise interconnected ornamental wall having a first course of the blocks placed side-by-side and a second course of the blocks stacked in side-by-side relation on the first course and off-set relative the first course. The blocks define a bottom surface and an opposing top surface, a front face and an opposing back face, and two opposing sides that each define side faces between the front face and the back face. The top surface defines a recessed cavity having an alignment point, and the block further defines a bore extending therethrough and open at the top surface and the bottom surface. The longitudinal axis of the bores of the blocks in the second course align with respective alignment points of the recessed cavities of the blocks in the first course. Adhesive fills the aligned recessed cavities and at least a portion of the respective bores. The adhesive cures to define rivets interconnecting the blocks in the first and the second courses.

Abstract: A facing element 20 is formed from cast concrete and provided with a connecting member 23 located in a recess 22. The element is particularly appropriate for use in combination with flexible reinforcing strips. The connecting member may be a simple molded cylinder of plastics or alternatively it may be partly or wholly formed of concrete and be cast integrally with the rest of the facing element. The casting may be facilitated by means of a plastic shell which is set into the concrete and defines the connecting member and recess. To strengthen the connecting member, a reinforcing bar passes through its center.

Abstract: A building construction block includes a body made of a rigid material and having a substantially rectangular-shaped main portion, a wedge-shaped offset portion formed integral with the main portion, a pair of opposite side surfaces, a bottom surface, a top surface, a front surface and a rear surface. The top surface and opposite side surfaces are defined on both the main and offset portions. The rear and bottom surfaces are defined on the main portion. The front surface is defined on the offset portion and extends in a generally inclined direction from the bottom surface to the top surface and away from the rear surface. A first part of the top surface on the main portion receives and supports a first building component over the main portion, while a second part of the top surface on the offset portion receives and supports a second building component over the offset portion.

Abstract: An insulated building block system for use in building walls and other structures. Each full block has sidewalls and endwalls with a generally open interior and flat upper and lower surfaces. Two vertical ridges are provided along the interior of one sidewall, with a protrusion extending above the upper surface. The ridges are located such that an upper block arranged in staggered relationship to a block in a lower course will interlock with the lower block. Recesses are provided in the interior endwall surfaces to retain a thermal insulation panel against the interior sidewall surface opposite the ridges. Half blocks are also provided to fill spaces in wall end surfaces between staggered full blocks. The half blocks have open interiors for placement of insulation panels and include ridges for interlocking with protrusions on adjacent full blocks.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a concrete masonry block used to construct masonry walls in a building. The concrete masonry block has an external plate or plates that are anchored through the concrete masonry block. The external plate or plates many cover a small or substantial portion of the external surfaces of the concrete masonry block. The casting machine that casts the concrete masonry block receives the external plate or plates and anchors into the mold prior to casting the concrete masonry block. During casting, concrete is formed around the anchors, but inside the external plates. Thereafter, walls are built using some of the cured concrete masonry blocks with external plates at preselected locations to anchor things to the wall by attaching to the plates. Such masonry blocks are particularly useful in constructing buildings that must be structurally strong, functional, and easy to maintain.

Abstract: A masonry system in which specially shaped brick are dry-stacked and subsequently bonded by pouring mortar or grout into apertures in the brick to flow through the stacked structure to surround the individual brick leaving the front and rear faces exposed. The brick have alignment projections extending from the bottom bed faces which register with alignment grooves in the top bed faces of the lower brick to align the upper brick prior to bonding. The projections and grooves define a recess to admit mortar between adjacent brick faces. The brick also have recesses in the header faces to admit mortar between adjacent header faces. The front faces of the brick are contoured to create the appearance of mortar joints when the brick are stacked. The brick may be manufactured by extrusion, wire cutting and final shaping using suitable blades to achieve the desired finished shape. If desired, certain apertures through the brick may be covered over using a suitably shaped blade operating under appropriate conditions.

Abstract: A novel concrete block having six generally planar faces to provide a retaining wall for retaining a bank of earth. The retaining wall includes a lower tier of a plurality of separate abutting bottom blocks; an intermediate tier of a plurality of separate abutting intermediate blocks; and at least one upper tier of a plurality of separate abutting blocks. Each concrete block of each tier has six generally-planar faces, consisting of two planar end faces, a front planar face and a rear planar face, the front planar face and the rear planar face having a plurality of drainage ducts extending therebetween, an upper planar face and a lower planar face. Each upper planar face differs from the lower planar face of each block by a particular recited structure. As well, particularly defined locking interrelationships are provided between the individual blocks of the tiers of blocks.

Abstract: A building block with integral hand hold and a method for making same. As with standard prior art masonry blocks, the building block of the present invention includes a central transverse web which provides structural rigidity to the block and divides the interior space of the block into two substantially equal sized areas. However, the building block of the present invention includes a cut-out completely through the central transverse web which facilitates placement of a mason's fingers therein in order to grasp and lift the block. A preferred method for making the blocks includes the use of a mold which allows the transverse web to be formed with the rest of the block, with the central cut-out then being punched out of the transverse web prior to kiln drying the block.

Abstract: An earth stabilization structure and methods for making and using thereof are provided. The structure comprises a compressed annular tire wall stack unit encased in a reinforced matrix shell. The structure is preferably octagonal and cross-sectioned and preferably have a hollow core. The structure has welding elements for fixedly attaching adjacent structures together in the form of weld elements from any adjacent structures to be welded together. A stabilization wall is also provided by rigidly attaching a plurality obstructors together using the weld elements. The method involves providing a mold having a central pipe, compacting a plurality of tire sidewalls to provide a compacted annular tire wall stack unit (bundle), placing the bundle over the pipe, placing weld elements at the bottom of the mold, placing concrete in the mold, permitting the concrete to solidify, and removing the resultant structure from the mold.

Abstract: A cementitious structural member has a high volume of encapsulated captive air and has an unusually high compressive and shear strength.

Abstract: A method wherein structures can be assembled using blocks that form a lattice network which can be filled with a reinforcing material, said blocks being capable of serving as a permanent form that provides a finished exterior surface.

Abstract: A retaining wall construction using courses of lightweight hollow timbers molded from plastic and having interfit portions and the adjacent bottom and top edges which seal the spaces between the courses. Vertical whaler posts connected to the rear face of the timbers and connecting bars extending to the rear of the wall equipped with deadman paddles stabilize the wall. Splicer pieces are received in each set of abutting ends of the timbers and are connected to the respective timbers.

Abstract: A building comprising an exterior wall having an outer air convection layer provided therein with an lower opening communicating with an atmosphere and an upper opening communicating with an atmosphere and an inner air convection layer provided therein with a lower opening communicating with an atmosphere and an upper opening communicating with a garret space, which in turn communicates through a ridge venting hood with an atmosphere.

Abstract: Refractory door jamb assemblies for high temperature furnaces. The door jamb assemblies include alternating courses of refractory brick shapes, selected ones of which are fitted with apertures that are aligned as by drilling, when the bricks are installed. One or more steel rods are inserted through the aligned apertures to fasten and retain the bricks in the desired position so as to cooperatively act with the bricks and prevent them from moving when subjected to thermal and mechanical forces encountered in use.

Abstract: A masonry unit having a pair of spaced supporting parts and an insulating malleable member snugly received therebetween and lockingly engaged thereto. Grooves in the insulating member surfaces receive malleable adjacent land portions for accommodating supporting parts which are enlarged due to mold wear over a long-term period of production.