Polyhedron Patents (Class 52/DIG10)
  • Patent number: 6152797
    Abstract: The present invention is for a modeling kit in which triangularly shaped panels fit together to form the faces of either tetrahedral or octahedral modules. Centrally located in the triangularly shaped panels are face-to-face interlocking mechanisms which allow different modules to be releasably attached to each other at matching faces. Multiple interlocking modules may then be used to model complex constructs such as lattices, matrices or crystalline structures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 30, 1996
    Date of Patent: November 28, 2000
    Inventor: Hollister David
  • Patent number: 6076318
    Abstract: An arcuate structure containing at least sixty six-sided building blocks, and said six-sided building blocks are independently able to provide means for connecting one of said six-sided building blocks to at least one of said six-sided building blocks. The outside face of the six-sided block has a substantially rhomboidal shape, and is substantially parallel to the inside face of the six-sided block. The right edges and the left edges have equal lengths and form equal angles with the inside face and outside face. The left and right sides of the six-sided block are congruent with each other, are in the shape of a parallelogram, and contain two recesses and two projections within their borders.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 22, 1999
    Date of Patent: June 20, 2000
    Assignee: PolyCeramics, Inc.
    Inventors: Thomas J. Grimm, Peter A. Roberts
  • Patent number: 6070373
    Abstract: A structure formed from a new family of polyhedral models and rigid structures. The structure having discrete interior and exterior elements, and is formed from a plurality of rigid-stellate polygonal modules. Each rigid-stellate polygonal module has at least three polygonal structures coupled to a rigid stellate connector or axis by a base edge. The angle subtended between each of the at least three polygonal structures may be varied by changing the connector.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 25, 1996
    Date of Patent: June 6, 2000
    Inventor: Gary Diamond
  • Patent number: 6059631
    Abstract: Toy building pieces are disclosed which may be advantageously used in conjunction with a variety of different shaped framing pieces or connectors for building of structures such as polyhedral figures, geodesic domes or many other structures. One or more faces of the building pieces have interlocking devices and have an aperture in the surface thereof to receive a thin rectangular shape such as a craft stick, or a circular shaped end of a framing piece of various cross-section or connectors which are I-shaped in cross-section. Other faces of the piece may incorporate piece interconnection devices, which may include for example: especially configured angular connection pieces which can be used in conjunction with other pieces to construct polyhedral figures, other pieces designed for hinged connection; a dovetail tongue on one part adapted to engage a dovetail groove on another part; or a tongue projecting from a face to engage one of the apertures. Other interconnecting devices are also contemplated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 8, 1998
    Date of Patent: May 9, 2000
    Inventor: Paul Thomas Maddock
  • Patent number: 5996288
    Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel architectural joints for use in constructing geodesic domes. The joints disclosed are less costly to manufacture and are of increased strength over prior art joints. Through the use of the joints disclosed, construction of novel geodesic domes not found in the prior art is now possible.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 20, 1997
    Date of Patent: December 7, 1999
    Inventor: Ernest G Aiken
  • Patent number: 5992120
    Abstract: The present invention provides a transformable linked structure, a deployable diagonal structure, a plane stowage-type deployable truss and a line stowage-type deployable truss with high rigidity and reliability constituted by the above-described transformable linked structure and the above-described deployable diagonal structure, and also provides a plane/line stowage truss structure extremely approximated to a spherical surface using the two types of deployable trusses. The present invention discloses a module linked structure for linking deployable trusses securely and a holding/releasing mechanism for realizing reliable holding and release. Further, the present invention provides a modular deployable antenna with high precision even if it is large-sized which is realized by spreading mesh on the plane/line stowage truss structure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 22, 1998
    Date of Patent: November 30, 1999
    Assignee: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
    Inventors: Akira Meguro, Jin Mitsugi, Kazuhide Ando
  • Patent number: 5937589
    Abstract: A rod joint serves as a construction element of a load-bearing structure for supporting a glass wall or glass roof. A plurality of rods are joined together in the joint by a screwed tab connection. The rod joint (10) is distinguished in that the rods (12-22) abut one another, pressing nonpositively against one another, with their end regions each via at least one end face region and that the end regions of the rods, located in the joint are held, screwed together between two cover disks.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 11, 1997
    Date of Patent: August 17, 1999
    Assignee: Helmut Fischer GmbH
    Inventor: Klaus Fischer
  • Patent number: 5931420
    Abstract: An deployable truss structure is herein disclosed in which the deterioration of an deployable reliability with the increase in the number of constitutional parts is prevented and in which even if the number of the mechanical parts of the whole structure is increased, a stable deployable reliability is established with regard to one deploying operation of the structure. A dividable asynchronous deployable truss structure is constituted of a plurality of segments and a segment binding deployable truss structure. The dividable asynchronous deployable truss structure independently carries out the deployment as one deployment unit comprising the segment and two side structures in the segment binding deployable truss structure directly bound thereto for every deployment unit, whereby the number of parts involved in one deploying operation can be decreased and a high deployment reliability can be ensured.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 18, 1998
    Date of Patent: August 3, 1999
    Assignees: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha, Advanced Space Communications Research Laboratory
    Inventors: Mitsuteru Yamato, Jun Nakagawa, Hiroaki Tsunoda, Kenichi Hariu
  • Patent number: 5921048
    Abstract: A structural member having greatly enhanced load bearing capacity per unit weight has a plurality of helical components wrapped around a longitudinal axis. The helical components have straight segments rigidly connected end to end in a helical configuration. In a basic repeating unit, three helical components have a common angular orientation, a common longitudinal axis, and are spaced apart from each other at equal distances. Another three reverse helical components also have a common angular orientation, a common longitudinal axis, and are spaced apart from each other at equal distances, but have an opposing angular orientation. These six helical components appear as a triangle when viewed along the axis due to the straight segments. An additional six helical are configured as above but rotated with respect to the first six components such that the member appears as a six-pointed star when viewed from the axis.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 10, 1997
    Date of Patent: July 13, 1999
    Assignee: Brigham Young University
    Inventors: Larry R. Francom, David W. Jensen
  • Patent number: 5907931
    Abstract: A spherical structure is formed by assembling a plurality of elementary constructs each of which is composed of three first triangular elements, three second triangular elements, three third triangular elements, and three fourth triangular elements. These triangular basic elements are different-sized triangular frameworks covered by respectively corresponding panels. A self-supporting spherical radome or other spherical structures can be constructed from a random distribution of these four basic elements by repeatedly arranging the elementary constructs assembled by the basic elements. Only four different triangular basic elements are required for constructing and dovetailing the whole spherical structure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 10, 1998
    Date of Patent: June 1, 1999
    Assignee: Chung Shan Institute of Science & Technology
    Inventor: En-Yuan Sun
  • Patent number: 5904006
    Abstract: A module for a construction system is disclosed which can be used to form building panels and three-dimensional structures that may include self-supporting cladding. In one form the basic module (10, FIG. 1A, drawing ?e!) is formed from two pleated hexagonal plates (11a and 14a) joined together at their peripheries with their concave sides together and with the ridges on one opposite the valleys of the other. Each plate is formed from a blank (11 and 14, respectively) which is a hexagon distorted by extending the radii which will form the valleys of the plate with respect to the radii of a regular hexagon (drawings ?a! and ?b!).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 21, 1996
    Date of Patent: May 18, 1999
    Assignee: Keith Ashley Sutton
    Inventor: Ronald James Evans
  • Patent number: 5893237
    Abstract: An inflatable tent construction 10 including a wall unit 11, and a roof unit 12 fabricated from fifteen side panels 40 wherein each side panel 40 comprises a panel member 30 surrounded by two inflatable side channels 21, 22, and an inflatable base channel 23 that define generally identically shaped equilateral triangles. The wall unit comprises first and second groups of five panel members 30, respectively, and the roof unit 12 comprises a third group of five panel members 30 to create the pentadecahedron configuration of the wall 11 and roof 12 units of the tent construction.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 26, 1998
    Date of Patent: April 13, 1999
    Inventors: Michael J. Ryon, Michael E. Ochs
  • Patent number: 5873206
    Abstract: An arcuate building structure containing at least three five-sided building blocks, at least three six-sided building blocks, and said five-sided and six-sided building blocks are independently able to provide means for connecting one of said five-sided building blocks to at least one of said six-sided building blocks. The top side of the six-sided block has a substantially triangular shape, and is substantially parallel to the bottom side of the six-sided block. The front side of the six-sided block has a substantially trapezoidal shape with a top edge, a bottom edge, a right edge, and a left edge. The right edge and the left edge have equal lengths and form equal angles with the bottom edge. The back side of the six-sided block has a substantially triangular shape with at least two sides equal in length to each other. The left and right sides of the six-sided block are congruent with each other, are in the shape of a parallelogram, and contain a recess and projection within their borders.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 6, 1997
    Date of Patent: February 23, 1999
    Assignee: PolyCeramics, Inc.
    Inventor: Peter A. Roberts
  • Patent number: 5867947
    Abstract: The invention comprises a folding pyramidal structure in which one or several people can be introduced, being designed to bear extreme loads derived from collapsing of the building provoked by large intensity seismic waves. The particular configuration of the structure allows it to break or deviate structural elements, such as planks, beams and armatures of the collapsing building, falling on it and creating niches, thus allowing its occupants to exit from the enclosure or remaining alive under the rubble, being rescued opportunely. In case of failure of the building during a large intensity earthquake, the niches formed with the help of this structure may avoid death of its occupants.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 8, 1997
    Date of Patent: February 9, 1999
    Inventors: Ignacio Holtz Hale, Luis Geller Ehrenwald
  • Patent number: 5816009
    Abstract: A load bearing structure having a set of uniform voids functions to resolve the forces imposed by developing compression in the material having the voids and minimizing the amount of tension developed in the material. The voids are deployed to encompass a matrix of points arranged such that each point is spaced an equal distance from twelve and only twelve adjacent matrix points. If the structure is considered to be composed of a closely packed set of hypothetical rhombic dodecahedra (RD) and the four-edge vertices of each of those hypothetical RDs is truncated, the result will be a set of cubic voids. The center of each of those cubic voids will define the matrix referred to above and the cubic voids will serve to provide the optimum resolution of stress which minimizes the development of tension in the material. One in four of the hypothetical RDs can be eliminated achieving the same force resolution in a structure containing less material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 18, 1997
    Date of Patent: October 6, 1998
    Assignee: Hexas LLC
    Inventor: Charles R. Owens
  • Patent number: 5787671
    Abstract: The present invention provides a transformable linked structure, a deployable diagonal structure, a plane stowage-type deployable truss and a line stowage-type deployable truss with high rigidity and reliability constituted by the above-described transformable linked structure and the above-described deployable diagonal structure, and also provides a plane/line stowage truss structure extremely approximated to a spherical surface using the two types of deployable trusses. The present invention discloses a module linked structure for linking deployable trusses securely and a holding/releasing mechanism for realizing reliable holding and release. Further, the present invention provides a modular deployable antenna with high precision even if it is large-sized which is realized by spreading mesh on the plane/line stowage truss structure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 28, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 4, 1998
    Assignee: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp.
    Inventors: Akira Meguro, Jin Mitsugi, Kazuhide Ando
  • Patent number: 5775040
    Abstract: A family of non-convex and convex tiles which can be tiled together to fill a planar surface in a periodic or non-periodic manner. The tiles are derived from planar space frames composed of a plurality of regular p-sided polygonal nodes coupled by a plurality of struts. p is any odd number greater than three and an even number greater than six. The nodes and struts, along with the areas bounded by them, make up a tiling system. In addition, the lines joining the along the center lines of the struts define a large family of convex and non-convex tiles. The convex tiles include zonogons, and the non-convex tiles include tiles with one or more concave vertices including singly-concave, bi-concave (doubly-concave), multiply-concave and S-shaped tiles. The tiles can be converted to 3-dimensional space-filling blocks. When these blocks are hollow and inter-connected, architectural environments are possible.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 18, 1996
    Date of Patent: July 7, 1998
    Inventor: Haresh Lalvani
  • Patent number: 5771639
    Abstract: A shelter (1) comprising an array of substantially rigid panels (2, 3, 4) hingedly joined together, the arrangement being such that a central polygonal roof panel (2) is surrounded by a number of wall panels (3) equal in number to the sides of the polygon, each wall panel having an edge hingedly attached to an edge of the roof panel, and a tension element (20) being arranged to extend along the edges of the wall panels remote from the roof panel in such a way that by applying tension to the tension element, adjacent edges of respective wall panels can be brought together to form a three-dimensional structure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 20, 1995
    Date of Patent: June 30, 1998
    Inventors: Marcus Bennett Wood, Wendy Margaret Wood
  • Patent number: 5732518
    Abstract: An arcuate building structure containing at least three five-sided building blocks, at least three six-sided building blocks, and said five-sided and six-sided building blocks are independently able to provide means for connecting one of said five-sided building blocks to at least one of said six-sided building blocks. The top side of the six-sided block has a substantially triangular shape, and is substantially parallel to the bottom side of the six-sided block. The front side of the six-sided block has a substantially trapezoidal shape with a top edge, a bottom edge, a right edge, and a left edge. The right edge and the left edge have equal lengths and form equal angles with the bottom edge. The back side of the six-sided block has a substantially triangular shape with at least two sides equal in length to each other.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 11, 1996
    Date of Patent: March 31, 1998
    Assignee: PolyCeramics, Inc.
    Inventor: Peter A. Roberts
  • Patent number: 5660003
    Abstract: A structural frame is composed of a series of struts which are arranged in a particular fashion that steers the stress applied to the frame so as to minimize development of tension and maximize the resolution of the stress in terms of compression. The frame is composed of a plurality of unicubes which are twelve equal length struts arranged to form the edges of a cube and eight additional equal length struts extending out from each corner of the cube. Each of the eight outwardly extending struts forming an equal angle with each of the three cube edge struts to which it is connected. The outboard ends of these outwardly extending struts are connected together so that sets of four such outboard strut ends are connected to form a network of these unicubes, which network constitutes the structural frame.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 8, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 26, 1997
    Inventor: Charles R. Owens
  • Patent number: 5623790
    Abstract: Nine different classes of polyhedral structures based on surface subdivisions of the infinite class of plane-faced zonohedra. The structures fit together periodically or non-periodically into a variety of orderly and irregular-looking space structures including polyhedra with plane or curved faces, single-, double-, multi-layered and multi-directional space-filling building systems, plane-faced and curved space labyrinths. The surfaces of curved faces could be continuously curved surfaces, or facetted polygonal surfaces or minimal surfaces. The curves surfaces could be flexible nets in tension used by themselves or in combination with space frames, or stiff shell-like surfaces, and the edges could be hinged or fixed to others. The plane faces could be panels or folded plates, and the straight edges could be converted into struts, and the vertices into nodes.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 25, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 29, 1997
    Inventor: Haresh Lalvani
  • Patent number: 5615528
    Abstract: A load bearing structure having a set of uniform voids functions to resolve the forces imposed by developing compression in the material having the voids and minimizing the amount of tension developed in the material. For the voids to have this function, they must be deployed in a particular fashion. The voids are deployed to encompass a particular set of points. The set of points are such that each point in the matrix is spaced an equal distance from twelve and only twelve adjacent points of the matrix. The distance between the points does not matter as long as all are uniformly distanced in accordance with that rule. If the structure is considered to be composed of a closely packed set of hypothetical rhombic dodecahedra (RD) and the four edge vertices of each of those hypothetical RDs is truncated, the result will be a set of cubic voids.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 14, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 1, 1997
    Inventor: Charles R. Owens
  • Patent number: 5611187
    Abstract: A construction system for making latticework structures comprising connectors and rods. Each connector has a base portion with at least two side portions and opposing faces. A first attaching element is attached to a first side portion of the base portion. Second and third attaching elements are secured in axial alignment at spaced locations to a second side portion of the base portion. Respective connectors can be interconnected to each other by placing the first attaching element of one connector between the second and third axially aligned attaching elements of another connector and passing a rod through aligned receiving openings in each of the first, second and third attaching elements. Many of these connectors and rods may be assembled to form larger structures such as cubes, pyramids and other polyhedrons. The connectors themselves may take various shapes such as triangles, sectors and trapezoids.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 7, 1995
    Date of Patent: March 18, 1997
    Inventor: Richard H. Jones
  • Patent number: 5603188
    Abstract: An architectural body having a quasicrystal structure formed from a lattice framework, plate framework, or lattice-membrane framework. The lattice framework comprises elongated members connected at nodes corresponding to computer generated vertex positions from a computer program. The plate framework comprises rhombus shaped plates formed into cells of either an acute rhombic hexahedron or an obtuse rhombic hexahedron. The cells are fastened together to form the quasicrystal structure. The lattice-membrane structure is formed by a lattice framework which is then covered by a tensile membrane.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 8, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 18, 1997
    Inventor: Anthony S. Robbin
  • Patent number: 5575125
    Abstract: A family of convex and non-convex tiles which can be tiled together to fill a planar surface in a periodic or non-periodic manner. The tiles are derived from planar space frames composed of a plurality of regular p-sided polygonal nodes coupled by a plurality of struts. p is any odd number greater than three and an even number greater than four. The nodes and struts, along with the areas bounded by them, make up a tiling system. In addition, the lines joining the along the center lines of the struts define a large family of convex and non-convex tiles. The convex tiles include zonogons, and the non-convex tiles include tiles with one or more concave vertices. The latter comprise singly-concave, bi-concave and S-shaped tiles. The tiles can be converted to 3-dimensional space-filling blocks. When these blocks are hollow and inter-connected, architectural environments are possible.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 15, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 19, 1996
    Inventor: Haresh Lalvani
  • Patent number: 5566516
    Abstract: A spherical grid for constructing geodesic spheres and portions of spheres. The grid includes a plurality of links interconnecting with a plurality of hubs arranged in a geodesic configuration. The hubs have a cylindrical shape with top and bottom planar surfaces and five or six attachment positions equally spaced around the hub. Each attachment position has radially-extending holes equally spaced around the hub. The links have square recessed ends which engage with the hubs at each attachment position. An insert member affixed inside each end cooperates with a screw extending from inside the hub, through the hub into the recessed end to connect each end to the respective attachment position on the hub. Each recessed end of the links having an upper wall with an interior surface, a lower wall with an interior surface and sidewalls with vertical edges.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 4, 1994
    Date of Patent: October 22, 1996
    Assignee: Skyline Displays, Inc.
    Inventor: Bryan J. Beaulieu
  • Patent number: 5560151
    Abstract: A building structure which contains a hexagonal building unit and a pentagonal building unit joined together by a plug. There are six triangularly-shaped building blocks in the hexagonal unit, and the base angles of these building blocks is from about 60.6 to about 60.8 degrees. There are five triangularly-shaped building blocks in the pentagonal unit, and the base angles of these building blocks is from about 54.5 to about 54.7 degrees.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 6, 1995
    Date of Patent: October 1, 1996
    Assignee: PolyCeramics, Inc.
    Inventor: Peter A. Roberts
  • Patent number: 5524396
    Abstract: A family of space structures having subdivided faces, where such faces are subdivided into rhombii in non-periodic arrangements. The rhombii are derived from regular planar stars with n vectors, and the source space structures are composed of regular polygons. The family includes: globally symmetric structures where the fundamental region is subdivided non-periodically, or globally asymmetric structures composed of regular polygons which are subdivided non-periodically or asymmetrically. The rhombii can be further subdivided periodically or non-periodically. The family further includes all regular polyhedra in the plane-faced and curve-faced states, regular tessellations, various curved polygons, cylinders and toroids, curved space labyrinths, and regular structures in higher-dimensional and hyperbolic space. The structures can be isolated structures or grouped to fill space.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 10, 1993
    Date of Patent: June 11, 1996
    Inventor: Haresh Lalvani
  • Patent number: 5505035
    Abstract: A family of space frame systems composed of a plurality of nodes coupled by struts and derived from a family of non-regular polyhedra by joining the center of these polyhedra to their faces, edges and vertices. The space frames permit periodic, non-periodic, random and irregular building configurations. The building system can be combined with panels, tensile and membranes systems, or can be converted into plate systems or nodeless space frame systems. The spaces and configurations defined by the building system include single-layered, double-layered, multi-layered configurations, non-layered and multi-directional configurations, polyhedral packings and space-fillings, infinite polyhedra, and various 3-dimensional projections of n-dimensional polytopes for architectural environments. The n-dimensional polytopes include the infinite classes of hyper-cubes and hyper-cubic lattices, and a variety of 4-dimensional polytopes.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: April 9, 1996
    Inventor: Haresh Lalvani
  • Patent number: 5505025
    Abstract: A Stressed Panel Structure forming checkerboard spheroids and non-checkerboarded conical sections are formed using semi-rigid panels of wood or other materials with generally elongated slots or holes in their corners. Panels are placed corner to corner and a pin or rod is inserted therebetween, becoming stressed when panels are positioned at proper dihedral angles along their axis of intersection. Stressing results generally in bending or other distress of the panel or pin or both.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 6, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 9, 1996
    Inventor: Gregg R. Fleishman
  • Patent number: 5473852
    Abstract: A very stiff mounting structure comprises at least three pyramidally disposed rod-like members rigidly coupled together at one end and with their other ends rigidly coupled to a base either to stiffen the base and/or to mount a device such as a tool or instrument with respect to it. Three pyramidally disposed members (1a, 1b, 1c, FIG. 10) may be mounted on a tetrahedral base 22 or another three-dimensional base 22' (FIG. 11), or four such members on respective corners of a square pyramid, to form therewith a framework in which to mount, for example, a machine tool or measuring instrument, the base preferably being formed of similar rod-like members; or the base may be a plate or other structure of a separately existing machine or other entity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 9, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 12, 1995
    Assignee: British Technology Group Ltd.
    Inventor: Kevin Lindsey
  • Patent number: 5472365
    Abstract: A geometric toy construction system has a multiplicity of flat, regular polygonal construction panels interengageable edge-to-edge by means of shared but separate intervening cylindrical axles positioned parallel to the edges of the panels and attached thereon, thereby enabling the building of two- and three-dimensional constructions. One axle enables up to six panels to be snap-fit into position about the axis of their commonly shared axle.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 13, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 5, 1995
    Inventor: Richard J. Engel
  • Patent number: 5448868
    Abstract: Families of periodic space structures, configurations, labyrinths and space frames based on seven different known periodic space grids composed of one edge-length and even-sided polygons. The space structures have two different polyhedra corresponding to the vertices of the source grids. The space labyrinths are characterized by a continuous surface having two types of vertices and dividing space into two parts. The space frames have one type and length of strut and two different shapes of nodes. The structures have cross-disciplinary applications in the design and scientific fields. In architecture and design fields, applications for building systems one earth or outer space, architectural space layouts, environmental sculptures, playground structures, honeycomb structures, toys, puzzles, model-kits, etc. are possibilities.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 21, 1992
    Date of Patent: September 12, 1995
    Inventor: Haresh Lalvani
  • Patent number: 5331779
    Abstract: A multi-level cluster housing array held together by a skeletal framework formed of octahedron-tetrahedron components.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 23, 1992
    Date of Patent: July 26, 1994
    Inventor: Ally O. Hing
  • Patent number: 5329737
    Abstract: An arcuate building structure containing at least three five-sided building blocks, at least three six-sided building blocks, and means for connecting one of said five-sided building blocks to at least one of said six-sided building blocks. The top side of the six-sided block has a substantially triangular shape, and is substantially parallel to the bottom side of the six-sided block. The front side of the six-sided block has a substantially trapezoidal shape with a top edge, a bottom edge, a right edge, and a left edge. The right edge and the left edge have equal lengths and form equal angles with the bottom edge. The back side of the six-sided block has a substantially triangular shape with at least two sides equal in length to each other. The left and right sides of the six-sided block are congruent with each other, are in the shape of a parallelogram, and contain a recess within their borders.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 15, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 19, 1994
    Assignee: PolyCeramics, Inc.
    Inventors: Peter A. Roberts, Kevin G. Hayes, Joanne M. Peek
  • Patent number: 5222337
    Abstract: Insulation of flat roofs and simultaneous construction of a gradient for positive drainage of the roofing placed on the insulation, said gradient being perpendicular to the outer edges of the roof and running in two directions perpendicularly to one another, and where between the differently angled falls border lines are running from the corners of the roof towards the center line of the roof, said insulation comprising rectangular elements having an oblique surface corresponding to the gradient of the roof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 26, 1991
    Date of Patent: June 29, 1993
    Assignee: Rockwool International A/S
    Inventors: Bo Thomsen, Henning Nielsen
  • Patent number: 5205556
    Abstract: A geodesic globe formed of identical overlapping and interlocking specific geometric configuration segments formed of a bendable material which can be folded and interlocked whereby if the pieces are printed with portions of a map of the world they form a puzzle which can be assembled into a globe.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 19, 1992
    Date of Patent: April 27, 1993
    Assignee: Volunteers of America Bay Area, Inc.
    Inventor: William T. Stallman
  • Patent number: 5205101
    Abstract: A support system for supporting lights, T.V. monitors and similar devices includes sectional rail structures comprising identical rails interconnected together in end-to-end relation. Rails are also connected to directional coupling members in angular relation therewith. Quick-connect, overcenter toggle connector devices interconnect the rails together in end-to-end relation and also interconnect rails to coupling members in angular relation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 14, 1991
    Date of Patent: April 27, 1993
    Inventors: David Swan, Michale Emerson
  • Patent number: 5201160
    Abstract: In the case of a known multiple-layer space-framing plate of rods and gusseted joints, which consists of a plurality of circular meshwork arrangements which are connected with one another, which extend as a honeycomb in a space, the circular meshworks define hollow spaces which are open to the outside, in the area of which no brackets are present for attachment of roofing or side wall coverings. Because of the dimensions of the openings on the top or the side walls of the space-framing plate, it is therefore not suitable for use in roof construction. The invention provides for a "cut out" or "design" of the space-framing plate in such a manner that in the hollow spaces which are open to the outside on the top and on the side walls of the space-framing plate which is to be cut to size, two-layer complementary space-framing elements can be incorporated in such a manner that on the top and on the side walls of the space-framing plate a screen of rods and gusseted joints is present, arranged in a plane.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 11, 1991
    Date of Patent: April 13, 1993
    Assignee: Mero-Raumstruktur
    Inventor: Jaime Sanchez
  • Patent number: 5184789
    Abstract: A space station facility having a plurality of elongated members which form a cuboctahedral-shaped structure surrounding a central pressurized command module. The space station facility may be orbited as a space station, or used as part of a larger space station. The elongated members are all of equal length, and are used to form eight tetrahedral-shaped modules or berthing spaces, and six pyramidal-shaped modules or berthing spaces. Access to berthing ports on the central command module is provided through the fourteen berthing spaces. The elongated members may be hinged at the midpoints thereof to facilitate carrying the members in the cargo bay of a space shuttle, and for deployment in space during assembly of the space station facility.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 12, 1991
    Date of Patent: February 9, 1993
    Inventor: Buzz Aldrin
  • Patent number: 5169352
    Abstract: A system of form bodies for use as a toy building blocks, decorative objects, in particular for display use, furniture structures, sculptural building components etc., wherein each form body has the shape of a polyhedron, in which polygonal side faces with each other form polyhedral outward extending protuberances and/or polyhedral inward extending notches for the assembling of differently shaped bodies into spatial structures. In a first group of form bodies each form body is shaped on the basis of a cube and the protuberances and/or notches of the form body are shaped on the basis of a subbody of a cuve and with a shape like a pyramid with a square base, two of the side faces being perpendicular to the base at adajcent sides thereof and each of them has the form of an isosceles right triangle.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 9, 1991
    Date of Patent: December 8, 1992
    Assignee: Ole Friis Petersen ApS
    Inventor: Ole F. Petersen
  • Patent number: 5168677
    Abstract: A method to guide the creation of flat modular building block units to be interconnected with others of like shape by means of fasteners and magnetically, the modules are created by the union of any two frustums by a congruent larger base, a series of holes truncations and roundings made them fit in a variety of constructive and amusing applications, also complementing the invention is a built-in slot connector for connecting two flat members.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 15, 1989
    Date of Patent: December 8, 1992
    Assignee: Ernesto Daniel Gyurec
    Inventors: Antonio C. Pronsato, Ernesto D. Gyurec
  • Patent number: 5155951
    Abstract: A building system composed of space-filling saddle zonohedra which fit together periodically and non-periodically into a variety of orderly and irregular looking space structures. The saddle zonohedra are composed of convex or non-convex saddle polygons and are derived from the infinite class of plane-faced zonohedra. The surfaces of the saddle polygons could be continuously curved surfaces or faceted polygonal surfaces derived from minimal surfaces. The surved surfaces could be flexible membranes or nets in tension used by themselves or in combination with space frames, or stiff shell-like surfaces, and the edges of the space frames could be hinged or fixed to others. Applications of the system include architectural and environmental structures, fixed or retractible space frames, decks or platforms, educational kits or toys, curved tiles, and saddle polyhedra nodes for space frames.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 6, 1991
    Date of Patent: October 20, 1992
    Inventor: Haresh Lalvani
  • Patent number: 5146719
    Abstract: A space tension chord arch member dome reinforced with tension members and method of construction. Maximum building space is ensured by using tension chord members, which reduces the material costs and simplifies assembly of the dome. The system permits use of laminated wood for the arch members of the dome superstructure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 12, 1991
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1992
    Assignees: Masao Saito, Kajima Corporation
    Inventors: Masao Saito, Shigeru Ban, Yoshio Takita, Yoshiki Mihara, Shinichi Takahashi
  • Patent number: 5111631
    Abstract: A temporary display booth is constructed from a kit of parts. The kit includes a number of elongate V-shaped components of substantially identical shape and size. Each component has a steel base rod, a pair of perforated metal panels of generally trapezoidal shape extending away from the base rod, and a pair of peripheral edge rods attached to the panels at peripheral edges distant from the base rod. Opposing ends of the three rods are formed with T-shaped connectors which co-operate with disk-shaped connectors formed with radially-directed slots to releasably join the panels at predetermined angles. Temporary ceilings, walls and the like of varying shape and size can be conveniently assembled. Additional components of generally planar, trapezoidal shape also carrying T-shaped connectors are used to complete end surfaces of such structures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 14, 1988
    Date of Patent: May 12, 1992
    Inventors: Ronald Flood, Kenneth Young
  • Patent number: 5105589
    Abstract: A modular building structure is disclosed as including a plurality of tetrahedral cells selectively arranged to form multiple dwellings wherein each cell has six bars two of which are horizontally spaced transverse to each other and with the remaining four bars disposed diagonally to the two horizontally spaced bars.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 29, 1990
    Date of Patent: April 21, 1992
    Inventor: Osvaldo N. Rodriguez
  • Patent number: 5097645
    Abstract: The construction system of the present invention comprises a plurality of connectors and a plurality of struts, each of the connectors including three discrete flat elements interconnected in three mutually perpendicular planes, each of the three flat elements being composed of a semi-rigid material, each of the three flat elements having a plurality of outwardly directed prongs, and each of the struts being tubes into which the prongs project. The three flat elements are connected by engaging notches and slots. The prongs and the struts are connected by engaging catches and apertures. At least two of the elements have central openings presenting internal profiles and outer peripheries presenting external profiles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 17, 1989
    Date of Patent: March 24, 1992
    Inventor: Robert Sanderson
  • Patent number: 5069009
    Abstract: Domed and cylindrical shell structures of interwoven lightweight strips of metal or other lightweight materials, and method of constructing such shell structures. Several weaving patterns are disclosed which provide requisite flexibility of woven strips to enable the weave to be formed into a desired configuration such as a domed roof or a cylindrical silo. These shells have high strength-to-weight ratios and inherently attenuate seismic vibrations to provide protection against earthquakes. The strips are interwoven on a flat surface at ground level and then hoisted into place. Modules of portions of the shell can be prefabricated and joined to other like modules at the job site to form the complete shell.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 20, 1990
    Date of Patent: December 3, 1991
    Inventor: Toshiro Suzuki
  • Patent number: 5046988
    Abstract: A transformable combination of linked polyhedra which includes a set of a plurality of objects each having at least first and second faces and a member for connecting adjacent objects in a manner which allows rotation of one object while an adjacent object is fixed so that the position of the first and second faces of the one object can be changed with respect to the position of the adjacent object. Preferably, the connecting member is a corner connector which includes a straight or bent rod member having first and second rotatable end members which facilitate rotation of the objects. Also, a single continuous connecting member may be used to join all objects in the set.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 13, 1989
    Date of Patent: September 10, 1991
    Inventor: Herbert G. Bennett
  • Patent number: RE35085
    Abstract: The construction system of the present invention comprises a plurality of connectors and a plurality or struts, each of the connectors including three discrete flat elements interconnected in three mutually perpendicular planes, each of the three flat elements being composed of a semi-rigid material, each of the three flat elements having a plurality of outwardly directed prongs, and each of the struts being tubes into which the prongs project. The three flat elements are connected by engaging notches and slots. The prongs and the struts are connected by engaging catches and apertures. At least two of the elements have central openings presenting internal profiles and outer peripheries presenting external profiles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 13, 1994
    Date of Patent: November 14, 1995
    Inventor: Robert Sanderson