Abstract: A polyurethane foam-forming reaction mixture composition including: (I) an organic isocyanate; and (II) an admixture of: (a) at least one autocatalytic polyol; (b) at least one ethylene oxide (EO)-capped polyol; (c) at least one reactive blowing catalyst; (d) at least one surfactant; and (e) water; and a polyurethane foam prepared from the above polyurethane foam-forming reaction mixture composition.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a foam fracturing fluid with double interface layers of a phlogisticated air-liquid CO2 for shale gas development, and a preparation method thereof. The foam fracturing fluid is prepared from a liquid CO2 phase, a gas phase and a nano-enhancer; the liquid CO2 phase is formed by dissolving a mixture of gas-soluble foaming agents in liquid CO2; the gas phase is a gas mixture of phlogisticated air and saturated vapor of the liquid CO2; the nano-enhancer is an aqueous solution of a mixture of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, a cosolvent and a water-soluble surfactant. In the fracturing fluid prepared by the present disclosure, the phlogisticated air was encapsulated by the liquid CO2 to form an interface layer, the liquid CO2 was further encapsulated by the nano-enhancer to form the other interface layer, which enhanced the structural stability of the fracturing fluid while achieving high viscosity and thermal stability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a blocked polyisocyanate composition comprising a blocked polyisocyanate obtained from a blocking agent and a polyisocyanate derived from at least one diisocyanate selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diisocyanate and an alicyclic diisocyanate, wherein the blocking agent comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a malonic acid diester compound having a specific structure and a ?-ketoester compound having a specific structure, and a molar ratio of a total of a specific keto form structure and a specific keto form structure to a total of a specific enol form structure and a specific enol form structure is 75/25 or more and 97/3 or less.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for producing polyurethane foams by reacting an isocyanate component with a component that is reactive to isocyanates and that comprises at least one polyether carbonate polyol, the reaction taking place in the presence of a non-amine antioxidant and an amine antioxidant. The invention also concerns polyurethane foams produced using the claimed method and the use of said foams.

Abstract: A curable polyisocyanate composition comprising at least one or more polyisocyanate compounds, at least one or more trimerization catalyst compounds, at least one or more aldehyde compounds wherein the aldehyde compound is selected from compounds with the structure R—CHO wherein CHO is an aldehyde group and R is a hydrocarbyl group selected from an alkyl, alkenyl or aryl having 1-50 carbon atoms, preferably 1-20 carbon atoms, and at least one or more compounds selected from compounds which comprise a carboxamide group having the structure —CO—NH2 and/or from compounds which comprise a group having the structure —CO—NH—CO—.

Abstract: Described are coating material compositions comprising an isocyanate group-containing component, a hydroxyl group-containing component, and a zinc (1-methylimidazole)bis(2-ethylhexanoate) complex. Also described is the use of a zinc (1-methylimidazole)bis(2-ethylhexanoate) complex as a catalyst system for the urethane reaction in coating material compositions.

Abstract: A syntactic foam of a host matrix and inclusions dispersed in the host matrix, wherein at least a portion of the inclusions include microspheres containing a charge gas and having an internal pressure of greater than 0.1 MPa.

Abstract: Improved soles and insoles for shoes, in particular sports shoes, are described. In an aspect, a sole for a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, with at least a first and a second surface region is provided. The first surface region comprises expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (“TPU”). The second surface region is free from expanded TPU.

Abstract: A polymeric foam article with a polymer matrix defining multiple cells therein has a polymer component with a first polymer that is a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane grafted polymer that has a weight-average molecular weight of two kilograms per mole or higher and 200 kilograms per mole or lower.

Abstract: A process for preparing water-absorbing polymer particles, comprising polymerisation of a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension, drying, grinding and classification, whereas the process further comprising adjusting the amount of foaming agent in the aqueous monomer solution by admixing the aqueous monomer solution with a foaming agent of 1% to 15% by weight based on the amount of ethylenically unsaturated monomer and keeping the solution on a pressure of 6 bar to 15 bar and then expanding the solution.

Abstract: A blowing agent for thermosetting foams is disclosed. The blowing agent is the hydrofluoropropene HFO-1243zf in combination with a hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) selected from HCFO-1233zd, HCFO-1233xf and HCFO-1223. The blowing agent is effective as a blowing agent in the manufacture of thermosetting foams.

Abstract: Catalysts, which are free of tin, are described which are useful in the reaction between an isocyanate and an alcohol, which is a key step for preparing polyurethane polymers. The catalyst is a metal complex or salt of formula (1): [Zn(L1)l1(L2)l2(Y)x]??(1) in which: l1?1 and l2=0 or 1; with l1+l2=2, x=1 or 2, the symbol L1 represents a ligand which is a ?-dicarbonylato anion or the enolate anion of a ?-dicarbonyl compound or an acetylacetato anion derived from a ?-ketoester, when l1=2, the symbols L1 are identical or different, the symbol L2 represents an anionic ligand which is different from L1, and the symbol Y represents a neutral ligand; where the metal complex or salt C of formula (1) is not zinc diacetylacetonate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of porous particles comprising at least one polyimide by reacting (A) at least one polyisocyanate having on average at least two isocyanate groups per molecule and (B) at least one polycarboxylic acid having at least two COOH groups per molecule or anhydride thereof, in the presence of at least one solvent, optionally at least one catalyst and optionally at least one further additive, to cause precipitation of a polyimide in the solvent to form the porous particles, to porous particles, obtained with this process, to parts, bodies, foams and/or material comprising these porous particles, and to the use of the porous particles or of the parts, bodies, foams and/or material as insulation material and in vacuum insulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of making a self-stick foam adhesive, comprising a. a crosslinked (meth)acrylate polymer comprising repeating units derivable from a monomer composition comprising iv. 55 to 97.4 wt. % of one or more alkyl(meth)acrylate monomers, the alkyl groups of which comprise from 4 to 14 carbon atoms v. 2.5 to 40 wt. % of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising a nitrogen- or oxygen containing heterocyclic ring vi. 0.1 to 5 wt. % of one or more polar comonomers b. 1 to 60 parts by weight of one or more hydrogenated resin tackifier per 100 parts by weight of the cross-linked (meth)acrylate polymer and c.

Abstract: An adhesive composition according to the present invention contains a polymerizable group-containing siloxane compound, a polymerization initiator and an ultraviolet-absorbing blowing agent. This adhesive composition enables quick bonding of substrates etc. by light irradiation or by heating such that the bonded substrates can secure adhesion and heat resistance to withstand grinding etc. and, when no longer needed to be bonded, can be easily separated from each other by ultraviolet light irradiation and is thus suitable for use as an adhesive composition for manufacturing of semiconductor devices (particularly for manufacturing of semiconductor devices with through-silicon vias).

Abstract: Polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foams having a NFPA 101 Class A rating (ASTM E-84) are produced from a foam-forming reaction mixture that includes: an organic polyisocyanate, an isocyanate-reactive composition that includes at least one polyether polyol or polyester polyol with a nominal hydroxyl functionality of at least 2.0, a blowing agent composition and at least one halogen-free flame retardant. The blowing agent composition includes: (1) up to 5% by weight, based on total weight of the foam-forming composition, of one or more hydrocarbons having an LEL less than 2% by volume in air; and/or (2) a hydrocarbon having an LEL greater than 2% by volume in air; and (3) up to 1% by weight, based on total weight of foam-forming composition, of water.

Abstract: A stable polyol pre-mix composition comprises a blowing agent, a polyol, a surfactant, and a catalyst composition comprising an oxygen-containing amine catalyst. The oxygen-containing amine catalyst may be, an alkanol amine, an ether amine, or a morpholine group. containing compound such as, 2.(2.dimethylaminoethoxy)ethanol or N.N.N?.trimethylaminoethylethanolamine. A stabilized thermosetting foam blend comprises: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre. mix composition. A method for stabilizing thermosetting foam blends comprises combining: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre. mix composition. A polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam having uniform cell structure with little or no foam collapse comprises a mixture of: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, one or more isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre-mix composition.

Abstract: Combinations of gelatinous elastomer and polyurethane foam may be made by introducing a plasticized triblock copolymer resin and/or a diblock copolymer resin at least partially cured into gel particles into a mixture of polyurethane foam forming components including a polyol and an isocyanate. The plasticized copolymer resin is polymerized to form a cured gelatinous elastomer or gel, which is then reduced in size, for instance to give an average particle size of 10 millimeters or less. Polymerizing the polyol and the isocyanate forms polyurethane foam. The polyurethane reaction is exothermic and can generate sufficient temperature to at least partially melt the styrene-portion of the triblock copolymer resin thereby extending the crosslinking and in some cases integrating the triblock copolymer within the polyurethane polymer matrix. The gel component has higher heat capacity than polyurethane foam and thus has good thermal conductivity and acts as a heat sink.

Abstract: An aerogel including a polymerization product of a first monomer selected from an aryl polyol compound including at least two aryl groups linked to each other by a linker, an aryl polyol compound including at least two aryl groups fused to each other, or a combination thereof, and a second monomer including a benzene substituted with at least two hydroxyl groups.

Abstract: A feminine hygiene absorbent article comprising water-absorbing polymeric foams obtainable by polymerization of a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension, comprising an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears acid groups and may be at least partly neutralized, a crosslinker, a photoinitiator and a surfactant.

Abstract: A process for preparing water-absorbing polymeric foams by polymerization of a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension, comprising an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears acid groups and may be at least partly neutralized, a crosslinker, a photoinitiator and a surfactant.

Abstract: Porous three-dimensional networks of polyurea and porous three-dimensional networks of carbon and methods of their manufacture are described. In an example, polyurea aerogels are prepared by mixing an triisocyanate with water and a triethylamine to form a sol-gel material and supercritically drying the sol-gel material to form the polyurea aerogel. Subjecting the polyurea aerogel to a step of pyrolysis may result in a three dimensional network having a carbon skeleton, yielding a carbon aerogel. The density and morphology of polyurea aerogels can be controlled by varying the amount of isocyanate monomer in the initial reaction mixture. A lower density in the aerogel gives rise to a fibrous morphology, whereas a greater density in the aerogel results in a particulate morphology. Polyurea aerogels described herein may also exhibit a reduced flammability.

Abstract: A copolymer defines interconnected pores and comprises polymerized monomers. The monomers comprise a first monomer more hydrophilic than 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and a second monomer as hydrophilic as, or less hydrophilic than, HEMA. In a method of forming a polymer, a bicontinuous microemulsion comprising water, a surfactant, and a combination of monomers copolymerizable for forming a porous copolymer is provided. The combination of monomers comprises the first and second monomers. The monomers in the bicontinuous microemulsion are polymerized to form the porous copolymer. The first monomer may comprise N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) or methacrylic acid (MAA). The second monomer may comprise HEMA or methyl methacrylate (MMA).

Abstract: Process for the preparation of foamed thermoplastic polyurethanes characterised in that the foaming of the thermoplastic polyurethane is carried out in the presence of thermally expandable microspheres.

Abstract: Process for producing porous polyisocyanate polyaddition products by reacting (a) isocyanates with (b) compounds which are reactive toward isocyanates in the presence of (f) solvent, wherein compounds having a functionality toward isocyanates of at least 6 and a molecular weight of at least 1000 g/mol are used as (b) compounds which are reactive toward isocyanates.

Abstract: A nanoporous polymer foam having an average pore diameter in the range of from 10 nm to 1000 nm, obtainable by means of a process comprising the following stages: a) providing a solution of a polycondensation reactive resin in an organic solvent, b) mixing the solution with a curing catalyst for the polycondensation reactive resin and curing the reactive components to form a gel, and c) removing the organic solvent, and the use thereof for thermal insulation purposes.

Abstract: The present invention provides rigid polyurethane foam comprising thermally expandable particles which are displaced to penetrate a strut of a structure of the polyurethane foam so that the particles are exposed into one or more cells of the polyurethane foam during foaming. Further, the rigid polyurethane foam can comprise hollow thermally expanded particles which are displaced to penetrate a surface of a cell in the polyurethane foam so that the particles are exposed into one or more cells of the polyurethane foam during foaming. The rigid polyurethane of the present invention can have excellent insulating properties.

Abstract: A subject-matter of the present invention is a blowing agent composition comprising an organic solvent with a boiling point, at atmospheric pressure, of greater than 0° C. and having a low GWP and at least one compound (C) chosen from haloketones, fluoroacids, fluoroesters, fluoroamines, (hydro)fluoroethers, (hydro) fluorothioethers, (hydro)fluoroolefins, cyclic (hydro)fluorocarbons and iodofluoro(hydro)carbons.

Abstract: The present invention provides polymeric polyol compositions employing polyol compounds having multiple tertiary amine groups. Methods of making these compositions are also disclosed. Polyol formulations containing these polymeric polyol compositions and methods of making polyurethane gel and foam employing such polymeric polyol compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams and methods for the preparation thereof. More particularly, the invention relates to open-celled, polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams and methods for their preparation. The foams are characterized by a fine uniform cell structure and little or no foam collapse. The foams are produced with a polyol premix composition which comprises a combination of a hydrohaloolefin blowing agent, a polyol, a surfactant component which comprises a non-silicone surfactant and is substantially absent of a silicone surfactant, and a tertiary amine catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to produce a polyisocyanurate/-polyurethane spray foam using a trimerization catalyst composition having tetraalkylammonium salt of a sterically hindered carboxylic acid or an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Synthetic methods for the preparation of hydrophobic organics aerogels. One method involves the sol-gel polymerization of 1,3-dimethoxybenzene or 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene with formaldehyde in non-aqueous solvents. Using a procedure analogous to the preparation of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) aerogels, this approach generates wet gels that can be dried using either supercritical solvent extraction to generate the new organic aerogels or air dried to produce an xerogel. Other methods involve the sol-gel polymerization of 1,3,5 trihydroxy benzene (phloroglucinol) or 1,3 dihydroxy benzene (resorcinol) and various aldehydes in non-aqueous solvents. These methods use a procedure analogous to the one-step base and two-step base/acid catalyzed polycondensation of phloroglucinol and formaldehyde, but the base catalyst used is triethylamine. These methods can be applied to a variety of other sol-gel precursors and solvent systems.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of foamed thermoplastic polyurethanes characterized in that the foaming of the thermoplastic polyurethane is carried out in the presence of thermally expandable microspheres.

Abstract: Cross-linked sol-gel like materials and cross-linked aerogels, as well as methods for making such cross-linked sol-gel like materials and cross-linked aerogels are described.

Abstract: Use as foaming agents having a low environmental impact of azeotropic or near azeotropic compositions using difluoromethoxy-bis(difluoromethyl ether) and/or 1-difluoromethoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether.

Abstract: In a process for producing flexible polyurethane foams by the reaction known per se of polyisocyanates with compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms which react with isocyanate, the reaction is carried out in the presence of cyclic or heterocyclic compounds containing at least one reactive hydrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing biodegradable porous polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering, comprising: a) fabricating a polymer sample from a polymer solution containing at least one biodegradable polymer and an effervescent mixture; b) effervescing the polymer sample in the presence of an effervescent medium such as an aqueous alcohol solution; and c) drying. The method for preparing biodegradable polymer scaffolds of the present invention has the advantages that the process is simple, that pore size can be easily controlled, that the problem caused by the secretion and existence of the toxic substance can be avoid by using a material harmless to human body, and that high efficiency can be achieved. In addition, biodegradable porous polymer scaffolds prepared by above method have the advantages that high porosity can be achieved and an open cell structure in which pores are interconnected is obtained.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a polyurethane elastomer that has improved hydrolysis resistance. The polyurethane elastomer is made by reacting a polyol blend of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid based polyester polyol, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid based polyester polyol, and a blowing agent. The polyol blend is reacted with an isocyanate terminated prepolymer. The aromatic dicarboxylic acid based polyester polyol is the reaction product of an aliphatic alcohol and ortho-phthalic acid. The aliphatic dicarboxylic acid based polyester polyol is the reaction product of adipic acid and glycols.

Abstract: Disclosed is an isocyanate-reactive composition comprising an isocyanate-reactive compound having an equivalent weight of from about 400 to about 12000, and a stabilizing amount of methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)propionate with optional costabilizers selected from another phenolic, an amine, a phosphite, a thioether, or a lactone stabilizer to form a stabilizer package which may be further used in a process for preparing a flexible polyurethane foam comprising reacting together an organic polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive composition in the presence of a blowing agent to form the polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Use as foaming agents having a low environmental impact of azeotropic or near azeotropic compositions using difluoromethoxy-bis(difluoromethyl ether) and/or 1-difluroromethoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether.

Abstract: A method for preparing a flexible polyurethane foam by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol in the presence of urethane catalyst, water as a blowing agent, optionally a silicone surfactant, and a cell opener characterized in that the cell opener comprises an active methylene- or methine-group containing compound.

Abstract: Provided is a curable composition comprising (A) a phenolic compound having a carbon-carbon double bond, (B) a compound having an SiH group, and (C) a foaming agent. The composition can be foamed and cured at room temperature or under heat at relatively low temperatures, and is poorly corrodable and poorly toxic.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a foam frothing alternative for blowing or frothing single component foams using gases which are incapable of being liquified within the limits of DOT aerosol cans, referred to herein as non-liquefiable gases. In this invention, it is demonstrated that non-liquefiable gases such as CO.sub.2 and N.sub.2 O can be used to provide foams using conventional single component foam chemical raw materials. The present invention provides an adhesive/sealant, expanded by a non-liquefiable gas propelled from a container initially and expanded by a blowing agent consisting primarily or exclusively of a non-liquefiable gas and formulated from a moisture curable polyurethane prepolymer using a low molecular weight isocyanate of two or more functionality. In one or more variations, the compositions of the present invention contain solubility enhancers for non-liquefiable gases such as CO.sub.

Abstract: Provided is a radiation-curable, optical glass fiber coating composition containing at least one radiation-curable oligomer or monomer, and at least one chromophoric indicator selected so as to be susceptible to destruction of its chromophoric characteristic upon exposure to radiation and present in an amount which becomes substantially colorless when exposed to a level of radiation sufficient to cure said radiation-curable, optical glass fiber coating composition, wherein said at least one chromophoric indicator has a color which is distinguishable from a base color of said radiation-curable, optical glass fiber coating composition in cured form. The invention also provides a method of making the coating composition. The invention further provides a coated optical glass fiber and a method of making a coated optical glass on a fiber drawing tower. Also provided is a cable and telecommunications system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for forming a foamed elastomeric polymer. The process involves forming a reverse emulsion of liquid droplets in a continuous liquid phase of polymer precursor and then polymerizing the precursor to entrap uniformly distributed droplets of the liquid in pores formed in the polymer bulk. The liquid in the pores is then removed under supercritical conditions.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing hydrocarbon composition comprising the following (1) and (2), wherein the proportions of (1) and (2) in the composition are such that (1) is 100 parts by weight, and (2) is from 0.001 to 10 parts by weight:(1) at least one pentafluoropropane selected from 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and 1,1,2,2,3-pantafluoroproapne,(2) the following (i) or (ii):(i) a combination of (a) and at least one member selected from the following (b) to (e):(a) a compound having --NO.sub.2,(b) a compound having --CN,(c) a compound having --CONR.sup.1 R.sup.2 wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 which are independent of each other, is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group,(d) a lactone,(e) a quinone,(ii) at least one member selected from the following (f) and (g):(f) a reaction product of a compound having a halogen atom and an epoxy group with an active hydrogen compound,(g) a reaction product of a compound having a halogen atom and a hydroxyl group with an isocyanate compound.

Abstract: A polyisocyanate having an acid value of at least 0.01% HCl is used to produce polyisocyanate, polyisocyanurate and polyurethane urea foams with an HCFC blowing agent. The use of such a polyisocyanate is advantageous because the polyisocyanate does not cause significant decomposition of the HCFC blowing agent.

Abstract: The invention provides polyurethane components and compositions capable of providing internal mold release properties in SRIM applications. The polyol composition of the invention has an isocyanate reactive polyol (A) having a number average molecular weight from 100 to about 10,000 and an effective amount of internal mold release composition (B) having a silicon-containing polymer (a) and an epoxidized ester (b). The invention further provides an SRIM polyurethane composition useful in the preparation of molded polyurethane articles having internal mold release properties, the composition comprising an isocyanate component (I) and the isocyanate reactive polyol composition (component (II)) disclosed above. In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides methods of using the claimed compositions as well as the rigid cellular polyurethane SRIM articles resulting from such processes.

Abstract: The invention provides polyurethane components and compositions capable of providing internal mold release properties in SRIM applications. The polyol composition of the invention has an isocyanate reactive polyol (A) having a number average molecular weight from 100 to about 10,000 and an effective amount of internal mold release composition (B) having a silicon-containing polymer (a) and an epoxidized ester (b). The invention further provides an SRIM polyurethane composition useful in the preparation of molded polyurethane articles having internal mold release properties, the composition comprising an isocyanate component (I) and the isocyanate reactive polyol composition (component (II)) disclosed above. In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides methods of using the claimed compositions as well as the rigid cellular polyurethane SRIM articles resulting from such processes.

Abstract: Reacting carbonyls, such as aldehydes and ketones, with amines produces a ketimine or aldimine and a water byproduct. When the ketimine or aldimine reaction occurs in a polymer composition, the polymer becomes foamed due to the evolution of water. Hence, carbonyl and amine containing compounds may be introduced into a polymeric composition to serve as an in-situ blowing agent. The carbonyl and amine containing compounds may be different polymers which will be combined through a ketimine or aldimine linkage to form a graft co-polymer, they may be small molecular weight additives that are placed in the composition with a polymer that is to be foamed as a byproduct of a ketimine or aldimine reaction of the additives, or they may be a polymer containing a carbonyl or amine moiety and a small molecular weight additive compound that will react with the moiety on the polymer to form a ketimine or aldimine.