Abstract: The invention provides polyisocyanurate systems for manufacture of polyisocyanurate foam components such as those from SRIM processes. The reaction systems include a polyisocyanate and a polyisocyanate reactive component that includes a trimerization catalyst, polyol, and a carboxylic acid blowing agent, optionally with water as a co-blowing agent. The reaction systems can be blown exclusively with carboxylic acid to produce SRIM products which can be demolded with reduced mold residence time.

Abstract: The invention relates to flame-resistant HR cold-cure moulded foams with reduced smoke intensity and toxicity, a process for the preparation thereof and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides polyurethane elastomers (PU elastomers), a process for their production using special catalyst mixtures and their use in particular for the manufacture of shoe soles.

Abstract: In a process for producing flexible polyurethane foams by the reaction known per se of polyisocyanates with compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms which react with isocyanate, the reaction is carried out in the presence of cyclic or heterocyclic compounds containing at least one reactive hydrogen atom.

Abstract: Low-density hydrophilic flexible polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates (a) with a polyetherol mixture (b) and, if required, further compounds (c) having hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence of water and/or other blowing agents (d), catalysts (e) and, if required, further assistants and additives (f), by a process in which the polyetherol mixture (b) consists of b1) at least one difunctional or polyfunctional polyetherol based on propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and ethylene oxide, having an ethylene oxide content of more than 40% by weight, based on the total amount of alkylene oxide used, an OH number of from 20 to 120 mg KOH/g and a proportion of primary OH groups of more than 20% and b2) at least one difunctional or polyfunctional polyetherol based on propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and, if required, ethylene oxide, the ethylene oxide content being not more than 40% by weight, and having an OH number of more than 25 m

Abstract: A method of making a molecularly imprinted porous structure makes use of a surfactant analog of the molecule to be imprinted that has the imprint molecule portion serving as the surfactant headgroup. The surfactant analog is allowed to self-assemble in a mixture to create at least one supramolecular structure having exposed imprint groups. The imprinted porous structure is formed by adding reactive monomers to the mixture and allowing the monomers to polymerize, with the supramolecular structure serving as a template. The resulting solid structure has a shape that is complementary to the shape of the supramolecular structure and has cavities that are the mirror image of the imprint group. Similarly, molecularly imprinted particles may be made by using the surfactant to create a water-in-oil microemulsion wherein the imprint groups are exposed to the water phase.

Abstract: Disclosed is an acrylic sol for a sound insulating underbody coating. It includes acrylic polymer fine particles, a plasticizer, a filler, a plasticizer, a blocking type urethane resin, a curing agent and a foaming agent. Since it includes the acrylic polymer particles as a major constituent unit, it does not generate a hydrogen chloride gas and dioxins when it is burned. Moreover, since the paint film resulting from the acrylic sol has a net-shaped structure by the cross-linkage reactions of the urethane resin, and since the bulkiness of the paint film is increased by the foaming agent, it has a good cold resistance and adhesion property toward automotive steel plates, and effects a superb chipping resistance and sound insulating performance.

Abstract: A method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises reacting a polyol with a polyisocyanate in the presence of an amine catalyst and a blowing agent, wherein as the amine catalyst, at least one amine compound having at least one type of substituent selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a primary amino group and a secondary amino group in its molecule, or N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-N′-methylpiperazine, is used, and as the blowing agent, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa) and/or 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is used.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved dosing assembly (valve/feed line/liquid collecting vessel) which permits nearly immediate response time to an actuator signal. Such an assembly is used for the controlled introduction of any liquid through a valve into a collecting vessel. In particular, the inventive assembly exhibits substantially no leakage from the feed line into the liquid collecting vessel when the valve is closed and an instantaneous introduction of the feed line liquid into the liquid collecting vessel upon opening of the valve, both when a liquid possessing a surface tension of about 50 dynes/cm2 is used as the measurement standard. This assembly is particularly and preferably suited for injecting colorants into reactants for the production of polyurethane slabstock foam and permits a substantial reduction in foam waste due to low colorations during an on/off cycle.

Abstract: Provided are catalyst systems which produce flexible polyurethane polyester foams that are color stable, are lower in odor, and uses less catalysts than current most commonly practiced technology. The use of lower amounts of catalysts with low vapor pressure reduces worker exposure to alkaline corrosive materials, reduces pollution through less pounds of volatile organic chemicals (VOC's) and is less expensive.

Abstract: Polyol blend comprising a polyester polyol, a tertiary amine catalyst and an organic carboxylic acid wherein said carboxylic acid contains at least one OH, SH, NH2 or NHR functional group, wherein R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group and the use of said polyol blend in the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: New, useful and surprisingly effective antiscorch compositions for utilization within polyurethane foam production methods which utilize very popular tertiary amine catalysts are provided. Such compositions require the presence of nominal yet effective amounts of organic cyclic ester materials. The ring systems of such materials appear to open during exposure to heat (during the curing process) and release carboxylic acids into the curing formulation. The tertiary amines become quenched by the carboxylic acids and thus do not exhibit heat destabilization. The resultant foams exhibit extremely low, if no, areas of excessive heating (i.e., scorch) and thus are substantially uniformly colored throughout. The processes and resultant foams are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: Novel acid-blocked amine catalysts and their use in the preparation of polyurethanes. The acid-blocked amine catalysts have the general structure shown below: wherein A is the residue of an organic acid anhydride; R1 is H or C1 to C6 alkyl; R2 is H or C1 to C6 alkyl; n is an integer of 0 to 10; and B is a compound containing a protonated amine and one or more primary amine, secondary amine, or tertiary amine groups.

Abstract: Carbamate solutions are obtainable by reacting at least one alkanolamine with carbon dioxide in, as solvent, at least one organic compound having a molecular weight of from 60 to 600 and containing at least one hydroxyl group, wherein the carbamate contains at least 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, wherein a combination of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids and ammonium polyphosphate is present as flame retardant, and to a process for its production. The invention also relates to the use of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids in a mixture with ammonium polyphosphate for producing halogen-free, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams of this type.

Abstract: Provided herein are catalyst systems useful for providing polyurethane foam products which exhibit low fogging characteristics while possessing favorable overall physical properties when used as interior components of automobiles and other motorized vehicles.

Abstract: Open-cell rigid foams containing urethane and/or isocyanurate and/or urea groups are produced with a long-chain polyether polyol having low double bond content.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition that is composed of red phosphorus and melamine or a derivative thereof in amounts satisfying a specified ratio for use in the production of polyurethanes. The polyurethanes produced with this flame retardant composition are particularly useful in the production of rail vehicles.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of open celled rigid polyurethane or urethane-modified polyisocyanurate foams by reaction of a polyfunctional isocyanate-reactive composition with a polyisocyanate composition comprising a prepolymer of NCO-value 21-30% based on a high molecular weight oxyethylene-containing polyol.

Abstract: A co-initiated polyether polyol is produced by suspending a solid polyhydroxyl compound in an amine-initiated polyol, heating the suspension and alkoxylating the heated suspension. These co-initiated polyether polyols are particularly useful for the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: An improved process to enhance polyurethane foam performance is described. Polyurethane foam is prepared by reactions between a polyisocyanate and an active hydrogen-containing component wherein said reactions are conducted in the presence of catalysts composed of (a) at least one specific tertiary amine carbamate (formed by the reaction of reactive tertiary amine and polyisocyanate) and, optionally, (b) salts formed by the reaction between the specific tertiary amine carbamate(s) and hydroxy- and/or halo-carboxylic acids. The specific tertiary amine carbamates in the subject invention are dimethylaminoethoxyethyl carbamate, bis(dimethylaminopropyl)amino-2-propyl carbamate, dimethylaminoethyl carbamate, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams formed under vacuum (below atmospheric pressure) conditions using a specific mixture of polyisocyanate and with a major portion of methylene diisocyanate (MDI) and a specific mixture of polyether and graft polyols exhibit superb static shock cushioning characteristics (energy absorption) as illustrated by drop curves of deceleration versus static load. The foam-forming ingredients are mixed together and foamed under controlled pressures in the range 0.5 to 0.90 bar (absolute), preferably 0.5 to 0.8 bar (absolute). A major portion of the MDI is 4, 4′ methylene diisocyanate.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyurethane foam comprising reacting a polyol component with an isocyanate component in the presence of a catalyst comprising a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein p is an integer of 4 to 8, and a compound having a primary amino group and a tertiary amino group in its molecule, a blowing agent and a surfactant. The polyurethane foam obtained by the process of the present invention can be suitably used for heat insulating materials for construction materials, electric refrigerators, refrigerated warehouses, baths and the like, interior materials for automobiles, and the like.

Abstract: Waxes, particularly paraffin and microcrystalline waxes, can act as corrosion inhibitors when added at low levels to compositions based on thermosettable resins such as epoxy resins. When such wax-modified thermosettable compositions are used to coat a metallic surface, enhanced protection of the metallic surface against corrosion due to environmental exposure such as salt spray is obtained. The thermosettable compositions are particularly useful in expandable or foamable form for imparting structural reinforcement to hollow metal parts such as automotive components.

Abstract: Polyol blend comprising a polyester polyol, a tertiary amine catalyst and an organic carboxylic acid wherein said carboxylic acid contains at least one OH, SH, NH2 or NHR functional group, wherein R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group and the use of said polyol blend in the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A method of making a molecularly imprinted porous structure makes use of a surfactant analog of the molecule to be imprinted that has the imprint molecule portion serving as the surfactant headgroup. The surfactant analog is allowed to self-assemble in a mixture to create at least one supramolecular structure having exposed imprint groups. The imprinted porous structure is formed by adding reactive monomers to the mixture and allowing the monomers to polymerize, with the supramolecular structure serving as a template. The resulting solid structure has a shape that is complementary to the shape of the supramolecular structure and has cavities that are the mirror image of the imprint group. Similarly, molecularly imprinted particles may be made by using the surfactant to create a water-in-oil microemulsion wherein the imprint groups are exposed to the water phase.

Abstract: New, useful and surprisingly effective polymeric triphenylmethane colorant-containing compositions which exhibit very low color degradation within polyurethane foams. Generally during polyurethane foam production, certain amine-based hydroxyl-group containing catalysts deleteriously attack the nitrogen linking groups within triphenylmethane polymeric colorants. Such compositions require the presence of nominal yet effective amounts of organic cyclic ester materials. The ring systems of such materials appear to open during exposure to heat (during the foaming procedure) and release carboxylic acids into the foaming formulation. The tertiary amines become quenched by the carboxylic acids and thus do not exhibit degradation of the TPM-based chromophore. The resultant foams exhibit substantially uniform color throughout. The processes and resultant foams are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: An improved process to enhance polyurethane foam performance is described. Polyurethane foam is prepared by reactions between a polyisocyanate and a polyfunctional isocyanate-reactive component wherein said reactions are conducted in the presence of catalysts composed of (a) a specific reactive tertiary amine compound selected from the group consisting of bis(dimethylaminopropyl)amino-2-propanol, bis(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, dimethylaminopropyldipropanolamine, bis(dimethylamino)-2-propanol, N,N,N′-trimethyl-N′-hydroxyethyl-bis(aminoethyl)ether and mixtures thereof; and (b) at least one carboxylic acid salt of the specific reactive tertiary amine compound selected from the group consisting of hydroxy-carboxylic acid salts and halo-carboxylic acid salts.

Abstract: An amine catalyst for production of a polyurethane and a polyisocyanurate is provided which comprises a quaternary ammonium compound represented by General Formula (1): where R1 to R6 are independently a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R7 and R8 are independently a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms; n is a number of 0 to 3, provided that at n=o any one of R1, R2 and R3, and R5 and/or R6 may be linked together to form a heterocycle, or at n=1, 2, or 3, R5 or R6 and R4 may be linked together to form a heterocycle; A is a carbonate group or an organic acid group; and X is number of 1 to 2. The catalyst has high activity in formation of polyurethane foams and polyisocyanurate foams, having less odor, and producing foams of high fire retardance, having high curability, high retarding effect, and low corrosiveness.

Abstract: An amine catalyst for production of a polyurethane and a polyisocyanurate is provided which comprises a quaternary ammonium compound represented by General Formula (1): where R1 to R6 are independently a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R7 and R8 are independently a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms; n is a number of 0 to 3, provided that at n=0 any one of R1, R2 and R3, and R5 and/or R6 may be linked together to form a heterocycle, or at n=1, 2, or 3, R5 or R6 and R4 may be linked together to form a heterocycle; A is a carbonate group or an organic acid group; and X is number of 1 to 2. The catalyst has high activity in formation of polyurethane foams and polyisocyanurate foams, having less odor, and producing foams of high fire retardance, having high curability, high retarding effect, and low corrosiveness.

Abstract: A composition having the formula: wherein R is a linear alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycyclic alkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, or alkyloxyalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one primary, secondary, or tertiary amino functional group. The composition is effective as a catalyst in the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flexible polyurethane foam having good resistance to wet heat aging and resistance to ozone deterioration and a speaker edge having an excellent waterproofness comprising such a flexible polyurethane foam. As a polyol, a polyol component obtained by mixing a polyester polyol having an excellent compatibility with polyether polyol such as adipate of a long-chain alkylene glycol having at least 5 carbon atoms with a foaming agent, a catalyst, a foam stabilizer, etc. is reacted with a polyisocyanate to obtain a flexible polyurethane foam having good resistance to wet heat aging and resistance to ozone deterioration. Further, the incorporation of a specific aromatic secondary amine compound, a monofunctionally-terminated compound and an ultraviolet absorbent in the foam composition makes it possible to obtain a flexible foam having better resistance to ozone deterioration and weather resistance.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam and associated production process, in particular flexible to semi-hard block foams or soft molded foams, using polyesters or polyethers as polyols. A carbamate, or a mixture of carbamates, is used simultaneously as propellant and as catalyst, wherein the carbamate or the carbamates have the general Formula I wherein: R1 and R2 represent the same or different alkyl radicals, R3 and R4 represent the same or different radicals and denote hydrogen or alkyl radicals, R5 denotes hydrogen, an alkanol radical, a polyether monool radical or the alkyl radical, characterized by X and n represents 2 or 3.

Abstract: A method of making a molecularly imprinted porous structure makes use of a surfactant analog of the molecule to be imprinted that has the imprint molecule portion serving as the surfactant headgroup. The surfactant analog is allowed to self-assemble in a mixture to create at least one supramolecular structure having exposed imprint groups. The imprinted porous structure is formed by adding reactive monomers to the mixture and allowing the monomers to polymerize, with the supramolecular structure serving as a template. The resulting solid structure has a shape that is complementary to the shape of the supramolecular structure and has cavities that are the mirror image of the imprint group. Similarly, molecularly imprinted particles may be made by using the surfactant to create a water-in-oil microemulsion wherein the imprint groups are exposed to the water phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flexible polyurethane foam having good resistance to wet heat aging and resistance to ozone deterioration and a speaker edge having an excellent waterproofness comprising such a flexible polyurethane foam. As a polyol, a polyol component obtained by mixing a polyester polyol having an excellent compatibility with polyether polyol such as adipate of a long-chain alkylene glycol having at least 5 carbon atoms with a foaming agent, a catalyst, a foam stabilizer, etc. is reacted with a polyisocyanate to obtain a flexible polyurethane foam having good resistance to wet heat aging and resistance to ozone deterioration. Further, the incorporation of a specific aromatic secondary amine compound, a monofunctionally-terminated compound and an ultraviolet absorbent in the foam composition makes it possible to obtain a flexible foam having better resistance to ozone deterioration and weather resistance.

Abstract: A fiber, especially an optical fiber, comprising a lightguide, provided with a protective coating comprising at least one layer of a crosslinked epoxidized-polydiene oligomer, as well as to a process for manufacturing such a fiber. The protective coating may include an intermediate layer of a crosslinked material that adheres to the fiber less strongly than the crosslinked epoxidized-polydiene oligomer.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polyurethane foam comprising, reacting a polyol composition comprising a polyol component containing a polyoxypropylene-based polyol having an unsaturation degree of not more than 0.06 meq/g, a catalyst and water with a polyisocyanate compound. The polyurethane foam can be suitably used as shoe soles and the like.

Abstract: A process for producing an urea preparation of reduced particle-size and narrow particle-size distribution by using an air milling process is provided. Also provided is an urea preparation of reduced particle-size, narrow particle-size distribution, and high purity.

Abstract: A superporous hydrogel composite is formed by polymerizing one or more ethylenically-unsaturated monomers, and a multiolefinic crosslinking agent, in the presence of particles of a disintegrant and a blowing agent. The disintegrant, which rapidly absorbs water, serves to greatly increase the mechanical strength of the superporous hydrogel and significantly shorten the time required to absorb water and swell. Superporous hydrogel composites prepared by this method have an average pore size in the range of 10 &mgr;m to 3,000 &mgr;m. Preferred particles of disintegrant include natural and synthetic charged polymers, such as crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose, crosslinked sodium starch glycolate, and crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone. The blowing agent is preferably a compound that releases gas bubbles upon acidification, such as NaHCO3. Improved hydrogel composites formed without a blowing agent are also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are subcombinations from which polyurethane foams and polyurethane foams containing polyisocyanurates may be prepared. The subcombinations are unique in that they contain components which synergistically act towards promoting compatibility between a blowing agent and the remaining components of the formulation. Through the use of the teachings herein, blowing agent concentrations in excess of 25% by weight of the total subcombination may be incorporated.

Abstract: A method for making an energy-absorbing foam with polyurethane fillers that produces an energy-absorbing foam with properties that are comparable to a foam made without fillers.

Abstract: Process for making rigid polyurethane or urethane-modified polyisocyanurate foams comprising the step of reacting an organic polyisocyanate composition with an isocyanate-reactive composition comprising a polyester polyol in the presence of an amine catalyst characterized in that the pKa of the conjugated ammonium salt of said amine is less than 12.

Abstract: A method for making flexible polyurethane foam in which a polyisocyanate is reacted with a polyol in the presence of a urethane catalyst, a blowing agent, optionally a silicone surfactant cell stabilizer, and a cell opening additive. The cell opening additive comprises an active methylene or methine compound which also contains a tertiary amine. Preferred cell opening additives are 2-cyano-N-[3-(dimethylamino)-propyl]acetamide and (NC)CH2C(O)OCH2CH2N(CH3)CH2CH2OCH2CH2N(CH3)2.

Abstract: A process for the production of micro-cellular or non-cellular, light-stable elastomeric, flexible or semi-flexible polyurethane moldings which are especially suited for window encapsulation applications from a reaction mixture by the reaction injection molding process, wherein: A) an isocyanate component containing an isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) trimer/monomer mixture having an NCO content of from 24.

Abstract: Process for making rigid polyurethane or urethane-modified polyisocyanurate foams comprising the step of reacting an organic polyisocyanate composition with an isocyanate-reactive composition comprising a polyester polyol in the presence of an amine catalyst characterized in that the pKa of the conjugated ammonium salt of said amine is less than 12.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of foamed plastics materials based on polyisocyanate polyaddition products by the reaction of isocyanates with isocyanate-reactive compounds in the presence of catalysts and, optionally, auxiliaries and/or additives, wherein i) isocyanates having isocyanurate and/or biuret structures are used, the isocyanate-reactive compounds used are ii) at least one diol and/or polyol having a molecular weight of from 400 to 8000 and containing at least 50% of primary hydroxyl groups based on all of the hydroxyl groups present in the compound, iii) at least one compound having at least one primary amine group, and diols and/or triols having molecular weights of less than 400 are optionally used as chain-extending and/or crosslinking agents, the reaction being carried out in the presence of iv) at least one tertiary amine acting as catalyst and/or v) at least one metal salt acting as catalyst and vi) water.

Abstract: Polyether and polyester poloyols and polyurethane foams are stabilized by including therein stabilizers selected from (1) diphenylaminomethylbenzotriazole substituted by alkyl or phenylalkyl groups or (2) synergistic compositions consisting of (a) benzotriazole or alkylbenzotriazole and (b) secondary aromatic amine substituted by alkyl or phenylalkyl groups wherein the benzotriazole and amine is present in critical ratios. Furthermore, a method is disclosed for preparation of polyurethane foams from polyols and polyisocyanate that have reduced discoloration due to scorch by adding diphenylamino methylbenzotriazole or compositions of benzotriazole and secondary aromatic amine as scorch inhibitors to the polyol, foaming the polyol and curing.

Abstract: A microbicidal organic polymer material for use in manufacturing of contact lenses, condoms, surgical sutures and gloves, medical examination devices and similar uses is provided by polymers to which is tightly adsorbed a disinfectant organic dye. Many polymers such as polyvinyl chloride and acrylic polymers show exceptional avidity for a number of microbicides, of acidic, basic, aromatic and/or hydrophobic character such as methylene blue and gentian violet. Consequently, devices constructed of these polymeric materials release no free dye to an aqueous solution. The material is generally a natural or synthetic polymer that releases no particles or fines into wounds or body orifices. Presence of adsorbed disinfectant organic dye allows the polymer to inhibit microbial growth in a number of different situations. Several common microbes are killed by being incubated in the present of an embodiment of the invention which contains a combination of methylene blue and gentian violet.

Abstract: The invention herein relates to a process of preparing a novel polyimide foam having superior heat-resistance, flame retardancy, homogeneous size and distribution of cells, and low density, wherein a polyimide precursor in a granular form is prepared by means of using heterocyclic amine as catalyst and then foaming. According to the present invention, the preparing process of a polyimide foam comprises reacting aromatic carboxylic acid or the anhydrides thereof with an excess of aliphatic univalent alcohol to yield an aromatic ester solution. To the aromatic ester solution, divalent amines or the mixture thereof were added in the equivalent amount of said carboxylic acid or the anhydrides thereof in addition to a catalyst and surfactant to yield a polyimide. Then, the precursor in a granular form mixture was imidized while foaming by means of pre-heating and then heating in a microwave oven, after which was cured at a high temperature.

Abstract: In a process for producing self-releasing, compact or cellular moldings which comprise polyisocyanate polyaddition products and may contain reinforcing material by reacting a) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates with b) at least one compound containing at least two reactive hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of from 62 to 10,000 and, if desired, c) chain extenders and/or crosslinkers in the presence of d) internal mold release agents and in the presence of or absence of e) catalysts, f) blowing agents, g) reinforcing materials and h) auxiliaries in an open or closed mold, the internal mold release agents (d) used are diesters and/or monoesters of alkylsuccinic acids and/or diesters and/or monoesters of alkenylsuccinic acids.