C-x-c Reactant Contains A Carbohydrate Group Patents (Class 521/175)
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Patent number: 4304877Abstract: Small particles of lignin-cellulose-containing plants are mixed with an alkali metal silicate, then heated at 80.degree. C. to 120.degree. C. while agitating, thereby producing an alkali metal lignin-cellulose silicate polymer.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1979Date of Patent: December 8, 1981Inventor: David H. Blount
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Patent number: 4302551Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing cellular polymers having urethane groups, isocyanurate groups, or both. The cellular polymers are prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with certain polymer dispersions in the presence of a blowing agent.The polymer dispersions comprise(a) as a continuous phase, a polyol having a functionality of 2 to 8 and a hydroxyl number of 150 to 700; and(b) as a dispersed phase, an organic compound having(a) at least one Zerewitinoff active hydrogen atom,(b) a melting point of 30.degree. C. to 260.degree. C., and(c) a molecular weight of 178 to 100,000.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1980Date of Patent: November 24, 1981Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Peter Horn, Anton Hesse, Peter Weyland, Wolfgang Straehle, Matthias Marx
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Patent number: 4288562Abstract: The reaction of isocyanates with substances containing isocyanate groups or active hydrogen groups, such as hydroxyl groups, amino groups and the like, are initiated by sulfonium zwitterions such as the ar-cyclic sulfonium areneoxides. Accordingly, partially trimerized isocyanates, polyurethanes and other useful materials can be made.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1980Date of Patent: September 8, 1981Assignee: The Dow Chemical Co.Inventors: Jiri Kresta, Chen S. Shen
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Patent number: 4283311Abstract: Small particles of cellulose-containing plants are mixed with an alkali metal hydroxide then heated to 150.degree. to 220.degree. C. while agitating thereby producing a broken down cellulose polymer which is then reacted with a polysubstituted organic compound in an aqueous solution to produce a broken down cellulose copolymer.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1980Date of Patent: August 11, 1981Inventor: David H. Blount
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Patent number: 4273882Abstract: A process for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams which are relatively stable at elevated temperatures involves reacting a polyether polyol reactant with an organic polyisocyanate reactant in the presence of a foaming agent comprising water. The polyol reactant is a select combination of three polyols and is effective in improving the thermal stability of the resulting foam without appreciably affecting its other physical properties.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1980Date of Patent: June 16, 1981Assignee: Olin CorporationInventor: Robert J. Raynor
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Patent number: 4266043Abstract: A resilient hydrophobic foamed polymer obtained by reacting a mixture of an isocyanate terminated urethane prepolymer and a polyisocyanate (A) with aqueous material, said prepolymer being relatively hydrophilic and the reaction product of a molar excess of a polyisocyanate (B) with a polyetherpolyol having from 15 to 50% by weight of oxethylene content, said aqueous material having a water content between about 15 to 150% by weight based on said prepolymer, the amount of said polyisocyanate (A) ranging between about 5 to 15% by weight based on said prepolymer, said polyetherpolyol being selected from the group consisting of (a) the addition polymerization product of a starting material, ethylene oxide and another epoxide and (b) a mixture of at least two of the following:(1) The addition polymerization product of a starting material and ethylene oxide;(2) the addition polymerization product of a starting material and an epoxide other than ethylene oxide;(3) the addition polymerization material, ethylene oxideType: GrantFiled: November 5, 1979Date of Patent: May 5, 1981Assignee: Toyo Rubber Chemical Industrial CorporationInventors: Osamu Fujii, Toshio Kishimoto, Akio Kobayashi
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Patent number: 4262093Abstract: Advantageous rigid polyurethane foam properties (e.g. compressive strength) can be improved and the proportions of polymerization catalyst and/or surfactant needed to provide a given level of such properties can be lowered by preparing such foams from compositions comprising, in addition to the conventional foam-forming reactants including polyisocyanate and polyol, from about 3% to about 10% , based on the weight of the polyol, of a plasticizer selected from essentially halogen-free phosphates and carboxylates containing at least one aryl radical, e.g. isodecyl diphenyl phosphate or butyl benzyl phthalate.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1979Date of Patent: April 14, 1981Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Jasper H. Brown, Albert W. Morgan, Donald S. T. Wang
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Patent number: 4248975Abstract: A rigid shrink stable polyurethane foam having a K factor value below 0.22 and having substantially all closed cells is prepared from a reaction product of an arylene polyisocyanate and an addition product of an alkylene oxide having at least three carbon atoms and a polyol having at least four hydroxy groups using a chlorofluoro-lower alkane blowing agent.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1978Date of Patent: February 3, 1981Assignee: Witco Chemical CorporationInventor: Kenneth P. Satterly
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Patent number: 4247657Abstract: Small particles of cellulose-containing plants, fine granular oxidated, silicon compounds and an alkali metal hydroxide are mixed, then heated to 150.degree. C. to 220.degree. C. while agitating until the plant particles soften or melt, thereby producing an alkali metal cellulose silicate condensation product.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1980Date of Patent: January 27, 1981Inventor: David Blount
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Patent number: 4247654Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the production of polyether polyols having an average molecular weight of from 200 to 10,000 and an average hydroxyl functionality of from 2.0 to 7.0, comprising reacting one or more alkylene oxides, optionally successively, with a mixture of polyhydric alcohols which has been produced by reduction of the condensation products from the condensation of formaldehyde hydrate. The invention is also directed to the process for the production of polyether polyols characterized in that the mixture of polyhydric alcohols is mixed with dihydric and/or trihydric alcohols and/or monoamines or polyamines prior to alkoxylation. Finally, the invention is directed to the use of the alkoxylated mixtures as the isocyanate-reactive component in the production of optionally cellular polyurethane plastics.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1979Date of Patent: January 27, 1981Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventor: Kuno Wagner
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Patent number: 4235988Abstract: A sustained release delivery means comprising a biologically active agent and a hydrophilic linear block poly oxyalkylene- polyurethane copolymer.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1979Date of Patent: November 25, 1980Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries LimitedInventors: Francis J. T. Fildes, Francis G. Hutchinson
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Patent number: 4230824Abstract: The invention provides a means for making a high functional (.gtoreq.6.5), low viscosity, low hydroxyl number sucrose-based polyether polyol. The process involves the use of a polyalkylene polyamine, such as diethylenetriamine, as both co-initiator and catalyst for the alkoxylation reaction of sucrose. These polyols are particularly suited for the production of rigid polyurethane foams having excellent dimensional stability, particularly at low temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1978Date of Patent: October 28, 1980Assignee: Mobay Chemical CorporationInventor: Neil H. Nodelman
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Patent number: 4226982Abstract: Small particles of cellulose-containing plants are mixed with an alkali metal hydroxide, such as lye flakes, in the ratio of about 2 parts by weight of the plant to 1 to 3 parts by weight of the alkali metal hydroxide, then heated to 150.degree. C. to 220.degree. C. for 5 to 60 minutes while agitating until the plant particles soften or melt, thereby producing broken-down cellulose polymers in the form of dark brown particles or powder.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1979Date of Patent: October 7, 1980Inventor: David H. Blount
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Patent number: 4220728Abstract: The reaction of isocyanates with substances containing isocyanate groups or active hydrogen groups, such as hydroxyl groups, amino groups and the like, are initiated by sulfonium zwitterions such as the ar-cyclic sulfonium areneoxides. Accordingly, partially trimerized isocyanates, polyurethanes and other useful materials can be made.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1978Date of Patent: September 2, 1980Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Jiri Kresta, Chen S. Shen
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Patent number: 4216296Abstract: A polyurethane foam composition is disclosed which has low smoke generation characteristics (i.e., a rating of less than 50 in the ASTM E-84 Tunnel Test). The composition comprises 80-100 parts by weight of poly(trichloro-oxybutylene) carbohydrate adduct, 0-20 parts by weight of an amine-based polyol, 80-155 parts by weight of a polyalkylene polyphenyl isocyanate, 10-50 parts by weight of a fluorcarbon foaming agent, 0.3-3.0 parts by weight of a surfactant, and 0.005-4.0 parts of a catalyst. The foam finds use as a thermal insulation, particularly pipe insulation.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1978Date of Patent: August 5, 1980Assignee: Johns-Manville CorporationInventor: David G. Wernsing
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Patent number: 4211849Abstract: In the disclosed process of producing resilient open-celled, cross-linked polyurethane foams, by foaming polyol, polyisocyanate, catalyst and blowing agent, the foaming is effected in the presence of a cross-linker which is a saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heteroaliphatic or arylaliphatic crystalline polyhydroxy compound having at least 3 hydroxy groups. The crystalline polyhydroxy compound is insoluble or only slightly soluble in the polyol to be foamed and melts within the temperature range of about 60.degree.-160.degree. C. The amount of crystalline polyhydroxy compound to be used corresponds to about 0.1-5.0 hydroxy equivalent weights per 1 hydroxy equivalent weight of the polyol to be foamed.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1975Date of Patent: July 8, 1980Assignee: Th. Goldschmidt AGInventors: Hans-Joachim Kollmeier, Gerd Rossmy
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Patent number: 4205136Abstract: A process for producing a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent flame retardance and low-smoke development is disclosed. When the rigid polyurethane foam is produced by reacting a polyhydroxyl compound with an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent, a surfactant, a catalyst and other additives, 3-methylpentane-1,3,5-triol is used as a part of the polyhydroxyl compound.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1979Date of Patent: May 27, 1980Assignee: Bridgestone Tire Company LimitedInventors: Takashi Ohashi, Minoru Kojima, Masako Yoshida, Toru Okuyama, Ryozo Sakata
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Patent number: 4205138Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the production of a mixture of low molecular weight polyhydric alcohols, hydroxy aldehydes and hydroxy ketones by condensing formaldehyde hydrate in the presence of calcium hydroxide as catalyst and in the presence of compounds capable of enediol formation as co-catalyst. A formaldehyde-containing enediol formation as co-catalyst. A formaldehyde containing solution of the co-catalyst in water and, optionally, low molecular weight monohydric or polyhydric alcohols and/or relatively high molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds is adjusted to a pH value of from 9 to 12, preferably from 9 to 10, by the addition of calcium hydroxide at a temperature of from 80.degree. to 110.degree. C., preferably from 90.degree. to 105.degree. C., so that condensation of the formaldehyde hydrate is initiated.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 1979Date of Patent: May 27, 1980Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hanns P. Muller, Kuno Wagner
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Patent number: 4198487Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of inorganic-organic synthetic materials having high strength, elasticity, dimensional stability under heat, and flame resistance, consisting of a polymer-polysilicic acid gel composite material in the form of a solid/solid xerosol, said process comprising mixing(a) an organic polyisocyanate,(b) an aqueous basic solution and/or an aqueous basic suspension having an inorganic solid content of from 20 to 80% by weight, preferably from 30 to 70% by weight,(c) an organic compound containing at least one isocyanate reactive hydrogen atom and at least one non-ionic-hydrophilic group and(d) optionally catalysts and other additivesand leaving the resulting mixture to react, characterized in that components (a) and (b), optionally with the addition of part or all of component (d) are first mixed together to form a stable primary dispersion and thereafter component (c), optionally with the addition of all or part of component (d), is added to form the fiType: GrantFiled: August 1, 1978Date of Patent: April 15, 1980Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Joachim Scholl, Dieter Dieterich, Peter Markusch, Rainer Welte
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Patent number: 4197372Abstract: Semi-flexible, shock-absorbing polyurethane foams containing an amylaceous material, such as a cereal starch or flour, and having an open cell structure are prepared by co-reacting the amylaceous material and a polyether with an aromatic polyisocyanate having a functionality of about 2 to about 2.4. The foams are particularly useful in crash padding.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1978Date of Patent: April 8, 1980Assignee: Krause Milling CompanyInventor: Fritz Hostettler
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Patent number: 4169922Abstract: Advantageous rigid polyurethane foam properties (e.g. compressive strength) can be improved and the proportions of polymerization catalyst and/or surfactant needed to provide a given level of such properties can be lowered by preparing such foams from compositions comprising, in addition to the conventional foam-forming reactants including polyisocyanate and polyol, from about 3% to about 10%, based on the weight of the polyol, of a plasticizer selected from essentially halogen-free phosphates and carboxylates containing at least one aryl radical, e.g. isodecyl diphenyl phosphate or butyl benzyl phthalate.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1977Date of Patent: October 2, 1979Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Jasper H. Brown, Albert W. Morgan, Donald S. T. Wang
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Patent number: 4156759Abstract: Polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting an active hydrogen-containing organic compound with an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent and an amylaceous material which has been stabilized (a) by treating with a stabilizing agent containing an effective amount of an antioxidant capable of inhibiting the formation of oxidation products in the amylaceous material upon exposure to an oxidizing atmosphere or (b) by removing substantially all, or at least a major portion, of the oxidizable materials, particularly fatty acids or fats, from the amylaceous material.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1978Date of Patent: May 29, 1979Assignee: Krause Milling CompanyInventor: Fritz Hostettler
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Patent number: 4156060Abstract: Phenol silicate compounds and resinous products with free hydroxyl and silicate groups will react chemically with polyisocyanate compounds to produce poly (urethane silicate) prepolymers and may be cured by use of water to produce a solid/cellular solid reaction product.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1978Date of Patent: May 22, 1979Inventor: David H. Blount
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Patent number: 4145487Abstract: Fiber-containing polyurethane foams having improved compression properties, especially at deformations of greater than 50%, are obtained by incorporating in the foam-forming composition from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of finished foam, of polyolefin fibers, e.g., polyethylene or polypropylene fibers, that have been treated to provide them with functional groups that are reactive with isocyanates. The reactive fibers may be obtained by fixing to the fiber surface or incorporating in the fiber polyfunctional compounds, e.g., starch, methylcellulose, carboxy methylcellulose, saccharin, polyglycols, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyl-group-containing block copolymers, completely saponified copolymers of ethylene and vinylacetate and oxidation products of a polyolefin.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 1976Date of Patent: March 20, 1979Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus J. Behme, Harald Cherdron, Wolfgang Gordon, Hugo Burkhardt
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Patent number: 4136046Abstract: Diorganotin compounds wherein at least one of the remaining valences on the tin atom is satisfied by a sulfur atom or a thiocyanate group are unique among diorganotin compounds in that they retain their catalytic activity over extended periods of time in the presence of the precursors or masterbatches conventionally employed to prepare rigid, cellular polyurethanes.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1976Date of Patent: January 23, 1979Assignee: M&T Chemicals Inc.Inventors: Justin L. Hirshman, Kenneth Treadwell
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Patent number: 4119585Abstract: The combination of a diorganotin sulfide, -polysulfide, -dithiocyanate, bis(thiocyanato diorganotin) sulfide or bis(thiocyanato diorganotin) oxide with a tertiary amine functions as a latent catalyst for rigid polyurethane foams. Latency is not observed using a tertiary amine with other sulfur-containing organotin compounds.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 1977Date of Patent: October 10, 1978Assignee: M&T Chemicals Inc.Inventors: James F. Kenney, Kenneth Treadwell
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Patent number: 4111828Abstract: Stable mixtures, comprising a sucrose-based polyol, a .beta.-haloalkyl phosphate or .beta.-haloalkyl phosphonate flame retardant and a hydroxylamine catalyst are provided which are characterized by prolonged shelf life. The stable mixtures are used in the preparation of foamed urethane polymers by reaction thereof with an isocyanate. The urethane polymers are useful as flexible foam insulating material in buildings, pipe lines, storage tanks and refrigerators and as flexible foams in cushions, mattresses, carpet backings, and packaging materials.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1977Date of Patent: September 5, 1978Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventor: Donald S. T. Wang
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Patent number: 4100114Abstract: A rigid polyurethane foam composition characterized by containing 5 to 20% by weight of hollow-spherical Silas balloons having a particle size of 100 to 300 .mu.(based on the total weight of the polyol and isocyanate components of the polyurethane foam) and 0.2 to 2% by weight of an organosilane compound (based on the total weight of the polyol and isocyanate components of the polyurethane foam and said Silas balloons) in the rigid polyurethane foam.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1975Date of Patent: July 11, 1978Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Reishi Naka, Toshikazu Narahara, Junji Mukai