Including Step Of Surface Coating A Particle Or Process Of Expanding A Surface Coated Particle Patents (Class 521/57)
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Patent number: 5240967Abstract: A method for improving the expandability of styrenic polymer particles is disclosed. The method comprises copolymerizing a styrenic monomer with an amount of an acrylate monomer effective to improve the expandability of the particles without adversely affecting their heat sensitivity. Polymer foams of low density can be prepared with reduced amounts of blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 1993Date of Patent: August 31, 1993Assignee: ARCO Chemical Technology, L.P.Inventors: Fred M. Sonnenberg, Dennis M. Hajnik, William J. Poole
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Patent number: 5234963Abstract: The present invention is directed to the process and apparatus for compounding and pelletizing of chemical foaming agents in a high melt resin carrier and producing unique, uniform encapsulated and pelletized chemical foaming concentrates. More specifically, the present invention is directed to the compounding, encapsulating and pelletizing in a high melt resin carrier a highly loaded concentration (5 to 70 wt %) of foaming agents which include an endothermic foaming agent, an exothermic foaming agent or hybrid combinations of these two such that when incorporated into a thermoplastic resin to produce a foamed product will chemically react to form a mixture of carbon dioxide, nitrogen or hydrogen as the active foaming agent.Type: GrantFiled: November 10, 1992Date of Patent: August 10, 1993Assignee: Gaia ResearchInventors: Rodrigo A. Garcia, Joseph G. Gho
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Patent number: 5234962Abstract: Polyolefin foams having a density of from 0.01 to 0.1 g/cm.sup.3 and having 2 to 1000 cells/mm.sup.2 and containing a resin acid, a lower alkyl ester or a resin acid or (hydro) abietyl phthalate as organic foaming aid have a homogeneous cell structure.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1993Date of Patent: August 10, 1993Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Isidoor de Grave, Wolfram Koegel, Klaus Hahn
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Patent number: 5229209Abstract: A process for the manufacture of core/shell polymer particles comprises forming a core particle containing acid functionality, a first shell around said core of a copolymer of a nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated aromatic monomer and a copolymerisable polar monomer in an amount of at least 15% by weight of the copolymer and having a solubility in water at 20.degree. C. of at least 1% by weight and a second shell around said first shell of a polymer or copolymer of a nonionic monomer having a solubility in water at 20.degree. C. of less than 1% by weight and swelling the particle with a non-volatile alkali to generate one or more vesicles.Preferably each shell contains a polymer or copolymer of styrene.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1991Date of Patent: July 20, 1993Assignee: Tioxide Group PLCInventors: Hrire Gharapetian, Gerald K. Chip, Alfred Rudin
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Patent number: 5217802Abstract: A composite porous membrane is formed from a porous polymeric substrate having its entire surface modified with a cross-linked polymer which results in a hydrophobic and oleophobic surface. The composite membrane retains substantially all of its other original properties. The cross-linked polymer is formed in situ on the polymeric substrate from a reactant system comprising an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least one fluoroalkyl group, a cross-linker, and, if needed, a polymerization initiator, dissolved in a nonpolar and or weakly polar solvent system. The membrane substrate saturated with the reactant system is exposed to a suitable energy source to effect polymerization and cross linking of the monomer.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 1992Date of Patent: June 8, 1993Assignee: Millipore CorporationInventor: Louis M. Scarmoutzos
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Patent number: 5194459Abstract: An insulating material formed from a network of hollow gas-filled microspheres embedded in a cured three-dimensional cross-linked polymer network of copolymerized unsaturated fluorinated monomers and acrylic monomers reacted in a fluorinated organic solvent.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1991Date of Patent: March 16, 1993Assignee: Junkosha Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshiaki Sato, Sakuko Kaneda
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Patent number: 5189072Abstract: A foamable composition comprising an alkenyl aromatic polymer, blowing agent and a transient foam control agent that is effective to reduce polymer melt viscosity in the melt phase but nonmiscible and nondetrimental to the solid polymer.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1992Date of Patent: February 23, 1993Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Timothy W. Rhoads, Takao Kadota, Kyung W. Suh, William G. Stobby
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Patent number: 5189071Abstract: A foamable composition comprising an alkenyl aromatic polymer, blowing agent and a transient foam control agent that is effective to reduce polymer melt viscosity in the melt phase but nonmiscible and nondetrimental to the solid polymer.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1992Date of Patent: February 23, 1993Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Timothy W. Rhoads, Kyung W. Suh, Takao Kadota, William G. Stobby
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Patent number: 5180752Abstract: Microsphere wet cake is mixed with a surface barrier coating effective to prevent agglomeration and surface bonding of the microspheres, and removing water by drying with continuous mixing at high shear. In a subsequent step, by the control of the application of heat and balancing temperature and low shear mixing, it is possible to also control expansion of the microspheres.The surface barrier coating in the present invention is any one of a wide diversity of materials which meet the requirements of the intended function, i.e., to prevent the agglomeration of the microspheres during the process. Suitable materials include, by way of example, dry inorganic pigments or filler materials, and the like, and related organic materials.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1990Date of Patent: January 19, 1993Assignee: Pierce & Stevens CorporationInventors: George E. Melber, Leon E. Wolinski, William A. Oswald
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Patent number: 5175194Abstract: A flame retardant composition and process which is particularly useful for rebonded foam products. The composition of the present invention includes a solid component of magnesium sulfate, boric acid, decabromodiphenylethylene oxide (DECA) and antimony trioxide and a liquid component of halogenated phosphorous. The present invention is based upon the discovery of the synergism between boric acid and DECA. The process, according to the present invention, includes the steps of forming a dispersion of the solid portion of the flame retardant composition along with a small amount of water based adhesive to a mass of foam chips. The treated chips are then dried to permit handling and storage. The dried foam chips subsequently are mixed with a conventional urethane prepolymer binder and the liquid halogenated phosphorous flame retardant compound. After mixing the foam mass is transferred to molds and steamed to allow the binder to cure.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1992Date of Patent: December 29, 1992Assignee: Triad-Fabco, Inc.Inventors: Robert W. Ward, Rogelio Tornero, Freeman J. Henderson
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Patent number: 5145878Abstract: In order to dry finely divided, expandable styrene polymers having a particle size of from 0.02 to 3 mm, the bead polymers, in the form of a slurry in water, are freed from the majority of the water and subsequently exposed to a gaseous medium. The drying is carried out in two steps, by jointly conveying the bead polymer and a first gas stream, warmed to from about 45.degree. to 120.degree. C., through a flow dryer, the ratio between the gas and the bead polymer being from 2 to 40 kg/kg, separating the bead polymer from the first gas stream, immediately transferring the bead polymer into a fluidized bed and treating the polymer with a second gas stream at from about 0.degree. to 75.degree. C. Styrene polymers obtained in this way are free-flowing and can be foamed without difficulty in commercially available prefoaming units. They are used, inter alia, in the construction industry, for example as aggregate for insulation plaster.Type: GrantFiled: February 10, 1992Date of Patent: September 8, 1992Inventors: Klaus Hahn, Matthias Dietrich
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Patent number: 5137655Abstract: A high temperature endothermic blowing agent which is a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid and an inorganic carbonate, the polycarboxylic acid and inorganic carbonate each having been surface treated with a component which prevents water from being absorbed thereby. The blowing agent is incorporated into a polymer and used for producing foamed products.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 1991Date of Patent: August 11, 1992Assignee: J. M. Huber CorporationInventors: John A. Kosin, Gerry Mooney, Michael A. Tarquini, Rod A. Garcia
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Patent number: 5128073Abstract: Expandable thermoplastic resin beads coated with a novel very high frequency energy absorbing material are expanded with microwave energy.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1989Date of Patent: July 7, 1992Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Richard B. Allen, Bang M. Kim, David S. Miller, III
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Patent number: 5124364Abstract: A composite foam of low thermal conductivity comprisesa) 20-80% by volume of silica aerogel particles having a mean diameter of from 0.1 to 20 mm and a density of from 0.08 to 0.40 g/cm.sup.3,b) 20-80% by volume of styrene polymer foam which surrounds the particles of component a) and binds them to one another and has a density of from 0.01 to 0.15 g/cm.sup.3, and, if desired,c) conventional additives in effective amounts.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 1991Date of Patent: June 23, 1992Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bernardo Wolff, Frieder Hohwiller, Guenther Seybold
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Patent number: 5124365Abstract: Expandable styrene polymers having a particle diameter of from 0.025 to 0.3 mm and coated with 0.5% by weight or more of a finely divided solid having a melting point above 120.degree. C. are used as a heat-insulating filler for lightweight plaster.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1991Date of Patent: June 23, 1992Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Kurt Rappold, Horst Steinbrecher, Manfred Walter
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Patent number: 5122545Abstract: Prefoamed synthetic resin particles are produced by dispersing foamable resin particles in a dispersing medium within a closed vessel, said foamable resin particles containing a water-soluble inorganic substance and a blowing agent therein, and then releasing the foamable resin particles and the medium into an atmosphere of a pressure lower than that inside the vessel, whereby the thus-released foamable resin particles are allowed to undergo foaming.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1990Date of Patent: June 16, 1992Assignee: JSP CorporationInventors: Hideki Kuwabara, Hidehiro Sasaki, Masato Naito, Kazuo Turugai
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Patent number: 5114981Abstract: A flame retardant composition and process which is particularly useful for rebonded foam products. The composition of the present invention includes a solid component of magnesium sulfate, boric acid, decabromodiphenylethylene oxide (DECA) and antimony trioxide and a liquid component of halogenated phosphorous. The present invention is based upon the discovery of the synergism between boric acid and DECA. The process, according to the present invention, includes the steps of forming a dispersion of the solid portion of the flame retardant composition along with a small amount of water based adhesive to a mass of foam chips. The treated chips are then dried to permit handling and storage. The dried foam chips subsequently are mixed with a conventional urethane prepolymer binder and the liquid halogenated phosphorous flame retardant compound. After mixing the foam mass is transferred to molds and steamed to allow the binder to cure.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1991Date of Patent: May 19, 1992Assignee: Triad-Fabco, Inc.Inventors: Robert W. Ward, Rogelio Tornero, Freeman J. Henderson
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Patent number: 5112875Abstract: A polystyrene polymer as well as an expandable polystyrene formulation comprises a polystyrene polymer having a particular molecular weight distribution. The polymer itself exhibits a polydispersity of from about 1 to less than 2.0, a weight average molecular weight of greater than about 200,000 to about 300,000, and an M.sub.z :M.sub.n of from about 2 to less than about 3.0. Furthermore, the polystyrene polymer is branched to from 0 to less than 5 weight percent.The expandable polystyrene formulation comprises a polystyrene polymer exhibiting a polydispersity of from about 1.0 to less than 2.5, a weight average molecular weight of from greater than about 180,000 to about 300,000, an M.sub.z :M.sub.n of from about 2 to about 4.5. The polystyrene polymer is present in an amount of from about 94.5 weight percent to about 98 weight percent, based on the total weight of the formulation, and the polystyrene polymer is branched to from 0 to less than 5 weight percent.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1990Date of Patent: May 12, 1992Assignee: BASF CorporationInventors: Eugene K. Zimmermann, Bernhard Wagner, William E. Volz, William H. Harclerode, John V. Wiman, John C. Voss
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Patent number: 5110841Abstract: Polyolefin foams and films having improved electrostatic properties are provided by incorporating into the polyolefin foam or film a novel antistatic additive composition comprising 0.1 to 10 parts per hundred based on the weight of the olefin polymer of a quaternary ammonium salt and 0.1 to 10 parts per hundred based on the weight of the olefin polymer of a partial ester of a long-chain fatty acid with a polyol. A method of making the foam containing the novel antistatic additive composition is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1991Date of Patent: May 5, 1992Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Bruce A. Malone
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Patent number: 5110835Abstract: An antistatic expandable styrene polymer in bead form, containinga) a styrene polymer,b) from 0.5 to 3% by weight, based on a), of a coating containingb1) from 10 to 70% by weight of finely divided silica;b2) from 20 to 80% by weight of a hydroxy-containing quaternary ammonium saltand, if desired, p1 b3) from 0.05 to 20% by weight of a conventional coupling agent and/orc) from 1 to 8% by weight, based on a), of a C.sub.3 to C.sub.6 hydrocarbon as blowing agent,and, if desired,d) conventional additives in effective amounts.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1991Date of Patent: May 5, 1992Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Manfred Walter, Karl-Heinz Wassmer, Maria Lorenz
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Patent number: 5106534Abstract: A stabilized powdered endothermic blowing agent which is a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid and an inorganic carbonate, the polycarboxylic acid and inorganic carbonate each having been surface treated with a component which prevents water from being absorbed thereby. The blowing agent is incorporated into a polymeric concentrate used for producing foamed products.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 1991Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: J. M. Huber CorporationInventors: Satish K. Wason, Gerry Mooney, Claude R. Andrews, Michael E. Tarquini, John A. Kosin, Rod A. Garcia
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Patent number: 5096623Abstract: A flame retardant composition and process which is particular useful for rebounded foam products. The composition of the present invention includes a solid component of magnesium sulfate, boric acid, decabromodiphenylethylene oxide (DECA) and antimony trioxide and a liquid component of halogenated phosphorous. The present invention is based upon the discovery of the synergism between boric acid and DECA. The process, according to the present invention, includes the steps of forming a dispersion of the solid portion of the flame retardant composition along with a small amount of water based adhesive to a mass of foam chips. The treated chips are then dried to permit handling and storage. The dried foam chips subsequently are mixed with a conventional urethane prepolymer binder and the liquid halogenated phosphorous flame retardant compound. After mixing the foam mass is transferred to molds and steamed to allow the binder to cure.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1991Date of Patent: March 17, 1992Assignee: Triad-Fabco, Inc.Inventors: Robert W. Ward, Rogelio Tornero, Freeman J. Henderson
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Patent number: 5089329Abstract: This invention relates to an expandable tape for use in making cables. The expandable tape comprises a carrier material carrying thermally expanding microcapsules therein or thereon. The invention also relates to the use of the tape in the manufacture of cables, and to the cables incorporating such tape.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1987Date of Patent: February 18, 1992Assignee: Union Industrial Y. A.Inventors: Roelf R. A. de Vrieze, Petrus G. J. Vogel
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Patent number: 5071884Abstract: Polyolefin foams and films having improved electrostatic properties are provided by incorporating into the polyolefin foam or film a novel antistatic additive composition comprising 0.1 to 10 parts per hundred based on the weight of the olefin polymer of a quaternary ammonium salt and 0.1 to 10 parts per hundred based on the weight of the olefin polymer of a partial ester of a long-chain fatty acid with a polyol. A method of making the foam containing the novel antistatic additive composition is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1990Date of Patent: December 10, 1991Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Bruce A. Malone
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Patent number: 5045570Abstract: Compositions for producing foamed products which include additives and blowing agents which cause the surface treatment additives to migrate to the surfaces of foamed products. The products produced from the compositions require less additives because the incorporated additives are concentrated at the surface thereof.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 1990Date of Patent: September 3, 1991Assignee: J. M. Huber CorporationInventors: Gerry Mooney, Rod A. Garcia, Michael E. Tarquini, John A. Kosin
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Patent number: 5043218Abstract: Flame-resistant, expandable styrene polymers containing a styrene (co)polymer, from 0.4 to 6% by weight of hexabromocyclododecane having a mean particle size of from 1 to 50 .mu.m, the particles being provided with a firm coating which has a thickness of from 1/100 to 1/10 of the particle diameter and is insoluble in water and styrene, from 1 to 10% by weight of a C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -hydrocarbon as blowing agent, and, if desired, customary additives, are distinguished by a reduced internal water content and can be processed to form foams which have an improved foam structure and high UV stability.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1990Date of Patent: August 27, 1991Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Hahn, Uwe Guhr, Hans Hintz, Dietmar Wittenberg, Peter Gleich
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Patent number: 5041464Abstract: A process for preparing polymer emulsion particles having pores therein, an outside diameter D of 0.1 to 5.0[ , an inside diameter d of 0.05 to 4.0.mu. , and a ratio (d/D) of 0.1 to 0.9 in dry condition, comprising the steps of forming core-shell emulsion particles from specific monomers by two-emulsion polymerizations, and swelling the core of the particles with water by hydrolyzing the vinyl acetate part of polymer (A), thereby inducing the hydroxyl groups therein, e.g., using an acidic material or a basic material at 50.degree. to 100.degree. C. The particles when use as a pigment in coating compositions provide excellent converage rate, brightness, gloss and water resistance.Type: GrantFiled: December 26, 1989Date of Patent: August 20, 1991Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, IncorporatedInventors: Futoshi Hoshino, Takeshi Yanagihara, Makoto Nakano
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Patent number: 5037580Abstract: Compositions for producing foamed products which include filler and/or pigment additives and blowing agents which enhance the strength of weld lines which are produced when the compositions are molded. The products produced from the compositions have weld line that demonstrate superior strengths as compared to similar foamed products which do not utilize the particular blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 1990Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: J. M. Huber CorporationInventors: Rod A. Garcia, John A. Kosin, Gerry Mooney, Michael E. Tarquini
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Patent number: 5036109Abstract: Polymer particles or beads for use as opacifiers in paints are described in which a core is provided with a hard sheath and the particle has one or more voids produced by reaction with a non-volatile permanent or fixed base. The sheath is a coploymer of an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic monomer free of acid groups and at least 2 percent by weight of a soft ester-containing monomer and optionally styrene in an amount of up to 25 mole percent. The core is formed from an ethylenically unsaturated monomer with acid functionality.The sheath polymer has a glass transition temperature of at least 40.degree. C. The particles have a size of up to 40000 nanometers before swelling the core by some 150 to 2000 percent.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1990Date of Patent: July 30, 1991Assignee: Tioxide Group PlcInventors: Gerald K. Chip, Alfred Rudin
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Patent number: 5035275Abstract: The thermal shrinkage and pyrolysis rate of plastic foam moldings are successfully controlled by coating the expandable plastic beads used in the preparation of the moldings with varying amounts of substantially water-insoluble inorganic siliceous materials. The plastic foam moldings are useful as patterns in an evaporative casting process, wherein the molding is vaporized and replaced by molten metal.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 1989Date of Patent: July 30, 1991Assignee: Arco Chemical Technology, Inc.Inventor: Takeshi Yamaguchi
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Patent number: 5011862Abstract: Enhanced hiding power for opacifiers in paints, inks, and other coatings is provided by employing the opacifiers, such as TiO.sub.2, ZnO, talc, CaCo.sub.3, and the like, adhered to or embedded in the surface of thermoplastic microspheres. The composite opacifier-microsphere material is readily formed with a preselected specific gravity, so that there is little tendency for the material to separate. In addition, the composite behaves in the coating as a opacifier-air interface, having a very high difference in refractive indices, and exceptional hiding power. The high volume to weight ratio of the composite affords very attractive economic advantages, effectively reducing the weight proportion of opacifiers required in the formulations, and other related advantages.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1989Date of Patent: April 30, 1991Assignee: Pierce & Stevens CorporationInventors: George E. Melber, Leon Wolinski
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Patent number: 5011863Abstract: The polymerization in aqueous suspension of at least one vinylaromatic monomer is carried out in the presence, relative to the vinylaromatic monomer, of approximately 0.01% to 0.6% by weight of at least one polyethylene wax and of approximately 0.005% to 0.1% by weight of at least one nonionic surface-active agent which has an HLB value of between 7 and 16.Materials obtained from expandable beads prepared according to this polymerization process.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1990Date of Patent: April 30, 1991Assignee: AtochemInventor: Hugues Godfrin
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Patent number: 5009809Abstract: A high temperature endothermic blowing agent which is a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid and an inorganic carbonate, the polycarboxylic acid and inorganic carbonate each having been surface treated with a component which prevents water from being absorbed thereby. The blowing agent is incorporated into a polymer and used for producing foamed products.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 1990Date of Patent: April 23, 1991Assignee: J. M. Huber CorporationInventors: John A. Kosin, Gerry Mooney, Michael A. Tarquini, Rod A. Garcia
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Patent number: 5010111Abstract: Flame-resistant, expandable styrene polymers containing a styrene (co)polymer, from 0.4 to 6% by weight of hexabromocyclododecane having a mean particle size of from 1 to 50 .mu.m, the particles being provided with a firm coating which has a thickness of from 1/100 to 1/10 of the particle diameter and is insoluble in water and styrene, from 1 to 10% by weight of a C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -hydrocarbon as blowing agent, and, if desired, customary additives, are distinguished by a reduced internal water content and can be processed to form foams which have an improved foam structure and high UV stability.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1990Date of Patent: April 23, 1991Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Hahn, Uwe Guhr, Hans Hintz, Dietmar Wittenberg, Peter Gleich
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Patent number: 5009810Abstract: A stabilized powdered endothermic blowing agent which is a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid and an inorganic carbonate, and polycarboxylic acid and inorganic carbonate each having been surface treated with a component which prevents water from being absorbed thereby. The blowing agent is incorporated into a polymeric concentrate used for producing foamed products.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 1989Date of Patent: April 23, 1991Assignee: J. M. Huber CorporationInventors: Satish K. Wason, Gerry Mooney, Claude R. Andrews, Michael E. Tarquini, John A. Kosin, Rod A. Garcia
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Patent number: 5006565Abstract: The clumping together of expandable vinylaromatic-acrylonitrile copolymer particles during expansion of such particles is substantially completely reduced by coating the unexpanded virgin particles with from 0.2 to 1.5 weight percent, based on weight of expandable copolymer particles, of particulate magnesium oxide.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 1990Date of Patent: April 9, 1991Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Martin H. Tusim, James T. Grimes
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Patent number: 4985469Abstract: Polymer particles or beads for use as opacifiers in paints are described in which a core is provided with a hard sheath and the particle has one or more voids produced by reaction with a nonvolatile permanent or fixed base. The sheath is a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic monomer free of acid groups and at least 2 percent by weight of a soft ester-containing monomer and optionally styrene in an amount of up to 25 mole percent. The core is formed from an ethylenically unsaturated monomer with acid functionality.The sheath polymer has a glass transition temperature of at least 40.degree. C. The particles have a size of up to 40000 nanometers before swelling the core by some 150 to 2000 percent.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1988Date of Patent: January 15, 1991Assignee: Tioxide GroupInventors: Gerald K. Chip, Alfred Rudin
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Patent number: 4980382Abstract: Fire-retardant expandable vinyl aromatic polymer beads are prepared by an aqueous suspension method whereby micronized hexabromocyclododecane and a volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon foaming agent are incorporated into particles of a thermoplastic such as polystyrene. The beads are useful in the preparation of molded foam articles having excellent resistance to flame.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1990Date of Patent: December 25, 1990Assignee: ARCO Chemical Technology, Inc.Inventors: Fred M. Sonnenberg, Dennis M. Hajnik
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Patent number: 4972000Abstract: Hollow polymer particles having at least two polymer layers, wherein (1) the particles have an average particle diameter in the range of 0.15 to 20 micrometers, (2) each of the particles has an average equivalent hollow diameter/equivalent particle diameter in the range of 0.2 to 0.8, (3) the proportion of a toluene-insoluble portion of the particles is 20 to 90% by weight, (4) the polymer particles have a melt flow rate at 180.degree. C. under 10 kgf/cm.sup.2 of 0.1 to 1 g/10 min., (5) the inside layer of the two polymer layers is composed of a crosslinked polymer and (6) the outside layer of the two polymer layers is composd of a non-crosslinked polymer. This invention also provides hollow crosslinked polymer particles wherein the proportion of a toluene-insoluble portion of the particles exceeds 85% by weight, the melt flow rate of the polymer particles at 180.degree. C. under 10 kgf/cm.sup.2 is less than 0.2 g/10 min., and the outside layer is composed of a crosslinked polymer.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1989Date of Patent: November 20, 1990Assignee: Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.Inventors: Nobuo Kawashima, Fujio Sakurai, Hiroshi Tadenuma
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Patent number: 4970241Abstract: Multi-stage polymer particles containing one or more void space(s) therein are produced by sequential emulsion polymerization of an essentially low-acid earlier polymer stage, encapsulation of said low-acid polymer stage with at least a final polymer stage, contacting said polymer particles with a non-polymeric carboxylic acid or anhydride to permit the acid or anhydride to be absorbed into said low-acid polymer stage and swelling the polymer particles by contacting the particles with an aqueous base. The low-acid polymer stage is formed by emulsion polymerizing a monomer system comprising ethylenically unsaturated monomer(s) and containing less than 5% by weight of monomer(s) containing acid functionality. The low-acid polymer stage is swubsequently encapsulated by one or more polymer stages by emulsion polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomer(s) in the presence of the low-acid polymer stage. The final stage has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 50.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1989Date of Patent: November 13, 1990Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Alexander Kowalski, Martin Vogel
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Patent number: 4956222Abstract: The present invention relates to a foamable vinyl chloride resin composition for powder molding containing a foaming agent and method for the production thereof.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1988Date of Patent: September 11, 1990Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Isao Matsuura, Akira Wakatsuki, Yuu Shida
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Patent number: 4912139Abstract: Enhanced hiding power for opacifiers in paints, inks, and other coatings is provided by employing the opacifiers, such as TiO.sub.2, ZnO, talc, CaCo.sub.3, and the like, adhered to or embedded in the surface of thermoplastic microspheres. The composite opacifier-microsphere material is readily formed with a preselected specific gravity, so that there is little tendency for the material to separate. In addition, the composite behaves in the coating as a opacifier-air interface, having a very high difference in refractive indices, and exceptional hiding power. The high volume to weight ratio of the composite affords very attractive economic advantages, effectively reducing the weight proportion of opacifiers required in the formulations, and other related advantages.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1989Date of Patent: March 27, 1990Assignee: Pierce & Stevens CorporationInventors: George E. Melber, Leon Wolinski
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Patent number: 4908391Abstract: Enhanced hiding power for opacifiers in paints, inks, and other coatings is provided by employing the opacifiers, such as TiO.sub.2, ZnO, talc, CaCo.sub.3, and the like, adhered to or embedded in the surface of thermoplastic microspheres. The composite opacifier-microsphere material is readily formed with a preselected specific gravity, so that there is little tendency for the material to separate. In addition, the composite behaves in the coating as a opacifier-air interface, having a very high difference in refractive indices, and exceptional hiding power. The high volume to weight ratio of the composite affords very attractive economic advantages, effectively reducing the weight proportion of opacifiers required in the formulations, and other related advantages.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 1988Date of Patent: March 13, 1990Assignee: Pierce & StevensInventors: George E. Melber, Leon Wolinski
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Patent number: 4908392Abstract: A process for producing crosslinked polymer particles which comprises a first step of polymerizing a polymerizable monomer containing from 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, based on the entire polymerizable monomer, of a crosslinkable monomer in a medium in which the polymerizable monomer is soluble but the resulting polymer is insoluble, to obtain crosslinked polymer particles having a particle size of from 0.8 to 10 .mu.m, and a second step of letting the crosslinked polymer particles absorb from 1 to 50 times by weight of a polymerizable monomer containing from 2 to 100% by weight, based on the entire polymerizable monomer, of a crosslinkable monomer in an aqueous medium, followed by polymerization to obtain crosslinked polymer particles having a particle size of from 1 to 30 .mu.m and a crosslinking degree of from 1.0 to 98%.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1989Date of Patent: March 13, 1990Assignee: Mitsubishi Kasei CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Kusano, Hideaki Kiniwa, Akihiro Shimura, Masahiko Annaka
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Patent number: 4902722Abstract: Syntactic foam graphic arts print media are provided which are particularly suitable for application to a substrate using high speed mechanical printing processes. The invention involves adding to a basic print medium a minor amount of pre-expanded, nonfriable, thermoplastic polyvinylidene chloride based microspheres substantially heat stable between about -20.degree. C. and 175.degree. C., having a particle size to about 10 to 100 microns in diameter, to produce syntactic foams having unlimited shelflife stability. The print media thereby produced may be applied to any known substrate in any desired graphic pattern.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1988Date of Patent: February 20, 1990Assignee: Pierce & Stevens Corp.Inventor: George E. Melber
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Patent number: 4898894Abstract: Enhanced hiding power for opacifiers in paints, inks, and other coatings is provided by employing the opacifiers, such as TiO.sub.2, ZnO, talc, CaCo.sub.3, and the like, adhered to or embedded in the surface of thermoplastic microspheres. The composite opacifier-microsphere material is readily formed with a preselected specific gravity, so that there is little tendency for the material to separate. In addition, the composite behaves in the coating as a opacifier-air interface, having a very high difference in refractive indices, and exceptional hiding power. The high volume to weight ratio of the composite affords very attractive economic advantages, effectively reducing the weight proportion of opacifiers required in the formulations, and other related advantages.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1989Date of Patent: February 6, 1990Assignee: Pierce & Stevens CorporationInventors: George E. Melber, Leon Wolinski
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Patent number: 4898892Abstract: Enhanced hiding power for opacifiers in paints, inks, and other coatings is provided by employing the opacifiers, such as TiO.sub.2, ZnO, talc, CaCO.sub.3, and the like, adhered to or embedded in the surface of thermoplastic microspheres. The composite opacifier-microsphere material is readily formed with a preselected specific gravity, so that there is little tendency for the material to separate. In addition, the composite behaves in the coating as a opacifier-air interface, having a very high different in refractive indices, and exceptional hiding power. The high volume to weight ratio of the composite affords very attractive economic advantages, effectively reducing the weight proportion of opacifiers required in the formulations, and other related advantages.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1989Date of Patent: February 6, 1990Assignee: Pierce & Stevens CorporationInventors: George E. Melber, Leon Wolinski
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Patent number: 4888241Abstract: Enhanced hiding power for opacifiers in paints, inks, and other coatings is provided by employing the opacifiers, such as TiO.sub.2, ZnO, talc, CaCo.sub.3, and the like, adhered to or embedded in the surface of thermoplastic micorspheres. The composite opacifier-microsphere material is readily formed with a preselected specific gravity, so that there is little tendency for the material to separate. In addition, the composite behaves in the coating as a opacifier-air interface, having a very high difference in refractive indices, and exceptional hiding power. The high volume to weight ratio of the composite affords very attractive economic advantages, effectively reducing the weight proportion of opacifiers required in the formulations, and other related advantages.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1989Date of Patent: December 19, 1989Assignee: Pierce & Stevens CorporationInventors: George E. Melber, Leon Wolinski
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Patent number: 4880842Abstract: Multi-stage polymer particles containing one or more void space(s) therein are produced by sequential emulsion polymerization of an essentially low-acid earlier polymer stage, encapsulation of said low-acid polymer stage with at least a final polymer stage, contacting said polymer particles with a non-polymeric carboxylic acid to permit the acid to be absorbed into said low-acid polymer stage and swelling the polymer particles by contacting the particles with an aqueous base. The low-acid polymer stage is formed by emulsion polymerizing a monomer system comprising ethylenically unsaturated monomer(s) and containing less than 5% by weight of monomer(s) containing acid functionality. The low-acid polymer stage is subsequently encapsulated by one or more polymer stages by emulsion polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomer(s) in the presence of the low-acid polymer stage. The final stage has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 50.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1988Date of Patent: November 14, 1989Assignee: Rohm & Haas CompanyInventors: Alexander Kowalski, Martin Vogel
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Patent number: 4876289Abstract: The present invention discloses a hydrophilized porous membrane with a crosslinked hydrophilic polymer, which is composed principally of diacetone acrylamide, held physically on at least a part of the pore walls of a starting porous polyolefin membrane, as well as its production process. This hydrophilized porous polyolefin membrane has long-lasting hydrophilicity and good mechanical strength. Its components are dissolved out only minimally in application.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1988Date of Patent: October 24, 1989Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hajime Itoh, Kazutami Mitani