Adding Expanding Agent Subsequent To Solid Polymer Formation Patents (Class 521/60)
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Patent number: 5506276Abstract: A process for producing expandable particles of a melt compounded blend of polyphenylene ether resin and polyolefin resin. A melt compounded blend of polyphenylene ether resin and polyolefin resin, a blowing agent and water are mixed in a pressure vessel to form a dispersion; the dispersion is heated in the sealed pressure vessel to impregnate the blowing agent in the melt compounded blend of resin particles; the dispersion is then cooled in the sealed pressure vessel; and a cooled blowing agent-impregnated, melt compounded blend of resin particles is removed from the reactor. A preferred blowing agent is Freon.RTM. 11. The particles are pre-expanded by heating, and the pre-expanded particles can be foamed in a conventional mold when heat is applied thereto. A resin molding composition comprising a melt compounded blend of heat-pre-expanded, low density, resilient polyphenylene ether resin and polyolefin resin particles having about 95.0 weight percent to about 5.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1994Date of Patent: April 9, 1996Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Lynn M. Martynowicz
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Patent number: 5496864Abstract: The invention relates to expandable styrene polymers for elastic polystyrene foams, comprisinga) from 50 to 75% by weight of polystyrene and/or a styrene copolymer containing at least 50% by weight of copolymerized styrene,b) from 5 to 30% by weight of a styrene-soluble elastomer,c) from 5 to 20% by weight of at least one block copolymer containing styrene as one component,d) from 15 to 50% by weight of at least one polyolefin,e) from 1 to 15% by weight, based on the sum of a) and b), of a low-boiling blowing agent, and, if desired,f) conventional additives in effective amounts,and to foams produced therefrom.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 1995Date of Patent: March 5, 1996Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Rolf Henn, Klaus Hahn, Hans Ho/ nl, Walter Heckmann, Karl-Heinz Wassmer, Erich Klement, Joachim Fischer
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Patent number: 5482977Abstract: Disclosed are branched polyester compositions having an I.V. of at least about 0.7 dl/g and a melt viscosity sufficiently high to permit foaming during extrusion or molding operations. These branched polyesters are readily foamable with a wide range of foaming agents to provide low density shaped articles, films, and sheets.The branched polyesters comprise about 80 to about 99.9 wt % of a polyester and about 0.1 to about 20 wt % of an ethylene copolymer containing repeat units of ethylene and of a monomer selected from the group comprising acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate and vinyl alcohol.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 1995Date of Patent: January 9, 1996Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventors: Richard L. McConnell, Kishan C. Khemani
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Patent number: 5480599Abstract: A continuous process for manufacturing foam beads using a simple apparatus, wherein the expansion agent can be easily recycled. Polymer particles and a dispersing medium are fed continuously to an unstirred mass transfer column having a high length to diameter ratio which is operated under pressure. The polymer particles and dispersing medium are subjected to thermal processing under pressure in the mass transfer column, and the resulting dispersion is sprayed into a low pressure space causing the polymer particles to expand. Accordingly, foam beads of constant quality and a uniform cell diameter and a uniform degree of expansion are manufactured without costly process means.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1994Date of Patent: January 2, 1996Assignee: Huels AktiengesellschaftInventors: Thomas Leven, Michael Trager, Horst Perl
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Patent number: 5468781Abstract: There are provided polypropylene resin expanded particles which have a uniform bubble size, can be molded with an exceptionally low steam pressure, and can produce an expanded molded product having a good surface appearance and an excellent energy absorption property. The present particles are polypropylene resin expanded particles containing as a base resin an isotactic polypropylene resin polymerized in the presence of a metallocene polymerization catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1995Date of Patent: November 21, 1995Assignees: Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company Limited, Mitsubishi Yuka Badische Company LimitedInventors: Toshihiko Sugano, Toshihiro Gotoh
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Patent number: 5464881Abstract: An expandable styrene polymer comprisinga) from 0 to 90% by weight of a styrene polymer or styrene copolymer other than b) contains at least 50% by weight of copolymerized styrene,b) from 10 to 100% by weight of a styrene/methacrylamide copolymer comprising from 0.5 to 50% by weight of at least one copolymerized N-substituted methacrylamide of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.15 -alkyl, C.sub.6 - to C.sub.16 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.6 - to C.sub.20 -aryl, it being possible, if R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 contain at least 2 carbon atoms, for at least 2 carbon atoms to be linked via hetero atoms, andc) from 1 to 15% by weight, based on the sum of a) and b), of an aliphatic C.sub.3 - to C.sub.9 -hydrocarbon and/or carbon dioxide as blowing agent.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1994Date of Patent: November 7, 1995Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Rolf Henn, Siegmund Besecke, Andreas Deckers, Norbert Guentherberg, Martin Brudermueller, Gerhard Nestler, Karl-Heinz Wassmer
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Patent number: 5459169Abstract: The present invention relates to uncrosslinked polyethylene particles for the production of expanded particles that can easily and securely produce expanded particles which can be molded without applying a special internal pressure, are excellent in moldability, such as secondary expansion, fusion and dimensional accuracy, and have a high expansion rate and to uncrosslinked polyethylene expanded particles made of said uncrosslinked polyethylene particles. The present uncrosslinked polyethylene particles for the production of expanded particles are resin particles whose base resin is an uncrosslinked polyethylene having a density of over 0.920 g/cm.sup.3 and up to and including 0.940 g/cm.sup.3 and wherein, in the DSC curve that is obtained by using a differential scanning calorimeter in such a manner that after 1 to 10 mg of the resin particles is heated to 200.degree. C. at 10.degree. C./min and then is cooled to room temperature at 10.degree. C./min, heating is again carried out to 200.degree. C. at 10.Type: GrantFiled: March 11, 1994Date of Patent: October 17, 1995Assignee: JSP CorporationInventors: Hisao Tokoro, Kazuo Tsurugai, Hidehiro Sasaki, Masaharu Oikawa
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Patent number: 5430069Abstract: A pre-expanded particle of a polyethylene resin based on a non-crosslinked linear very low density polyethylene having a density of 0.88 to 0.915 g/cm.sup.3 and a melt index of 0.1 to 20 g/10 min. which can be used to produce a cellular molded article having superior flexibility, excellent bonding together of the particles, and both large tensile strength and large elongation at break.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 1993Date of Patent: July 4, 1995Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Tetsuya Ogita, Kenichi Senda
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Patent number: 5424336Abstract: In manufacturing hollow particles, gas is supplied from a gas cylinder to a first tank under pressure for solution in a raw material liquid in the first tank for the particles. The resulting raw material liquid is supplied to a second tank where the liquid is stirred with a dispersing medium under pressure, thereby forming a compressed emulsion in the second tank. As the compressed emulsion is discharged to the outside, it is released from the compressed state so that the gas dissolved in corpuscles of the raw material liquid in the emulsion will come out as bubbles. Thus since the corpuscles in the emulsion become hollow particles, an emulsion containing fine hollow particles of the raw material liquid as nuclei is obtained. Therefore it is possible to obtain a large quantity of fine hollow particles with ease.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1992Date of Patent: June 13, 1995Assignee: Reica Corp.Inventor: Toru Taniguchi
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Patent number: 5397807Abstract: Disclosed is a compatibilized carbon black useful in melt processing of plastic material. The carbon black is coated with a compatibilizing agent which enhances the dispersibility of the carbon black in a melt of the plastic material. Further disclosed are processes for making plastic foam structures with the compatibilized carbon black.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1994Date of Patent: March 14, 1995Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Martin K. Hitchcock, Kyung W. Suh, Arnold M. Bartz, Andrew N. Paquet, William G. Stobby
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Patent number: 5391581Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of producing foamed particles of an ethylene-based resin, which have a high expansion ratio and are free from the formation of fine cells, by dispersing particles of the uncrosslinked ethylene-based resin, which are obtained using, as a base resin, an ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer containing, as a comonomer component, 1.0-10 wt. % of an .alpha.-olefin having 4-10 carbon atoms, in a dispersion medium in the presence of a foaming agent in a closed vessel, heating the resultant dispersion to impregnate the resin particles with the foaming agent, and then releasing the resin particles into a region of a pressure lower than the internal pressure of the vessel at a foaming temperature not lower than the softening temperature of the resin particles, thereby expanding the resin particles.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1993Date of Patent: February 21, 1995Assignee: JSP CorporationInventors: Hideki Kuwabara, Kazuo Tsurugai, Masaharu Oikawa, Hidehiro Sasaki, Satoru Shioya
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Patent number: 5389320Abstract: A process for producing expandable particles of a melt compounded blend of polyphenylene ether resin and polyolefin resin. A melt compounded blend of polyphenylene ether resin and polyolefin resin, a blowing agent and water are mixed in a pressure vessel to form a dispersion; the dispersion is heated in the sealed pressure vessel to impregnate the blowing agent in the melt compounded blend of resin particles; the dispersion is then cooled in the sealed pressure vessel; and a cooled blowing agent-impregnated, melt compounded blend of resin particles is removed from the reactor. A preferred blowing agent is Freon.RTM. 11. The particles are pre-expanded by heating, and the pre-expanded particles can be foamed in a conventional mold when heat is applied thereto. A resin molding composition comprising a melt compounded blend of heat-pre-expanded, low density, resilient polyphenylene ether resin and polyolefin resin particles having about 95.0 weight percent to about 5.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1991Date of Patent: February 14, 1995Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Lynn M. Martynowicz
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Patent number: 5387621Abstract: Porous, distensible, gel-like membranes which in tubular form are suitable as implants, e.g., vascular prostheses and a process for the preparation thereof is described. The membranes are formed by a spraying, phase-inversion technique which employs thermodynamically unstable polymer solutions and is accomplished by separately spraying the unstable solution and a nonsolvent onto a rotating surface. Prostheses from the highly porous tubular membranes have shown a high degree of patency and completeness of the healing process and are useful for direct implantation in the body or for extracorporeal vascular accesses.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 1993Date of Patent: February 7, 1995Assignee: Kontron Instruments, Inc.Inventor: Giorgio Soldani
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Patent number: 5387620Abstract: Disclosed is a cross-linked ethylenic polymer foam structure of an ethylenic polymer material of a cross-linked, substantially linear ethylenic polymer. The substantially linear ethylenic polymer having in an uncross-linked state has: a) a melt flow ratio, I.sub.10 /I.sub.2, .gtoreq.5.63; b) a molecular weight distribution, M.sub.w /M.sub.n, defined by the equation: M.sub.w /M.sub.n <(I.sub.10 /I.sub.2)-4.63; and c) a critical shear rate at onset of surface melt fracture of at least 50 percent greater than the critical shear rate at the onset of surface melt fracture of a linear ethylenic polymer having about the same I.sub.2 and M.sub.w /M.sub.n. Further disclosed is a process for making the above foam structure.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1994Date of Patent: February 7, 1995Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Chung P. Park, Pak-Wing S. Chum, George W. Knight
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Patent number: 5380766Abstract: Foamed polyolefin particles are prepared by dispersion foaming of components consisting essentially of polyolefin particles, a liquid dispersing agent and optionally a volatile blowing agent in a reaction system consisting essentially of a reactor equipped with a stirrer containing said components and a discharge jet, comprising the step of:gassing the components of the reactor by injecting an inert gas into the dispersion below the surface of the liquid in the reactor;and simultaneouslydischarging a three phase mixture of liquid dispersing agent, polymer particles and gas through said jet.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1994Date of Patent: January 10, 1995Assignee: Huels AktiengesellschaftInventors: Michael Trager, Thomas Leven
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Patent number: 5348983Abstract: The invention relates to foamed polylactide articles obtainable by foaming a mixture of amorphous polylactide granules which contain a blowing agent and of a finely divided polylactide which does not contain a blowing agent, and to a process for producing same.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1993Date of Patent: September 20, 1994Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventor: Hans-Josef Sterzel
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Patent number: 5340840Abstract: Disclosed is an ethylenic polymer foam structure comprising an ethylenic polymer material. The ethylenic polymer material contains a substantially linear ethylenic polymer having: a) a melt flow ratio, I.sub.10 I.sub.2, .gtoreq.5.63; b) a molecular weight distribution, M.sub.w /M.sub.n, defined by the equation M.sub.w /M.sub.n .ltoreq.(I.sub.10 /I.sub.2)-4.63; and c) a critical shear rate at onset of surface melt fracture of at least 50 percent greater than the critical shear rate at the onset of surface melt fracture of a linear olefin polymer having about the same I.sub.2 and M.sub.w /M.sub.n. The foam structures have toughness and elasticity similar to those formed from conventional LLDPE without the poor dimensional stability and foam quality associated with those structures. The foam structures have foam quality similar to those made with conventional LDPE but with enhanced toughness and elasticity. Further disclosed is a process for making the above foam structure and making it in a foam bead form.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1993Date of Patent: August 23, 1994Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Chung P. Park, James C. Stevens, George W. Knight
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Patent number: 5340841Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of producing foamed particles of a polyolefin resin, which are prevented from fusion-bonding among the particles upon their production, and exhibit excellent moldability without impeding fusion bonding property among the foamed particles upon their molding. The method includes dispersing the particles of the polyolefin resin along with a finely particulate silicate mineral as a dispersing agent and at least carbon dioxide as a foaming agent in a dispersion medium in a closed vessel, heating the dispersion to impregnate the resin particles with the foaming agent, and then releasing the resin particles and dispersion medium into an atmosphere of a pressure lower than the internal pressure of the vessel, thereby expanding the resin particles.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1993Date of Patent: August 23, 1994Assignee: JSP CorporationInventors: Hisao Tokoro, Satoru Shioya, Akira Hinokawa
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Patent number: 5338764Abstract: Foamed propylene polymer articles are prepared by subjecting pre-foamed beads, that consist essentially of propylene polymers having a melt strength from 5 to 40 cN, to thermoforming by sintering.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1994Date of Patent: August 16, 1994Assignee: Himont IncorporatedInventors: Giuseppe Lesca, Daniele Romanini, Annibale Vezzoli
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Patent number: 5314923Abstract: Isotropic porous polymer beads having a high surface porosity and large pore diameters from about 0.002 to about 5 microns are produced from solutions of a polymer or a copolymer by a thermally-induced phase separation process. The use of mixed solvent-non-solvent combinations as solvents for the polymers, produces high pore content, substantially spherical beads having a morphology ideally suited to the chromatography of large molecules, such as proteins, and for enzyme-binding.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1991Date of Patent: May 24, 1994Assignee: Cytec Technology Corp.Inventors: Michael T. Cooke, Laura J. Hiscock
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Patent number: 5312661Abstract: An artificial soil made from thermoplastic resin foamed particles is disclosed, in which a plurality of thermoplastic resin foamed particles and a plurality of fine substances are bonded to each other by heat fusion of the thermoplastic resin foamed particles to form a porous structure. The artificial soil is excellent in not only air permeability, hydrophobic properties, and draining properties but also water retention and fertilizer retention.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 1991Date of Patent: May 17, 1994Assignee: Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Takeji Suzuki, Hiroshi Azuma
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Patent number: 5308878Abstract: Process for producing foamable particles of styrenic polymers, which consists in submitting said particles to a partial loss of foaming agent, performed in an oven at a lower temperature than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of said particles.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1992Date of Patent: May 3, 1994Assignee: Enichem S.p.A.Inventors: Francesco Anfuso, Roberto Lanfredi, Gianfranco Veroli, Italo Borghi
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Patent number: 5290819Abstract: Bead-form expandable styrene polymers are obtained by suspension polymerization of styrene with addition of from 1 to 10% by weight of C.sub.3 - to C.sub.7 -hydrocarbons and/or carbon dioxide as blowing agent and, if desired, conventional additives, using, as suspension stabilizer, a mixture of magnesium pyrophosphate, a sulfonate group-containing extender and an alkali metal carboxylate or alkaline earth metal carboxylate, the magnesium pyrophosphate being prepared immediately before the polymerization by combining an aqueous solution of alkali metal pyrophosphate with at least the stoichiometrically necessary amount of a magnesium salt.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 1993Date of Patent: March 1, 1994Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Michael Witt, Manfred Walter
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Patent number: 5288763Abstract: Porous, polymer particles comprising a functionalized cross-linked copolymer having microporous regions and macroporous regions in the polymer matrix thereof, wherein the functional groups are essentially present only within the macroporous regions, as well as processes for preparing these particles based on a template polymerization technique followed by removal of the template polymer from the particles are disclosed. The particles of the invention are useful in chromatography, and in various analytical, diagnostic techniques and solid state peptide, DNA synthesis.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1992Date of Patent: February 22, 1994Assignee: The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineInventors: Nai-Hong Li, Kam W. Leong
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Patent number: 5288740Abstract: Disclosed is a process for making closed-cell, alkenyl aromatic polymer foam packing bodies. An alkenyl aromatic polymer material is heated to form a melt polymer material. The melt polymer material comprises greater than 50 percent by weight alkenyl aromatic monomeric units. A blowing agent is incorporated into the melt polymer material at an elevated pressure to form a foamable gel. The blowing agent has about 20 weight percent or more based upon the total weight of the first blowing agent selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide and ethane. The foamable gel is extruded through a die to form a foam strand. The foam strand is pelletized to form a plurality of foam bodies. The bodies are further expanded by exposing them one or more times to heated air or steam. Preferably, the bodies are allowed to age for a preselected period of time after pelletizing and between subsequent expansions.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1993Date of Patent: February 22, 1994Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Chung P. Park, Kyung W. Suh
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Patent number: 5286756Abstract: The invention relates to an expandable styrene polymer, comprising(a) a styrene polymer,(b) from 1 to 10% by weight, based on (a), of a blowing agent or blowing agent mixture,(c) from 0.02 to 0.25% by weight, based on (a), of a first coating containing a coating composition comprising(c.sub.1) a bisamide made from a C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylenediamine and an aliphatic C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 -carboxylic acid and(c.sub.2) a conventional antistatic,in a (c.sub.1):(C.sub.2) weight ratio of from 1 to 50,and, if desired, further coating compositions or coating composition mixtures and conventional additives in effective amounts, and to a process for the preparation of screen fractions of bead-form, expandable styrene polymers prepared by suspension polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 1992Date of Patent: February 15, 1994Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventor: Manfred Walter
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Patent number: 5284881Abstract: Disclosed is composite hollow particles which are excellent in solvent resistance and mechanical stability and have strong walls and which can be easily synthesized. The composite hollow particles are prepared by uniformly dispersing the following ingredients in an aqueous medium;(a) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least two radical polymerizable double bonds in one molecule,(b) another polymerizable monomer which is different from the monomer (a),(c) organic particles having an average particle size of 0.01 to 5 micrometer,(d) a initiator, and(e) a dispersant,and then dispersion-polymerizing.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1992Date of Patent: February 8, 1994Assignee: Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.Inventors: Katsumi Mizuguchi, Koichi Saito, Shinichi Ishikura
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Patent number: 5278194Abstract: A syntactic foam product having a desired configuration is set forth. The product comprises a plurality of rigid gas filled bubbles arranged in the desired configuration. The bubbles are defined by respective individual and discrete substantially spherical shells preferably formed of a biodegradable shell material. The shells abut one another. They define open spaces where they are not abutting. Attaching material attaches the abutting shells to one another. The open spaces between the shells are not filled by the attaching material. The attaching material is environmentally degradable. It releases the bubbles under ambient conditions after a selected time interval. The shells are in contact with their surroundings and can relatively rapidly biodegrade.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1993Date of Patent: January 11, 1994Assignee: MicrosomeInventors: E. Glenn Tickner, Robert E. Short
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Patent number: 5266602Abstract: An expandable styrene polymer comprisinga) a styrene polymer,b) from 1 to 10% by weight, based on a), of a saturated C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -hydrocarbon as blowing agent, and, if desired,c) conventional assistants in effective amounts, has a benzene content of less than 1 ppm and a styrene content of less than 2000 ppm.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1991Date of Patent: November 30, 1993Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Manfred Walter, Wolfram Husemann, Dieter Naegele
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Patent number: 5266603Abstract: A process for the production of particulate expandable styrene polymers which have a very low benzene concentration is described using perketal and/or monoperoxycarbonate polymerization initiators. The styrene polymers produced according to the invention can be foamed to give foamed particles and molded, if desired.Type: GrantFiled: March 11, 1993Date of Patent: November 30, 1993Assignee: Huels Aktiengesellschaft - PB 15Inventor: Peter Holzmeier
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Patent number: 5262445Abstract: Expandable styrene polymers containinga) from 80 to 99% by weight of polystyrene,b) from 1 to 20% by weight of a styrene-soluble polymer having a softening point above 140.degree. C.,c) from 3 to 10% by weight, based on the sum of a) and b), of a C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -hydrocarbon as blowing agent, and, if desired, d) conventional additives,the mixture of components a) and b) having a melt flow index MFI 200/5 of from 15 to 30, have high heat distortion resistance and a high capacity for expansion.Type: GrantFiled: July 15, 1992Date of Patent: November 16, 1993Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Hahn, Uwe Guhr, Hans Hintz, Dietmar Wittenberg
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Patent number: 5262446Abstract: Polyolefin foams having a density of from 0.01 to 0.1 g/cm.sup.3 and having 2 to 1000 cells/mm.sup.2 and containing a resin acid, a lower alkyl ester of a resin acid or (hydro) abietyl phthalate as organic foaming aid have a homogeneous cell structure.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1993Date of Patent: November 16, 1993Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Isidoor de Grave, Wolfram Koegel, Klaus Hahn
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Patent number: 5252617Abstract: The invention relates to expandable polyurethane powder preparations containing blowing agents and to their use for the production of foamed polyurethane moldings.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1993Date of Patent: October 12, 1993Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Joachim Werner, Walter Meckel, Dirk Wegener
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Patent number: 5240967Abstract: A method for improving the expandability of styrenic polymer particles is disclosed. The method comprises copolymerizing a styrenic monomer with an amount of an acrylate monomer effective to improve the expandability of the particles without adversely affecting their heat sensitivity. Polymer foams of low density can be prepared with reduced amounts of blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 1993Date of Patent: August 31, 1993Assignee: ARCO Chemical Technology, L.P.Inventors: Fred M. Sonnenberg, Dennis M. Hajnik, William J. Poole
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Patent number: 5236962Abstract: Crystalline polymers and copolymers of propylene in the form of spherical particles having a porosity (expressed in percentage of voids) greater than 15%. These polymers are useful in the preparation of masterbatch containing significant quantities of additives and/or pigments.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 1992Date of Patent: August 17, 1993Assignee: Himont IncorporatedInventors: Gabriele Govoni, Mario Sacchetti, Antonio Ciarrocchi
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Patent number: 5234962Abstract: Polyolefin foams having a density of from 0.01 to 0.1 g/cm.sup.3 and having 2 to 1000 cells/mm.sup.2 and containing a resin acid, a lower alkyl ester or a resin acid or (hydro) abietyl phthalate as organic foaming aid have a homogeneous cell structure.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1993Date of Patent: August 10, 1993Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Isidoor de Grave, Wolfram Koegel, Klaus Hahn
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Patent number: 5229049Abstract: A method for manufacturing pre-expanded particles of polyolefin resin from strand pellets having Tm in melting temperature measured by DSC method, wherein the expansion ratio E of the pre-expanded particles of the resin, the length l and the average diameter d of the strand pellets after having been heated at a temperature (Tm-5.degree. C.) are in the following relational expression.0.04E+0.9.ltoreq.l/d<0.15E+1.3According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture uniform, spherical pre-expanded particles easily at a moderate cost and obtain a fine-looking expansion-molded articles.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1991Date of Patent: July 20, 1993Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Hirofumi Maeda
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Patent number: 5229209Abstract: A process for the manufacture of core/shell polymer particles comprises forming a core particle containing acid functionality, a first shell around said core of a copolymer of a nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated aromatic monomer and a copolymerisable polar monomer in an amount of at least 15% by weight of the copolymer and having a solubility in water at 20.degree. C. of at least 1% by weight and a second shell around said first shell of a polymer or copolymer of a nonionic monomer having a solubility in water at 20.degree. C. of less than 1% by weight and swelling the particle with a non-volatile alkali to generate one or more vesicles.Preferably each shell contains a polymer or copolymer of styrene.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1991Date of Patent: July 20, 1993Assignee: Tioxide Group PLCInventors: Hrire Gharapetian, Gerald K. Chip, Alfred Rudin
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Patent number: 5225448Abstract: High molecular weight polyethyleneterephthalate resin is currently being used in vast quantities in manufacturing tire cord and in manufacturing trays for frozen foods which can be heated in either microwave or convection ovens. In some applications polyester resins having ultra-high molecular weights are required. For example, some techniques for producing polyester yarn by solution spinning demand ultra-high molecular weight polyester. Unfortunately, it becomes progressively more difficult and expensive to produce polyester resins having higher and higher molecular weights utilizing standard commercial polymerization techniques. This invention discloses a technique for preparing porous polyester beads which can be solid state polymerized very rapidly to ultra-high molecular weights.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1992Date of Patent: July 6, 1993Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventors: Thomas R. Maier, Surendra K. Chawla
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Patent number: 5216036Abstract: Foamable photodegradable suspension polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers may be prepared by dissolving a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic monomer and a vinyl ketone in the vinyl aromatic monomer and suspension polymerizing the resulting mixture. The resulting polymer may be foamed and used in the manufacture of food containers.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1992Date of Patent: June 1, 1993Assignee: Novacor Chemicals (International) S.A.Inventors: Ervin R. Dun, John Kwok
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Patent number: 5214073Abstract: A porous, crystallized, aromatic polycarbonate prepolymer is disclosed, which comprises recurring aromatic carbonate units and terminal hydroxyl and aryl carbonate groups, wherein these terminal groups are in a specific molar ratio and has specific number average molecular weight, surface area and crystallinity. The prepolymer can readily be converted by solid-state condensation polymerization to a porous, crystallized, aromatic polycarbonate having excellent properties. The porous, crystallized, aromatic polycarbonate of the present invention can readily be molded to obtain a shaped, porous, crystallized polycarbonate. The porous, crystallized, aromatic polycarbonate and the shaped, porous, crystallized polycarbonate of the present invention have excellent heat resistance and solvent resistance and exhibit advantageously low water absorption so that these are suited for use as a filter material, an adsorbent or the like.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1992Date of Patent: May 25, 1993Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Isaburo Fukawa, Shinsuke Fukuoka, Kyosuke Komiya, Yoro Sasaki
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Patent number: 5206271Abstract: Expandable styrene polymers which contain from 10 to 90% by weight of a crosslinked styrene-diene copolymer containing from 2 to 45% by weight of the diene, and from 1 to 10% by weight of a C.sub.3 -to C.sub.6 -hydrocarbon as blowing agent can be processed to give foams which have high resistance to aromatics.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 1992Date of Patent: April 27, 1993Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Hahn, Uwe Guhr, Hans Hintz, Hans Hoenl
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Patent number: 5204377Abstract: A porous, crystallized, aromatic polycarbonate prepolymer is disclosed, which comprises recurring aromatic carbonate units and terminal hydroxyl and aryl carbonate groups, wherein these terminal groups are in a specific molar ratio, and has specific number average molecular weight, surface area and crystallinity. The prepolymer can readily be converted by solid-state condensation polymerization to a porous, crystallized, aromatic polycarbonate having excellent properties. The porous, crystallized, aromatic polycarbonate of the present invention can readily be molded to obtain a shaped, porous, crystallized polycarbonate. The porous, crystallized, aromatic polycarbonate and the shaped, porous, crystallized polycarbonate of the present invention have excellent heat resistance and solvent resistance and exhibit advantageously low water absorption so that these are suited for use as a filter material, an adsorbent or the like.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 1989Date of Patent: April 20, 1993Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Isaburo Fukawa, Shinsuke Fukuoka, Kyosuke Komiya, Yoro Sasaki
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Patent number: 5190984Abstract: Foamable photodegradable suspension polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers may be prepared by dissolving a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic monomer and a vinyl ketone in the vinyl aromatic monomer and suspension polymerizing the resulting mixture. The resulting polymer may be foamed and used in the manufacture of food containers.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 1991Date of Patent: March 2, 1993Assignee: Novacor Chemicals (International) S.A.Inventors: Ervin R. Dan, John Kwok
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Patent number: 5180752Abstract: Microsphere wet cake is mixed with a surface barrier coating effective to prevent agglomeration and surface bonding of the microspheres, and removing water by drying with continuous mixing at high shear. In a subsequent step, by the control of the application of heat and balancing temperature and low shear mixing, it is possible to also control expansion of the microspheres.The surface barrier coating in the present invention is any one of a wide diversity of materials which meet the requirements of the intended function, i.e., to prevent the agglomeration of the microspheres during the process. Suitable materials include, by way of example, dry inorganic pigments or filler materials, and the like, and related organic materials.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1990Date of Patent: January 19, 1993Assignee: Pierce & Stevens CorporationInventors: George E. Melber, Leon E. Wolinski, William A. Oswald
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Patent number: 5177115Abstract: An oil-resistant, expandable styrene polymer containsa) from 10 to 90% by weight of uncrosslinked polystyrene and/or an uncrosslinked styrene copolymer containing at least 50% by weight of copolymerized styrene,b) from 10 to 90% by weight of a crosslinked styrene polymer which contains at least 0.1% by weight, but less than 2% by weight, of a copolymerized monomer having at least two olefinic double bonds,c) from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the sum of a) and b), of a C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -hydrocarbon as blowing agent, and, if desired,d) conventional additives in effective amounts,the mixture of a) and b) having a melt flow index MFI (200.degree. C., 5.0 kp) in accordance with DIN 53 735 of from 1 to 20 [g/10 min].Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1991Date of Patent: January 5, 1993Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans Hintz, Klaus Hahn, Uwe Guhr, Michael Riethues
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Patent number: 5173514Abstract: Expandable styrene polymers containinga) from 80 to 99% by weight of polystyrene,b) from 1 to 20% by weight of a styrene-soluble polymer having a softening point above 140.degree. C.,c) from 3 to 10% by weight, based on the sum of a) and b), of a C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -hyrocarbon as blowing agent, and, if desired, d) conventional additives,the mixture of components a) and b) having a melt flow index MFI 200/5 of from 15 to 30, have high heat distortion resistance and a high capacity for expansion.Type: GrantFiled: November 7, 1991Date of Patent: December 22, 1992Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Hahn, Uwe Guhr, Hans Hintz, Dietmar Wittenberg
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Patent number: 5171757Abstract: Flame retardant vinylaromatic thermoplastic resin compositions are provided comprising 100 parts vinylaromatic polymer, 0.1 to 2.0 parts of at least one brominated aliphatic compound, 0.5 to 3.0 parts of at least one other and different brominated organic compound having a higher volatilization temperature and greater heat stability than said brominated aliphatic compound and from 0.05 to 5 parts of at least one melt flow promoter.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 1991Date of Patent: December 15, 1992Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: William G. Stobby, Kyung W. Suh
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Patent number: RE34607Abstract: The cross-linkable, foamable polyolefin resin composition capable of forming foams with excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance is made of (a) .[.30-80.]. .Iadd.14-80 .Iaddend.weight % of a propylene-ethylene random copolymer having an ethylene content of 1.5-6 weight %; (b) 10-60 weight % of a propylene-ethylene random copolymer having an ethylene content of 0.2-1.0 weight %; (c) 10-60 weight % of a linear low-density polyethylene; and (d) 1-30 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the above resin components, of a foaming agent.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1993Date of Patent: May 10, 1994Assignee: Tonen Chemical CorporationInventors: Toshiaki Suzuki, Sotoyuki Kitagawa, Takashi Nakayama, Takao Kuno
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Patent number: RE35239Abstract: A stabilized powdered endothermic blowing agent .[.which.]. is a mixture or a polycarboxylic acid and an inorganic carbonate, .[.and.]. .Iadd.the .Iaddend.polycarboxylic acid and inorganic carbonate each having been surface treated with a component which prevents water from being absorbed thereby. The blowing agent is incorporated into a polymeric concentrate used for producing foamed products.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1995Date of Patent: May 14, 1996Assignee: J.M. Huber CorporationInventors: Satish K. Wason, Gerry Mooney, Claude R. Andrews, Michael E. Tarquini, John A. Kosin, Rod A. Garcia