Abstract: A composition for foaming polyester which includes a carbonate or bicarbonate salt and water intermixed with a finely divided solid free flow agent such as synthetic amorphous silica. The free flow agent is added in an amount sufficient to absorb all of the water and render the composition a free flowing powder. The composition is readily mixable with an unsaturated polyester resin media. A source of acid in the mixture liberates gas from the carbonate or bicarbonate, and good foam structures having small uniform cells are obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for formation of a cured resin foam, which comprises (A) a curable resin composition comprising an unsaturated polyester prepolymer and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, (B) an inorganic powder composed of a carbonate and/or bicarbonate, (C) an aqueous solution of a water-soluble inorganic compound containing a neutralizable acid radical and being capable of forming a colloidal oxide or hydroxide and being gelled by neutralization or an acidic aqueous sol of an inorganic oxide or hydroxide containing a neutralizable acid radical and being capable of being gelled by neutralization, and (D) a substantially water-insoluble surface active agent having a W/O type emulsion-forming capacity, wherein an emulsion structure having a continuous phase of the component (A) and a dispersed particle phase of the component (C) is formed.

Abstract: Surfactant-free stable aqueous foams may be produced by water soluble copolymers of acrylamide and N-alkylacrylamide with chain lengths greater than or equal to 6 carbons. Additionally, these polymers may contain an anionic monomer, such as a monovalent salt of acrylic acid. These copolymers and terpolymers are added to water or brine at a concentration of 0.005 to 2 parts per 100 of solvent. When the resulting solutions are subjected to intensive mixing with the addition of air or other gases, such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, high quality, persistent foams are formed. These foams are formed at relatively low polymer concentrations without added surfactants. They have good high temperature stability and excellent salt tolerance.

Abstract: Foamed water-swellable polymeric water absorbent materials are prepared by contacting a polymer capable of having a water-swellable character and containing acid moieties in acid form with a blowing agent such as sodium bicarbonate, which blowing agent is capable of neutralizing the acid moieties of the polymer. The foamed polymers are useful in a wide variety of water absorbent applications.

Abstract: A process for producing a resin foam by using an aqueous medium, which comprises(a) treating a resin compound with said aqueous medium to cause the aqueous medium to adhere to and be held by the resin compound, said resin compound being composed of porous agglomerated particles resulting from partial melt-adhesion of thermoplastic resin particles coated with a fine hydrophilic solid powder which does not substantially melt at the melting temperature of the resin particles, said solid powder being embedded in the resin particles but partly exposed at their surfaces,(b) melt-kneading the resin compound treated with the aqueous medium under such an elevated pressure that evaporation of the aqueous medium is substantially inhibited, and(c) thereafter releasing the kneaded resin composition from the pressurized state to foam it; and a thermoplastic resin compound used for the aforesaid process.

Abstract: A method of providing cured latex-based compositions is disclosed which permits in situ curing of latexes disposed in plastic container closures or other heat sensitive receptacles without adverse effect on the closure or receptacle. The method comprises heating a fluid latex composition to gel the latex and effect removal of at least a portion of the water initially contained therein and subjecting the resultant composition to modulated microwave energy to effect curing thereof. Modulation of the microwave energy is achieved by applying same in an intermittent or pulsed fashion. The method is of particular interest for the in situ formation of cured latex-based gaskets in polyalkylene container closures.

Abstract: The invention provides a printing ink composition comprising a pigment or pigment preparation, a thermoplastic resin, water, a water-soluble solvent, and, as inhibitor for preventing the foaming of a foamable material containing a blowing agent, an azole of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a benzene or naphthalene radical, X is a nitrogen atom or the ##STR2## group, wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group, each of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group of 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl or cyanoalkyl group, each of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or a phenalkyl group of 7 to 9 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 has the same meaning as R.sub.1 and can in addition be hydrogen, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a heterocyclic ring.

Abstract: Organic carboxylic acid containing from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and having at least two carboxyl groups or at least one carboxyl group and one amino or hydroxy group or anhydride or halide of such acid is used in making aqueous, foam-growth-controlling printing ink composition for use in chemical embossing of heat-foamable and expandable resinous materials such as polyvinyl chloride.

Abstract: An open cell polyurea polyurethane foamed sponge is produced by mixing together a resin and an aqueous pahse. The resin phase consists of a prepolymer made from a hydrophilic oxyalkylene polyol which is capped with isocyanate groups and from about 1-30% by weight of the prepolymer of a polymeric polysocyanate such as a PAPI resin. The aqueous phase contains water, reinforcing fibers, surfactants, a thickening agent and preferably up to 40% by weight of diatomaceous earth. The resulting foam has a reduced volume swell, rapid wet out and improved wet strength.

Abstract: A sealant for the remedial sealing of self-sealing coke oven doors, or ordinary coke oven doors sealed with a conventional lute, or for sealing spigot joints in off-gas pipe lines in coke oven installations comprises a mixture of from 25 to 45% of a latex, (preferably a PVA-based latex) from 10 to 25% water, from 25 to 45% of a particulate filler (preferably a talc) and from 5 to 15% of an inorganic fiber (preferably an asbestos fiber). At least 40% of the fiber should pass through a British standard 100-mesh sieve.The sealant may vary from a flowable to a putty or paste-like consistency and may be applied by spraying or trowelling as appropriate. If the inorganic fiber is not an asbestos the sealant may also include a proportion of a water soluble thickener to enhance the compatibility of the mixture.

Abstract: Flameproof and fireproof products are formed from a fire-unstable material coated with a polymeric material which is capable of intumescing beginning at a low temperature and has adhesive qualities in conjunction with the fire-unstable material. Upon the application of heat or flame to the products, the coating material copiously intumesces to form a protective thermal insulating foam barrier which prevents the fire-unstable material from igniting or degrading to the point of evolving flammable gases or losing its dimensional stability. Continued application of heat or flame will cause the foam to char but will not destroy the products for a suprisingly long time. The polymeric coating material comprises the resinous reaction product of phosphoric acid and a reducing sugar with a hardener and containing at least one modifying agent capable of rendering the coating material highly and permanently intumescent at a low initiating temperature even after prolonged storage of the flameproof and fireproof product.

Abstract: A porous composite material includes a porous body formed of a hydrophobic polymer such as polyvinyl chloride and a layer of a hydrophilic polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol provided over at least a portion of the interior surface of each of the pores of the porous body. The composite material is obtained by a process including the steps of dispersing an aqueous solution containing a hydrophilic polymer and a foaming agent into a solution of a hydrophobic polymer in an organic solvent to form an emulsion, removing the water and the organic solvent from the emulsion to obtain a solid, and subjecting the solid to foaming conditions.

Abstract: Nontacky, elastomeric shaped objects (e.g., pellets or filaments) comprising a normally tacky, uncured elastomer having an integral, porous coating of silicic or aluminic acid polymer can be prepared by bringing shaped bodies of a normally tacky, uncured elastomer latex into contact with an aqueous bath containing a soluble coagulating salt for the latex, and a silicic or aluminic acid polymer, and washing and drying the resulting coated shaped objects. The shaped objects are highly porous before washing and drying, and some porosity remains even after washing and drying.

Abstract: Improved PVC polymers are prepared by an emulsion polymerization process using an emulsifier mixture comprising:(a) 70-30% by weight of an alkyl sulfate of the formula R--OSO.sub.3 Me wherein R is alkyl of 10-18 carbon atoms and Me is Na or K; and(b) correspondingly 30-70% by weight of at least one member selected from the group consisting of(i) 0-65% by weight of an alkyl ether sulfate of the formula R--(OCH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.n --OSO.sub.3 Me wherein n is an integer of 1-5 inclusive and R and Me have the above-indicated values, and(ii) 0-60% by weight of a sodium alkyl sulfonate wherein the alkyl chain is of 10-20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel particulate forms of emulsion or dispersion resins for use in plastisols and organosols as well as an improved process for their preparation. This process comprises blending a dispersion resin latex with a nucleating resin which may be in the form of either a wet cake or a dry powder and then, preferably, spray drying the resulting blend. The novel blends of this invention are characterized by substantial improvements in many of their physical and rheological properties while the process used for their preparation has many advantages over the procedures presently utilized for preparing such mixtures including improved material handling, substantial savings in time and the achievement of more efficient drying. The resins of this invention lend themselves to bulk handling in most types of conventional bulk handling equipment.