Abstract: Polyurethane foams prepared with chlorinated oligomeric phosphate ester or tris(dichloropropyl) phosphate flame retardants have low scorch and surface discoloration by addition of a mixture of phenothiazine and 4,4'-thio-bis(6-tertiary butyl meta cresol).

Abstract: Flexible, resilient, polyurethane foam having improved flame retardancy and intumescent properties is prepared from a reaction mixture comprising a polyester polyol, an organic polyisocyanate, a blowing agent, a surfactant, a catalyst, a melamine derivative wherein one or more hydrogens have been replaced by a methylol and/or lower alkoxymethyl group, a flame retardant, and hydrated alumina. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrated alumina is predispersed in a mixture comprising the melamine derivative, the flame retardant, and a low-viscosity linear polyester polyol.

Abstract: A flame retardant polyol composition is prepared by reacting chloral with a compound selected from the group consisting of urea, diethanolurea, dipropanolurea, thiourea, sulfamide and mixtures thereof in the presence of a polyhydroxy composition having 2 to 8 hydroxy groups. These compositions are useful for preparing flame retardant polyurethane foams.

Abstract: High-resiliency flexible polyurethane foams having at least a 10 percent vinylic polymer or copolymer content may be rendered flame retardant by incorporating therein effective amounts of ANTIBLAZE 19, reputed to have the following structure ##STR1## wherein x is equal to 0 or 1. This compound is also synergistic with other flame-retardant compounds.

Abstract: A polyol is produced as the reaction product of dibromonepentyl glycol and tetrabromophthalic anhydride with defined alkyoxides. This polyol can be used to produce a insulating foam having flame retardant properties.

Abstract: A polyurethane foamable composition comprising a brominated diol and three polyols is disclosed. The resulting foam formed by reacting these polyols and a diol with an isocyanate has a flame spread of 25 or less and contains a smaller quantity of halogen compounds than usually contained in polyurethane foamable compositions. This combination of polyols and flame retardant shows improved physical strengths and adhesion to primed tank substrates between temperatures of 100.degree. to 160.degree. F.

Abstract: This invention relates to aqueous ammoniacal combinations of benzenephosphonic acid/melamine salts as flame-retardants and a polymeric chlorine-containing film-forming latex as a carrier for the flame-retardants, for the post-treatment of flammable flexible polyurethane foamed plastics to provide products that are self-quenching and substantially resistant to both flame-initiation and flame-propagation after free flame exposures.

Abstract: A flexible polyurethane foam is provided which is fire retardant and non-dripping upon exposure to flame. The flexible polyurethane foam is prepared by the reaction of a polyol, an isocyanate and a protein.

Abstract: A fire-retarding polyurethane foam is applied to the interior surfaces of a mine such as mine shafts, entries and tunnels. The coating is applied by spraying a mixture of foam-forming ingredients including a hydrophilic polyoxyalkylene urethane prepolymer and a large amount of an aqueous slurry containing a phosphorous compound, alumina trihydrate and a char-forming material such as starch or wood cellulose. The foam coating acts as a protective sealant, and it can also be applied on other surfaces where insulation and fire retardancy are desired.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to phosphonates of the formulae: ##STR1## in which n represents an integer of from 0 to 3,R represents H or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --COOM,m represents an integer of from 0 to 3,M represents an alkali metal, or NR'.sub.4 wherein R' represents H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; ##STR2## in which A represents (CH.sub.2).sub.x or C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 arylene (preferably phenylene),x represents an integer of from 0 to 5,R' and R" which may be the same or different representM represents an alkali metal, or NR'.sub.4.The invention is also directed to the use of these phosphonates as trimerization catalysts.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of polyurea foams which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with at least a chemically equivalent amount of water in the presence of an imidazole compound.

Abstract: A flexible polyurethane foam having a low flame spread index is produced by combining polyol (preponderantly diol and/or triol) with polyisocyanate (preponderantly diisocyanate) in the presence of a foaming catalyst and a blowing agent. By combining at least 75% by weight of pentabromoethyl benzene, based upon the weight of the polyol, a flame spread index less than 150 can be achieved for the resulting foam in the ASTM test E-162-76. Significantly, polyurethane foams having a flame spread index less than 25 have been produced with this invention.

Abstract: A unique substantially non-flammable impregnant for polyether-derived polyurethane foam substrates is disclosed. The impregnant is characterized by a carboxylated neoprene latex and an alumina trihydrate. It can be further characterized by a diammonium hydrogen phosphate, urea, a magnesium-zinc complex, a surfactant and water.A method for applying the impregnant to the mentioned substrate is also disclosed. That method is characterized by depositing the impregnant on the substrate, impregnating and curing it, and recovering a substantially non-flammable product. That impregnated polyether-derived polyurethane foam product can be configurated as a laminate and adhered to some other substrate. Articles like mattresses and cushions can be advantageously fabricated using the unique impregnant.

Abstract: According to the present invention polyurethane foams, can be obtained as flame resistant and non-corrosive product. The invention specifies the foaming of raw material mixture comprising polyhydroxyl compound, polyisocyanate, blowing agent and etc. to be carried out in the presence of melamine powder added thereto as novel flame retardant, the final products being inexpensive and suitable to be used as structural material, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the improvement of the flame retardant properties of a polymer composition which comprises incorporating therein an effective flame retardant amount of a halogenated phospholane oxide. The resultant products are useful as rigid or flexible foams and shaped articles having greatly improved flame retardant and smoke suppressant properties. The use of the halogenated phospholane oxide also imparts stability to the products, thus overcoming difficulties encountered with volatile phosphorus compounds which had been used heretofore with polymeric compositions such as polyurethanes.

Abstract: A method of producing foams by utilizing the reactivity of isocyanate groups comprising the steps of reacting an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a foaming agent and, optionally, at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyols, polyepoxides, polycarboxylic acids, acid anhydrides and other compounds capable of reacting with the isocyanate groups and, if necessary, a catalyst, a foam stabilizer and other additives, the improvement wherein at least one organic amine-metal complex soluble in the liquid raw material and containing a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, lead, cobalt, manganese, zinc, and chromium is added to the reaction system in an amount of 0.5 to 30 weight % based on the total weight of the raw materials used for the preparation of foams. The foams containing flame-retardant organic amine-metal complexes prepared by the aforementioned method.

Abstract: Production of urethane foams of increased fire resistance by mixing an ethylenic, e.g. allyl or vinyl, phosphorus compound with a polyol and polymerizing the polyol with polyisocyanate while simultaneously polymerizing the ethylenic phosphorus compound with a suitable catalyst to form an interpenetrating network of urethane polymer and phosphorus-containing polymer.

Abstract: Hydrolytic stability of flexible polyesterurethane foam containing haloalkyl phosphate fire retardant is substantially increased by including a small amount of alkyl benzyl phthalate in the reaction mixture used in preparation of the foam.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to fire-resistant foam materials which are resistant to the passage therethrough of noxious chemicals in liquid or vapor form. The foam material includes an adsorbent material dispersed therein, an organic binder for the foam and a fire-retardant. The binder and fire-retardant are free of any substances which substantially de-activate the adsorbent.

Abstract: A fabric is coated with a composition which comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane and a sulfone having the following general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents --H, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --C.sub.3 H.sub.7 OH, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Br or --(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n H and n is a integer of 1 to 5, and preferably a polyisocyanate as a cross-linking agent.

Abstract: A fabric is coated with a composition which comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane and 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dibromophenyl)propane derivative having the following general formula ##STR1## wherein each n1 and n2 represents zero or a positive integer and n1 + n2 is zero or one of the integers from 1 to 8, and preferably a polyisocyanate as a cross-linking agent.

Abstract: Disclosed are halobenzene sulfonates, and flame resistant polymer compositions containing the sulfonates.

Abstract: Urethane-modified carbodiimide-isocyanurate foams are prepared by catalytically condensing (a) an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol or (b) a quasi-prepolymer in the presence of a blowing agent and from 20 parts to 100 parts by weight of alumina trihydrate. The resulting foams are characterized by improved flame retardancy without loss in strength properties.

Abstract: A method of preparing flexible flame retardant, one-shot polyether based polyurethane foams is disclosed, in which the flame retardancy and the physical properties of the resulting foams are maintained by utilizing specific foam stabilizers which reduce the normal amount of required flame retardant additives.

Abstract: This inventon relates to flame-retarded cross-linked elastomer compositions obtained from an elastomeric polyurethane prepolymer; an organic fire-retardant additive containing chlorine and/or bromine; a compound of antimony; and a hexaalkoxymethyl melamine. These new compositions are self-extinguishing as well as non-dripping.

Abstract: The discoloration of low density polyurethane foams produced with certain flame retardants is reduced by incoporating into the foam phenothiazine and amine antioxidants. The phenothiazine and amine antioxidants can be employed by admixing with the flame retardant from about 0.25 to about 5.0 percent of the phenothiazine-amine antioxidant combination by weight of the flame retardant.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyurethane foam compositions comprising the reaction product of an organic polyisocyanate, a first polyol comprising an oxyalkylated Mannich reaction product of a phenol, an aldehyde, and an alkanol amine, a second polyol comprising an oxyalkylated pentaerythritol, and a third polyol comprising an oxyalkylated tetrabromophthalic anhydride.

Abstract: There is provided a flame retardant mixture containing between about one weight percent and about 75 weight percent of a compound having the structure: ##STR1## AND BETWEEN ABOUT 99 WEIGHT PERCENT AND ABOUT 25 WEIGHT PERCENT OF A HIGH BOILING PHOSPHONATE COMPRISING PREDOMINANTLY A COMPOUND HAVING THE STRUCTURE: ##STR2## There are also provided polymers, particulary rigid and flexible urethane foams, containing between about two weight percent and about 30 weight percent of the flame retardant mixture.

Abstract: The discoloration of low density polyurethane foams produced with certain flame retardants is reduced by incorporating phenothiazine into the foam. The phenothiazine can be employed by admixing with the flame retardant from about 0.25 to about 5.0 percent phenothiazine by weight of the flame retardant.

Abstract: Microcapsules having an average diameter below 5 microns and containing a flame retardant material are incorporated into polymeric materials, such as polyurethane foams without affecting the structural integrity of the cell walls of the foam. The capsules are chemically bonded to the foam, as well as physically incorporated therein by employing polyhydroxy polymer-containing capsule wall materials which react with the isocyanate used in the polyurethane.

Abstract: Novel esters of pentavalent phosphorus acid having the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R and R' are haloalkyl containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and from 1 to 6 halogen atoms; n is an integer of from 1 to 3; each X is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or hydroxyl, provided that at least one X is hydroxyl. The above compounds are effective reactive flame retardants in polyurethane and polyester polymeric compositions.

Abstract: A method of evaluating the probability of scorch in flame retarded flexible polyurethane foam without preparing a large quantity of foam is described. A microwave oven is utilized to heat a foam sample pursuant to the invention. The method is useful to predict the probability that flame retarded foam will scorch on curing and therefore can be used to avoid damage to large commercial quantities of foam. The method can also be used to screen flame retardants for polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The color qualities of low density polyurethane foams produced with certain flame retardants is improved by reducing scorch through incorporation of a mixture of diphenyl p-phenylenediamine and the reaction product of diphenylamine and acetone into the foam. The mixture can be employed by admixing with the flame retardant from about 0.5 to about 5.0 percent of said mixture by weight of the flame retardant. The weight ratio of diphenyl p-phenylenediamine to the reaction product of diphenylamine and acetone is from about 1:20 to about 20:1.

Abstract: 2-Oxo-2-alkoxy-5-dialkylphosphono-1,2-oxaphospholanes of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 to R.sub.7 are hydrocarbon radicals can be prepared from .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketones and 2 or more moles of a dialkyl phosphite. Obviously .gamma.-ketophosphonates are intermediates of this reaction, as these compounds react with 1 or more moles of dialkyl phosphite in yielding the oxaphospholanes too. Both reactions are promoted by alkaline catalysts.The new oxaphospholane derivatives are considerably stable against thermal decomposition. They are compatible with polymeric materials and can be used as flame protecting agent for plastics and resins, for example, in polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Carbamates of diethyl methylphosphonate of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, are linear or branched alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a ring containing 4 or 5 carbon atoms, or R.sub.1 is phenyl and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, may be prepared by reacting diethyl hydroxymethyl-phosphonate chloroformate with an amine, and find application in flameproofing rigid or flexible polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The formation of polyurethane foam including flame-retarded foam is provided employing, as the surfactant component of the foam formulation, a particular class of sulfolanyloxyalkyl-substituted polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene polymers. The polymers comprise chemically combined monofunctional siloxy units (M.sub.o) and difunctional siloxy units (D.sub.o) and, for every two moles of M.sub.o, an average of from about 2 to about 100 silicon-bonded sulfolanyloxyalkyl groups (Q) and an average of from about 2 to about 30 silicon-bonded polyoxyalkylene blocks (E). The M.sub.o units have at least two alkyls bonded to the respective silicon atoms thereof and the D.sub.o units have at least one alkyl bonded to the respective silicon atoms thereof, the remaining group bonded to silicon of said M.sub.o and D.sub.o units being alkyl, Q or E.

Abstract: Acrylonitrile-capped polyoxyalkylene compounds; siloxane polymers modified with the corresponding radicals of said compounds; solvent compositions containing said siloxane polymers; a process for producing polyurethane foam using said siloxane polymers as the foam stabilizer; and the foam produced from said process.

Abstract: Flame retardant polyurethane foams are prepared from compositions containing as flame retardant additives, a select group of halogenated phosphate esters.