Abstract: To provide a resin film which comprises an ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and which is to be used as, for example, a rubber plug lamination film to prevent breakage at the time of producing a laminated rubber plug. The resin film comprises an ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and is characterized in that the product of the value of the endothermic peak height ?H (mW/mg) obtained by its DSC-analysis and the haze (%) measured at a thickness of 100 ?m, is from 0.1 to 0.2 (mW/mg·%).

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an ETFE film having excellent transparency and heat resistance and cost efficiency. The present invention relates to a film including a copolymer containing an ethylene unit, a tetrafluoroethylene unit, and a (fluoroalkyl)ethylene unit represented by Formula (1): CH2?CX—Rf??(1) wherein X represents H or F, and Rf represents a fluoroalkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, the copolymer containing the (fluoroalkyl)ethylene unit in an amount of 0.8 to 2.5 mol % relative to the amount of all the monomer units and containing the ethylene unit and the tetrafluoroethylene unit at a molar ratio of 30.0/70.0 to 50.0/50.0, the film having a crystallinity of 68% or less, the crystallinity being calculated on the basis of a diffraction intensity curve of the film resulting from X-ray diffraction measurement.

Abstract: To provide an optical member having an excellent transparency and heat resistance and further having favorable light resistance as compared with a molded product made of a conventional ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a process for producing the same, and an article provided with the optical member. An optical member made of a molded product containing a crosslinked product of an ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer comprising units (A) based on tetrafluoroethylene, units (B) based on ethylene and units (C) based on CH2?CH—CnF2n+1 (wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 10), wherein the molar ratio ((A)/(B)) of the to above units (A) to the above units (B) is from 50/50 to 66/34, and the molar ratio ((C)/{(A)+(B)}) of the above units (C) to the sum of the above units (A) and the above units (B) is from 4.0/100 to 10/100.

Abstract: A process for preparing a pressure sensitive adhesive using a modified planetary roller extruder is described. The process in accordance with one aspect of the invention is a continuous process that includes introducing primary raw materials comprising a non-thermoplastic elastomer into a planetary roller extruder, introducing a heat-activatable crosslinker into the planetary roller extruder for mixing with the primary raw materials, and compounding the primary raw materials and the heat activatable crosslinker to form an adhesive composition while maintaining the temperature of the adhesive composition between about 25° C. and about 100° C. The non-thermoplastic elastomer is masticated during compounding and at least some of the heat-activatable crosslinker remains generally unactivated and is available for later activation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radiation-curable composition having a refractive index less than 1.40 comprising (1) a curable perfluoropolyether oligomer having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of: and wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, wherein A represents a straight chained or branched alkylene group, wherein m represents an integer from 1 to 4, wherein the integers represented by m within individual —((CF2)m—O)n— repeat units can be the same or different, and wherein n represents an integer from 1 to 20; (2) a diluent; (3) a photo-initiator; and (4) an adhesion promoter; wherein the radiation-curable composition is free of compounds containing —CF3 groups.

Abstract: A photo-curable resin composition for the UV-LED light source, which is rapidly cured and particularly has excellent surface curing property, is disclosed. The resin composition contains (a) polybutadiene (meth)acrylate; (b) a polythiol compound; and (c) a photo radical initiator and is photo-curable by an irradiation with an ultraviolet light-LED. Accordingly, production efficiency can be significantly increased in the production of liquid crystal displays and electrical and electronic components.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing cyclic olefin polymer composition of the present invention includes a fluorine-containing cyclic olefin polymer (A) containing a repeating structural unit represented by the general formula (1) and having a fluorine atom content rate of 40 to 75% by mass; a photocurable compound (B); and a photocuring initiator (C).

Abstract: A process for preparing a pressure sensitive adhesive using a modified planetary roller extruder is described. The process in accordance with one aspect of the invention includes introducing primary raw materials including a non-thermoplastic elastomer into a feeding section of the modified planetary roller extruder, conveying the raw materials from the feeding section to a compounding section of the modified planetary roller extruder, continuously mixing the primary raw materials in the compounding section to produce a homogeneous adhesive composition. The adhesive composition may be applied to a web-form material. The compounding section of the modified planetary roller extruder includes a main spindle surrounded by and intermeshed with a plurality of planetary spindles at least one of which is a double transversal mixing spindle having a plurality of back-cut helical flights.

Abstract: An energy ray-curable resin composition comprising (A) a (meth)acrylate having a molecular weight of from 500 to 5,000, of which the main chain backbone is at least one member selected from the group consisting of a polybutadiene, a polyisoprene and hydrogenated products thereof and which has at least one (meth)acryloyl group at an end of the main chain backbone or in a side chain, (B) a monofunctional (meth)acrylate having a C2-8 unsaturated hydrocarbon group via an ester bond, (C) a hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylate, (D) a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate, (E) a photopolymerization initiator, and (F) an antioxidant which exhibits equally high adhesive strength to various objects to be bonded, has good heat and moisture resistance, excellent rigidity, low cure shrinkage and little adhesion strain is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymeric material comprising crosslinked spherical particles that are obtained by photoinitiated precipitation polymerization of crosslinking monomer and optionally a further monomer in the presence of an initiator and a solvent. It also relates to a method for producing the material and a chromatography column containing the material.

Abstract: A seal ring (10) of the present invention seals operating oil hermetically and is attached to an annular seal ring groove (16) provided on an outer circumference of a shaft member (12). The seal ring (10) includes fluororesin, modified fluororesin formed by being irradiated with an ionizing radiation in a range from 1 kGy to 10 MGy inclusive in a state of being heated up to a melting point thereof or higher under an inert gas atmosphere with an oxygen partial pressure of 1.33 kPa or less, and synthetic resin having a surface energy ranging from +0 N/cm to 20˜10?5 N/cm inclusive of that of the operating oil.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel crosslinkable copolymers which are obtainable by (a) copolymerizing at least one hydrophilic monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and at least one crosslinker comprising two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds in the presence of a chain transfer agent having a functional group; and (b) reacting one or more functional groups of the resulting copolymer with an organic compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group. The crosslinkable copolymers of the invention are especially useful for the manufacture of biomedical mouldings, for example ophthalmic mouldings such as in particular contact lenses.

Abstract: Fluoropolymers are made by admixing tetrafluoroethylene, hexfluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride; reacting the reaction admixture to generate a set of fluoropolymeric oligomers; irradiating the fluoropolymeric oligomeric precursor admixture (preferably with electron beam radiation) to form free radical sites on individual fluoropolymeric oligomers of the set and generate thereby a set of free radical oligomer derivatives in the fluoropolymeric oligomeric precursor admixture; and reacting the fluoropolymeric oligomeric precursor admixture to derive the fluoropolymer compound from the free radical oligomer derivatives. In a second approach, fluoropolymers are made by admixing tetrafluoroethylene, hexfluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride and irradiating the admixture.

Abstract: A method for forming a cured product includes applying a photocurable composition to a base and irradiating the photocurable composition with light from a light source to cure the photocurable composition. The light source is at least one of a fluorescent lamp and a light-emitting diode. The photocurable composition contains a dendritic polymer, a polymerizable compound containing active hydrogen, a photopolymerization initiator, and a hindered amine light stabilizer.

Abstract: Ionized irradiation can be used to improve the properties of fluoropolymers. In particular, elasticity, strain hardening, and melt strength of a fluoropolymer can be increased by LIP to an order of magnitude by exposure to controlled amounts of radiation; while polymer foams may be thermoformed and crosslinked by irradiation to provide a solvent resistance polymer foams having wide range of densities with good mechanical integrity at elevated temperature.

Abstract: Monomers (e.g. thinphenes) are caused to polymerise by mixing them with an oxidising agent (and generally a solvent comprising water) and irradiating the mixture with light (visible or UV). Polymer properties can be varied by doping or chemical modification. Uses include sensor elements for assays and electrical components such as electrodes.

Abstract: To provide a coating composition which forms a coating film having excellent fingerprint removability and having favorable abrasion resistance and transparency, and a molded product having a coating film made of a cured product of the composition. An active energy ray curable coating composition comprising an active energy ray curable polymerizable monomer (A), a water and oil repellency-imparting agent (B) and an active energy ray polymerization initiator (C), wherein the water and oil repellency-imparting agent (B) contains a water and oil repellency-imparting agent (B-T) having a moiety (b-1) exerting water and oil repellency, an active energy ray curable functional group (b-2) and a moiety (b-3) excellent in compatibility with the polymerizable monomer (A) and a molded product having a coating film made of a cured product of the composition.

Abstract: Modified polyolefins are produced by reacting a functionalized polyolefin with one or more ethylenically unsaturated compounds having a functional group reactive with the functional group on the polyolefin. These modified polyolefins may then polymerize in the presence of a photoinitiator upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation and also have the capability of copolymerizing in the presence of a photoinitiator with other ethylenically unsaturated crosslinking agents upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation. These modified polyolefins may also contain pendant carboxyl groups, which have the propensity to form hydrophilic salts with amines, and therefore may be rendered water-dispersible. The modified polyolefins of the present invention significantly improve the adhesion of paints, inks, and adhesives to various plastic and metal substrates.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides hydrogels comprising polymer molecules and bridging molecules, wherein substantially all the polymer molecules are cross-linked by hydrogen bonds between polymer molecules and bridging molecules, wherein each bridging molecule is linked to at least two polymer molecules, and wherein there are substantially no covalent linkages between the polymer molecules. In some embodiments, the polymer molecules are poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and the bridging molecules are amino acids. Some embodiments of the invention provide devices comprising hydrogels, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising biologically active molecules within hydrogels. Another aspect provides methods for forming hydrogels of the invention.

Abstract: A polymerization process with elevated productivity using a coordination catalyst, wherein electromagnetic radiation is applied during polymerization. The irradiation of light greatly increases the activity of the coordination catalyst.

Abstract: A pellicle comprises a pellicle film and a pellicle frame for supporting the pellicle film, wherein the pellicle film is adhered to the pellicle frame through an adhesive layer comprising a fluorine-containing polymer and a substance resulting from curing of an ultraviolet-curing fluorine-containing monomer. A producing method of a pellicle including a pellicle film and a pellicle frame for supporting the pellicle film, comprises a step of adhering the pellicle film to the pellicle frame through an adhesive comprising a fluorine-containing polymer and an ultraviolet-curing fluorine-containing monomer.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a crosslinked polymer electrolyte, typically in the form of a membrane for use as a polymer electrolyte membrane in an electrolytic cell such as a fuel cell, as well as the polymer so made, the method comprising application of electron beam radiation to a highly fluorinated fluoropolymer comprising: a backbone derived in part from tetrafluoro-ethylene monomer, first pendent groups which include a group according to the formula —SO2X, where X is F, Cl, Br, OH or —O?M+, where M+ is a monovalent cation, and second pendent groups which include Br, Cl or I. Typically, the membrane has a thickness of 90 microns or less, more typically 60 or less, and most typically 30 microns or less.

Abstract: Fluoropolymers are made by admixing tetrafluoroethylene, hexfluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride; reacting the reaction admixture to generate a set of fluoropolymeric oligomers; irradiating the fluoropolymeric oligomeric precursor admixture (preferably with electron beam radiation) to form free radical sites on individual fluoropolymeric oligomers of the set and generate thereby a set of free radical oligomer derivatives in the fluoropolymeric oligomeric precursor admixture; and reacting the fluoropolymeric oligomeric precursor admixture to derive the fluoropolymer compound from the free radical oligomer derivatives. In a second approach, fluoropolymers are made by admixing tetrafluoroethylene, hexfluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride and irradiating the admixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluororubber molded article obtained by subjecting a fluororubber composition to crosslinking by irradiation of ionizing radiation, wherein the fluororubber composition comprises: (i) a raw rubber having a metal element content of 1.5% or less and comprising a tetrafluoroethylene-propylene copolymer; and (ii) a prepolymer of triallyl isocyanurate. Also disclosed is a method for producing the fluororubber molded article.

Abstract: A method is provided for obtaining crosslinked polymers, particularly fluorinated polymers having pendent sulfonic acid groups, by crosslinking through pendent groups which include a sulfonyl chloride group (—SO2Cl). The sulfonyl chloride group may be removed by application of electromagnetic radiation, typically in the ultraviolet band, or a radical initiator, leaving behind a radical which readily binds covalently to other polymer strands or to crosslinking agents to form crosslinks. Typically, the polymer is made by providing a polymer comprising pendent groups which include a group according to the formula —SO2F and converting at least a portion of the —SO2F groups to —SO2Cl. After crosslinking, the remaining —SO2F groups may be converted to sulfonic acid groups, yielding a crosslinked polymer electrolyte. Such crosslinked polymer electrolytes may be used to make polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM's) that may be used in electrolytic cells such as fuel cells.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a crosslinked polymer electrolyte, typically in the form of a membrane for use as a polymer electrolyte membrane in an electrolytic cell such as a fuel cell, by trimerization of nitrile groups contained on groups pendant from the polymer. The resulting polymer electrolyte membrane comprises a highly fluorinated polymer comprising: a perfluorinated backbone, first pendent groups which comprise sulfonic acid groups, and crosslinks comprising trivalent groups according to the formula: The first pendent groups are typically according to the formula: —R1—SO3H, where R1 is a branched or unbranched perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroether group comprising 1–15 carbon atoms and 0–4 oxygen atoms, most typically —O—CF2—CF2—CF2—CF2—SO3H or —O—CF2—CF(CF3)—O—CF2—CF2—SO3H.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a crosslinked polymer electrolyte, typically in the form of a membrane for use as a polymer electrolyte membrane in an electrolytic cell such as a fuel cell, as well as the polymer so made, the method comprising application of ultraviolet radiation to a highly fluorinated fluoropolymer comprising: a backbone derived in part from tetrafluoro-ethylene monomer, first pendent groups which include a group according to the formula —SO2X, where X is F, Cl, Br, OH or —O?M+, where M+ is a monovalent cation, and second pendent groups which include Br, Cl or I. Typically, the membrane has a thickness of 90 microns or less, more typically 60 or less, and most typically 30 microns or less.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a production method by which a polymer of a functional group-terminated vinyl monomer can be easily and practically produced. Further, it is another object of the present invention to provide a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer which is useful as a material for the production of various functional products. The first aspect of the present invention is concerned with a production method of a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer comprising a step of synthesizing a halogen atom-terminated vinyl polymer by the radical polymerization reaction of a vinyl monomer in the presence of a halogen compound and a step of introducing a functional group to a terminus by substituting a functional group-containing group for the terminal halogen atom of said vinyl polymer.

Abstract: Photoiniferters for controlled radical polymerizations are described. The photoiniferters have an azlactone or ring-opened azlactone moiety to provide telechelic (co)polymers.

Abstract: This invention is a process for making UV curable adhesives, sealants, coatings, ink, flexible printing plates, laminating adhesives, fibers, gaskets, and related compositions, films, and thin parts, wherein an epoxidized monohydroxylated polydiene polymer comprised of at least two different diene monomers wherein at least one is a diene monomer which yields unsaturation suitable for epoxidation is used as the binder for the composition. The preferred epoxidized monohydroxylated polymers are block copolymers of isoprene and butadiene wherein a hydroxyl group is attached at one end of the polymer molecule. These polymers may be hydrogenated or unhydrogenated. The process involves mixing the above polymer or the polymer with one or more other formulating ingredients together with and insoluble photoinitiator which is preferably selected from the group consisting of triaryl sulfonium salts.

Abstract: An antibacterial bonding compositions for dental use, which comprises (A) an antibacterial primer that comprises an antibacterial polymerizable monomer having an ethylenic unsaturated group and at least one or more cationic groups selected from the group consisting of ammonium bases, pyridinium bases and phosphonium bases, and a volatile solvent, and (B) an adhesive composition comprising an acid group having polymerizable monomer, a polymerizable monomer, and a polymerization initiator; and an adhesive compositions for dental use, which comprises (P) an adhesive primer comprising an acid group having polymerizable monomer, a hydrophilic polymerizable monomer, and water, and (Q) a bonding agent comprising a polymerizable monomer, and an acylphosphine oxide compound and an &agr;-diketone compound both serving as a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: An ocular lens having a desired shape without having a deformation induced by its process, and having a uniform coat layer on its surface, is proceeded by single mold polymerization. The ocular lens is produced by a process comprising a step of irradiating at least one part of the molding surface for the ocular lens of the mold with an excimer light, a step of coating a compound fixable to the ocular lens surface by an interaction with a polymerizable component in the ocular lens material, or its solution on the mold surface after irradiating with an excimer light, a step of filling the ocular lens material into the mold after coating, and polymerizing, a step of releasing a polymer obtained by the polymerization from the mold, and obtaining an ocular lens stock material having above-mentioned component fixed on its surface, and a step extracting unfixed unreacted components from obtained ocular lens stock material.

Abstract: Non-tacky, base polymers are plasticized into pressure-sensitive adhesives and comprise: a) about 100 parts by weight of a base copolymer having a Tg greater than about 0° C., wherein the base copolymer is formed from and comprises: (1) about 50 to 70% by weight of a high Tg comonomer component, wherein the homopolymer formed from the high Tg comonomer component has a Tg of at least about 20° C.; (2) optionally, up to about 20% by weight based on the total weight of the base copolymer of an acidic comonomer; and (3) about 30 to 50% by weight of one or more low Tg (meth)acrylate comonomer, wherein the Tg homopolymer of the low Tg comonomer is less than about 20° C., and b) about 1 to about 100 parts based on the base copolymer of a nonreactive, non-volatile, non-acrylic-based plasticizing agent.

Abstract: The invention provides an organic/inorganic hybrid material with low optical loss at telecommunications wavelengths. Energy curable compositions of the present invention include condensed silica nanoparticles, a fluorinated silane coupling agent, an energy curable silane coupling agent, and a halogenated monomer or oligomer. Polymeric materials of the present invention include condensed silica nanoparticles having a mixture of organosilane coupling agents covalently bound to the exterior surface of the nanoparticles and a halogenated solid polymer matrix, wherein the mixture of organosilane coupling agents includes an at least partially fluorinated coupling agent, and a coupling agent covalently bound to the polymer matrix. The materials of the present invention are useful in making low-loss optical devices for telecommunications applications.

Abstract: An impoved barrier or drug delivery system which is highly adherent to the surface to which it is applied is disclosed, along with methods for making the barrier. In the preferred embodiment, tissue is stained with a photoinitiator, then the polymer solution or gel having added thereto a defined amount of the same or a different photoinitiator is applied to the tissue. On exposure to light, the resulting system polymerizes at the surface, giving excellent adherence, and also forms a gel in the rest of the applied volume. Thus a gel barrier of arbitrary thickness can be applied to a surface while maintaining high adherence at the interface. This process is referred to herein as “priming”. The polymerizable barrier materials are highly useful for sealing tissue surfaces and junctions against leaks of fluids. In another embodiment, “priming” can be used to reliably adhere preformed barriers to tissue or other surfaces, or to adhere tissue surfaces to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to modified cationic photoinitiators which exhibit a reduced tendency to crystallize, to a process for reducing the crystallization tendency of cationic photoinitiators, and to the use of the photoinitiators of the invention for the radiation curing of cationically curing compositions. The inventive cationic photoinitiators have the formula (IV): [R1—I—R2]+X− where R1 is a radical R2 is a radical in which Ar is a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon radical and D being a radical and the remaining variables are defined herein.

Abstract: An antibacterial bonding compositions for dental use, which comprises (A) an antibacterial primer that comprises an antibacterial polymerizable monomer having an ethylenic unsaturated group and at least one or more cationic groups selected from the group consisting of ammonium bases, pyridinium bases and phosphonium bases, and a volatile solvent, and(B) an adhesive composition comprising an acid group having polymerizable monomer, a polymerizable monomer, and a polymerization initiator; and an adhesive compositions for dental use, which comprises (P) an adhesive primer comprising an acid group having polymerizable monomer, a hydrophilic polymerizable monomer, and water, and (Q) a bonding agent comprising a polymerizable monomer, and an acylphosphine oxide compound and an &agr;-diketone compound both serving as a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: A plastic lens comprising the first acrylic hard coated layer formed on the outside surface of a plastic lens base and, in the inside surface, an antifogging coated layer with interposing of the second acrylic hard coated layer is obtained by coating the both sides of a plastic lens base with an acrylic hard coating agent, masking the outside surface with a peelable masking agent (e.g. a coating composition containing poly(vinyl chloride) or vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer), coating at least the inside surface with an antifogging agent, and removing the masking layer. As the hard coating agent or antifogging agent, use can be made of an ultraviolet-curable resin composition, and as the masking agent, a coating composition containing a poly(vinyl chloride) or vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer may be employed.

Abstract: A process for making oxidized olefins is disclosed. Specifically, the process comprises providing an olefin and oxygen in combination in a reaction medium comprising carbon dioxide, and then oxidizing the olefin in the reaction medium to make the oxidized olefin. Preferably, a perfluoropolyether is produced by the process.

Abstract: Process for the polymerization of cyclic olefins by photochemical ring-opening metathesis polymerization by irradiation, using catalytic amounts of a heat-stable ruthenium or osmium catalyst which has at least one photolabile ligand, the other coordination sites being occupied by non-photolabile ligands.

Abstract: Process for the photocatalytic polymerization of a cyclical olefin or at least two different cyclical olefins in the presence of a metal compound as the catalyst, in which a photochemical ring-opening metathesis polymerization is carried out in the presence of a catalytic amount of at least one heat-stable titanium(IV), niobium(V), tantalum(V), molybdenum(VI) or tungsten(VI) compound in which a silylmethyl group and at least one halogen are bonded to the metal. The process can also be carried out by first performing the irradiation and ending the polymerization by heating.The process is suitable, for example, for the production of thermoplastic shaping compounds, coatings and images in relief.

Abstract: Polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as methyl methacrylate can be initiated in solutions containing monomer and a special non-polymeric initiator with intense ultrasound. The number average molecular weight of the poly(methyl methacrylate) that forms is about 300,000 gmol.sup.-1 as compared with polystyrene standards. The conversion of the polymerization is about 50% for poly(methyl methacrylate). Variations of the polymerization rate with time and the amount of the initiator are explained by a simple reaction mechanism.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel photosensitive recording material in the shape of a multilayer element comprising(i) a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinkable relief-forming layer (RL) of a thickness from 0.1 to 6000 .mu.m and(ii) a dimensionally stable support layer.The said relief-forming layer (RL) consists essentially of an ionic polymer, of one or more photoinitiators and, if desired, of one or more photopolymerizable monomers.The said ionic polymer contains(A) from about 45 to 90% by weight, based on the ionic polymer, of a polymer main chain formed from an alkadiene polymer A',(B) from about 6 to about 45% by weight, based on the ionic polymer, of one or mored olefinically unsaturated side radicals having the structure (I), ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are different and are each H or a carbon atom of A',R.sup.3 is a polyvalent, straight-chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of making perfluorinated elastomeric materials, and to materials made by such methods. In the full synthetic scheme, a partially fluorinated polymeric compound, with moieties to prevent crystallization, is created. It is then crosslinked to a desired degree, then perfluorinated.Various intermediate materials, such as partially fluorinated crosslinked polymers, have useful properties, and are or may become commercially available. One embodiment of this invention therefore relates to perfluorination of a selected partially fluorinated, crosslinked material, which is one step of the full synthetic scheme.