Abstract: Provided are a coloring composition which makes it possible to providing a color filter having surface unevenness relieved; and a cured film, a color filter, a method for manufacturing the color filter, a solid-state imaging device, and an image display device, each of which uses the coloring composition. The coloring composition includes a colorant compound represented by General Formula (1), a curable compound, and a solvent, in which one of Ar1 and Ar2 is a group represented by General Formula (2), and the other of Ar1 and Ar2 is a hydrogen atom, a group represented by the following General Formula (2), or the like, R5 and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or the like, R7 represents a monovalent substituent, R8 represents a halogen atom or the like, and p represents an integer of 0 to 4, R1 and R2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms, or the like, and X1 to X3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or the like.

Abstract: A method and a system for producing a change in a medium disposed in an artificial container. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one of a plasmonics agent and an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy through the artificial container to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition includes (a) a compound polymerizable in the presence of an acid, and (b) a photoacid generating agent including an onium salt having a cationic part structure represented by formula (b1) below and an anionic part structure represented by formula (b2) below, wherein the component (b) absorbs 50% or more of the amount of 365 nm wavelength light absorbed by the photosensitive resin composition,

Abstract: The present invention is directed to method of forming a polymer comprising exposing a mixture comprising an organic pre-polymer, an organic photoredox catalyst, and an organic initiator to a source of visible or near-infrared light under conditions and for a time sufficient to polymerize the organic pre-polymer, and polymers and articles derived therefrom.

Abstract: Provide a curable composition for imprint, which is improved in the surface roughness of the cured film. A curable composition for imprint comprising a polymerizable compound (A), a polymerization initiator (B), and a non-polymerizable compound (C), the non-polymerizable compound (C) comprising at least one species of surfactant (C1) which contains 20% by mass or more of fluorine atom, and, at least one species of polymer (C2) which contains 3% by mass or more and less than 20% by mass of fluorine atom and/or 5% by mass or more and less than 40% by mass of silicon atom, and has a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 1,000 to 100,000.

Abstract: A method for building three-dimensional articles using a thermal polymerization process in provided. The articles are built by using a composition that includes a thermally polymerizable composition, a thermal initiator, and a nonlinear light-to-heat conversion material such as a reverse saturable dye. The article is built by the sequential exposure of adjacent voxels with a laser beam. Microlens arrays can be used to expose more than one voxel at a time.

Abstract: A photocurable resin composition for sealing an organic EL device is provided, which can seal the organic EL device without exerting any bad influence on the device, thereby suppress the formation and growth of dark spots positively, and which can ensure a high transmittance of light, thereby maintain a stable light emitting characteristic over a long period of time. The composition comprises (A) an epoxy resin containing at least two glycidyl groups in each molecule thereof and having a molecular weight of 200 to 7000, (B) an epoxy resin containing at least one glycidyl group in each molecule thereof and having a molecular weight of 20000 to 100000, (C) a latent acid photo catalyst adapted to be activated and produce an acid upon being irradiated with energy beam, and (D) a silane coupling agent containing a glycidyl group in each molecule thereof, the composition exhibiting non-fluidity at 25° C., but exhibiting fluidity in a temperature range of 50° to 100° C.

Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic compounds of formula (I) having at least two conjugated aromatic rings at least one of which has a substituent comprising a cyclic carbonate group can be used as sensitizers for cationic photoinitiators, especially iodonium compounds, and may also function as monomers in cationically initiated radiation curable compositions, especially coating compositions, such as printing inks and varnishes.

Abstract: A pre-adhesive composition is described comprising an acid- and epoxy-functional (meth)acryloyl copolymer, which when crosslinked using an ionic photoacid generator (PAG) provides a pressure-sensitive adhesive and pressure-sensitive adhesive articles having desirable properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising poly-oxycarbosilane and methods for using the compositions in step and flash imprint lithography. The imprinting compositions comprise a poly-oxycarbosilane polymer, a silanol, a reaction initiator and optionally a pore generator.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses initiating systems for the radical polymerization of alkenes, and especially fluorine substituted alkenes. The polymerization is catalyzed by a metal carbonyl, preferably manganese carbonyl. The polymerization is initiated directly from alkyl halides at room temperature under visible white light. The polymers also allow the synthesis of block copolymers. The process comprises polymerizing at least one alkene monomer in the presence of a halide radical initiator, carbonyl catalyst and a solvent, under reaction conditions and for a time sufficient to polymerize the at least one alkene monomer to form a polymer. The present disclosure provides a method for living polymerization of alkene monomers which provides a high level of macromolecular control over the polymerization process and which leads to uniform and controllable polymeric products.

Abstract: Provided are a salt compound, cationic polymerization initiator and cationically polymerizable composition, which have a superior acid-generating capacity and high sensitivity, and are free from coloration. The salt compound is represented by the following general Formula (1): (wherein, R01 to R05 each independently represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom and —YR group, one of the R01 to R05 being a —YR group and at least two of the R01 to R05 being fluorine atoms; Y represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R represents a C1-C4 alkyl group; Ctp+ represents a p-valent cation, the p being 1 or 2; and n represents a coefficient required for maintaining electrical neutrality).

Abstract: A method and a system for producing a change in a medium disposed in an artificial container. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one of a plasmonics agent and an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy through the artificial container to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent.

Abstract: Latent photoactivatable precatalysts are provided for metathesis polymerization and has the general formula (Ru(NHC)n(X1)m(L)0p+((X2)?)p. Wherein NHC is an N-heterocyclic carbene, n=1 or 2; X1 is a C1-C18 mono or polyhalogenized carbolic acid or trifluoromethane sulfate; X2 is a C1-C18 mono or polyhalogenized carbolic acid, trifluoromethane sulfate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, or hexafluoroantimonate; m=0, 1, or 2 and L=a C4-C18 carbolic acid nitrile or a C4-C18 carbolic acid di or trinitrile; o=6?n?m or 5?n?m and p=2?m.

Abstract: The invention relates to pellets of ?-olefin-vinyl acetate copolymers with a vinyl acetate content of ?40% by weight, based on the total weight of the ?-olefin-vinyl acetate copolymer, as an embedding material for solar modules, wherein the pellets comprise, as additives, at least one UV activator and at least one silane coupling reagent, and to the use thereof for the production of films for solar modules.

Abstract: To provide a photocurable fluorinated polymer composition which has a high curing rate, shows little shrinkage before and after photocuring and requires no post treatment such as heat treatment after photocuring and whereby it is possible to obtain a cured resin excellent in heat resistance and weather resistance. According to the photocurable fluorinated polymer composition comprising a fluorinated polymer (A) containing polymerized units derived from a fluoroolefin and polymerized units derived from an unsaturated monomer having an oxetanyl group or a substituted oxetanyl group, and a photoreaction initiator (B), of the present invention, it is possible to provide a photocurable fluorinated polymer composition which has a high curing rate, shows little shrinkage before and after photocuring and requires no post treatment such as heat treatment after photocuring and whereby it is possible to obtain a cured resin excellent in heat resistance and weather resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photocurable resin composition for nanoimprint, containing a curable monomer component with or without a binder resin. The composition further contains 0.001 to 5 parts by weight of a compound having a reactive functional group and a hydrophobic functional group in the same molecular skeleton, per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the curable monomer component and binder resin. Preferably, the reactive functional group is at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl groups, epoxy groups, vinyl ether groups, oxetanyl groups, alkoxysilane groups, and free-radically polymerizable vinyl groups, and the hydrophobic functional group is at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of fluorine-containing groups, alkylsilane groups, alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, and aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 4 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for partially metallizing a product comprising a first surface, a first polymer material, and a second surface, a second polymer material, wherein the method comprises the sequential steps of exposing the first and second surfaces to conditions which render the first surface hydrophilic, and the second surface hydrophobic; contacting the first and second surfaces with water or aqueous solution; contacting the first and second surfaces with a solution of a film former in a water-immiscible solvent; evaporating the solvent to allow formation of a film by the film former on the second surface; adherence of a film by the film former on the first surface is prevented by the presence of the water or aqueous solution thereupon; performing a conventional metallization process to deposit a metal layer on the first and second surface; and removing the metallized film from the second surface to render the first surface metallized.

Abstract: The use of at least one diazonium salt bearing an initiator function, for forming an undercoat obtained by grafting a graft derived from the diazonium salt and bearing an initiator function at the surface of a conductive or semiconductive material on the undercoat, and for forming on the undercoat a polymeric layer obtained by polymerization, in particular free radical polymerization, in situ of at least one monomer, initiated from the initiator function.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to photoinitiated cationic epoxy compositions including: (a) at least one substantially saturated epoxy material comprising at least two glycidyl ether groups; (b) about 0.1 to about 20 weight percent on a basis of total weight of the composition of at least one polymer comprising at least one vinyl chloride segment and at least one vinyl acetate segment; and (c) at least one cationic photoinitiator; and bonded substrates and methods of bonding including the same.

Abstract: Improvedly storage stable dental compositions useful for the preparation of dental prostheses and for dental restoration containing a uniquely pretreated dental filler material.

Abstract: An ink composition of the present invention is disclosed, which contains (i) a sensitizing dye represented by the following Formula (I); (ii) at least one polymerization initiator selected from the group consisting of ?-aminoketones and acyl phosphine oxides; and (iii) an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing polymerizable compound. In Formula (I), X represents O, S or NR; n represents an integer of 0 or 1; R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an acyl group; R1 to R8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent; R1 and R2, R2 and R3, and R3 and R4 may be connected to each other to form a ring; and R5 or R6 may be connected to R7 or R8 to form an aliphatic ring but not to form an aromatic ring.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition comprises: 0.01 wt %-10 wt % of reflective particles; 0 wt %-12 wt % of pigment; 1 wt %-10 wt % of dispersant; 1.5 wt %-5 wt % of dispersion resin; 2 wt %-25 wt % of optically active polymer; 1 wt %-22 wt % of optical active monomer; 0.4 wt %-5 wt % of epoxy resin; 5 wt %-85 wt % of solvent; 0.1 wt %-3 wt % of photoinitiator; and 0.01 wt %-3.5 wt % of additives.

Abstract: An ink composition is provided that includes a condensed polycyclic aromatic compound, a polymerization initiator, and a polymerizable compound, and the condensed polycyclic aromatic compound is a compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula below, a compound having at least three hydroxy groups, alkoxy groups, and/or aryloxy groups on a condensed polycyclic aromatic ring, and a compound having at least one atom having an atomic weight of 32 or greater bonded to a condensed polycyclic aromatic ring and/or one group bonded to the condensed polycyclic aromatic ring via an atom having an atomic weight of 32 or greater. There are also provided a printed material obtained by employing the ink composition, a process for producing a lithographic printing plate employing the ink composition, and a lithographic printing plate obtained by the production process.

Abstract: An ink jet recording apparatus comprising a color ink container having a capacity V1 accommodating therein a solvent polymerizable in the presence of an acid and a colorant, a reaction liquid container having a capacity V2 (V2<V1) accommodating therein a reaction liquid comprising a solvent, and a photo-acid generating agent capable of generating an acid when irradiated with light, a stirring container mixing the color ink and the reaction liquid at a mixing ratio of S1:S2 (the color ink:the reaction liquid) to prepare a recording ink, a color ink supply means feeding the color ink to the stirring container, a reaction liquid supply means feeding the reaction liquid to the stirring container, an ink jet recording head ejecting the recording ink to a recording medium, and a supply tube feeding the recording ink to the recording head.

Abstract: Provided are a salt compound, cationic polymerization initiator and cationically polymerizable composition, which have a superior acid-generating capacity and high sensitivity, and are free from coloration. The salt compound is represented by the following general Formula (1): (wherein, R01 to R05 each independently represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom and —YR group, one of the R01 to R05 being a —YR group and at least two of the R01 to R05 being fluorine atoms; Y represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R represents a C1-C4 alkyl group; Ctp+ represents a p-valent cation, the p being 1 or 2; and n represents a coefficient required for maintaining electrical neutrality).

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin composition for a hybrid optical element including a curable compound, an organosilane compound, and a fluorine compound. The present invention also provides a hybrid optical element including an optical substrate and a resin layer, wherein the resin layer is a cured product of the above resin composition for a hybrid optical element.

Abstract: An ink composition is provided that includes a cationically polymerizable compound (a), a compound (b) that generates an acid when exposed to radiation, a colorant (c), and a salt of a weak acid having a pKa of 4 to 8 (d). There is also provided an inkjet recording method that includes a step of discharging the ink composition onto a recording medium, and a step of irradiating the discharged ink composition with radiation so as to cure the ink composition.

Abstract: Photosensitive polybenzoxazine compositions include a photosensitive additive such as an o-diazoquinone and a polymer comprising a repeating unit represented by the following formula (I) wherein R1 comprises an aliphatic group, an alicyclic group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof, R2 comprises an aliphatic group, an alicyclic group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof, R4 comprises a hydrophilic group, a hydrophilic group protected by an acid-cleavable group, a hydrophilic group protected by a base-cleavable group, a cross-linkable group, or combinations thereof, and i represents an integer of 1 or more. The photosensitive compositions may be formed by combining a precursor polymer with a photosensitive additive and a solvent, patterning the precursor polymer, and heating the precursor polymer at a thermal processing temperature in a range of from about 180° C. to about 300° C. to convert the precursor polymer into the final polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of acrylic polymers and in particular to their modification with the purpose of the formation of compounds of still higher molecular masses. Plastic materials of the type of acrylic universal polymer (PAU), e.g. sold under the tradename “POLYGOR”, can be used as starting material. The acrylic starting material is then modified by appropriate modifier compounds. In this way modified polymers can have molecular weights in the range between 2×105 and 15×107 a.u. and are water-soluble. This allows to use them as flocculation, coagulation, ion-exchange means and as additives to surface active agents for raising their washing and foaming capabilities.

Abstract: A stable viscosity coating composition, a method of forming the stable viscosity coating composition and a method for using the stable viscosity coating composition in a micro-molding imprint lithographic process, such as Step and Flash Imprint Lithography is disclosed. The stable viscosity coating composition may include at least one vinyl ether having at least one vinyl ether group (—OCR?CR2), and a stabilizer, wherein the stabilizer may be 9-anthracenemethanol, a substituted 9-anthracenemethanol, phenothiazine, or a substituted phenothiazine. The coating composition may include a radiation sensitive photoacid generator (PAG). The method of forming the coating composition comprises combining at least one vinyl ether having at least one vinyl ether group (—OCR?CR2), and at least one stabilizer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for functional films, and more particularly to compositions for functional films such as a heat ray screening film compatible with hydrolic or alcoholic and anti-hydrolic resin binder, a near infrared screening film, a chrominance correcting film, a conductive film, a magnetic film, a ferromagnetic film, a dielectric film, a ferroelectric film, an electrochromic film, an electroluminescence film, an insulating film, a reflecting film, a reflection preventing film, a catalyst film, a photocatalyst film, a light selectively absorbing film, a hard film, and a heat resisting film, films formed therefrom, and a method of forming the compositions and the films.

Abstract: Disclosed is a resinous molded article which has a fine structure of a nanometer level and includes a material containing a polymer of a polymerizable organic fluorocompound. The polymer is formed from, for example, a monomeric precursor composition containing a methacrylate and/or an acrylate in combination with a fluorine-containing photopolymerizable monomeric precursor composition miscible with the former composition.

Abstract: A polymer formed by controlled radical polymerization includes groups that can be modified after controlled radical polymerization to form a radical. The polymer can be the reaction product of a controlled radical polymerization of radically polymerizable monomers, wherein at least one of the radically polymerizable monomers includes at least one group that can be modified after the controlled radical polymerization to form a radical. A compound includes a first group that is stimulated upon application of energy to the molecule to tether the molecule to a surface or to another polymer chain and a second group comprising a controlled radical polymerization initiator functionality. A block copolymer includes at least a first segment to impart a predetermined functionality to a target surface and at least a second segment including functional groups to interact with the targeted surface to attach the block copolymer to the surface.

Abstract: The invention concerns dental compositions. Said composition comprises (1) a silicone crosslinkable and/or polymerizable by cation process; (2) an efficient amount of at least an initiator such as onium borate; (3) at least a photosensitizer ; and (4) a dental filler present in the composition in a proportion of at least 10 wt. % relative to the composition total weight. Said dental compositions are useful for making dental prostheses or for dental restoration.

Abstract: Reactive adhesive compositions that can be activated with actinic radiation, manipulated for an extended time and then cured thermally are disclosed. The prepolymer mixture for the reactive adhesive contains a catalyst component and a monomer/oligomer component. The monomer or oligomer is chosen from oxetane monomers, oxirane monomers, oxetane oligomers and oxirane oligomers. The oxirane monomers and oligomers have at least one oxygen or sulfur of an ether or thioether in a position two or three carbons removed from the oxygen of the oxirane.

Abstract: A resin-based casting compound which cures by a chemical reaction is described; it is suitable in particular for insulation of electric components and it contains an epoxy resin component (A), a silicone-containing component (B), a filler (C), by the choice of which the thermal conductivity of the casting compound is adjustable, and a thermal initiator (D). The casting compound has a thermal conductivity of ?2 W/mK.

Abstract: Holographic storage mediums, methods for producing the storage medium, methods for storing data in the holographic storage medium, and optical storage reading methods are described herein. The holographic storage medium can be formed from a composition comprising a thermally crosslinked polysiloxane binder; a photoactive material; and a photo-initiator, wherein the photoactive material has a concentration that remains about the same before and after a thermal cure process to form the thermally crosslinked polysiloxane binder.

Abstract: A golf ball having at least a core and a cover, wherein at least a portion of the ball is formed from a material resulting from the isomerization of an amount of polybutadiene in solution to create a resulting polybutadiene having an increased content of trans-polybutadiene, is disclosed. Isomerization can be accomplished by mixing a photo-sensitizer into the polybutadiene solution and exposing the resulting mixture to a radiation source such as ultraviolet radiation. Isomerization can also be accomplished thermally by mixing nitrogen dioxide into a sufficiently heated solution of polybutadiene and maintaining the mixture at an elevated temperature for a sufficient period of time to increase the trans-polybutadiene content of the polymer. The resulting polybutadiene is recovered, mixed with other additives as desired and formed into one or more portions of a golf ball.

Abstract: The invention concerns a radiation-curable silicone coating, comprising (a) at least a liquid polyorganosiloxane having a viscosity of about 10 to 10000 mPa's at 25° C. and bearing a crosslinkable/polymerisable function Fa on at least a M and/or T unit, and/or at least a crosslinkable/polymerisable function on at least a D unit; (b) at least a liquid linear polyorganosiloxane B having a viscosity of about 10 to 10000 mPa's at 25° C. and bearing two crosslinkable/polymerisable functions Fb on at least a M unit; (c) a cationic photoinitiator of onium borate type.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a production method by which a polymer of a functional group-terminated vinyl monomer can be easily and practically produced. Further, it is another object of the present invention to provide a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer which is useful as a material for the production of various functional products. The first aspect of the present invention is concerned with a production method of a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer comprising a step of synthesizing a halogen atom-terminated vinyl polymer by the radical polymerization reaction of a vinyl monomer in the presence of a halogen compound and a step of introducing a functional group to a terminus by substituting a functional group-containing group for the terminal halogen atom of said vinyl polymer.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition for forming a dielectric of the present invention comprising inorganic particles, an alkali developable resin and additives, wherein the additives comprise a compound having a quinonediazido group (C1), a compound containing at least two alkyletherified amino groups in the molecule (C2) and a thermal acid generator (C3), or wherein the inorganic particles comprise inorganic superfine particles (A-I) having a mean particle diameter of less than 0.05 ?m and inorganic fine particles (A-II) having a mean particle diameter of not less than 0.05 ?m. The composition can be calcined at low temperatures to form a dielectric layer with high dimensional precision, said layer having a high dielectric constant and a low dielectric loss. Also provided are a dielectric and an electronic part prepared from the composition.

Abstract: Described is a coating composition adapted to enhance the adhesion of a polymeric coating or film applied to a substrate. The coating composition is interposed between the substrate and the polymeric coating and comprises (a) at least one coupling agent, partial hydrolysates thereof or mixtures thereof in a concentration greater than 25 weight percent, based on the weight of the total composition, and (b) an adhesion enhancing amount of an epoxy-containing material having at least two epoxy groups. The coating composition is substantially free of photochromic materials and colloidal particles chosen from silica, alumina or mixtures thereof. Also described is a process for using the coating composition and articles coated with the composition and additional coatings and films which can be photochromic.

Abstract: A photocurable and thermosetting composition which is useful in forming a matte film and can be developed with an aqueous alkaline solution is provided. The composition comprises (A) a photosensitive prepolymer obtained by causing a saturated or unsaturated polybasic acid anhydride to react with a hydroxyl group of an esterification product of a novolak type epoxy compound and an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, (B) a carboxyl group-containing copolymer resin, (C) a photopolymerization initiator, (D) a diluent, (E) a polyfunctional epoxy compound having at least two epoxy groups in its molecule, and, when necessary, (F) an inorganic filler. The composition may further comprise (G) an epoxy resin curing agent. This composition can be advantageously used for the formation of a solder resist on a printed circuit board.

Abstract: Novel catalyst systems in cationically curable compositions provide colorless cationically cured compositions with improved degree of cure and thermal stability. The curable composition comprises at least one cationically curable monomer and a curing agent comprising Photocurative A or Photocurative B. Photocurative A comprises an effective amount of an accelerating photochemically active salt comprising a photochemically active cation and an accelerating anion, and an effective amount of an inhibiting non-photochemically active salt comprising a non-photochemically active cation and an inhibiting anion. Photocurative B comprises an effective amount of an inhibiting photochemically active salt comprising a photochemically active cation and an inhibiting anion, and an effective amount of an accelerating non-photochemically active salt comprising a non-photochemically active cation and an accelerating anion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light sensitive composition containing a compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, provided that R1 and R2 may combine with each other to form a ring or R2 and R3 may combine with each other to form a ring.

Abstract: The invention concerns dental compositions. Said composition comprises (1) a silicon crosslinkable and/or polymerizable by cation process; (2) an efficient amount of at least an initiator such as onium borate; (3) at least a photosensitizer; and (4) a dental filler present in the composition in a proportion of at least 10 wt. % relative to the composition total weight. Said dental compositions are useful for making dental prostheses or for dental restoration.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a production method by which a polymer of a functional group-terminated vinyl monomer can be easily and practically produced. Further, it is another object of the present invention to provide a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer which is useful as a material for the production of various functional products. The first aspect of the present invention is concerned with a production method of a functional group-terminated vinyl polymer comprising a step of synthesizing a halogen atom-terminated vinyl polymer by the radical polymerization reaction of a vinyl monomer in the presence of a halogen compound and a step of introducing a functional group to a terminus by substituting a functional group-containing group for the terminal halogen atom of said vinyl polymer.

Abstract: A radiation-curable composition having a reduced surface energy and including a reactive dye containing at least one radiation-curable substituent and at least one fluorine-containing substituent. The reactive dye may include any anthraquinone, methine, azo, azine, or xanthene dye adapted to contain at least one radiation-curable substituent and at least one fluorine-containing substituent. The radiation-curable substituent may include (meth)acrylate, styrene, vinyl ether, vinyl ester, N-substituted acrylamide, N-vinyl amide, maleate ester, and fumarate ester.

Abstract: A composition suitable for use in dental medicine and/or dentistry polymerizable by cationic polymerization consists of one or more epoxy compounds, a plasticizer, a catalyst for hardening by ring opening, a catalyst for hardening by light and an accelerator consisting of a non alkaline tertiary amine. At radiation with a light having a wavelength of 340-500 nm the composition hardens practically free of contraction and adhesiveness.