Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an artificial saliva gel and uses thereof to treat or ameliorate dry mouth (xerostomia). The gel can be of a high viscosity that is maintained at body temperature or when exposed to bodily fluids (for instance, saliva). In some embodiments, the gel can act as a lubricant. Although water-based, the gel can be hydrophobic and not readily dissolvable in bodily fluids. In some embodiments, the gel can be sterile, safe for long-term repeated ingestion, and include a preservative. In some embodiments, the gel can comprise a dental agent for inhibiting growth of dental microorganisms. In order to achieve sterility while maintaining a desired viscosity range, the gel can include a viscosity stabilising agent such as a viscosity protection agent for protection from radiation induced breakdown. The gel can also include a coloring and/or a flavoring agent.

Abstract: The described invention is directed to hydrogel-based transparent soils that can provide heterogeneous, aeration, and porous condition for plant growth. The hydrogel beads are highly tailorable in size and porosity providing an environment that is closer to natural soil. Index-matching allows the beads to appear transparent, facilitating the use of imaging and microscopy of the plant root system in vivo.

Abstract: The present invention relates to elastic, hydrophilic and substantially spherical microspheres useful for dermal augmentation and tissue bulking. The invention provides injectable compositions comprising the microspheres and a biocompatible carrier for use in dermal augmentation. The present invention further provides methods of dermal augmentation and tissue bulking, particularly for the treatment of skin contour deficiencies, Gastro-esophageal reflux disease, urinary incontinence, and urinary reflux disease, using the injectable compositions.

Abstract: A materials system and methods are provided to enable the formation of articles by 3D printing. In some embodiments, a materials system includes a substantially dry particulate material that includes an insoluble filler, a soluble filler, and a transition metal catalyst. The materials system further comprises a fluid binder including a (meth)acrylate monomer, an allyl ether functional monomer and/or oligomer, and a free-radical photoinitiator.

Abstract: A durable ambient light curable waterproof liquid rubber coating with volatile organic compound (VOC) content of less than 450 grams per liter made from ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) in a solvent, a photoinitiator, an additive, pigments, and fillers, and a co-agent and a method for making the formulation, wherein the formulation is devoid of thermally activated accelerators.

Abstract: A coating composition includes a UV curable film forming resin; a thixotropic and/or pseudoplastic anti-settling agent selected from at least one of an amine salt of a synthetic wax, a microcrystalline cellulose compound (MCC), a urea urethane, or a urethane enzymatically modified starch; a mar/scratch resistant additive selected from at least one of a mineral abrasive, glass particles, and ceramic particles; and water.

Abstract: A method for preparing a hydrogel includes the steps of injecting a precursor with at least two alkene groups into a predetermined portion, injecting at least one specie into the predetermined portion, and performing an X-ray irradiation on the predetermined portion to induce a polymerization reaction of the precursor to form a porous hydrogel with the specie embedded inside the porous hydrogel. In one embodiment of the present invention, the specie is selected from the group consisting of nucleic acid and adhesion agent.

Abstract: A coating composition includes a UV curable film forming resin; a thixotropic and/or pseudoplastic anti-settling agent selected from at least one of an amine salt of a synthetic wax, a microcrystalline cellulose compound (MCC), a urea urethane, or a urethane enzymatically modified starch; a mar/scratch resistant additive selected from at least one of a mineral abrasive, glass particles, and ceramic particles; and water.

Abstract: Cellulosic ultra-violet curable coating compositions, coatings and articles made from the compositions, and methods for making such coatings and articles and compositions are disclosed and claimed. Such coatings exhibit superior adhesion and hardness, without appreciable curl.

Abstract: The process comprises the steps of: obtaining diethyl maleate from maleic anhydride; purifying the diethyl maleate and submitting it to two or more distillation steps, for removing remaining contaminants; mixing a load of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-PVP with a load of the distilled diethyl maleate, forming a mixture having a concentration predetermined as a function of the membrane to be obtained; hot treating the mixture so as to graft the diethyl maleate to the poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-PVP; adding to the heated mixture, the additional components defined by poly(ethylene glycol)-PEG, agar and water, until reaching 100% by weight of a hydrophilic composition; cooling the hydrophilic composition to the ambient temperature; and submitting the cooled hydrophilic composition to electron beam irradiation, obtaining a hydrogel.

Abstract: A method of preparing colored UV-curable artificial nail gel compositions comprising dispersing a pigment in an organic liquid to form a pigment concentrate and mixing the pigment concentrate with a polyfunctional acrylic monomer and/or a polyfunctional acrylic oligomer, and the resultant highly colored artificial nail gel are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating formulation for preparing a hydrophilic coating, wherein the hydrophilic coating formulation comprises a hydrophilic polymer, a supporting polymer comprising a backbone and at least 2 reactive moieties capable of undergoing polymerization reactions, a Norrish Type I photoinitiator and a Norrish Type II photoinitiator.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hydrogel network comprised of a physically cross-linked polymer and a chemically cross-linked polymer or physically entangled copolymer containing living cells, such as chondrocytes, encapsulated therein. In a preferred aspect, the physically cross-linked polymer is selected from the group consisting of thermally gelling polysaccharides and proteins, such as agarose or gelatin, and the chemically cross-linked or physically entangled polymer is synthesized from a water-soluble vinyl monomer, either as a homopolymer or copolymer, such as polyethylene glycol diacrylate (“PEG-DA”) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (“HEMA”).

Abstract: This invention provides novel methods for the formation of biocompatible membranes around biological materials using photopolymerization of water soluble molecules. The membranes can be used as a covering to encapsulate biological materials or biomedical devices, as a “glue” to cause more than one biological substance to adhere together, or as carriers for biologically active species. Several methods for forming these membranes are provided. Each of these methods utilizes a polymerization system containing water-soluble macromers, species, which are at once polymers and macromolecules capable of further polymerization. The macromers are polymerized using a photoinitiator (such as a dye), optionally a cocatalyst, optionally an accelerator, and radiation in the form of visible or long wavelength UV light. The reaction occurs either by suspension polymerization or by interfacial polymerization.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to compositions and systems for forming biomaterials containing a transient colorant for visualizing tissue or surgical materials coated with such biomaterials, to methods of using such compositions as bioadhesives, for tissue augmentation, in the prevention of surgical adhesions, for coating surfaces of synthetic implants, as drug delivery matrices, for ophthalmic applications, and in other applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biodegradable composition for the preparation of table-ware, mulching film and package, which comprises: 2-6% by weight of starch; 35-45% by weight of plant powders; 20-30% by weight of calcium carbonate; 2-7% by weight of sorbital; 7-13% by weight of polypropene; 2-5% by weight of polyethylene; 2-6% by weight of coupling agent; 1-2% by weight of defoamer; 2-5% by weight of stearic acid; 2-6% by weight of stearate; 3-6% by weight of glycerine or epoxidized soybean oil; and 60-100 ppm photosensitizer. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing the composition, which comprises: treating a plant wastes with a diluent acid, drying and pulverizing, then mixing it with starch, polypropene, and polyethylene, sorbital, defoamer, coupling agent, stearic acid, stearate, glycerine and photosensitizer homogeneously; blending the mixture obtained in a double-screw extruder at a temperature of 160-180 C to obtain the composition of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curable treating agent and a curing treatment process which provide excellent results with regard to any of heat resistance, water resistance, surface physical properties, and impregnability, and further, involve high productivity. The electron-beam-curable treating agent according to the present invention comprises a high boiling point resin in a ratio of not lower than 10 weight %, and is characterized in that the high boiling point resin includes a high boiling point radical-polymerizable component in a ratio of higher than 90 weight %, wherein the high boiling point radical-polymerizable component includes a specific acrylic derivative in a ratio of not lower than 5 weight %. The electron beam curing treatment process according to the present invention is characterized by comprising the step of irradiating a treating agent with an electron beam under specific conditions, wherein the treating agent includes a specific acrylic derivative.

Abstract: Hydrogels of polymerized and crosslinked macromers comprising hydrophilic oligomers having biodegradable monomeric or oligomeric extensions, which biodegradable extensions are terminated on free ends with end cap monomers or oligomers capable of polymerization and cross linking are described. The hydrophilic core itself may be degradable, thus combining the core and extension functions. Macromers are polymerized using free radical initiators under the influence of long wavelength ultraviolet light, visible light excitation or thermal energy. Biodegradation occurs at the linkages within the extension oligomers and results in fragments which are non-toxic and easily removed from the body. Preferred applications for the hydrogels include prevention of adhesion formation after surgical procedures, controlled release of drugs and other bioactive species, temporary protection or separation of tissue surfaces, adhering of sealing tissues together, and preventing the attachment of cells to tissue surfaces.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for effecting a reaction by irradiating a substance which absorbs the radiant energy until the reaction is complete and the absorbency of the material changes so as to reduce or cease absorption of further radiant energy.

Abstract: An aqueous processable element for thermally-induced photoimaging and a photoimaging process using the element are disclosed. The element comprises, in order:(A) a dimensionally stable support, and(B) an active layer comprising:(1) a cationic polymer containing pendant ammonium groups, said cationic polymer being removable from said support by aqueous processing, said pendant groups having the general formula:--N (R.sub.1)(R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)!.sup.+ X.sup.-,(2) an infra-red absorbing material, and(3) optionally, a colorant;wherein:R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted and unsubstituted alkyl, substituted and unsubstituted alkenyl, and substituted and unsubstituted aryl;R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 together contain not more than about thirty carbon atoms; andX is an anion.

Abstract: A photo-reactive nail polish coating composition that cures quickly upon exposure to natural light. The coating consists of a polymer formed from a composition comprising nitrocellulose, a photo-reactive monomer, a photoinitiator and a reaction inhibitor, resulting in a product compatible with commercially available nail polish of any color and removable by standard acetone-based polish removers. It is also compatible with every-day chores because it is insoluble in water. The composition is not phototoxic and has very low potential for skin irritation or sensitization. The photo-reactive coating is applied over the wet nail polish and then exposed to light, causing the nail polish to dry in a few minutes.

Abstract: A photo-reactive nail polish coating composition that cures quickly upon exposure to low levels of ultraviolet radiation. The coating consists of a polymer formed from a composition comprising nitrocellulose, a photo-reactive monomer, a photoinitiator and a reaction inhibitor, resulting in a product compatible with commercially available nail polish of any color and removable by standard acetone-based polish removers. It is also compatible with every-day chores because it is insoluble in water. The composition is not phototoxic and has very low potential for skin irritation or sensitization. The photo-reactive coating is applied over the wet nail polish and then irradiated with safe dosages of ultraviolet radiation, causing the nail polish to dry in a few minutes.

Abstract: A UV curable organic solvent soluble, aqueous nonalkaline soluble and peelable temporary solder mask composition to be applied to a surface to be protected, having a reactive diluent monomer capable of polymerization upon exposure to ultraviolet light and a photoinitiator serving as a free radical source to initiate polymerization.

Abstract: A biomosaic polymer is provided. Biologically active materials are bound at surfaces of such polymers polymerized from emulsions containing hydrophobic polymerizable monomers, such biologically active materials, and surface active agents. The biomosaic polymers may be formed into membranes, films, beads, or other structures for a variety of assays, bioseparations, or catalyzed reactions and other uses. A single step polymerization of the emulsion provides significant retention of the biologically active material bound and congregated at surfaces of the polymer.

Abstract: An improved silicone composition is disclosed, which comprises:a) at least one silanol chain-stopped polydiorganosiloxane polymer;b) an acyloxy, alkoxy, or aryloxy-functional crosslinking agent; andc) a catalytic amount of an onium salt photocatalyst.These materials are characterized by enhanced cure properties, such as short tack free time; and they can also include various other components, such as fillers, plasticizers, condensation cure catalysts, and adhesion promoters.

Abstract: A radiation curable coating composition comprising reactive monomers, a photoinitiator, between about 4 wt.% to 35 wt.% of a cellulose derivative, preferably nitrocellulose and an unsaturated polyester resin which is the reaction product of glycols and unsaturated dibasic acids. Coatings prepared in accordance with the present invention can be used as overprint varnishes for magazines and other coated papers. These coatings may also be used to provide a protective finish for wood.

Abstract: Residual ethylene oxide is removed from poly(ethylene oxide) by the steps of adding to particles of high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) a finely divided solid particulate material which is capable of coating the poly(ethylene oxide) particles and impeding their agglomeration under conditions of heating, heating the particles of poly(ethylene oxide) at a temperature of at least 40.degree. C. and preferably which is near their crystalline melting point, and maintaining the temperature for a sufficient time to reduce the ethylene oxide in the particles of poly(ethylene oxide) to ten ppm or less. In one embodiment, the poly(ethylene oxide) is heated by holding the particles in a heated enclosure; in another, it is heated as a slurry in a liquid medium; in yet another, it is heated by warm gas in a gaseously-fluidized bed; and in a fourth, it is heated by microwave radiation.

Abstract: Radiation curable coating compositions for providing solvent-resistant abhesive coatings comprise polyfluorinated acrylates and methacrylates, polyethylenically unsaturated crosslinking agents and a film-forming organic polymer. The compositions can be used after radiation curing to render substrates oil, soil, and water repellent. The cured compositions have particular use as release coatings in image transfer systems wherein a fused xerographic image is transferred from the release coated surface, to another surface due to the particular characteristics of the coatings. Novel poly(fluorooxyalkylene)urethane acrylate compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive composition containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of N-acyl amino acid derivatives, hydroxycarboxylic acids and their derivatives, condensates of an aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde with a polyhydric alcohol, acylated polysaccharides and metallic soaps. From the photosensitive composition of the present invention, moldings having excellent shape retentivity and/or compatibility of the components thereof with one another can be produced. Therefore, the production of moldings from a composition which has been heretofore impossible is made possible. Particularly a composition having a good moldability during the molding operation can be employed. The composition is useful for the preparation of printing plate materials having a good developability and printing plates, particularly flexible printing plates and flexographic printing plates, having an improved ink solvent resistance.

Abstract: Room temperature-curable organopolysiloxane compositions are made from essentially linear organopolysiloxanes having hydroxyl or hydrolyzable end groups, a crosslinking agent, a filler, optionally a curing catalyst, an unsaturated ester having at least ten carbon atoms in the unsaturated fatty acid component of the ester, and a photosensitizer. These compositions cure to elastomeric materials which do not soil on the surface or the surrounding areas of the substrate in contact with the cure product. The adhesion of these cured products is not reduced.

Abstract: Supported initiators for the radiation-activated polymerization of cationically-polymerizable compounds, particularly epoxide group-containing compounds, are described. The supported initiators comprise a particulate carrier and a photocatalytic ionic salt. The supported initiators are especially useful for the polymerization of cationically-polymerizable compounds in which the ionic salt alone is not soluble.

Abstract: Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks which may be used as printing inks or as coatings are prepared by subjecting a mixture of a vinyl ether and a cellulose ester to irradiation from an electron beam. This mixture is curable with low energy dosages ranging from about 0.1 to about 10.0 Mrads, and from about 150 to about 300 Kev. The reaction is effected in the presence of a polymerization catalyst comprising an onium salt.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a water-soluble polymer having an excellent water solubility and a high molecular weight, which comprises subjecting a thin layer of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble vinyl monomer to polymerization on a solid support, covering the thin layer with a substantially water-insoluble organic material, e.g. a paraffin, a silicone oil or a low molecular polyethylene, and/or a slightly water-soluble or substantially water-insoluble alkylene oxide adduct at least at a point of time when the aqueous monomer solution has not freely flowed, and further continuing the polymerization.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a sticky water-soluble polymer, e.g. acrylamide polymers and acrylic acid polymers, which comprises polymerizing an aqueous solution of a monomer in a polymerization vessel of which the surface contacting the aqueous monomer solution is covered with a tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer film, whereby the stickiness of the produced polymer to the vessel is remarkably decreased, namely the peelability of the polymer from the vessel is remarkably improved, and moreover the polymerization conversion is remarkably improved. Also, the use of a metal deposited tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer film as a covering material improves the efficiency of a photopolymerization and enables to use a polymerization vessel made of an inexpensive material.

Abstract: A photopolymerizable composition which comprises as main ingredients (1) a non-gaseous ethylenic unsaturated compound which has at least two ethylenic unsaturated groups and forms a polymer by the aid of a photopolymerization initiator, (2) a thermoplastic organic polymer binder, (3) a photopolymerization initiator which is activated by activating light, and (4) a derivative of a thiohydrazide compound or at least one derivative of a carbothio acid amide. This composition forms a photoresist for producing printed circuit boards, printing plates, etc., by etching or plating. The photoresist has superior adhesion with respect to the base.