Abstract: A non-crosslinked polymer, comprising a preformed aqueous emulsion having a plurality of silanol-terminated polydiorganosiloxane particles, a functionalizing silane having the formula R.sub.3-n Q.sub.n SiX where X is a hydrolyzable group, Q is an organic functional group which does not prevent a condensation reaction between X and a silanol-terminated polydiorganosiloxane molecule, R is a saturated monovalent hydrocarbon group of from one to six carbon atoms, and an organotin catalyst. The composition results in a non-crosslinked polymer, unlike the polymers described in the prior art. It has been found that adding a functionalizing silane having only one hydrolyzable group to a preformed polydiorganosiloxane emulsion results in functionalized polydiorganosiloxane molecules free of crosslinks between the polydiorganosiloxane chains.

Abstract: Photocurable glycosaminoglycan (GAG) derivatives and crosslinked glycosaminoglycans, which are highly safe and biocompatible, a method of preparing such photocurable GAG derivatives readily moldable by casting using a solvent when desired, by which method unreacted substances causative of adverse effects can be readily eliminated, and a method of producing the crosslinked GAGs and medical materials based on the photocurable GAG derivatives or crosslinked GAGs are provided. The photocurable GAG derivatives comprise a glycosaminoglycan and a photoreactive compound bound thereto and can be produced, for example, by subjecting hydroxyl or carboxyl groups of the glycosaminoglycan to esterification reaction or amidation reaction, respectively, with the photoreactive compound. The crosslinked GAGs are derived from the photocurable GAG derivatives by intermolecular crosslinking of the photoreactive compound bound thereto.

Abstract: A carboxyvinyl polymer having Newtonian viscosity, ophthalmic preparations containing the polymer, a process for preparing the polymer, and a vehicle for ophthalmic preparations containing the polymer. By using the polymer in a vehicle, an ophthalmic preparation having a low viscosity and a desirable permeability of a drug can be obtained.

Abstract: A non-crosslinked polymer, comprising a preformed aqueous emulsion having a plurality of silanol-terminated polydiorganosiloxane particles, a functionalizing silane having the formula RQSi(X).sub.2 where X is a hydrolyzable group, Q is an organic functional group which does not prevent a condensation reaction between X and a silanol-terminated polydiorganosiloxane molecule, R is Q, or a saturated monovalent hydrocarbon group of from one to six carbon atoms, and an organotin catalyst. The composition results in a non-crosslinked polymer, unlike the polymers described in the prior art. It has been found that adding a functionalizing silane having only two hydrolyzable groups to a preformed polydiorganosiloxane emulsion results in functionalized polydiorganosiloxane molecules free of crosslinks between the polydiorganosiloxane chains.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoimageable soldermask that may be applied using aqueous solvents, thereby reducing the emission of organic solvents. The soldermask contains an epoxy based resin system comprised of at least one epoxy resin, a coating agent, and preferably a cationic photoinitiator and a dye.

Abstract: An aqueous, radiation-curable, functionalized latex polymer composition and its preparation are disclosed. The composition is a multistaged latex polymer formed from a first stage polymer and a second stage polymer having .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated carbonyl functionalization which permits curing by UV radiation. The composition dries tack-free before curing. The final cured UV coating has excellent solvent resistance, water resistance, stain resistance, direct impact resistance and hot print resistance. The composition is useful in coatings, adhesives, inks and leather coatings, and is particularly useful as a coating on wood.

Abstract: Process for making a polymer with desired groups Y comprising reacting a precursor polymer having carbon- or nitrogen-bound --NH.sub.2 and/or --NH-- groups with at least one compound having a single enolic carbonyl group and at least one group Y. Also the polymer itself and a composition containing it.

Abstract: Radiation-curable polyurethane emulsion compositions that can be diluted with water are disclosed. An emulsion of a polyurethane having active amino groups is prepared, and the emulsion is reacted, in the presence of water, with an isocyanate compound having a polymerizable unsaturated group to introduce the polymerizable unsaturated group into the polyurethane. The introduction of a polymerizable unsaturated group into the polyurethane is accomplished in the presence of water, thereby overcoming prior art problems of polymerization and gelation during the preparation of the emulsion. The present invention provides radiation-curable polyurethane emulsion compositions that can be produced on an industrial scale.

Abstract: A hydrogel matrix is provided for a multipupose medical electrode having an electrically conductive backing. The matrix comprises a dispersion of a natural or a synthetic hydrophilic polymer, e.g., polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, modified starch, or gum karaya, gum acacia, locust bean gum or the like, water, and a humectant such as triethylene glycol or glycerol. The matrix is a flexible sheet having a tacky lower surface for establishing a bond to provide electrical contact with the skin of a patient. The matrix has a resistivity greater than the resistivity of the electrical conductive backing and includes a gelation inhibitor such as a salt of a weak acid, e.g., Mg(OAc).sub.2 uniformly distributed within the matrix in an amount sufficient to retard gelation of the matrix prior to forming the matrix into a flexible sheet.

Abstract: Brominated chlorine-substituted poly-1,3-butadiene is produced by a process in which an aqueous chlorine-substituted poly-1,3-butadiene latex is reacted in aqueous phase with a brominating agent in the presence of a radical-forming catalyst and/or in the presence of light at a pH value below 7 and at a temperature of 20.degree. to 95.degree. C., the brominated reaction product is optionally precipitated from the aqueous dispersion obtained and then separated from the aqueous liquid.

Abstract: An aqueous, radiation-curable, functionalized latex polymer composition and its preparation are disclosed. The composition is a multistaged latex polymer formed from a first stage polymer and a second stage polymer having .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated carbonyl functionalization which permits curing by UV radiation. The composition dries tack-free before curing. The final cured UV coating has excellent solvent resistance, water resistance, stain resistance, direct impact resistance and hot print resistance. The composition is useful in coatings, adhesives, inks and leather coatings, and is particularly useful as a coating on wood.

Abstract: A process of producing a water absorptive resin, wherein a water absorptive polymer which comprises cross-linked poly(metal salt of acrylic acid) as a major component is impregnated with water, and the water-impregnated water absorptive polymer is exposed to one of a high-temperature highly-humid atmosphere or a ultraviolet radiation, to thereby partially release the cross-linkage of the cross-linked poly(metal salt of acrylic acid).

Abstract: A resin composition comprising (A) a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing (a) acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, (b) at least one compound having an unstable group against an acid such as t-amyl acrylate, t-amyl methacrylate, etc. and (c) a copolymerizable monomer such as n-butyl acrylate and (B) a photoacid generator is effective for providing an electro-deposition bath good in water dispersion stability and an electrodeposited film having high sensitivity and high resolution.

Abstract: Residual ethylene oxide is removed from poly(ethylene oxide) by the steps of adding to particles of high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) a finely divided solid particulate material which is capable of coating the poly(ethylene oxide) particles and impeding their agglomeration under conditions of heating, heating the particles of poly(ethylene oxide) at a temperature of at least 40.degree. C. and preferably which is near their crystalline melting point, and maintaining the temperature for a sufficient time to reduce the ethylene oxide in the particles of poly(ethylene oxide) to ten ppm or less. In one embodiment, the poly(ethylene oxide) is heated by holding the particles in a heated enclosure; in another, it is heated as a slurry in a liquid medium; in yet another, it is heated by warm gas in a gaseously-fluidized bed; and in a fourth, it is heated by microwave radiation.

Abstract: A multipurpose medical stimulating electrode is described for use in external cardiac pacing, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation and neuromuscular stimulation which includes a protective cover layer at the top extending over and bonded to the upper surface of an electrically conductive layer, e.g. carbon filled silicone rubber having a resistivity of about 100 ohm centimeters on the lower surface of which is coated a selfsupporting skin contacting hydrogel layer comprising a matrix having a sticky surface adapted to make a good electrical contact with the skin and having a resistivity of greater than 1,000 and less than 10,000 ohm centimeters. The matrix is composed of natural or synthetic hydrocolloid, e.g. polyacrylamide, and/or natural gum such as karaya gum, water and a humectant comprising a polyhydric alcohol and optionally with Mg(OAc).sub.2 as a gelation inhibitor and electrolyte.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of polyurethanes which are crosslinkable by the action of high energy radiation contain (a) a polyisocyanate, (b) a polyol having a molecular weight of from 400 to 6,000 g/mol, (c) if required, a polyol having a molecular weight of from 62 to 399 g/mol, (d) if required, a polyamine having two or more amino groups which are reactive to isocyanate, (e) if required, an aminoalcohol having one or more amino groups which are reactive to isocyanate, (f) a compound containing ionic groups or groups which can be converted into ionic groups and one or more hydroxyl or amino groups which are reactive to isocyanate (g) if required, a monofunctional polyetheral and (h) a compound having one or more ethylenically unsaturated groups and one or more hydroxyl groups. The compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group (h) is used in amounts corresponding to 0.02-0.

Abstract: A water-isoluble hydrogel, obtained by cross-linking a polyvinyl alcohol by itself, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone by itself, and a polyvinyl alcohol and a polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a pair by exposure to radiation to a cross-linking degree enough for occlusion therein of 50 to 99% by weight of water and they freezing and thawing the product of said cross-linking, production thereof, and an untrasonic transmission medium using the hydrogel.

Abstract: A silicone emulsion is prepared by emulsion polymerizing a hydroxyl endblocked polydiorganosiloxane oligomer with a combination of a siloxane or siloxane precursor containing unsaturated hydrocarbon groups and a functional silicone selected from the group consisting of organosilicon hydrides and mercaptoalkylsilanes or siloxanes, or with an acryl or methacryl functional siloxane. When the emulsion of the copolymer produced is combined with a photoinitiator, the copolymer can be crosslinked by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. When the water is removed, an elastomer results. The emulsion can be used to produce coatings and sealants.

Abstract: A silicone emulsion is prepared by emulsion polymerizing a hydroxyl endblocked polydiorganosiloxane oligomer with a combination of a siloxane or siloxane precursor containing unsaturated hydrocarbon groups and a functional silicone selected from the group consisting of organosilicon hydrides and mercaptoalkylsilanes or siloxanes, or with an acryl or methacryl functional siloxane. When the emulsion of the copolymer produced is combined with a photoinitiator, the copolymer can be crosslinked by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. When the water is removed, an elastomer results. The emulsion can be used to produce coatings and sealants.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrodeposition coating composition for use in printed circuit board photo resist, comprising (a) an acrylic resin containing (meth)acryloyl group and obtained by use of diacetone (meth)acrylamide as an essential monomer component, said acrylic resin being a water-soluble or water-dispersible photo-curable unsaturated resin having an acid value of 20 to 300, a degree of unsaturation of 0.2 to 4.5 moles/kg, a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 and a glass transition temperature of 0.degree. to 100.degree. C., and (b) a water-insoluble photopolymerization initiator.

Abstract: A water dispersible polyester polymer is described having one or more polyester chains and one or more non-ionic polyoxyalkylene chains in which at least 40% of the repeating oxyalkylene units are oxyethylene units. The polyester polymer has a structure in which one or more of the polyoxyalkylene chains are pendent to at least one of the polyester chains. The poloxyalkylene chains provide the polyester with non-ionic stabilization enabling the polyester to form aqueous dispersions which possess good colloid stability.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte is in the form of a gel comprising a complex of a solid polymer (e.g. poly(ethene oxide) and an alkali metal salt (e.g. LiClO.sub.4), the polymer being cross-linked to inhibit its transformation from an amorphous form to a crystalline form thereby to improve the alkali metal ion conductivity of the electrolyte at lower temperatures. The electrolyte may be made by irradiating (e.g. by gamma radiation or an electron beam) a solution, preferably aqueous, of the complex to cause the polymer to cross-link and form a gel. The electrolyte may be used as a component in a solid state electrochemical cell (e.g. for a rechargeable lithium battery), where the gel form of the electrolyte assists fabrication.

Abstract: A photocurable electrodeposition coating composition for printed circuit photoresist film comprising(a) a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymerizable unsaturated resin having an acid value of 20 to 300, an unsaturation equivalent of 150 to 3,000 and a number-average molecular weight of not less than 300,(b) a water-insoluble photopolymerization initiator, and(c) a chelating agent.

Abstract: A storage-stabile, radiation-hardenable, NCO-free aqueous emulsions based on ionic urethane-urea acrylates is disclosed. The emulsions are made up of partially acrylated cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates which have been acrylated by a hydroxyalkyl acrylate (to the extent of 10-60 equivalent-% NCO). These products are then reacted with polyhydroxy compounds (to the extent of 20-75 equivalent-% NCO), and then with sodium salts of aminocarboxylic acids (to the extent of 5-15 equivalent-% NCO), and finally they are reacted with water and/or aliphatic diamines (said aliphatic diamines in amounts corresponding to 1-5 equivalent-% NCO).

Abstract: Polyolefin particles having a halogenated surface region, which are prepared by irradiating ultraviolet rays to an aqueous dispersion of polyolefin particles in the presence of a halogen gas. The polyolefin particles having a halogenated surface region have an improved property of retaining volatile blowing agents and can provide expandable particles having an improved storability in the open state.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a novel water-insoluble, hydrophilic, pressure-sensitive adhesive that has a number of unique characteristics including being elastomeric and ultraconformable. This adhesive includes an irradiation cross-linked synthetic organic polymer having a three-dimensional matrix, and an adhesive plasticizer. The plasticizer includes a substantially non-volatile elasticizer. The adhesive is useful either as a coating on a supporting web-like substrate or as a self-supporting layer. Also provided are various articles made using the adhesive such as a bandage or ostomy device, a method of making the adhesive, and methods of using the adhesive.In one embodiment, the adhesive is electroconductive, and is useful for attaching an electrically conductive member of an electrode to a selected surface such as mammalian tissue. Also provided is an electrode having a layer of this adhesive, and a method of adhering this electrode to mammalian tissue.

Abstract: A process for modifying the surface characteristics of a pre-formed polymeric substrate to impart hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, or other desired properties thereto, by peroxidizing the surface of the substrate and then allowing the active sites along the polymer chains to generate free radicals which induce graft polymerization of a suitable ethylenic monomer (or other ethylenically-unsaturated compound) onto the surface of the substrate is described. Such graft copolymerization is undertaken in the presence of variable valence metal ions in a reduced state under acidic conditions and at selected reaction times and relatively low temperatures, and ideally in the presence of squarate ions (diketocyclobutenediol) to control the physical characteristics of the surface graft and to restore the metal ions to their lower valence state without at the same time producing deleterious by-products.