Abstract: Anthraquinones of formula I ##STR1## wherein X is the group --CR.sup.2 R.sup.3 --, where R.sup.2 is H, --CH or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl and R.sup.3 is H or --CN, R.sup.1 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl and R is a direct bond or linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkylene which, alone or together with the --CR.sup.2 R.sup.3 -- group, can be interrupted by one or more --O-- when R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.3 are not --CN, and curable compositions comprising (a) an epoxy resin, (b) a hardener if necessary, (c) an anthraquinone of formula I and (d) an amino alcohol. The cured compositions are photosensitive and are suitable for the preparation of coatings and metallic images by electroless metal deposition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a photosensitizer which is bound to a polysiloxane polymer, a method of preparing the bound photosensitizer and a process for using the bound photosensitizer. The photosensitizers which may be used in the invention include rose bengal, rhodamine B, acridine orange, methylene blue and zinc phthalocyanine. The photosensitizer is attached to the polysiloxane by reacting a hydroxyl or vinyl group on the photosensitizer with a hydrogen on the polyhydrosiloxane, thereby binding the photosensitizer into the polymer network. Finally, the bound photosensitizer may be used to oxidize undesirable oxidizable compounds present in a hydrocarbon or aqueous fraction. One specific example is the sweetening of kerosene which involves oxidizing the mercaptans contained in the kerosene.

Abstract: This invention relates to a photosensitizer which is bound to a titanate polymer, a method of preparing the bound photosensitizer and a process for using the bound photosensitizer. The photosensitizers which may be used in the invention include rose bengal, azure blue, rhodamine B, fluorescein and eosin. The photosensitizer is attached to the titanate by displacing a ligand on the titanate with a hydroxyl group on the photosensitizer. Finally, the bound photosensitizer may be used to oxidize undesirable oxidizable compounds present in a hydrocarbon or aqueous fraction. One specific example is the sweetening of kerosene which involves oxidizing the mercaptans contained in the kerosene to disulfides.

Abstract: Radiation-curable two-layer systems containing immobilized photoinitiators are suitable for the production of coatings of constant thickness and good adhesion, and relief structures of high resolution and edge steepness.

Abstract: A coated photosensitive material on a support comprising a layer of polyamic acids and polyamic acid aryl esters derived from tetracarboxylic acids or aminodicarboxylic acids containing a benzophenone structural unit and aromatic diamines which are substituted in both ortho-positions by at least one amino group. The material is autophotocrosslinkable and is suitable for producing protective coatings and photographic images, with corresponding polyimides being formed after irradiation by a thermal aftertreatment.

Abstract: This invention relates to a radiation polymerizable composition for use in a photographic element such as a lithographic printing plate comprising in admixture(a) a binder resin having the general formula-A-B-C-wherein a plurality of each of components A, B and C occur in ordered or random sequence in the resin and wherein A is present in said resin at about 5% to about 20% by weight and comprises groups of the formula ##STR1## B is present in said resin at about 4% to about 30% by weight and comprises groups of the formula ##STR2## and C is present in said resin at about 50% to about 91% by weight and comprises acetal groups consisting of groups of the formulae ##STR3## where R is lower alkyl or hydrogen, and wherein said group I is present in component C from about 75% to about 85%, group II is present in component C from about 3% to about 5%; and group III is present in component C from about 10% to about 22%;(b) a photoinitiator;(c) a photopolymerizable mixture of(1) a polyethoxylate diacrylate monomer; a

Abstract: The invention is directed to a photosensitive polymer composition capable of being electrophoretically depositable as an adherent, uniform photosensitive film on a conductive surface. The photosensitive polymer composition useful for electrodeposition is formed from an aqueous solution or emulsion of at least one polymer having charged carrier groups, a photoinitiator and a source of unsaturation for crosslinking the resulting film upon exposure to actinic radiation. The photosensitive film formed from the photosensitive polymer composition is aqueous developable and resistant to strong inorganic acids and strong bases. The photosensitive polymer composition is useful in the preparation of printed circuit boards, lithographic printing plates, cathode ray tubes, as well as in chemical milling, solder resist and planarizing layer applications.

Abstract: An electrodepositable photosensitive resin which is a phenolic novolak resin having(i) at least part of the phenolic hydroxyl groups thereof replaced by a quinone diazide sulphonyloxy group, and(ii) at least part of the aromatic rings thereof substituted in a position ortho and/or para to a phenolic hydroxyl group or quinone diazide sulphonyloxy group by a group of formula --CH(R.sup.1)R.sup.2 whereR.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl or carboxylic acid group, andR.sup.2 represents a sulphonic acid group --SO.sub.3 H or a group of formula --A--R.sup.3 --X,R.sup.3 represents an aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic divalent group which may be substituted by a carboxlic, sulphonic or phosphonic acid group,A represents a sulphur atom or a group of formula --N(R.sup.4)--, where R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may be substituted by a carboxylic acid group or by an optionally etherified hydroxyl group, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: The novel polymers disclosed have the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is R.sub.5 --(z).sub.p ; R.sub.5 is a terminal reactive group --O--; z is --isocyanate--O--; p is zero or 1, however p is zero when m is zero; P .sub.1 is an organic radical; m is zero or 1, however m is zero when n is 1; R.sub.2 is an organic radical; i is an integer from 2 to 6; P.sub.2 is an organic radical; r is zero or 1, however r is zero only when m is zero and n is zero; R.sub.3 is an organic radical; P.sub.4 is the residue from a polyhydroxy compound; n is zero or 1; R.sub.4 is --(v).sub.w --R.sub.6 ; v is --O--isocyanate; w is zero or 1, however, w is zero when m is zero; and R.sub.6 is --O-- terminal reactive group. The polymers are preferably made by first reacting a dianhydride with a polymer having terminal hydroxy groups and then reacting the reaction product with a hydroxy group terminated acrylate or methacrylate or a hydroxy group terminated hydrogen donor containing at least one heterogeneous atom such as O, N, or S.

Abstract: A photosolubilizable composition containing (a) a first compound capable of producing an acid by irradiation with actinic rays and (b) a high molecular weight compound, whose solubility in a developing solution is increased by the action of an acid, and a photosolubilizable composition containing (c) a high molecular weight compound whose solubility in a developing solution is increased by irradiation with actinic radiation, are disclosed. These compositions exhibit high photosensitivity, broad development latitude, and high stability with time.

Abstract: A material to which there is applied a polyamic acid ester obtained from aromatic tri-or tetracarboxylic acids which contain benzophenone groups and organic diamines is suitable for producing protective coatings or relief images. After it has been irradiated, the material can be subjected to a heat treatment to convert the polyamic acid ester into the polyimide.

Abstract: This invention describes the preparation of some new Mannich polymers and copolymers and teaches their general use as photosensitizers for onium salts for use in the initiation of free radical polymerization of vinyl monomers. These Mannich polymers are unexpectedly more efficient as photosensitizers than are the non-polymeric photosensitizers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a radiation polymerizable composition for use in a photographic element such as a lithographic printing plate comprising in admixture(a) a binder resin having the general formula--A--B--C--wherein a plurality of each of components A, B and C occur in ordered or random sequence in the resin and wherein A is present in said resin at about 5% to about 20% by weight and comprises groups of the formula ##STR1## B is present in said resin at about 4% to about 30% by weight and comprises groups of the formula ##STR2## and C is present in said resin at about 50% to about 91% by weight and comprises acetal groups consisting of groups of the formulae ##STR3## where R is lower alkyl or hydrogen, and wherein said group I is present in component C from about 75% to about 85%, group II is present in component C from about 3% to about 5%; and group III is present in component C from about 10% to about 22%;(b) a photoinitiator;(c) a photopolymerizable mixture of(1) a polyethoxylate diacrylate monome

Abstract: Ultraviolet-curable ethylenically unsaturated liquid coating composition are disclosed which consist essentially of:1--polyethylenically unsaturated material in which the ethylenically unsaturated groups are polymerizable groups which are not (meth)acrylate groups;2--a polyamine resin, preferably a polytertiary amine resin; and3--an aryl ketone photosensitizer.

Abstract: Homo- and copolycondensates selected from the group consisting of linear saturated polyamides, polyesters and polyester amides derived from dicarboxylic acids of formula IV ##STR1## wherein Z is a direct bond, methylene, --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CO--, --NH-- or alkylidene, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently alkyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, alkoxy, phenoxy or benzyl, and m and n are independently 0 to 3, are radiation-sensitive and are particularly suitable for the production of protective coatings and relief images.

Abstract: Polyimides which essentially consist of 0.1 to 100 mol % of at least one structural element of the formula I ##STR1## and 99.9 to 0 mol % of at least one structural element of the fomula II and/or III ##STR2## in which and Z' are a tetravalent aromatic radical, Q' is a trivalent aromatic radical, X and X' are a divalent radical of an organic amine are autophotocrosslinkable. They are suitable for the production of protective films and photographic relief images.

Abstract: A material to which there is applied a polyamic acid ester obtained from aromatic tri-or tetracarboxylic acids which contain benzophenone groups and organic diamines is suitable for producing protective coatings or relief images. After it has been irradiated, the material can be subjected to a heat treatment to convert the polyamic acid ester into the polyimide.

Abstract: An electrodepositable photosensitive modified phenolic novolak resin of general formula ##STR1## where Ar.sup.1 represents a divalent aromatic group linked through aromatic carbon atoms to the indicated groups --OR.sup.2 and --CH(R.sup.1)--,Ar.sup.2 represents a trivalent aromatic group linked through aromatic carbon atoms to the indicated groups --OR.sup.2 and --CH(R.sup.1)--,R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl or carboxyl group,R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted by a hydroxyl or alkoxy group, or a group of formula --CO--R.sup.3 --COOH, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.4, --COR.sup.5 or --SO.sub.2 R.sup.5, at least 1% of the groups R.sup.2 representing a group --CO--R.sup.3 --COOH and at least 4% of the groups R.sup.2 representing a group --SO.sub.2 R.sup.4,R.sup.3 denotes a divalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic group,R.sup.4 denotes a 1,2-benzoquinone diazide group or 1,2-naphthoquinone diazide groupR.sup.

Abstract: A new class of polymeric or polymerizable aromatic-aliphatic ketones, the preferred of which are: 2-hydroxy-2-methyl(4-vinylpropiophenone), 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-p(1-methylvinyl)propiophenone, p-vinylbenzoylcyclohexanol, p-(1-methylvinyl)benzoyl-cyclohexanol and their oligomerization and polymerization products, they being suitable for use as photoinitiators for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and prepolymers.Said ketones are produced by subjecting an aromatic substrate, preferably a monomer or oligomer of styrene type, to the following reaction cycle: polymerization - acylation - alphachlorination - nucleophilic substitution with the formation of epoxyether - hydrolysis of the epoxyether; or to other reactions as modifications or alternatives to this cycle.The ketones according to the present invention have high efficiency as photoinitiators both with regard to the useful concentration to be used and with regard to the polymerization rate.

Abstract: Polyorganosiloxanes having an average of more than two siloxane repeat units, at least one of which repeat units includes a photoinitiating group bound to the silicon atom thereof, the photoinitiating group having the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different alkyl groups or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkylene groups linked to each other so that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the carbon atom to which both are attached comprise a cycloalkyl group, and R.sup.3 is H or hydrocarbyl.Compositions of these polyorganosiloxanes and silicones or organic monomers with free radical curable groups are readily cured by irradiation with UV light.

Abstract: Photosensitive compositions of matter which are capable of undergoing condensation or addition reactions and may or may not be crosslinkable, and which contain an anthraquinone of the formula I ##STR1## in which X, X', R' and R" are as defined in patent claim 1 and X or X' is, for example, --OH or --NH.sub.2, at least one monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric compound which can be reacted with this anthraquinone, for example, if X is --OH, a polymer with terminal glycidyl groups, and, where relevant, a crosslinking agent and/or a salt of a metal of group Ib or VIII of the periodic table, are suitable for image formation by means of electroless metal deposition.

Abstract: Coated material of a support, onto which is applied a radiation-sensitive coating of a homopolymer or copolymer with at least 5 mol %, based on the polymer, of structural units of the formula I ##STR1## in which R is a divalent aliphatic radical which can be interrupted by hetero-atoms or aromatic, heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic groups, a cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic or araliphatic radical, an aromatic radical in which two aryl nuclei are linked via an aliphatic group, or an aromatic radical which is substituted by at least one alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthio, alkylthioalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, hydroxyalkylthio or aralkyl group or in which two adjacent C atoms of the aromatic radical are substituted by an alkylene group, R' independently has the same meaning as R and q is 0 or 1, and in which an aromatic radical R is not substituted by alkylene or by the abovementioned radicals if q is 0. The coating can be crosslinked directly by the effect of radiation.

Abstract: Products formed from chlorosulfonyl isocyanate either by sequentially reaction of a hydroxy functional compound followed by reaction of the sulfonyl chloride group with a primary or secondary amine, or by reaction of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate with an excess of primary or secondary amine, are cure accelerators for acrylic compositions. Depending on the choice of alcohol or amine, the accelerator may be functionalized so that it is bound or bindable to an organic or silicone polymer backbone or contains other desirable functionality such as peroxy, photosensitizer, or acrylic groups.

Abstract: Novel polymeric photocleavable photoinitiators are prepared by the hydrosilation reaction of an organosilicon hydride grafting agent which has a photoinitiating aromatic-aliphatic ketone derivative of at least one organo group, with a polymer having a plurality of unsaturated olefinic or acetylenic sites in the presence of a hydrosilation catalyst. Preferred polymers are butadiene or alkyl substituted butadiene polymers and copolymers and vinyl functional polyorganosiloxanes. The grafting agents have the formula (hv)--R.sup.8 --R.sup.5 --H wherein (hv) is a photoinitiating aromatic-aliphatic ketone group, R.sup.8 is selected from alkylene, alkenylene, alkylenoxy and oxy groups, and R.sup.5 is selected from ##STR1## the R.sup.6 groups are the same or different organo or halo groups and n is an integer.

Abstract: Novel xanthones and thioxanthones of the formula I ##STR1## in which A, X, Y, Z, E and E' are as defined in patent claim 1, are described. A is preferably --S-- and E and E' are preferably bonded in the ortho-position relative to one another. The compounds (I) are suitable, for example, as sensitizers for photocrosslinkable polymers or photocurable compositions, or for use in mixtures with polymers with H donor groups for image formation, in particular electrically conductive coatings and patterns, by means of electroless deposition of metals.

Abstract: Exposure to light or an energetic source of radiation of a mixture of a vinyl monomer or prepolymer with a photo-activatable polysilane results in the polymerization of the vinyl monomer or prepolymer.