Abstract: A heat-sensitive color developable composition contains a color developing dye, an acidic material capable of developing the dye by heating and epoxy group-modified polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: This invention relates to aqueous "multi-pack" coating compositions, that is, those which comprise at least two discrete components (or "packs") which are mixed prior to application.Prior attempts to provide an aqueous multi-pack composition have failed to provide a suitable combination of the desirable characteristics of adequate "pot-life" (the time for which the mixed components remain workable) and early development of adequate mechanical properties.The compositions of the present invention which provide such a combination consist of a number of components which together comprise a constituent having epoxide groups, a constituent comprising addition polymer in the form of an aqueous dispersion and a constituent capable of reacting with epoxide groups. In an especially preferred embodiment, the aqueous addition polymer dispersion is combined with at least one of the other constituets in the form of a multi-polymer particle dispersion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous cathodic electrocoating material which contains a synthetic resin binder containing amino and/or hydroxyl groups and capable of being rendered water-soluble by the addition of an acid. The synthetic resin binder contains a mixture of crosslinking agents, as well as pigments, fillers, corrosion inhibitors, surface coating assistants, if appropriate catalysts, and organic solvents in an amount of up to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating material. The mixture of crosslinking agents consists of at least two crosslinking agents which possess different reactivities and are based on activated esters and/or polyisocyanates blocked with different blocking agents. Different reactivities means that the crosslinking reactions begin at temperatures which are at least 10.degree. C. apart. The crosslinking reagent which reacts first is present in an amount of from 15 to 60 mol %, based on the mixture of crosslinking agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat-curable binder mixture which comprises an organic synthetic resin A and a crosslinking agent B. Said synthetic resin A can be an epoxy resin, a polyester resin or an acrylate resin having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 20,000 and at least 0.2 equivalent per 100 g of resin of primary and/or secondary amino groups and/or hydroxyl groups, and said crosslinking agent B is an organic compound having at least 2 .beta.-alkoxyalkyl ester groups per molecule.

Abstract: Heat curable coating compositions particularly suitable as coatings for metal can ends are made from aqueous dispersions of epoxy resins, acrylic resins which are copolymers of polymerizable acids and other monomers, and alkylated phenol novolac resins.

Abstract: This invention relates to ambient-curing water-based binder, coating and adhesive compositions. These compositions are prepared by mixing (1) an acidic first component containing an aqueous dispersion of polymer latex, said polymer being alkali-curable and polymerized from a monomer mixture containing quaternary ammonium monomer, and an epoxy resin, together with (2) an alkaline second component containing an amine curing reagent. The resulting mixture of the first and second components is alkaline, cures quickly at room temperature, and yields films with high film strength, durability, and excellent heat and water resistance.

Abstract: A highly reactive, water-absorptive resin is prepared by (1) impregnating a highly water-absorptive resin having carboxyl or carboxylate groups and a water content of 50 percent by weight or lower with a hydrophilic polymer or monomer having a reactive group and (2) polymerizing said monomer or crosslinking said polymer with a crosslinking agent.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a tertiary amine terminated polyether and a carboxylic acid functional polymer. The tertiary amine terminated polyether is the product of the reaction of the epoxy group of an epoxy resin with the hydroxy group of a hydroxy functional tertiary amine and the carboxylic acid functional polymer is present in an amount sufficient to render the combination water dispersible.A process for producing the aqueous dispersion is also described, together with coating compositions based on the dispersion. These coating compositions are particularly useful in the lining of metal containers for food and beverages.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are water-based coatings comprising as an essential film-former resinous blends of acid group-containing resins and modified epoxy resins which have been found to be particularly useful as electrodepositable compositions for can coatings.

Abstract: Disclosed are gelled aqueous compositions having (1)(a) a water thickening amount of an anionic or nonionic water soluble polymer in fresh water or brine solutions at a pH of greater than 10; (b) a water thickening amount of an anionic water soluble polymer having carboxylate functionality and a cellulose backbone in brine solutions at an acidic pH; or (c) a water thickening amount of (i) an anionic water soluble polymer having carboxylate functionality and a cellulose backbone or (ii) a copolymer of sodium acrylate having from about 10% to about 90% acrylate content, in brine solutions at neutral to about 10 pH; and (2) a water soluble cationic poly(diallylamine)-epichlorohydrin resin in an amount sufficient to cause gelation and form the gelled composition. The compositions are useful in the recovery of oil and gas by fracturing and as a matrix plugging agent in enhanced oil recovery.

Abstract: Optically clear soft contact lenses of a polyoxirane crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol having a weight average molecular weight of at least 8,000 and degree of hydrolysis of at least 93% and their preparation are disclosed. The materials are characterized by their ability to be boiling water sterilized, and their high water content, high oxygen permeability and high optical clarity.

Abstract: A method of forming an aqueous emulsion laminating adhesive having an extended pot life is disclosed in which monoethylenically unsaturated monomers are polymerized to form a copolymer having a glass transition temperature in the range of about -10.degree. C. to about -50.degree. C. The polymerization is carried out in aqueous emulsion in the presence of emulsified epoxy resin in an amount of from about 2% to about 60%, based on the weight of the monomers which are copolymerized. An aqueous emulsion of amine-functional resin is then mixed into aqueous emulsion containing copolymer and epoxy resin formed by the aqueous emulsion copolymerization to provide a weight ratio of amino hydrogen atoms to oxirane groups of from about 0.1 to about 1.0.

Abstract: Non-gelled compositions containing hydroxy ester copolymer having carboxyl groups and substantially free of oxirane groups and the method of making them are disclosed which are the esterification reaction product of(A) acidic addition copolymer; and(B) epoxy resin including aromatic polyether containing oxirane groups in which the epoxy resin comprises at least 50% of the total resin solids and contains insufficient oxirane groups to react with all of the carboxyl groups in the copolymer; in which esterification is conducted after treatment of the addition copolymer with amine in an amount sufficient to neutralize at least 5% of the carboxyl group in the copolymer. The resulting composition is neutralized with amine, is self-emulsifiable in water and is useful for coatings, e.g., for cans.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a copolymer comprising:(A) from 20 to 90 percent by weight of an unsaturated carboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 are hydrogen, alkyl, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOM and M is a proton or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or an ammonium cation, and(B) from 10 to 80 percent of at least one other comonomer different from and copolymerizable with A; methods of making a ready-to-use foundry molding sand by mixing such a dispersion with sand; and such ready-to-use foundry molding sands.

Abstract: An aqueous coating composition which comprises a carboxy group-containing resin powder (I), a basic compound (II) and an aqueous resin (III), optionally with a reactive compound (IV) to at least one of the resin powder (I) and the aqueous resin (III), in an aqueous medium, the basic compound (II) being contained in an amount of 0.4 to 1.2 equivalents to the carboxy group in the resin powder (I) so as to disperse the resin powder (I) into the aqueous medium and the weight proportion of the resin powder (I) and the aqueous resin (III) being from 2:98 to 98:2. The coating composition thus obtained is excellent in storage stability and workability and can provide a coating film having good performances.

Abstract: Disclosed are carboxylic acid containing polymeric microgel particles which are prepared by polymerizing in aqueous emulsion a monomer mixture containing about 10-50% by weight of polymerizable carboxylic acid monomers, up to 5% of a difunctional crosslinking monomer and one or more carboxyl-free relatively water insoluble polymerizable vinyl monomers. The resulting microgel particles are water-swellable and may be employed as stabilizers for use in the preparation of aqueous dispersions of film-forming resins containing smaller amounts of organic solvents than conventional aqueous dispersions of this type. Such dispersions are useful as coating compositions, yielding coatings having less water sensitivity and improved adhesion as compared with coatings obtained from conventional aqueous dispersions of film-forming resins.

Abstract: Disclosed are carboxylic acid containing polymeric microgel particles which are prepared by polymerizing in aqueous emulsion a monomer mixture containing about 10-50% by weight of polymerizable carboxylic acid monomers, up to 5% of a difunctional crosslinking monomer and one or more carboxyl-free relatively water insoluble polymerizable vinyl monomers. The resulting microgel particles are water-swellable and may be employed as stabilizers for use in the preparation of aqueous dispersions of film-forming resins containing smaller amounts of organic solvents than conventional aqueous dispersions of this type. Such dispersions are useful as coating compositions, yielding coatings having less water sensitivity and improved adhesion as compared with coatings obtained from conventional aqueous dispersions of film-forming resins.

Abstract: A washcoat composition suitable for application to tin-plated mild steel consists of an aqueous carrier medium and a binder comprising specified relative proportions of (A) a thermosetting acrylic polymer in the form of a sterically stabilized dispersion in the aqueous medium and (B) an epoxy resin, the composition additionally containing an acid catalyst, in particular phosphoric acid or chromic acid or an ammonium or amine salt thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are carboxylic acid containing polymeric microgel particles which are prepared by polymerizing in aqueous emulsion a monomer mixture containing about 10-50% by weight of polymerizable carboxylic acid monomers, up to 5% of a difunctional crosslinking monomer and one or more carboxyl-free relatively water insoluble polymerizable vinyl monomers. The resulting microgel particles are water-swellable and may be employed as stabilizers for use in the preparation of aqueous dispersions of film-forming resins containing smaller amounts of organic solvents than conventional aqueous dispersions of this type. Such dispersions are useful as coating compositions, yielding coatings having less water sensitivity and improved adhesion as compared with coatings obtained from conventional aqueous dispersions of film-forming resins.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water-based thermosetting epoxy composition of a water compatible epoxy resin, about 5 to about 35%, based on a total solids, of a water compatible impact modifier, about 1.5 to about 7%, based on the weight of the epoxy resin, of a water compatible epoxy hardener, up to about 0.3%, based on the weight of the epoxy resin, of a catalyst, and sufficient water to provide a viscosity of about 100 to about 500 centipoises. The impact modifier is a copolymer of about 10 to about 60% ethylene, propylene, or mixtures thereof, and about 40 to about 90% vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, or mixtures thereof. Also disclosed are laminates prepared from this composition and a method of preparing them.

Abstract: A self-curing water dispersed copolymer particularly useful for coatings for interiors of beverage containers comprises a self-curing water dispersed copolymer of polymerized ethylenic monomers, including alkylol acrylamide monomer and functional monomer, produced by copolymerizing the monomers in the presence of an epoxy phosphate additive.

Abstract: Conventional carboxylated neoprene latex adhesives are improved with respect to their metal adhesion, heat and water resistance and bonding range by the addition thereto of an epoxy resin, preferably an epoxy resin prepared by the reaction of para-aminophenol with epichlorohydrin.

Abstract: An improved, stabilized container coating composition of an amine solubilized hydrosol resin solution of:(a) an acrylic-poly(vinyl acetal) co-resin having a number average molecular weight above 10,000 and a glass transition temperature of -20.degree. C. to +60.degree. C.;(b) an epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 300 to 8,000; and on the average 2 or less than 2 epoxy groups per molecule; and(c) an aminoplast, a phenolplast resin, or combination thereof.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion composition is described, which is prepared by uniformly mixing (A) a mixture of aromatic compounds having an average of at least 0.5 epoxy groups and from 0.1 to 1.5 acryloyl or methacryloyl groups in the molecule, and (B) at least one ethylenic monomer, and then polymerizing the mixture. In other embodiments, the composition can contain a polyamine-based hardener, and additionally, a resin, e.g., a phenol resin and a terpene resin. This composition has excellent storage stability and can provide a coating film having excellent water resistance, heat resistance, and adhesiveness.

Abstract: A method for reducing extractable constituents of an undesirable monomer in compositions which comprise an ionic polymer and an addition polymer of the undesired monomer which comprises conducting an addition polymerization in the presence of the undesired monomer with another monomer which is copolymerizable therewith and which results in a less undesirable residue or a residue which is more easily removable, is disclosed.

Abstract: The metal adhesion and heat and water resistance of conventional neoprene latex adhesives are improved by the addition thereto of a polyfunctional amine and an epoxy resin wherein for every 100 parts by weight of dry neoprene, the epoxy is added in an amount of 10-40 parts and the amine is added in an amount sufficient to provide 50-150% of the stoichiometric amount required to cure the epoxy.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aqueous coating resin composition to be applied to a metal substrate, particularly an inner surface of a metal can or can closure on which an undercoating layer is formed.

Abstract: A water dispersible coating composition is prepared by reacting together at elevated temperature in the presence of an amine 40 to 90% by weight of an epoxy resin composition of average epoxy functionality 1.0 to 2.0 epoxide groups per molecule and 10 to 60% by weight of a polymer containing carboxylic acid groups. The ratio of carboxylic acid groups to epoxide groups is 1.5:1 to 20:1. The reaction is carried out in a mixture of a water miscible organic solvent with 5 to 30% of water based on the combined weight of epoxy resin and polymer containing carboxylic acids groups. A coating composition in the form of a stable dispersion is produced by mixing the water dispersible coating composition prepared as described above with a base and sufficient water to form a predominantly aqueous continuous phase.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions suitable for sanitary can coatings comprising the neutralized water dispersible ionic polymer product of the reaction of an epoxy resin with acid polymer, and a different resin which is not necessarily self-dispersible in water, as well as several methods of preparing such compositions, are disclosed. The second resin which is not necessarily self-dispersible in water is introduced either preformed at any stage or is prepared, in situ, in the presence of the epoxy resin esterified with acid polymer either before the ionic epoxy resin-acid polymer product is dispersed in water. The epoxy resin-acid polymer product acts as a polymeric surfactant capable of keeping even a normally non self-dispersible second polymer in stable dispersion in water.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing epoxy acrylate dispersions from the reaction product of an epoxy resin and carboxyl containing polymer in the presence of tertiary amine in which the carboxyl containing polymer is formed, in situ, in the presence of a solvent solution of the epoxy resin and then subjected to the esterification reaction which can be conducted in a single pot.

Abstract: Water-borne reaction products of (a) carboxyl-functional polymers; (b) polyepoxides; and (c) tertiary amines are blended with (d) carboxyl-functional polymers having an acid number dissimilar to that of (a). The resulting products are useful as film-forming components of coating compositions which can be spray-, flow-, dip-, roller-, or electro-coated and are especially useful for spray coating the inside of two-piece tin-plated steel cans of beverages and food. The coating compositions are useful as such or can be crosslinked with crosslinking agents such as a nitrogen resin.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of fluorocarbon polymers in combination with the water-borne reaction product of (a) carboxyl-functional polymers, (b) polyepoxides and (c) tertiary amines are provided. Such dispersions can be applied to a variety of substrates by either conventional coating techniques or electrodeposition, and provide coatings that exhibit excellent release properties and high lubricity.

Abstract: A durable antisoiling coating composition for textile filaments comprises a perfluoroalkyl ester of a citric acid urethane and fluorinated alcohols in combination with a modified epoxy resin which is the reaction product of a carboxyl-functional vinyl polymer, an epoxy resin and a tertiary amine. The composition can be applied as an aqueous dispersion, including a non-ionic textile lubricant based on poly(ethylene glycol).

Abstract: Amphoteric amino sulfonate derivatives of epoxy resins having at least one terminal group of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or substituted alkyl, and R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene or substituted alkylene, which are reaction products of an epoxy resin having a plurality of terminal groups of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined, with an amino sulfonate of the formula:R.sub.3 --NH--R.sub.4 --SO.sub.3 Mwherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are as defined, and M is a cation.

Abstract: A laminating and coating adhesive based on an aqueous dispersion of(1) a copolymer of a vinyl ester, and/or an acrylic acid ester, and/or a further monomer and an ethylenically-unsaturated functional group-containing monomer having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms and hydroxy and carbonyl groups as functional groups, such as a monocarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid and/or N-methylol-(meth)-acrylamide,(2) an epoxy compound, and(3) an amine hardener.The adhesive gives a laminate bond with especially high resistance to peeling even in the case of thermal stress and/or in the presence of water.

Abstract: The metal adhesion and heat and water resistance of conventional neoprene latex adhesives are improved by the addition thereto of a polyamine and an epoxy resin wherein for every 100 parts by weight of dry neoprene, the epoxy is added in an amount of 10-40 parts and the amine is added in an amount sufficient to provide 50-150% of the stoichiometric amount required to cure the epoxy.

Abstract: A sizing composition for use in a process of producing sized glass fiber strands that can be used in reinforcing polymers is provided. Also provided are the sized glass fiber strands, glass fiber reinforced polymers and processes for producing these materials. The sizing composition comprises one or more organo silane coupling agents, a major amount of the solids of the aqueous sizing composition is an epoxidized polar thermoplastic copolymer where there are three to about twelve parts of epoxy per 100 parts of the other comonomer and one or more nonionic, cationic or anionic lubricants. The sizing composition can also have one or more compatibilizing agents such as a polyvinyl-acetate-ethylene copolymer unsaturated polyester resins, polyvinylacetate homopolymer, epoxy polymers and epoxy polyester copolymers. The comonomers for the epoxidized polar thermoplastic copolymer are vinyl acetate, acrylates, polyurethane condensate monomer, polyester condensate monomer, and polyamide condensate monomer.

Abstract: Non-gelled compositions containing hydroxy ester copolymer having carboxyl groups and substantially free of oxirane groups are disclosed which are the esterification reaction product of(a) acidic addition copolymer; and(b) a polyepoxide which has been partially defunctionalized by reaction with carboxyl containing polybutadiene polymer. The resulting composition is neutralized with amine, is self-emulsifiable in water and is useful for coatings.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of fluorocarbon polymers in combination with the water-borne reaction product of (a) carboxyl-functional polymers, (b) polyepoxides and (c) tertiary amines are provided. Such dispersions can be applied to a variety of substrates by either conventional coating techniques or electrodeposition, and provide coatings that exhibit excellent release properties and high lubricity.

Abstract: Sizing composition for glass fibers, method of making same, method of making sized glass fibers and sized glass fibers are provided to have improved sized glass fibers for use in thermosetting molding compounds. The improved sized glass fibers are produced with improved processability and have good handling characteristics and give improved properties to thermosetting molding compounds.The sizing composition is an aqueous sizing composition having water soluble or dispersible, liquid epoxy resin, melamine formaldehyde condensate, polyamide resin and thermoplastic plasticizing agent, and one or more silane coupling agents.The method of preparing the sizing composition involves adding the melamine formaldehyde condensate and polyamide resin before the addition of or in the presence of the epoxy resin.The sized glass fibers are in contact with dried residue of the epoxy resin, melamine formaldehyde-polyamide reaction product, thermoplastic plasticizing agent and one or more silane coupling agents.

Abstract: A silica complex composition suitable for the surface treatment of metals is disclosed, which comprises a water dispersible silica, an organic polymer soluble or dispersible in water and a di- or trialkoxy (or alkoxy-alkoxy) silane compound.

Abstract: New mixtures of components comprising (A) reaction products of (a) 1.0 epoxy group equivalent of a diglycidyl ether, (b) 0.2 to 5.0 amino group equivalents of a polyalkylenepolyaminoamide obtained from (b') a polymerised, unsaturated fatty acid and (b") an aliphatic polyalkylenepolyamine, (c) 0 to 0.6 amino group equivalent of a primary fatty amine and (d) 0 to 1.0 mol of an epihalogenohydrin, these reaction products being converted into the salt form by adding acid, and (B) a homopolymer of styrene or a copolymer of styrene or acrylonitrile and an alkyl acrylate or methacrylate, which mixtures of components can be used as paper sizes and as textile treatment agents.