Abstract: Certain thermoplastic additives that induce simultaneous low clarity and high nucleation efficacy are provided. Such additives include combinations of certain bicyclic salts (which by themselves induce very high nucleation efficacy) and certain benzylidene sorbitol acetals and derivatives (hereinafter collectively referred to as “DBSs”)(which alone provide very low haze measurements and thus highly desirable clarity characteristics). In comparison, other types of standard thermoplastic nucleators, such as sodium benzoate and sodium 2,2′-methylene-bis-(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate provide relatively high peak crystallization temperatures, but do not combine synergistically with DBSs to provide the same results as for the inventive combination of bicyclic salts and DBSs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of the naphthopyran type which have an annelated carbocycle in position 5,6. These compounds are of formula (I) given below: in which A is an alicyclic ring which is optionally annelated with an aromatic ring and in which two adjacent R3 can together form at least one ring, for example a benzo group. These compounds (I) possess interesting photochromic properties. The invention also relates to the method of preparing these compounds (I), as well as their applications as photochromes and compositions and (co)polymer matrices comprising them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel naphthopyran-type compounds, annelated in position C5-C6 by an indene- or dihydronaphthalene-type carbocycle, which are of the formulae (I) and (II) given below: These compounds (I) and (II) have interesting photochromic properties. The invention also relates to their preparation, to their applications as photochromes, as well as to the compositions and (co)polymer matrices containing them.

Abstract: Described is a stabilizer composition comprising a 3-arylacrylic ester, a polymeric compound having a molecular weight of at least 2000 which carries, on a polymeric framework, side groups having secondary amine functions, all substituents positioned to the amine nitrogen being other than hydrogen, a chroman derivative, and an organic phosphite and/or phosphonite. The stabilizer composition is particularly suitable for stabilizing thermoplastic polyurethane against light, oxygen and heat.

Abstract: Flexible, semi-rigid, and rigid vinyl chloride polymer compositions comprising a latent mercaptan-containing heat stabilizer are substantially free from the offensive odor typically associated with mercaptans and are protected during processing by the degradation products of the latent (i.e., blocked) mercaptan which include a free mercaptan. The free mercaptan thus released enhances the activity of metallic-based heat stabilizers such as zinc carboxylates and organotin carboxylates and mercaptides in the polymer composition. Other products of the degradation are believed to include carbocations of the blocking moiety which are stabilized by a molecular structure in which the electron deficiency is shared by several groups. The latent mercaptan is selected from the group consisting of a 2-S-(tetrahydropyranyl)-thioalkanol, a carboxylic acid ester thereof, a 2-S-(tetrahydropyranyl)-thioglycolic acid, and an ester thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to naphthopyrans, particularly 3,3-[substituted]-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans and 2,2-[substituted]-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans and particularly to novel substitution on the 3-position and 2-position, respectively, of these naphthopyrans. It has been found that there are classes and types of substitution on the 3-position and 2-position (especially combinations of 3,3-substitution and 2,2-substitution) which are novel. Some of these substitutions provide particularly desirable properties.

Abstract: The present invention deals with a novel photochromic organic material, the use of at least one plasticizer for the preparation of said novel material, said preparation and photochromic articles constituted wholly or in part of said novel material. The intervening plasticizer, advantageously a phthalate, is according to a variant simply dispersed in the polymer matrix, or, according to another variant, chemically bound to said polymer matrix. Said novel material possesses remarkable photochromic properties together with interesting optical and mechanical properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stabilizer composition for organic polymer material containing (a) 6-hydroxychroman compound, a phosphorus antioxidant and (c) phenolic antioxidant, wherein the component (a) is contained in a proportion of 0.5 wt %-10 wt % and the total amount of the component (b) and the component (c) is in a proportion of 99.5 wt %-90 wt %, of the total amount of the components (a), (b) and (c). The present invention also relates to an organic polymer material composition containing an organic polymer and the above-mentioned stabilizer composition for organic polymer material. The use of the stabilizer composition of the present invention as a stabilizer for organic polymer materials affords an industrially extremely useful stabilized organic polymer material composition superior in heat stability during processing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation in a reactor of a UHMWPE material doped with an antioxidant, preferably vitamin E.

Abstract: Described are organic photochromic imbibition compositions that incorporate kinetic enhancing additive(s). Kinetic enhancing additives include epoxy-containing compounds, organic polyols and/or plasticizers that improve the performance of organic photochromic compounds as determined in the Photochromic Performance Test. Also described is a process for incorporating kinetic enhancing additives into polymeric substrates with organic photochromic compounds and the resulting photochromic articles produced by such a process.

Abstract: Compositions comprising halogen-containing polymers such as PVC resins are stabilized against heat by a synergistic combination of a free mercaptan and a metal-based stabilizer and/or a Lewis acid such as zinc chloride.

Abstract: A polybutadiene composition comprising a polybutadiene type polymer and a compound represented by the following formula (I): 1

Abstract: Described are novel reversible photochromic naphthopyran compounds, examples of which are compounds having a cycloalkyl ester substituent at the number 5 carbon atom and optionally certain substituents at the number 6 carbon atom of the naphtho portion of the naphthopyran and certain substituents at the 2-position of the pyran ring. Substituents may also be present at the number 7, 8, 9 or 10 carbon atoms of the naphtho portion of the naphthopyran. These compounds may be represented by the following graphic formulae: Also described are various substrates, e.g., paper, glass, organic polymeric materials, etc., that contain or that are coated with such compounds. Optically clear articles such as ophthalmic lenses or other plastic transparencies that incorporate the novel naphthopyran compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., certain other naphthopyrans, indenonaphthopyrans, benzopyrans, oxazine-type compounds, etc., are also described.

Abstract: A photochromic compound having a high color-developing sensitivity, a large fading rate and good durability of photochromic property. A novel chromene compound is, for example, represented by the following formula, and in which, as a basic structure, a condensed ring having a particular divalent group bonded to carbon atoms at the fourth and fifth positions of a fluoreno group is spiro-bonded to the first position of an indene ring, a particular divalent group is bonded to carbon atoms at the fifth and sixth positions of a chromene ring to form a condensed ring, and particular substituents are bonded to a carbon atom at the second position of the chromene ring.

Abstract: A hydrophilic coating having excellent hydrophilicity, which can prevent offensive odor generation, and which has a good antibacterial performance and formability, is formed on an aluminum-containing metal material by coating an aqueous hydrophilization treating liquid containing (A) a glycidyl group-containing, water-soluble organic compound; (B) a water-soluble polymeric or polymerizable compound having a tert-amino group and at least one hydrophilic functional group selected from sulfonic, phosphonic, carboxyl, polyalkyleneglycol, hydroxyl and amide groups; and (C) an antibacterial agent not decomposing at 100° C. or lower, on an aluminum-containing metal material; and heat-drying the coated liquid.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is a photochromic composition incorporating: +2-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-7,9-dimethoxy-[2H]-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran (compound (I)), and +3-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-6-morpholino-3H-naphtho-[2,1-b]pyran (compound (II)). The invention also relates to said compounds (I) and (II) per se, (co)polymer matrices containing same, advantageously in a mixture, as well as finished products constituted wholly or in part of such matrices and/or containing one and/or the other of said compounds (I) and (II).

Abstract: The present invention relates to photochromic [3H]naphtho[2,1-b]pyran compounds containing an acetylenic substituent, process for their manufacture, and photochromic materials and articles obtained therefrom. The invention, in some specific aspects, relates to photochromic compounds having a [3H]naphtho-[2,1-b]pyran structure and bearing an acetylenic group in one of the positions 7 to 10 of the naphthopyran ring structure.

Abstract: A method of producing a thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester having an extremely small amount of out-gases comprising the steps of: (1) charging in a reactor 5-100 mol % of aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid, 0-47.5 mol % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid and 0-47.5 mol % of aromatic diol, so that the sum of mol % of each material is 100 mol % and the mol % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid and that of aromatic diol are substantially equal; (2) adding acetic anhydride of an amount which satisfies the formula, (B−C)/A≧1.04, “A” representing the total molar number of the hydroxy group in a reaction system, “B” representing the molar number of acetic anhydride to be added, and “C” representing the molar number of water present in the reaction system prior to addition of acetic anhydride; (3) acetylation; (4) melt polymerization; and (5) solid-phase polymerization.

Abstract: Adhesive compositions are rendered stable against degradation caused by ultraviolet light through the incorporation of a highly soluble, photostable benzotriazole UV absorber which is substituted in the ortho position of the hydroxyphenyl ring by &agr;-cumyl or phenyl. Examples of such compounds are 2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 5-chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 5-fluoro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 5-chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole and 5-fluoro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole. These compounds exhibit excellent photostability and are highly soluble in adhesive formulations.

Abstract: A composition comprising: (a) polyethylene; (b) as a scorch inhibitor, alpha-tocopherol in an amount of at least about 0.08 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of polyethylene; (c) optionally, a cure booster; and (d) an organic peroxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides method of molding a polyolefin-based resin comprising the steps of dissolving at least one dibenzylidene sorbitol compound in a molten polyolefin resin, cooling the molten resin to a temperature not higher than the sol-gel transition temperature during the cooling cycle to form network-like crystals of the dibenzylidene sorbitol compound, and molding the resulting resin composition at a temperature not lower than the melting temperature of the polyolefin-based resin but not higher than the sol-gel transition temperature during the heating cycle; and a polyolefin resin molded article obtainable by this molding method.

Abstract: The leveling of a floor polish composition can be improved by adding coumarin and/or a coumarin derivative thereto in an amount of from 0.05 to 10% by weight of polymer solids in said composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to transparent, photochromic or nonphotochromic organic materials, which have a refractive index higher than 1.55 and which are free of optical distortions, consisting of a copolymer of: (a) 50-90 wt. % of at least one monomer represented by the formula, in which R═H or CH3, and m and n are independently 1 or 2; (b) 10-30 wt. % of at least one aromatic monovinyl monomer represented by formula, R1═H or CH3; and (c) 1-20 wt. % of at least one (meth)acrylic monomer represented by formula, CH2=C(R)—COOR′ in which R═H or CH3 R′ is a straight-chain or branched C4 to C16 alkyl radical, an alkylaryl radical, or a polyoxyethoxylated group with formula —(CH2—CH2O)nR″ in which n=1 to 10 and R″═CH3 or C2H5. Optionally, the photochromic material may contain up to 10 wt. % of at least one photochromic coloring agent to impart desired photochromic properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel naphthopyrans having a cyclic group annelated in position 6,7. These naphthopyrans have formula (I) given below: These compounds (I) have advantageous photochromic properties. The invention also covers a method of preparing these naphthopyrans, as well as their applications as photochromes and compositions and (co)polymers matrices comprising them.

Abstract: Photochromic diaryl-2H-naphthopyran structures, which dye photochromically well at room temperature, lighten up quickly when incorporated into ophthalmic lenses, possess longevity, and due to their special structure, have a reduced tendency of the molecules to migrate in plastics.

Abstract: Coating compositions and coated substrates with the cured coatings of at least one curable film-forming resinous material along with an effective degassing amount of a material having the structure: and dimer derivatives thereof wherein R and R′ are the same or different and are primary alkyl groups with 1 to 6 carbon atoms including methyl or an aromatic group containing at least one heteroatom. Coating compositions like powder coating compositions have the resinous material and material of Structure I and/or dimer derivatives thereof along with one or more crosslinking agents. Optionally, the coating composition like a powder coating can have pigment(s), flow control agent(s), microcrystalline wax(es), light stabilizing agent(s), and/or antioxidant(s) and the like.

Abstract: A diphosphite is provided derived from phosphorous trihalide, tetra alkyl hindered bisphenol, and a neoalkyl diol. The phosphites exhibit improved stability and are useful as thermal oxidative stabilizers for thermoplastic compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel photochromic polyurethane consisting essentially of an isocyanate reactive mixture consisting essentially of: i) from about 40 to about 85% by weight of one or more polyols having a nominal functionality of from 2 to 4 and molecular weights of from 500 to 6000 g/mole; ii) from about 15 to about 60% by weight of one or more diols or triols or mixtures thereof having a functionality of from 2 to 3 and molecular weights of from 62 to 499; b) an aliphatic polyisocyanate having a functionality ranging from about 2 to about 3; and c) a photochromic compound selected from a group consisting of spirooxazines, fulgides, fulgimides, and naphthopyrans, wherein the photochromic compound is present in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts per hundred parts by weight of the isocyanate reactive mixture.

Abstract: Described are novel photochromic polymerizable polyalkoxylated naphthopyran compounds, examples of which are certain 2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans, 3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans and indeno[2,1-f]naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans each having at least one polyalkoxylated substituent of from 1 to 50 alkoxy units per substituent which is end-capped with a polymerizable group. Specific substituents are also present on the naphtho, indeno and pyrano portions of the compounds. These compounds may be represented by the following graphic formulae: ##STR1## Also described are various substrates, e.g., paper, glass, polymeric organic materials, etc., that contain or that are coated with such compounds. Optically clear articles such as contact lenses or other plastic transparencies that incorporate the novel naphthopyran compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., certain other naphthopyrans, indenonaphthopyrans, benzopyrans, oxazine-type compounds, etc., are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to photochromic compounds of general formula (I), in which: R3 and R5 are C1-C6 alkoxy groups and the rest of the R groups represent various substituents.

Abstract: Solid form of a stabilizer for organic polymers consisting of one or more tocopherols, as such or in formulation, absorbed on porous polypropylene with a high crystallinity, in a quantity ranging from 30% to 85% by weight. The above tocopherols, as such or in formulation, can also be used in a mixture with other stabilizers such as, for example, secondary antioxidants containing phosphorous or sulfur, sterically hindered phenols and sterically hindered amines.

Abstract: A capillary electrophoresis system and method of electrokinetically loading a capillary electrophoresis sample into a separation medium in a capillary tube in which an entangled polymer matrix is formed having the sample embedded therein. The matrix has a mesh size effective to retard movement of macromolecules such as DNA sequencing templates through the matrix when an electric field is applied across the matrix. The entangled polymer matrix is formed by a linear polymer having a molecular weight of at least 20K Daltons. Furthermore, the invention includes stable denaturants useful for the electrophoresis of nucleic acids.

Abstract: Polyolefin pipes, and particularly gas pipe, in which the olefin polymer has been nucleated with from 1,500 to 10,000 ppm based on the weight of the polyolefin of a nucleating agent which is a dibenzylidene derivative of sorbitol or xylitol have an improved long term hydrostatic strength.

Abstract: This invention provides hexagonal crystals of a diacetal represented by the formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon, atoms or a halogen atom, each of m and n is an integer of 0 to 2 and p is 0 or 1, a nucleating agent comprising the diacetal of the formula (1), wherein part or the whole of the diacetal is in the form of hexagonal crystals, a polyolefin resin composition and a molded product each comprising a polyolefin resin and the nucleating agent, and a method for molding the polyolefin resin composition.According to the invention, the occurrence of fish eyes and coloration in a molded product can be prevented, the optical, mechanical and thermal properties of the molded product are superior and the molding cycle is shortened.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polycarbonate resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin; 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a compound containing oxymethylene unit, a compound containing oxymethylene unit having substituent or a cyclic ether compound having substituent.

Abstract: An aqueous coating composition having extended open time is provided. The aqueous coating composition includes an emulsion polymer, the polymer including a copolymerized ethylenically-unsaturated monomer having a pendant group selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate, and cyanoacetamide; a polyether monoamine or polyether diamine having primary or secondary amino functionality; and an alkyl polyglycoside. And a method for extending the open time of an aqueous coating composition by forming the composition and applying the composition to a substrate is also provided.

Abstract: Photochromic diaryl-2H-naphthopyran structures, which dye photochromically well at room temperature, lighten up quickly when incorporated into ophthalmic lenses, possess longevity, and due to their spacial structures, have a reduced tendency of the molecules to migrate in plastics.

Abstract: The invention relates to photochromic transparent organic materials presenting an index of refraction of more than 1.55, which are free of optical distortions and are prepared by radical polymerization of a polymerizable composition comprising:a) 80-95 wt % of at least one monomer represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## where R=H or CH.sub.3, and m and n are independently 1 or 2; b) 5-20 wt % of at least one aromatic monovinyl monomer represented by the general formula (II): ##STR2## c) an effective quantity of at least one dye that imparts photochromic properties to the material, selected from the groups of spiroxazines, spiropyrans and chromenes;d) an effective quantity of a chain transfer agent; ande) an effective quantity of a radical polymerization initiator, characterized in that the chain transfer agent is a linear alkanethiol and the radical polymerization initiator is a diazo compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermoplastic molding compositions consisting ofA) 98-99.995% by weight, based on A+B, of at least one acrylonitrile-containing polymer, andB) 0.005-2% by weight, based on A+B, of .alpha.-tocopherol.The invention also relates to a method for reducing the formation of residual monomers on thermal stress and shearing of the thermoplastic molding compositions by adding .alpha.-tocopherol.

Abstract: A thermoplastic molding composition is disclosed comprising (A) at least one resinous component selected from the group consisting of (i) a homogeneous blend of polycarbonate resin and polycaprolactone and (ii) a copoly(carbonate-lactone) copolymer, and (B) at least one compound selected from a group consisting of benzopyrans, naphthopyrans, spirobenzopyrans, spironaphthopyrans, spirobenzoxazines, spironaphthoxazines, fulgides and fulgimides. The composition which contains the photochromic compound at an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 parts per hundred parts of weight of said (A) exhibits good photochromic properties.

Abstract: Modifying agents for polyolefins enhance nucleation and crystallization of the polyolefins and provide improved optical and/or physical properties. The modifying agents are compounds of formulas (I) and (II): or a salt thereof, wherein X, Y, R1, R2, R3 and R4 and R8 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Described are novel photochromic indeno-fused naphthopyran compounds, examples of which are naphthopyran compounds having a substituted or unsubstituted indeno group, the 2,1 positions of which are fused to the f side of the naphtho portion of the naphthopyran, and having certain substituents at the 3-position of the pyran ring. Certain substituents may also be present at the number 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13 carbon atoms of the compounds. These compounds may be represented by the following graphic formula: ##STR1## Also described are polymeric organic host materials that contain or that are coated with such compounds. Optically clear articles such as ophthalmic lenses or other plastic transparencies that incorporate the novel naphthopyran compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., certain other naphthopyrans, benzopyrans and spiro(indoline)type compounds, are also described.

Abstract: Describes a method of preparing a polymerizate by polymerizing a two-component organic composition comprising: a first component containing a polyfunctional reactant having two or more functional groups selected from isocyanate, isothiocyanate and combinations of isocyanate and isothiocyanate groups; and a second component containing a polythiol represented by the following general formula I, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each selected from the group consisting of straight or branched chain alkylene, e.g., methylene and ethylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene and C.sub.1 -C.sub.9 alkyl substituted phenylene. The second component may also optionally contain a reactive hydrogen compound that is different than the polythiol of general formula I. Polymerizates prepared according to the present invention are useful as ophthalmic lenses and have a refractive index of at least 1.57, an Abbe number of at least 33 and an initial Barcol hardness of at least 1.

Abstract: Described are novel photochromic 8-substituted fluoranthenopyran compounds having certain substituents at the 5 position of the pyran ring. These compounds may be represented by the following graphic formula: ##STR1## Also described are polymeric organic host materials that contain or that are coated with such compounds.

Abstract: Elastomer films in which active chemical substances, such as corrosion inhibitors, lubricants or biocides for medical use are uniformly dispersed in the form of gel inclusions, processes for preparation and applications of these films.The elastomer film contains at least one active chemical substance in the form of a phase which is dispersed in the elastomer, wherein the disperse phase is in the form of a gel, reversible or irreversible, as a function of temperature, and filled with an active chemical substance.

Abstract: A light conducting plate for back lighting which comprises a methacrylic copolymer resin comprising 90 to 99.5% by weight of a methyl methacrylate unit and 0.5 to 10% by weight of an alkyl acrylate unit containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety thereof and having a reduced viscosity of 35 to 60 ml/g in chloroform, the chromaticity of said light conducting plate having x and y color coordinates both ranging from 0.01 to 0.001 as obtained according to JIS-Z-8701.

Abstract: There is provided by the present invention methods for preparing coating formulations and thermal transfer ribbons which provide images of high resolution by thermal transfer printing. The formulations contain an incompatible resin or wax component for reduced cohesiveness between the components of the thermal transfer layer. These methods employ thermoplastic resins and waxes with distinct solubility in the absence of solvent to reduce cohesion but are sufficiently compatible as to exhibit film forming properties. A method for modifying a coating formulation is also provided where an incompatible resin or wax components is added thereto.

Abstract: A liner composition for a potable fluid container closure element which includes an inorganic sulfite such as sodium sulfite and/or a tocopherol compound such as dl-.alpha.-tocopherol (vitamin E) for preventing off-flavors due to the presence of aldehydes in the fluid. Also, a potable fluid container of a reservoir element for containing a potable fluid, the reservoir element having an opening, a closure element capable of being attached to the opening, and the liner composition associated with the closure element. Also, a method of improving the taste of a potable fluid such as bottled water by use of the container and one of the previously described liner compositions associated therewith. Also, an improved method for processing the composition into closure liners based upon the prevention of the development of off-flavor-causing substances therein.

Abstract: A rubber composition for a tire, comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid and derivatives thereof, tocopherols, and citric acid and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A liner composition for a potable fluid container closure element which includes an inorganic sulfite such as sodium sulfite and/or a tocopherol compound such as a dl-.alpha.-tocopherol (vitamin E) for preventing off-flavors due to the presence of aldehydes in the fluid. Also, a potable fluid container of a reservoir element for containing a potable fluid, the reservoir element having an opening, a closure element capable of being attached to the opening, and the liner composition associated with the closure element. Also, a method of improving the taste of a potable fluid such as bottled water by use of the container and one of the previously described liner compositions associated therewith. Also, an improved method for processing the composition into closure liners based upon the prevention of the development of off-flavor-causing substances therein.