Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the preparation of flocculated filler particles, wherein at least two aqueous suspensions of at least one filler material and at least one flocculating additive are combined.

Abstract: An example of an ink composition includes a pigment, an anionic polymeric dispersant, polyurethane, a co-solvent, a surfactant, tristyrylphenol ethoxylate, and a balance of water. The tristyrylphenol ethoxylate is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt % to about 2 wt % of a total wt % of the ink composition.

Abstract: Hyper-branched biodegradable polymers are produced by melt processing biodegradable polymers with a branching agent at temperatures that promote free radical reactions between the biodegradable polymer and the branching agent. The biodegradable compositions have an excellent balance of mechanical properties and are suitable for flame retardant applications.

Abstract: A composite material comprises a reinforcing material carried in a polymer matrix material which is the polymerization product of a polymerizable composition comprising a di-activated vinyl compound, with the proviso that the di-activated vinyl compound is not a cyanoacrylate. The reinforcing materials may be a wide variety of substrates including thermally sensitive materials. Exemplary composites can be molded and cured at ambient temperatures. Also disclosed are laminate materials having layered materials adhered by curing a di-activated vinyl polymerizable composition.

Abstract: A hybrid polymer composition and a method for forming it is provided, comprising a first part A comprising a polyurethane catalyst and an aldehyde resin pre-polymer and a second part B comprising a polyisocyanate pre-polymer and an aldehyde resin cure accelerator. Methods are also provided for forming a composite with a two part hybrid polymer composition and a fibrous web material.

Abstract: A composite material comprising 10-98 wt. % of a bio-based particulate or fibrous filler and at least 2 wt. % of a polyester derived from an aliphatic polyalcohol with 2-15 carbon atoms and a polyacid, wherein the polyacid comprises at least 10 wt. % of tricarboxylic acid. Preferably, the filler is in the form of particles, fibers, and/or random or non-random layers. A plant-based filler may be used, in particular a cellulosic or lignocellulosic material, more in particular one or more materials selected from wood chips, wood flakes, sawdust, pulp, e.g., pulp of (recycled) paper or other fiber pulp, and plant-derived fibers such as cotton, linen, flax, and hemp. An animal-derived filler, in particular an animal-derived fiber such as wool, hair, silk, or feathers may also be used. Preferably the polyalcohol is selected from one or more of glycerol, sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, 1,2-propane diol, 1,3-propane diol, and 1,2-ethane diol, in particular glycerol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved composition comprising a blend of diisocyanates of Formula (II) derived from their corresponding dianiino alkyl esters obtained from soy protein source, wherein R is an alkyl and n is 1-4, and methods of making and using such compositions as construction material resin binders, in particular, wood resin binders and/or adhesives.

Abstract: A sealing element includes an elastomeric matrix; a plurality of incorporants embedded in the matrix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for reclaiming plastics and cellulose materials for use in a variety of applications, including as alternative fuel sources. According to one embodiment of the invention, waste is received which includes cellulose materials and plastics. Such materials are sorted from other materials and the cellulose and plastic materials are shredded or ground and then blended together. The blended materials can then be fed to an energy converter, such as a combustion unit or a gasifier, where they are burned as fuel source or used to create synthetic gas. In other embodiments, the blended materials are heated or have a binding element added thereto. Such mixture is then compressed to form a desired shape or sized object, and that object can then be packaged, distributed or used. The blended object can be used as a fuel source, or as a building, sound attenuation, or insulation material.

Abstract: A modified polyacrylonitrile fiber and its preparation process and use are disclosed. An animal hair micro powder is used as a modifier for polyacrylonitrile polymer. The weight percent of a monomer composition is as follows: acrylonitrile monomer 50.0-98.8%, initiator 0.1-0.4%, animal hair micro powder 1.0-50.0%. The preparation process of the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber comprises the following steps: 1. preparing the animal hair micro powder suspension, 2. preparing spinning dope of the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber, 3. preparing the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber. The fiber is suitable for making artificial synthetic hair product such as hairpieces, and resembles well natural human hair.

Abstract: A modified polyacrylonitrile fiber and its preparation process and use are disclosed. An animal hair micro powder is used as a modifier for polyacrylonitrile polymer. The weight percent of a monomer composition is as follows: acrylonitrile monomer 50.0-98.8%, initiator 0.1-0.4%, animal hair micro powder 1.0-50.0%. The preparation process of the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber comprises the following steps: 1. preparing the animal hair micro powder suspension, 2. preparing spinning dope of the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber, 3. preparing the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber. The fiber is suitable for making artificial synthetic hair product such as hairpieces, and resembles well natural human hair.

Abstract: A hybrid polymer composition and a method for forming it is provided, comprising a first part A comprising a polyurethane catalyst and an aldehyde resin pre-polymer and a second part B comprising a polyisocyanate pre-polymer and an aldehyde resin cure accelerator. Methods are also provided for forming a composite with a two part hybrid polymer composition and a fibrous web material.

Abstract: An elastomer composition is provided which contains a matrix of biomass plastic and crosslinked natural rubber particles dispersed like islands in the matrix. An eraser using the elastomer composition is also provided. The present invention is capable of providing an elastomer composition and eraser using the same, which can be recycled, are friendly to the environment, and corresponds to the recycling society, without relying on fossil resources.

Abstract: An elastomer composition is provided which contains a matrix of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) produced from microorganisms and crosslinked natural rubber particles dispersed like islands in the matrix. An eraser using the elastomer composition is also provided. The present invention is capable of providing an elastomer composition and eraser using the same, which can be recycled, are friendly to the environment, and corresponds to the recycling society, without relying on fossil resources.

Abstract: Blended compositions and methods for the production of thermoset compositions of soy meal, which has been treated to remove non-thermoplastic materials associated with soy beans, and natural rubber. Also provided is a method for the preparation of a prepared granular soy meal by blowing a gas through a stream of granular natural soy meal to remove hulls and cellulose fiber materials which are lighter than the granular soy meal to provide the prepared granular soy meal for the compositions. The compositions are elastic and can be used in place of rubber bands and the like.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a method for the formation of unique poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels, articles that are made from such hydrogels, unique odor-providing pest repellent compositions and their uses to repel pests.

Abstract: Processed plant fine fibers such as those from the mesocarp of a coconut together are blended with a biodegradable plastic to produce a biodegradable plastic product that can be further made into other items. Plastics thus made from coconut husk fine fiber powder will return to the environment after disposal much more rapidly than those without coconut husk fine fiber powder. In the process, a dry compressed plant fine fiber powder is created from fine fibers of the coconut mesocarp. An example product created from this raw material is composed of 10 to 40% by weight of dry coconut husk powder mixed with environmentally degradable plastic. Environmentally non-degradable plastic may be added to the dry powder as a biodegradation rate modulator to create a modified raw material with a modified biodegradation rate. Plastic additives, standard in the industry, can be added to achieve additional desired properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing filled polyurethane elastomers, and more particularly to a process for producing highly filled polyurethane elastomers in which resin solid separation is substantially reduced. The separation rate of the solid particulate fillers contained in a filled polyol resin is significantly reduced, and the subject process can be optimized to lower the viscosity of the uncured liquid reaction mixture prior to curing same to form a solid, thereby substantially non-cellular filled polyurethane elastomer. The above-described benefits can be accomplished by reacting together a three-component polyurethane system comprising (a) a filled polyether polyol resin having a particulate filler material dispersed therein, (b) a polyisocyanate, and (c) a catalyst solution for reacting (a) and (b) to form said filled polyurethane elastomer.

Abstract: A low molecular weight lignin fraction having a pre-selected molecular weight range prepared from lignin solution by ultrafiltration. The invention also relates to phenol-formaldehyde resin modified by the lignin fraction, adhesive comprising the modified resin, and a method for producing the lignin fraction and the resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel vinyl containing organopolysiloxane elastomers which possess excellent low compression set and heat aging characteristics and which can advantageously be formulated into liquid silicone elastomer moldable compositions.

Abstract: Water soluble macromers are modified by addition of free radical polymerizable groups, such as those containing a carbon-carbon double or triple bond, which can be polymerized under mild conditions to encapsulate tissues, cells, or biologically active materials. The polymeric materials are particularly useful as tissue adhesives, coatings for tissue lumens including blood vessels, coatings for cells such as islets of Langerhans, coatings, plugs, supports or substrates for contact with biological materials such as the body, and as drug delivery devices for biologically active molecules.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the decomposition rate of polymeric bioadhesives and viscosity enhancers, such as poly(acrylic acids). The compositions include at least one strong, stable chelating agent, preferably an organophosphorous compound such as diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid). These biocompatible compositions are especially useful in the ophthalmic field.

Abstract: Intercalates formed by contacting the layer material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant polymer to sorb or intercalate the polymer between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant polymer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 50 .ANG. (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water), up to about 100 .ANG. and preferably in the range of about 10-45 .ANG., so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalated complex is combined with an organic liquid into an unexpectedly viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound, e.g., a pharmaceutical, or cosmetic, or lubricant, e.g., food guide lubricants dissolved or dispersed in the carrier material. Alternatively, the intercalated complex can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid.

Abstract: Silicon- and nitrogen-containing compositions prepared by the reaction of an aminoalkylsilane such as 3-aminopropyl- or 3-methylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane with a glycidoxyalkylsilane such as 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane are useful as adhesion promoters in addition curable polyorganosiloxane compositions. The latter are illustrated by mixtures of vinyl-substituted polyorganosiloxanes and hydride polyorganosiloxanes, also containing at least one platinum group metal compound as a hydrosilylation catalyst.

Abstract: Room temperature vulcanizable platinum group metal catalyzed silicone compositions are provided which utilize an N-heterocyclic adhesion promoter, such as 2,6 bis(trimethoxysilyltrimethyleneoxy)pyridine. Cohesive bonding is effected on various substrates.

Abstract: Process for producing a composite material in which a cellulosic substrate is treated with a solution of a polyfunctional isocyanate in an aprotic swelling solvent and the substrate is then compressed to form the composite material. The substrate may take the form of wood chips, wood particles, wood flakes, wood fibers, wood flour, ground wood, wood veneers and wood laminates, paper, card, straw, refined cellulose such as cotton or viscose and plant fibers such as bamboo or palm fiber.

Abstract: A synthetic board is prepared by a process of contacting lignocellulosic material with a binder and subsequently forming the treated material into a board by the application of heat and pressure, wherein (a) the binder comprises an organic polyisocyanate and a reactive hydrogen-containing component, especially an aromatic polyester polyol, and (b) the lignocellulosic material is additionally contracted with a surfactant.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the formation of filler containing anionically modified polyurethane (urea) compositions by reacting suitable polyurethane (urea) forming ingredients in the presence of from 5 to 97% by weight of fillers selected from the group consisting of(i) finely divided or lumpy foam particles,(ii) fossile lignocelluloses,(iii) carbon powder, and(iv) mixtures thereof,said filler-containing polyurethane (urea) having a water absorbability of from 33 to 97% by weight, and having an anionic group content of from 10 to 3000 milliequivalents of anionic groups and/or groups capable of anionic group formation per 1000 grams of said polyurethane (urea) components.

Abstract: A binder for use in the preparation of a synthetic board from cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic material comprising an organic polyisocyanate and a mixture of reactive hydrogen-containing compounds having an average of more than one reactive hydrogen atom per molecule, the mixture containing an ester and/or an amide having a hydrocarbon content sufficient to bring about enhanced board release in the board-forming process and to contribute to superior moisture resistance in the finished board.

Abstract: Storage stable, water-free, RTV organopolysiloxane adhesives curable in the presence of water or atmospheric moisture, and comprising a dihydroxydiorganopolysiloxane polymer, fillers, an amine fraction and a curing catalyst, are characterized by incorporation therein of a polyalkoxylated organosilane having the formula:R'.sub.x Si[(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.p OCH.sub.3 ].sub.4-xwherein R' is methyl, vinyl, allyl, methallyl or phenyl, and p and x are each one or two.

Abstract: Storage-stable, aqueous polysiloxane emulsions well adopted as coating compositions to impart anti-adhesiveness/water-repellency to a wide variety of substrates, e.g., paper, are comprised of an anti-adhesive/water-repellency effective amount of (A) diorganopolysiloxane oil having the formula:HO(SiR.sub.2 O).sub.n Hwherein the symbols R, which may be identical or different, are each an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, the 3,3,3-tri-fluoropropyl radical, or the vinyl radical, at least 50% of the radicals R being methyl radicals and at most 5% vinyl radicals, and the symbol n is any number, the value of which is such that the viscosity of the oil ranges from 500 to 50,000 mPa.s at 25.degree. C.; (B) an organopolysiloxane resin comprising recurring units selected from among those of the formulae R'SiO.sub.1.5, R'.sub.2 SiO and R'.sub.3 SiO.sub.0.

Abstract: Thermosettable prepolymers or resins are prepared by reacting a pyrazine containing at least two substituent groups which have a hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to the ring with a material containing at least two aromatic aldehyde groups. These prepolymers or resins are curable to thermoset products having good mechanical and thermal properties. Thermoset polymers having good mechanical and thermal properties are also prepared by homopolymerization in the presence of N,N'-bis-imides or copolymerization of these prepolymers with N,N'-bis-imides. The prepolymers are suitable for preparing composites.

Abstract: Select NCO-terminated, uretdione group-containing polyurethane prepolymers are prepared by reacting a uretdione group-containing organic polyisocyanate with an isocyanate reactive hydrogen atom-containing compound, employing a select equivalent ratio of NCO to OH ranging from about 1.5/1 to about 2/1. The polyurethane prepolymers are useful in the preparation of lignocellulosic composite materials, such as particle board, and in making coatings.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition for use in the formation of a magnetizable film on a substrate is disclosed herein, which has improved resistance to frictional wear and abrasion, and improved impact durability. The composition comprises a heat-curable polymer resin, magnetizable particles, a fatty ester, and sufficient solvent to provide a viscosity of from about 200 to about 600 centipoise at about 24.degree. C. The method of preparation of the composition as well as its use are also disclosed.

Abstract: The adhesion of self-bonding, low modulus, one package, room temperature vulcanizable silicone compositions to a variety of substrates is effectively promoted by incorporation in the silicon composition, before curing, of a small effective amount of an adhesion promoting composition comprising at least one maleamidylalkyltrialkoxysilane or maleamidylalkyltriacyloxysilane compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is divalent alkylene of from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are, independently, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkanoyl.

Abstract: A flame-retarded speaker diaphragm is prepared by making a cone from cellulose fibers, impregnating the cellulosic cone with a solution of a trimethylol melamine monomer, an organic phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing compound, and a trialkyl amine catalyst in an alcohol solvent, and heating the impregnated cone until the solvent is removed and the melamine resin is cured. Flame retardancy is imparted to the cellulose cone-shaped diaphragm without the sacrifice of its frequency response.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lignosulfonate-phenol-formaldehyde resin includes heating a mixture of phenol, formaldehyde, lignosulfonate and alkali at a temperature of 60.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. and a pH of 8-13. The lignosulfonate comprises about 5 to about 80 percent of the total weight of phenol, formaldehyde and lignosulfonate and the lignosulfonate is mixed with said phenol and formaldehyde before substantial reaction between said phenol and said formaldehyde. Also disclosed are fibrous articles manufactured using this resin as a binder.

Abstract: An improved adhesive binder composition is provided for the preparation of lignocellulosic composite molded articles such as flake or particleboard, made from moldable compositions which comprises an organic di- or polyisocyanate and a cyclic alkylene ester of carbonic acid and optionally lignin, for application to the lignocellulosic material prior to the molding process to form the composite product.

Abstract: Molded fiber-reinforced thermoplastic articles are prepared by a novel two-step process involving an in situ polymerization of monomers onto the fiber followed by compression molding of the product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new modified azulmic acids, several processes for their preparation and their use as intermediate products for the synthesis of numerous products.

Abstract: An adhesive binder composition is provided for the preparation of lignocellulosic composite molded articles such as flake or particle board, made from moldable compositions which comprises an organic di- or polyisocyanate and a liquid dialkyl ester of carbonic acid and optionally lignin, for application to the lignocellulosic material prior to the molding process to form the composite product.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lignosulfonate-phenol-formaldehyde resin includes heating a mixture of phenol, formaldehyde, lignosulfonate and alkali at a temperature of 60.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. and a pH of 8-13. The lignosulfonate comprises about 5 to about 80 percent of the total weight of phenol, formaldehyde and lignosulfonate and the lignosulfonate is mixed with said phenol and formaldehyde before substantial reaction between said phenol and said formaldehyde. Also disclosed are fibrous articles manufactured using this resin as a binder.