Abstract: A method for making water-absorbing polymer particles is provided and includes providing crosslinkers, polymerizable monomers and inorganic solid particles. The average closest distance between two neighboring crosslinkers (RXL) in a water-absorbing polymer particle for a specific X-load of the water-absorbing polymer particle is calculated via the formula below: Rxl = ( ( 1 rho_dry + x_L rho_liq ) N A · ? i ? ? w_xl i Mr_CXL i ) 1 3 ( I ) with x_L being the amount of liquid absorbed in the water-absorbing polymer particle in g liq/g water-absorbing polymer particle, rho_liq being the density at room temperature of the fluid that swells the water-absorbing polymer particle (generally saline of 0.

Abstract: An autoxidisable coating composition comprising i) 10 to 60 wt % of an autoxidisable material with: a) a number average molecular weight <4500 g/mol; b) optionally 1 to 20 carbohydrate units; c) a fatty acid content of ?60 wt %; d) a viscosity at 100% solids in the range of from 0.05 to 5 Pa·s at 20+/?5° C. at a shear rate of 5000 s?1; ii) 90 to 40 wt % of an autoxidisable urethanised resin with: e) a number average molecular weight ?4000 g/mol; f) a fatty acid content of ?50 wt %; g) an acid value in the range of from 0 to 20 mgKOH/g resin; h) an isocyanate content in the range of from 1 to 35 wt % by weight of autoxidisable urethanised resin; where i)+ii)=100 wt %, based on the total solids content of the autoxidisable coating composition.

Abstract: A cosmetic cold-wax depilatory composition is provided The depilatory composition comprises a hydrocarbon resin, from 50% to 99% by weight and a flexibilizer or plasticizer, from 0.5% to 10% by weight Methods of applying the composition to a strip of material for removal of hair without the need for heating are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rosin acid ester and compositions containing the same, as well as methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: Compositions including composites of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and nanoparticles are disclosed. A wood-polymer composite using the PVC-nanoparticle composite as a matrix also is disclosed. The nanoparticle filler is dispersed throughout the PVC matrix by blending the nanoparticles with a mixture of PVC particles that have been pre-heated to a temperature at or above a fusion point of the PVC, thereby fusing the PVC particles prior to the addition of the nanoparticles to the matrix. Also disclosed are methods of forming the composite compositions. The composite compositions can be used to replace wood boards.

Abstract: The specification describes a process for making gelled ink resins which exhibit improved properties such as lower viscosity under low shear and less viscosity decrease with increasing shear. In a preferred embodiment, a rosin-based or hydrocarbon-based resin is mixed with an organic solvent and reacted with a polyamine reactant, such as melamine-formaldehyde resin or hexamethylene diamine, under conditions sufficient to produce a substantially covalently cross-link gelled resin. The resulting gelled resin resists viscosity breakdown under high shear conditions and may be used directly for making ink compositions, obviating the need for further gelation and avoiding the use of conventional organo-metallic gelling agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to the inhibition of crystallization in rosin and rosin-based materials through the use of crystallization inhibitors. More specifically, the crystallization inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids and the salts of carboxylic acids. The invention also relates to the process of inhibiting crystallization in rosin and rosin-based materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modified alkyd polymers and compositions thereof, in which the alkyd polymers are modified with polyol-containing latex compositions and/or diol-containing latex compositions. The invention further relates to compositions prepared from such modified alkyd compositions.

Abstract: A printing ink composition comprising: a vegetable oil; and a rosin-modified phenol resin having a weight average molecular weight of at least 30,000, the rosin-modified phenol resin being dissolved in the vegetable oil, wherein the printing ink composition has a content of a volatile organic solvent of not more than 3% by weight.

Abstract: A process is provided to produce an aqueous composition. The process comprises shearing a mixture to produce a mini-emulsion and polymerizing said mini-emulsion in the presence of an initiator to produce the aqueous composition; wherein said mixture comprises at least one tackifier, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, at least one surfactant, and water. The aqueous composition can be utilized to produced various articles including, but not limited to, adhesives, coatings, and laminates.

Abstract: In a process for the metal-catalyzed preparation of copolymers of carbon monoxide and an olefinically unsaturated compound having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms in an aqueous medium, the copolymerization is carried out in the presence of a water-soluble macromolecular host compound which has a hydrophobic cavity and a hydrophilic shell.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel rosin-fatty acid vinylic polymer compositions that exhibit characteristics which make them useful as grind resins for preparing grind vehicles for ink and coating formulations. In particular, this invention relates to rosin-fatty acid vinylic grind resin compositions obtained from the addition polymerization reaction of a mixture of rosin and fatty acid and a mixture of (meth)acrylic and vinylic monomers.

Abstract: A rosin fatty acid vinylic emulsion composition produced by (A) polymerizing a mixture of vinylic monomers in the presence of a fatty acid rosin mixture comprising a mixture of fatty acids and rosin, at temperature in the range of about 135° C. to about 175° C., to produce a rosin-fatty acid vinylic polymer having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 4,000 to about 12,000; and (B) subsequently emulsion polymerizing another mixture of vinylic monomers in the presence of the rosin-fatty acid vinylic polymer of step A at temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C., to produce a rosin-fatty acid vinylic emulsion composition with polymers having a weight average molecular weight in the range of about 40,000 to about 200,000.

Abstract: A curable resin composition, which comprises a resin formed, in the presence of a transition metal complex, by polymerizing an oxidative-polymerizable compound that contains a phenol-compound-containing vegetable oil. A method for producing a curable resin composition comprising a resin formed, in the presence of a catalyst, by polymerizing an oxidative-polymerizable compound that contains a phenol-compound-containing vegetable oil, wherein the catalyst is a transition metal complex. The curable resin composition is useful as a raw material for a urushi-like coating, a friction material, a brake lining material, a brake pad material, a material for forming a coating film, a compound for a recording material, a raw material for an ink, a raw material for a coating,.a raw material for a adhesive, a raw material for an epoxy resin, a raw material for a photoresist or antioxidant, and a starting material for a functional polymer.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion comprising a copolymer which is the polymerization product of a mixture of vinylic monomers wherein from about 5% to about 90% by weight of the vinylic monomers are selected from co-esters of a drying oil acid and an unsaturated &agr;, &bgr;-polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid, contains from about 0.5% to about 50% by weight based on the weight of the copolymer of a hydrophobic ester or partial ester of a drying oil acid and a polyol. The copolymer polymerized in the presence of the hydrophobic ester or partial ester is characterized by a relatively low gel content, and by a relatively broad, multi-nodal, molecular weight distribution, including a low molecular weight component which acts as a transient plasticizer and coalescing agent. The aqueous dispersions can be formulated into quick drying coating compositions which form smooth protective films on various substrates, without requiring volatile coalescing agents.

Abstract: A coating composition is provided comprising hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof and a blocked polyisocyanate in a solvent comprising water. A method is provided for preparing the coating on a substrate comprising forming a coating mixture of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof and a blocked polyisocyanate in a solvent comprising water; applying the coating mixture to the substrate; and curing the coating.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion containing urethane vinyl composite resin which exhibits superior dispersability properties. The composite resin is obtained by graft polymerizing vinyl monomers with dispersable polyurethane. The polyurethane exhibits an acid value of at least 20. The dispersable polyurethane is obtained by reacting a urethane prepolymer having isocyanate groups at its end with a polyol compound obtained by the semi-esterification of polycarboxylic acid with benzene rings or its anhydride with trimethylol ethane or trimethylol propane. The urethane prepolymer is produced by reacting polyol compounds with poly-isocyanate compounds and ranges in molecular weight of from about 800 to 3000.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a root canal sealer which satisfies the need for obtaining a tight seal. The root canal sealer comprises the following powders in the following weight ratios: 31 to 41% zinc oxide, 25% hydrogenated rosin glycerol ester (staybelite resin), 10% bismuth subcarbonate, 10% barium sulfate, 1% anhydrous sodium borate, and 5-15% triiodomethane. The powders are mixed with 100% eugenol to form a creamy paste.

Abstract: A process for producing an aqueous copolymer dispersion is disclosed, which comprises emulsion polymerizing 100 parts by weight of a vinyl monomer mixture comprising (A) from 60 to 99.8% by weight of an acrylic ester of an aliphatic saturated alcohol having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, (B) from 0.2 to 10% by weight of a monomer selected from the group consisting of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid, an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, a 2-hydroxyalkyl acrylate, a 2-hydroxyalkyl methacrylate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, methylolacrylamide, and methylolmethacrylamide, and (C) up to 30% by weight of a vinyl monomer other than the monomers (A) and (B) in the presence of from 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of a compound having an allyl hydrogen atom, with a total amount of the monomers (A), (B) and (C) being 100% by weight.

Abstract: An aqueous contact cement, which comprises a dispersion in water of a chloroprene copolymer of 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene and methacrylic acid and a resinous polyelectrolyte of an ionizable resinous mixture which is ionized with a volatile ionizing atent, and ionizable resinous mixture being the reaction product of a rosin, a carboxylic acid, and a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 mono-alcohol, said ionizable resinous mixture having a softening point not substantially above about 125.degree. C. and an acid number of between about 30 and 150, said reaction product comprising the carbocyclic nucleus of rosin having at least one carboxylic acid group and at least one carboxylic acid ester group of said mono-alcohol.

Abstract: A rosin emulsion sizing agent comprising 20 to 50% by weight of fortified rosin, 2 to 30% by weight of a saponification product of a styrene/acrylic acid copolymer or a styrene/methacrylic acid copolymer, and the remainder being water.

Abstract: Aqueous printing ink vehicle and ink compositions are disclosed, which are based on sulfated or sulfonated organic compound binders or non-ionic pigment binders.

Abstract: A rubber composition comprising (a) 100 parts by weight of a rubber selected from the group consisting of natural rubber and synthetic diene rubbers and (b) about 1 to about 30 parts by weight of a rosin derivative comprising a blend of (i) about 15 to about 50% by weight of a rosin, (ii) about 10 to about 70% by weight of a polymerized rosin and (iii) not more than about 55% by weight of a rosin pitch, each based on the weight of the rosin derivative.

Abstract: Printed materials such as tickets, lottery forms, cards and contest forms, bearing a hidden message which is revealable by scratching off a covering opaque layer, are prepared by printing the message on the substrate, lithographing a protective layer such as a clear varnish or a pigmented varnish-ink over the hidden message, and then lithographing a hiding coat over the applied protective layer. The protective layer formulation and the hiding coat layer are both based upon compatible, preferably the same, film forming resin systems, and are deposited from a common solvent. The protective layer may provide a clear, colorless transparent film through which the message may be viewed, or a colored see-through layer, so that it constitutes one color layer also for the printing of other areas of the substrate.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions comprising polymerizing vinyl esters and up to 50% by weight of the total monomer of compounds with unsaturated ethylenic bonds at a temperature of 10.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of an at least partially water-soluble free-radical initiator and at least one starch member of the group consisting of cyanalkylated starch, hydroxyalkylated starch and carboxyalkylated starch and optionally present conventional adjuvants with the starting mixture containing not more than one-third of the total monomers and the remaining monomers being added by metering during the polymerization, the initiators being at least one member of the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides in an amount of at least 30 mmol per kg of total monomer mixture and optionally present water-soluble reducing agent and the amount of starch being at least 1% by weight based on the total monomer weight.

Abstract: A concrete cure is provided which is totally water based and completely void of solvents. A moisture impermeable film is attained when the cure is applied to fresh concrete. The cure forms a barrier over the concrete allowing it to retain over 95% of the mixing water for a minimum of 72 hours when applied at the rate of 200 ft.sup.2 /gallon (5m.sup.2 /dm.sup.3). The concrete cure of the invention is a mixture of a hydrocarbon resin, emulsifying agents, paraffinic wax, and water. The cure may be provided in a clear or pigmented formulation. A method for making the concrete cure is also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed the use of esters especially methyl esters of rosin acids as total or partial replacements for oil in rubber formulations. Vulcanizate properties, low temperature performance, and processibility are comparable when using either the rosin ester or an aromatic oil, however, the rosin ester extended rubber demonstrates improved abrasion resistance and flex resistance.

Abstract: There is disclosed the use of decarboxylated rosins as total or partial replacements for oil in rubber formulations. Vulcanizate properties, low temperature performance, and processibility are comparable when using either the decarboxylated rosins or an aromatic extending oil, however, the decarboxylated rosin extended rubber demonstrates improved abrasion resistance.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising (A) a polyether having at least one silicon-containing hydrolyzable group, having an average molecular weight of 300 to 30,000 and having a principal chain which is essentially constructed with the chemically bonded recurring units:--R.sup.1 --O--wherein R.sup.1 is a divalent alkylene group and (B) a tackifier; said tackifier being admixed with the polyether in an amount of 10 to 140 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said polyether. From the composition a pressure sensitive adhesive product having good adhesive properties can be prepared substantially without a solvent.

Abstract: A concrete cure is provided which is totally water based and completely void of solvents. A moisture impermeable film is attained when the cure is applied to fresh concrete. The cure forms a barrier over the concrete allowing it to retain over 95% of the mixing water for a minimum of 72 hours when applied at the rate of 200 ft.sup.2 /gallon (5m.sup.2 /dm.sup.3). The concrete cure of the invention is a mixture of a hydrocarbon resin, emulsifying agents, paraffinic wax, and water. The cure may be provided in a clear or pigmented formulation. A method for making the concrete cure is also disclosed.

Abstract: A curable, storage-stable and solventless single component sealant for pneumatic tires having as its essential sealant functioning components a liquid low molecular weight hydroxy terminated polybutadiene diol, an antioxidant, a polymeric isocyanate, and, a polyurethane catalyst; this sealant can be blended with a sealant optimizing amount of a masterbatch.

Abstract: A heat-set type printing ink comprising as the vehicle a non-aqueous dispersion prepared by dissolving a resin in a hydrocarbon solvent-containing solvent boiling at not lower than 170.degree. C. to form a resin solution and polymerizing at least one kind of vinyl monomer in said resin solution to obtain a non-aqueous dispersion. In one embodiment, the thus obtained non-aqueous dispersion may be incorporated with a resin to obtain a modified non-aqueous dispersion.

Abstract: Hot melt adhesive compositions are provided which contain (a) about 10-30 weight % of an alkenyl succinic anhydride, (b) about 20-60 weight % of an ethylene copolymer, and (c) about 10-40 weight % of a tackifying resin which is an aliphatic hydrocarbon resin.