Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous dispersions comprising multistage-prepared polymers, and also to coating material compositions comprising them, preparable by multistage polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers, using an emulsifier and a water-soluble initiator, under conditions of starved feed polymerization, and using particular monomer mixtures in the individual stages. The invention also relates to a pigmented aqueous basecoat material comprising the aqueous dispersion of the invention, to the use of the aqueous dispersion of the invention in aqueous basecoat materials for improving adhesion, to a process for producing a multicoat paint system on a substrate, and to a multicoat paint system produced in accordance with the stated process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stable aqueous dispersion of acrylic based polymer particles with a first and a second polymeric domain, wherein the first polymeric domain is film-forming at room temperature and the second polymeric domain has a Tg of not less than 35° C., and wherein both polymeric domains include structural units of a ureido monomer. The composition of the present invention addresses a need in the art by providing a composition that is useful as a binder with improved alkyd adhesion properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of hydrothermal hybrid material, in particular coal-like hybrid material from biomass. The process involves the heating of a reaction mixture comprising water, biomass and a copolymerizable compound, wherein the copolymerizable compound is added when preparing the reaction mixture, in a variant of the process, the biomass is converted to activated biomass in a first step, and the copolymerization of the activated biomass and a copolymerizable compound to give the hydrothermal, preferably coal-like, hybrid material is started by adding a polymerization initiator. The invention also relates to the hydrothermal hybrid materials obtainable by the processes as such, e.g. to aqueous dispersions thereof. By incorporating copolymerizable compounds, e.g. petrochemical compounds in the structure of the hydrothermal hybrid materials, the physical properties of the materials and the preparation process thereof can be controlled.

Abstract: Coating compositions containing an aqueous polymer dispersion having improved resistance toward chemicals. The aqueous polymer dispersion is prepared by polymerizing a first composition containing at least one ethylenically unsaturated group (monomers) by radical aqueous emulsion polymerization and then, in the presence of a product mixture from the previous polymerization, polymerizing a second composition containing at least one ethylenically unsaturated group (monomers) by radical aqueous emulsion polymerization. The coating compositions are such that the difference between a glass transition temperature of a polymer prepared from the first polymerization and a glass transition temperature of a polymer prepared from the second polymerization is at least 50° C.

Abstract: A description is given of a pressure-sensitive adhesive dispersion comprising a water-dispersed polymer P1 formed by emulsion polymerization. The polymer P1 is formed from a monomer mixture comprising (a) at least 40% by weight of C4 to C20 alkyl (meth)acrylates which when polymerized as homopolymers have a glass transition temperature of ?30° C. or less, (b) at least 0.05% by weight of (meth)acrylate monomers having a substituent of the formula where X is CH2, O, NH or NR and R is a C1 to C4 alkyl group, (c) at least 0.1% by weight of acid monomers. The polymer P1 is prepared by polymerization in at least 2 stages, the glass transition temperature of a polymer from monomers of the first stage being lower by at least 20° C. than the glass transition temperature of a polymer from monomers of a later, second stage.

Abstract: The present invention provides multistage aqueous polymer dispersions which are film-forming at low temperatures, exhibit good blocking resistance in a formulation, even at elevated temperatures, display low foam propensity, and possess good wet adhesion and shelf life, processes for their preparation, and the use thereof as binders for coating substrates.

Abstract: The invention relates to agents for temporarily shaping keratin fibers, said agents containing: a) at least one film-forming and/or setting amphoteric polymer A and b) at least one copolymer B formed by at least one monomer B1 selected from acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-alkylacrylamide and N-alkylmethacrylamide, at least one monomer B2 selected from N-vinyllactams, at least one monomer B3 selected from quaternized N-vinylimidazoles and the monomer N-vinylimidazole. The invention also relates to the use of the agents for temporarily shaping hair and to an aerosol styling mousse that contains a corresponding agent and at least one propellant.

Abstract: “The invention provides an ink composition including a polymerizable compound represented by following Formula (1), a polymerization initiator and water: X?A)n ??Formula (1) wherein, in Formula (1), X represents a divalent or trivalent nitrogen-containing linking group represented by any one of following Formulae (X1) to (X3), A represents a polymerizable functional group having an amide group, and n represents 2 or 3: wherein, in Formulae (X1) to (X3), Z represents an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or a divalent linking group including an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms and an oxygen atom; and R1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An organopolysiloxane represented by formula (1) shown below and having (3,5-diglycidylisocyanuryl)alkyl groups represented by formula (2) at least at both terminals of the main chain: wherein, each R1 represents, independently, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R2 is a group represented by formula (2) shown below, X is a group represented by formula (3) shown below, a represents an integer of 0 to 100 and b represents an integer of 0 to 30, provided that 1?a+b, and c represents an integer of 0 to 10 wherein, R3 represents an alkylene group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms wherein, R1 and R2 are as defined above, d represents an integer of 0 to 30, and e represents an integer of 0 to 30.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of hydrothermal hybrid material, in particular coal-like hybrid material from biomass. The process involves the heating of a reaction mixture comprising water, biomass and a copolymerizable compound, wherein the copolymerizable compound is added when preparing the reaction mixture, in a variant of the process, the biomass is converted to activated biomass in a first step, and the copolymerization of the activated biomass and a copolymerizable compound to give the hydrothermal, preferably coal-like, hybrid material is started by adding a polymerization initiator. The invention also relates to the hydrothermal hybrid materials obtainable by the processes as such, e.g. to aqueous dispersions thereof. By incorporating copolymerizable compounds, e.g. petrochemical compounds in the structure of the hydrothermal hybrid materials, the physical properties of the materials and the preparation process thereof can be controlled.

Abstract: A water soluble ROMP catalyst, which has high catalytic efficiency for ring opening metathesis is use in the preparation of polymeric blends for use in monolithic columns. In one embodiments a method for making a polymeric blend is discolosed comprising reaction of a water-soluble ROMP catalyst with a norbornene-substituted cycloolefin polymer or a polynorbornene polymer precursor, and wherein the contacting occurs in an aqueous or polar solvent in the presence of a solid support. In another embodiment a monolithic bed is disclosed comprising the water-soluble ROMP catalyst immobilized on a surface of a solid support. Also disclosed is a monolithic bed comprising: a polymer blend, the polymer blend produced from contacting a water soluble ROMP catalyst with a norbornene-substituted cycloolefin polymer or a polynorbornene polymer precursor; and wherein the contacting occurs in an aqueous or polar solvent in the presence of a solid support.

Abstract: Binder formulations based on aqueous polymer dispersions having a minimum film-forming temperature of below 10° C. and comprising at least one binder polymer P in the form of an aqueous dispersion comprising at least one anionic emulsifier and at least one nonionic emulsifier.

Abstract: There is provided a polymer useful in coating, ink and adhesive compositions. The polymer has monomeric units derived from a monomer having the formula: wherein: R1 is alkylene having about 2 or 3 carbon atoms; R2 is alkylene having about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms; X is oxygen, sulfur, or NR3 wherein R3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alicyclic, aryl, heteroalkyl, heterocyclic; R4 has the structure of the residue of an alicylic diisocyanate wherein the isocyanate groups have reactivities that differ one from another; Y is oxygen, sulfur, or NR5 wherein R5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alicyclic, aryl, heteroalkyl, or heterocyclic; R6 is alkylene, arylene, aralkylene, alkarylene, or heteroalkylene; Z is oxygen, sulfur, or NR7 wherein R7 is hydrogen, alkyl, alicylic, aryl, heteroalkyl, or heterocyclic; and R8 is hydrogen or methyl. The polymer is further comprised of monomeric units from at least one other polymer. Further disclosed is a latex of the polymer and paints, inks or adhesives having the latex.

Abstract: To provide improved acrylic resin which has weatherability such as the gloss-retaining ability almost as good as that of the fluorine resin or silicone resin while maintaining the advantages of the conventional acrylic resin binder as paint resin such as the gloss or pigment dispersion stability. The emulsion is characterized in that it comprises in 100 wt. % of resin emulsion component thereof: (a) 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a monomer containing light stabilizing group; and (b) 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a monomer containing alkoxysilyl group. Preferably, it further comprises (c) 0.1 to 10 wt. % of monomer containing ultra-violet absorbent group.

Abstract: Method for homopolymerization of polyorganosiloxane macromonomers having acryloxy or methacryloxy groups. A miniemulsion of a methacryloxy functional polydimethylsiloxane macromonomer was prepared by mixing the macromonomer with a surfactant(s), and subjecting it to a high shear device. The macromonomer was polymerized in the miniemulsion by using a free radical initiator at high temperature. The amount of unreacted macromonomer is very low.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions comprised of a major amount of water and a minor amount of a polymerizable compound based on N-acryloyl-piperazine are provided. Such compounds have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl,B is a linking group selected from the group consisting of carbonyl, sulfonyl, amide, and carboxyl;n is one or zero;R.sup.4 is a radical selected from the group consisting of a higher aliphatic group (i.e. at least four carbon atoms, preferably from about 6 to about 50 carbon atoms), a substituted higher aliphatic group, an alicyclic group, a heterocyclic group, a non-benzenoid aromatic group, and a substituted aromatic group. These compounds can be used as an emulsifier in emulsion polymerization.

Abstract: Polymer compositions and their applications in hostile environments for oil field operations are disclosed. The compositions contains a polymer which is copolymerized by (a) an ampholytic monomer having the formula of: ##STR1## where one and only one of the substituted groups R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 must be a vinyl group, the rest can be the same or different and can be hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group; R.sub.5 is a phenyl group; n is .gtoreq.1 and .ltoreq.6; and q is 0 or 1; (b) at least one comonomer having an ethylenic linkage. The compositions further contain crosslinking agents, such as phenol and formaldehyde, for reducing permeability in a high temperature subterranean formation; and water for use in well treating fluids.

Abstract: Preparation of biocidal polymers and copolymers based on free radical-polymerizable and copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing monomer units composed of BCM salts of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids or phosphonic acids, solutions thereof and preferably aqueous dispersions thereof. Processes for their preparation and their use as fungicidal and algicidal impregnating agents, paints and finishing agents for scumbles and dispersion paints providing protection against blue staining on wood, for synthetic resin renderings, for exposed concrete paints and for textile finishing agents.

Abstract: Wet adhesion, ICI viscosity, and scrub resistance of a paint are improved by incorporating into the paint a binder that comprises a film former and polymeric composition. The polymeric composition comprises either (a) about 15 to about 35 weight percent of substantially non-self-polymerizable monomer, about 30 to about 70 weight percent of a copolymerizable monomer whose homopolymer is water-soluble, and about 10 to about 35 weight percent of a wet adhesion promoting monomer, or (b) about 35 to about 65 weight percent of the substantially non-self-polymerizable monomer and about 35 to about 65 weight percent of the wet adhesion promoting monomer. The polymeric composition and film former are substantially inseparable by chromatographic means.

Abstract: Wet adhesion, ICI viscosity, and scrub resistance of a paint are improved by incorporating into the paint a binder that comprises a film former and polymeric composition. The polymeric composition comprises either (a) about 15 to about 35 weight percent of substantially non-self-polymerizable monomer, about 30 to about 70 weight percent of a copolymerizable monomer whose homopolymer is water-soluble, and about 10 to about 35 weight percent of a wet adhesion promoting monomer, or (b) about 35 to about 65 weight percent of the substantially non-self-polymerizable monomer and about 35 to about 65 weight percent of the wet adhesion promoting monomer. The polymeric composition and film former are substantially inseparable by chromatographic means.

Abstract: Wet adhesion, ICI viscosity, and scrub resistance of a paint are improved by incorporating into the paint a binder that comprises a film former and polymeric composition. The polymeric composition comprises either (a) about 15 to about 35 weight percent of substantially non-self-polymerizable monomer, about 30 to about 70 weight percent of a copolymerizable monomer whose homopolymer is water-soluble, and about 10 to about 35 weight percent of a wet adhesion promoting monomer, or (b) about 35 to about 65 weight percent of the substantially non-self-polymerizable monomer and about 35 to about 65 weight percent of the wet adhesion promoting monomer. The polymeric composition and film former are substantially inseparable by chromatographic means.

Abstract: (A) 1 to 50% by weight of at least one end carboxyl bearing reactive vinyl monomer of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl group; R.sub.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alicyclic hydrocarbon having 6 to 7 carbon atoms or aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 carbon atoms; A is a repeating unit of ##STR2## R.sub.3 is ethylene or propylene; R.sub.4 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene having 2 to 7 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene having 2 to 5 carbon atoms; m is an integer of 1 to 10; n is an integer of 2 to 50; X is an inorganic or organic base, and when .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated compound(s) (B) hereinunder referred to includes a basic relative monomer, it may be hydrogen atom, and(B) 99 to 50% by weight of at least one other .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated compounds, in an aqueous medium through an emulsion polymerization and removing the said medium therefrom.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crosslinking process for self-crosslinking (meth)acrylic copolymers soluble in organic solvents and characterized in that:a dispersion or solution having a solids content of between 30 and 80% by weight and a viscosity of between 5 and 5,000 poises and composed of one or more organic solvents and one or more (meth)acrylic copolymers is prepared, the said copolymers having been obtained by copolymerization, in an organic solvent medium, of:10 to 40% by weight of glycidyl (meth)acrylate,4 to 20% by weight of at least one monoethylenic monomer X having one or more carboxyl functional groups and40 to 86% by weight of at least one ethylenic comonomer Y,the ratio of the number of epoxy functional groups in the monomers to the number of carboxyl functional groups in the monomers being between 0.5 and 3.

Abstract: Polyacrylamide gels containing chaotropic agents such as urea as solubilizing agents for protein or nucleic acid separations are rendered stable for prolonged periods of time by the use of certain diacrylyl compounds with tertiary amide groups as cross linking agents. These compounds have the general structure ##STR1## where the R groups are generally saturated hydrocarbon groups and R.sup.4 through R.sup.9 may also be hydrogen. When used as cross linkers, these compounds have the further advantage of preventing urea crystallization at lowered temperatures.

Abstract: Shaped hydrogel articles such as soft contact lenses are prepared by (1) molding or casting a polymerization mixture comprising: (a) a monomer mixture comprising a major proportion of a hydrophilic (meth)acrylate ester such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and a cross-linking monomer; and (b) a water-displaceable diluent, wherein said diluent has a viscosity of at least 100 MPa Sec at 30.degree. C., and wherein said diluent consists essentially of a boric acid ester of certain dihydric alcohols, said dihydric alcohols having Hansen polar (.delta..sub.p) and Hansen hydrogen bonding (.delta..sub.h) cohesion parameters falling within the area of a circle defined as having a center at .delta..sub.h =20.5, .delta..sub.p =13, and a radius of 8.5, to produce a shaped gel of a coploymer of said monomers and said diluent, and (2) thereafter replacing said diluent with water.

Abstract: Water-in-oil emulsions of water-soluble polymers, i.e. polyacrylamides, which are subject to freeze-thaw degradation are stabilized against repeated freeze-thaw cycles by incorporating specific substituted succinic anhydrides.

Abstract: Permanently tacky pressure sensitive adhesives comprise terpolymers consisting essentially of 35-50% by weight of a vinyl ester of an alkanoic acid, 15-30% by weight ethylene and 35-50% by weight of di-2-ethylhexyl maleate or the corresponding fumarate.

Abstract: Permanently tacky pressure sensitive adhesives comprise terpolymers consisting essentially of 35-50% by weight of a vinyl ester of an alkanoic acid, 15-30% by weight ethylene and 35-50% by weight of di-2-ethylhexyl maleate or the corresponding fumarate.

Abstract: Permanently tacky pressure sensitive adhesives comprise terpolymers consisting essentially of 35-50% by weight of a vinyl ester of an alkanoic acid, 15-30% by weight ethylene and 35-50% by weight of di-2-ethylhexyl maleate or di-n-octyl maleate or a corresponding fumerate.

Abstract: Textile yarns are treated with a sizing composition which, when dried and cured, remains durably bound to the yarn throughout wet finishing operations and subsequent use. The sizing composition comprises an aqueous self-crosslinking emulsion copolymer derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a latent-crosslinking monomer. The sizing composition may also include a water soluble or dispersible film forming polymer and a reactive resin. The durable size coating beneficially contributes to both the physical and the aesthetic properties of the yarn and fabrics formed therefrom.

Abstract: An acrylate or methacrylate functional copolymerizable monomer which serves as an adhesion for emulsion polymers is disclosed. This monomer is the adduct formed by reacting an aminoalkyl alkylene urea with about 0.9 up to about 1.5 molar proportions of a saturated monoepoxide to consume most or all of one of the two amino hydrogen atoms available, and then reacting with about 0.8 up to about 2.0 molar proportions of glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, or a mixture thereof in the presence of at least 0.02%, based on the total weight of the reactants present, of an inhibitor which retards the free-radical polymerization of ethylenic unsaturation, such as hydroquinone, and phenothiazine.

Abstract: An acrylate or methacrylate functional copolymerizable monomer which serves as an adhesion for emulsion polymers is disclosed. This monomer is the adduct formed by reacting an aminoalkyl alkylene urea with about 0.9 up to about 1.5 molar proportions of a saturated monoepoxide to consume most or all of one of the two amino hydrogen atoms available, and then reacting with about 0.8 up to about 2.0 molar proportions of a monoisocyanate having a single acrylate or methacrylate group in the presence of at least 0.02%, based on the total weight of the reactants present, of an inhibitor which retards the free-radical polymerization of ethylenic unsaturation, such as hydroquinone, and phenothiazine.

Abstract: An aqueous latex is disclosed which possesses improved water resistance for use in exterior paints. This latex comprises an aqueous emulsion copolymer of monomers consisting essentially of from 15% to 40% of vinylidene chloride together with a mixture of at least about 20% of vinyl acetate and monoethylenic ester, preferably acrylic or methacrylic esters, which provide the copolymer with a glass transition temperature in the range of -10.degree. C. to +10.degree. C., these monomers including from about 0.1% to 10.0% of a monomer promoting adhesion. The copolymerization is carried out in aqueous emulsion at a pH of 3-6 and the vinylidene chloride is preferably introduced at or near the bottom of a reactor maintained at atmospheric pressure. It is also preferred to introduce the vinylidene chloride after polymerization has been initiated with the other monomers.

Abstract: The invention provides new compounds which are cyclic alkylene ureas produced by the reaction of an alkylene urea selected from the group consisting of a mono-(alkylene ureido alkyl) urea, a bis-(alkylene ureido alkyl) urea, and mixtures thereof, with an unsaturated glycidyl ether or ester, such as allyl glycidyl ether. The new compounds are monomers which may be incorporated in aqueous emulsion polymer systems and are useful as wet adhesion promoters for latex paints.

Abstract: Latexes suited for homogeneously incorporating compounds with a photographically useful group into photographic silver halide emulsion materials. The latex incorporates a copolymer comprising recurring units of a monomer with photographically useful group, and recurring units of surface active monomer, according to the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl,n is 0 or 1 to 20,L is ##STR2## R.sup.2 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group, R.sup.3 is a monovalent chemical bond or a bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group or such group interrupted by the group --COO-- or --CONR--, andY is a sulpho, sulphato or phosphono group in acid or salt form, and at least one of the groups --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is or comprises a hydrocarbon chain of at least 8 C-atoms.

Abstract: A polymer comprising 0.5-10 mol % of recurring units having acid generating capability and 50-99.5 mol % of recurring units providing for dissolution in alkaline developer is used to formulate a chemically amplified negative resist composition. When used in a lithography process, the composition ensures an effective sensitivity, makes more uniform the distribution and diffusion of the acid generating component in a resist film, and suppresses deactivation of acid at the substrate interface. The pattern can be formed to a profile which is improved in LER and undercut.