Abstract: Heat distortion temperature of polyvinyl chloride compositions can be significantly increased above the heat distortion temperature of uncompounded polyvinyl chloride while good appearance of extruded material is preserved by preblending an imidized acrylic resin having a glass transition temperature above 130.degree. C. with a third polymer melt-processable throughout the temperature range of 150.degree.-300.degree. C. under conditions where a two-phase blend is formed, wherein the third polymer forms the continuous phase and the imidized acrylic resin forms the dispersed phase and then melt-blending the two-phase blend with polyvinyl chloride at a temperature of 150.degree.-220.degree. C. to form a composition in which the imidized acrylic resin forms a substantially homogeneous blend with polyvinyl chloride.

Abstract: Polymer blends of at least one polar polymer are prepared by admixture with a poly(vinyl alcohol) and a (meth)acrylate copolymer also containing vinyl amide and/or unsaturated acid units. The ternary compositions have attractive processing and performance properties.

Abstract: A processing agent for polyvinyl chloride and other thermoplastic polymers. The processing agent is a copolymer which contains a monomer whose homopolymer has a T.sub.g .gtoreq.65 C. and contains 3 to less than 75% by weight of a comonomer which has a C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 alkyl component. The alkyl component should be apportioned in such a fashion that the transmission of the copolymer in ethyl acetate is at least 90% in the case of a 10% solution.

Abstract: A nonflammable injection-molding resin composition. The composition includes a nonflammable resin component containing a low-molecular-weight styrene resin having a high .alpha.-methylstyrene content; a rubbery polymer having grafted thereon a vinyl cyanide and/or alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer; a low-molecular weight post-chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin and, optionally, a vinyl chloride resin; and, as a moldability-improving agent, a specific alkyl acrylate resin comprising a vinyl cyanide monomer, an alkyl acrylate monomer and an optional copolymerizable vinyl monomer. The nonflammable resin composition provides injection-molded articles with a good balance of impact strength and non-peeling properly and is excellent in moldability.

Abstract: Gel, or unfluxed PVC grains commonly present in PVC plasticized with high molecular weight ethylene copolymer plasticizers, can be reduced by using an improved production process which involves substituting a modifier, which is partially crosslinked high molecular weight ethylene copolymer, for a portion of the non-crosslinked high molecular weight ethylene copolymer plasticizer. Preferably the modifier also contains a small mount of a low molecular weight plasticizer to counteract the effect of viscosity increase which the partially crosslinked ethylene copolymer otherwise would produce.

Abstract: A compatible, single-phase, polyblend comprisingI) a polymer which is a polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, or polyvinylidene fluoride, andII) a copolymer comprising from 40 to 99.99 percent by weight ofA) a monomeric ester formed between acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and a C1-C10 alcohol, and from 0.01 to 60 percent by weight ofB) a monomer of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl, Y is oxygen or -NR.sub.2 - where R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl, and Z isi) a 2-hydroxyphenyl benzotriazole,ii) a 2-hydroxybenzophenone or 2-hydroxyacetophenone,iii) an alpha-cyano-beta,beta-diphenyl, andC) optional other monomers.

Abstract: A composite vinylidene chloride copolymer composition excellent in processability which comprises a vinylidene chloride copolymer A having a molecular weight of not less than 50,000 and not more than 300,000 and a vinylidene chloride copolymer B having a molecular weight of not less than 5,000 and not more than the smaller one of either 0.8 times the weight average molecular weight of the vinylidene chloride copolymer A or 80,000, and a monolayer film which comprises the composite vinylidene chloride copolymer composition and is excellent in various properties including barrier property, non-extractability by oily foods and high frequency sealability, and is suitable as a barrier packaging material and wrapping film used for ham, sausage and other like foods.

Abstract: This invention provides thermally reversible graft copolymer comprising a vinyl polymer graft-polymerized to a polymer of N-substituted acrylamide or methacrylamide derivatives.

Abstract: Proposed is a polyvinyl chloride-based resin composition exhibiting excellent moldability with high flowability in molding and capable of giving molded articles having excellent mechanical properties including tensile strength and impact strength as well as heat resistance along with high resistance against yellowing by weathering. The resin composition comprises (a) a homopolymeric polyvinyl chloride resin having an average degree of polymerization of 700 to 2500, (b) an acrylic rubber-based graft copolymer, (c) an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymeric resin of a specific copolymerization ratio and (d) an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymeric resin of a specific copolymerization ratio each in a specified weight proportion.

Abstract: Rigid thermoplastic articles are disclosed which have reduced surface gloss. The reduced gloss is achieved by the use of a mixture of polymers having different viscoelastic properties. The preferred embodiment is a mixture of PVC and crosslinked PVC.

Abstract: Novel thermally stable resins comprising halogens and not epoxide termination groups are described. The thermally stable resins may be employed in polymer systems to yield flame retardant polymer compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides an external lubricant composition for calendered vinyl polymer. The external lubricant provides rigid vinyl polymer compositions having improved plate out resistance, clarity, release, and stability. The external lubricant comprises an effective amount for lubricating vinyl polymer of polyethylene having a Brookfield viscosity at a temperature of 150.degree. C. of greater than about 85,000 centipoises and an acid number as determined by standardized titration of KOH of between about 5 and about 9.Sheets of the calendered vinyl polymer are used for blister packs and credit cards.

Abstract: A paper sheet is saturated with a latex saturant wherein two components have different T.sub.g values to produce an overlay which sufficiently resists the stresses of miter-folding, or V-grooving, and possesses superior printing qualities which favor its application on substrates such as miter-folded boards and particle boards, cabinetry, shelves, furniture, intricate surfaces such as profile wraps and molding strips, doors, frames, and other such structures.

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride-acrylate copolymers are plasticized with plasticizers to produce a composition having low hardness values. For example, Shore A values of 55 or less can be readily achieved. Such low values are often achieved by utilizing low amounts, for example less than 100 parts by weight, of the plasticizer for every 100 parts by weight of the PVC-acrylate copolymer. Low Shore A hardness values are also aided by the use of high amounts of acrylate units in the copolymer, that is amounts of at least 45 percent by weight based upon the total weight of the copolymer. The copolymer is made from a vinyl constituent which is a vinyl chloride monomer with an optional vinyl component comonomer and one or more acrylate monomers having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an aliphatic, an aromatic, or combinations thereof, having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a halogen derivative thereof, or hydrogen, and R.sup.

Abstract: A vinyl composition tile formulation is disclosed which comprises polyvinyl chloride, inorganic fillers and from about 0.5% to about 4%, by weight of said formulation, polyvinyl butyral, as a tackifier.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polyvinyl chloride resin composition for powder molding which comprises granular polyvinyl chloride resin (as component A), particulate polyvinyl chloride resin (as component B), stabilizer, plasticizer, and saccharide (as component C). Disclosed also herein is a process for producing said resin composition by mixing granular polyvinyl chloride resin (as component A), particulate polyvinyl chloride resin (as component B), stabilizer, plasticizer, and saccharide (as component C). The resin composition is suitable for the production of covering materials for automotive interior.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition which includes (A) 100 parts by weight of a flame retardant resin mixture of from 30 to 80 weight percent of a styrene series (A1) wherein the reduced viscosity of a methyl ethyl ketone-soluble component is from 0.2 to 0.55 dl/g in an N,N-dimethylformamide solution at 30.degree. C. and a concentration of 0.3 g/dl, and from about 70 to about 20 weight percent of a vinyl chloride resin (A2) having an average polymerization degree of from 400 to 800, (B) from about 0.5 to about 6 parts by weight of a heat stabilizer, the volatile loss of which after the heating to 240.degree. C. for one hour in air is not more than 50% by weight, and (C) from about 0.1 to about 5 parts by weight of a lubricant, the volatile loss of which after heating to 240.degree. C. for one hour in air is not more than 50% by weight.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for obtaining a thermoplastic rubber, from raw materials wich comprehend used rubber artifacts, like tires and other rubber products, devulcanized by means of physical, chemical, or physico-chemical process, transformed into an uniform and regular batch, wich is blended to a thermoplastic, thus obtaining a thermoplastic rubber for diversified industrial applications.

Abstract: Ternary alloys of PVC/CPVC/alloying polymers are disclosed which make use of the unexpected results of interactions between alloying polymers and CPVC and PVC, interactions which result in higher heat distortion temperatures than predictable by linear addition of the properties of the binary blends of PVC/CPVC and PVC/alloying polymer systems. This effect allows replacement of substantial amounts of alloying polymer with a predetermined amount of CPVC without changing substantially HDT or melt viscosity. Such effects allow the use of these ternary alloys in place of binary PVC/alloying polymer systems in injection molding and extrusion applications.

Abstract: Emulsion copolymers, for use as urea formaldehyde resin modifiers, are formed from vinyl chloride monomers, softening monomers, and functional monomers. The copolymer when blended with formaldehyde resins and used as a binder yields improved wet and dry tensile strength and better tear resistance. These binders are particularly useful as glass mat binders for the production of roofing shingles.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a resin and rubber composition with good heat-shrinkability characteristics. Also described is a resin and/or rubber composition having dispersed therein a metal compound used for heating the composition.

Abstract: A compatibilized polymer alloy has been developed which has excellent processability under thermaforming conditions and the molded articles produced from the alloy exhibit superior gloss, shrinkage, surface hardness, polarity, strength and high heat distortion. The alloy is, in general, comprised of a polyolefin composition, a polystyrene copolymer, or polymer blend, and a compatibilizing agent. This polymer composition or alloy is particularly useful in producing packaging materials and food containers.

Abstract: A polyvinyl chloride plastisol composition is provided, which contains as essential components (A) polyvinyl chloride resin particles prepared by microsuspension polymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of a polymethyl methacrylate resin soluble in vinyl chloride and having polymethyl methacrylate resin localized on the surfaces of the resin particles, and (B) a plasticizer, and which has excellent thermal stability and stability with time of viscosity. The composition can be used advantageously as a material for use in processing procedures in which heat accumulates in plastisol being retained, for example, in slush processing, dip processing, etc. or for use in coating processing in which adhesiveness is required.

Abstract: A lubricant for a thermoplastic resin, which is a three-stage polymer obtained by (A) polymerizing 80-100 w.t. % of methyl methacrylate and 0-20 w.t. % of other copolymerizable monomer so that the reduced viscosity .eta.sp/C of the obtained polymer is not higher than 2 dl/g, (B) polymerizing 30-70 weight parts of a monomer mixture composed of 20-80 w.t. % of an acrylic acid ester and 80-20 w.t. % of styrene or a substituted styrene in the presence of 10-60 weight parts of the polymer obtained at stage (A), so that the reduced viscosity .eta.sp/C of the copolymer obtained by polymerizing 5 to 30 weight parts of a monomer or monomer mixture composed of 50-100 w.t. % of a methacrylic acid ester and 0-50 w.t. % of other copolymerizable monomer in the presence of the two-stage polymer formed through stages (A) and (B), is that the total amount of the components used at staged (A), (B) and (C) is 100 weight parts and the reduced viscosity .eta.

Abstract: The invention relates to coating compositions for producing watertight, vapor-permeable and flame-retardant coatings, comprising a vinyl chloride copolymer or vinyl acetate/ethylene dispersion, flameproofing agents, foam stabilizer and optionally crosslinkers. The invention further relates to a process for producing watertight, vapor-permeable and flame-retardant coatings by mechanically foaming the coating composition to produce a stable foam, applying the foam to a woven, knitted or nonwoven support material on one or both of the sides and drying it at a temperature of from 60.degree. to 80.degree. C. and optionally, after drying, compressing the foam layer. The textile support materials coated with the coating composition are suitable for use in building protection and in the geotextile sector.

Abstract: An oxidized halogenated polymer is prepared by a process comprising (a) forming an admixture of an acidic oxidizing agent and a suspension of a particulate halogenated polymer in a polar liquid; (b) heating the admixture to a temperature sufficient to initiate the reaction between the polymer and the oxidizing agent; and (c) continuing the reaction until an oxidized polymer having a preselected extent of oxidation is obtained. At least one addition polymerizable compound is, optionally, grafted to the oxidized halogenated polymer. The oxidized halogenated polymer and graft copolymers thereof have physical properties different from the halogenated polymer and graft copolymers thereof. Certain graft copolymers are non-caking or free flowing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyvinyl chloride resin powder composition for rotational molding, which is prepared by dry-blending a plasticizer and a stabilizer with a polyvinyl chloride resin followed by incorporating from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin, of a finely divided polyvinyl chloride resin having a viscosity average polymerization degree of from 2000 to 5000 into the resulting dry blend. Also disclosed is a method of producing a molded article by subjecting the composition to rotational molding. The composition has good powder flowability for rotational molding, and the molded article from the composition is free from pin holes and blocks on the surface thereof.

Abstract: An ultra low density polyolefin foam having a density of about 0.6 to about 1.5 pounds per cubic foot comprising a heat-plastified mixture comprising (1) a non-elastomeric olefin polymer resin selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers, non-elastomeric copolymers of ethylene and a copolymerizable monomer, and propylene homopolymers; (2) an elastomer in an amount of about 3 to about 30 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of said non-elastomeric olefin polymer resin; (3) polystyrene in an amount of about 1 to about 15 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of said olefin polymer resin; (4) a stability control agent selected from the group consisting of partial esters of long chain fatty acids with polyols, higher alkyl amines, fatty acid amides, and olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymers, and (5) a hydrocarbon blowing agent having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a boiling point between -175.degree. C. and 50.degree. C.

Abstract: Blend compositions and process are provided comprising admixing of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride, each having specified inherent viscosity wherein the difference in the inherent viscosity of the polyvinyl chloride of the blend, measured in similar accordance with ASTM-D1243 is at least 0.2 units higher than the precursor polyvinyl chloride for the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride of the blend. Preferably the I.V. of the polyvinyl halide is from 0.2 to 1.0 units higher with the most preferred difference in I.V. (.DELTA.I.V.) being 0.35 to 0.65 units so as to yield a balance of property improvements including tensile strength, impact resistance, heat distortion temperature and weatherability. The compositions also can further comprise a Tg enhancing agents which otherwise embrittle conventional PVC compounds.

Abstract: A thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising, as the main blend components, 100 parts by weight of a crystalline chlorinated polyethylene with a chlorination degree of from 20 to 45% and a heat of crystal fusion of from 5 to 35 cal/g as measured by a DSC method and from 10 to 75 parts by weight of a plasticizer.

Abstract: A high impact polyvinyl halide composition containing a polyvinyl halide polymer, a high rubber content copolymer of acrylonitrile, bitadiene and styrene, a copolymer of .alpha. methyl styrene and acrylonitrile, and a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate.

Abstract: Matte vinyl chloride polymers are prepared by suspension polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer or a vinyl monomer mixture mainly comprising vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium in the presence of (A) a polyfunctional monomer having at least two ethylenic double bonds in a molecule and (B) a polymeric matting agent containing 3 to 25% by weight of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble gel fraction. The polymers are effectively moldable and present uniform matte effect.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions of a vinyl chloride polymer and one or more emulsion polymers made with special emulsifiers have improved properties for technical application, such as reduced fogging. They are used for the production of molded articles, sheet products and films.

Abstract: Optically transparent frosted polymeric articles are disclosed which can be produced in smooth molds. Polymeric articles, such as PVC bottles, are molded from a composition having two polymers with different viscoelastic properties. A particularly desirable composition is one containing both PVC and crosslinked PVC.

Abstract: A fabric reinforced thermoplastic composite which is reformable at a temperature less than about 100.degree. C. The thermoplastic comprises about 70 to 95% by weight of polyvinyl chloride and about 5 to 30% by weight of a halogenated polyvinyl chloride. The composite is used for forming orthotics and prosthesis devices.

Abstract: A foamable composition for producing an ultra low density polyolefin foam having a density of about 0.6 to about 1.5 pounds per cubic foot comprising a heat-plastified mixture comprising (1) an olefin polymer resin selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene and a copolymerizable monomer; (2) an elastomer in an amount of about 3 to about 30 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of said olefin polymer resin; (3) polystyrene in an amount of about 1 to about 15 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of said olefin polymer resin; (4) a stability control agent selected from the group consisting of partial esters of long chain fatty acids with polyols, higher alkyl amines, fatty acid amides, and olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymers, and (5) a hydrocarbon blowing agent having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a boiling point between -175.degree. C. and 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A vinyl chloride resin composition which comprises 100 parts by weight of a reaction product of a polyol-containing vinyl chloride polymer with an isocyanate compound, the urethane content in the reaction product being 30-60% by weight, 10-300 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride resin comprising 8-90% by weight of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble polyvinyl chloride gel portion and the remainder of a tetrahydrofuran-soluble portion and 0-200 parts by weight of a plasticizer.

Abstract: A method of imparting hydrophobic or abhesive properties to a substrate. A composition including a compound selected from the group consisting of(a) a compound of the formulaR.sub.1 R.sub.2 C.dbd.CR.sub.3 R.sub.4and an oligomer of polymer thereof;(b) a compound of the formula--(CR.sub.1 R.sub.2 --CR.sub.3 R.sub.4).sub.n --(c) a compound of the formula ##STR1## and an oligomer or polymer thereof wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; R.sub.4 is H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; A and B are independently H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 or --(CR.sub.1 R.sub.2 --CR.sub.3 R.sub.4).sub.n --; and n is an integer between 1 and 20,000,000 is applied to the surface of the substrate. When the composition cures, the substrate possesses superior water-proof and release properties.

Abstract: Blend compositions are provided comprising first polyvinyl chloride and a second polyvinyl chloride wherein the inherent viscosity (I.V.) of the second polyvinyl chloride, measured in accordance with ASTM1243 is at least about 0.2 units higher than the I.V. of the first polyvinyl chloride. Preferably the I.V. of the second polyvinyl chloride is from 0.2 to 1.0 units higher than the I.V. of said first polyvinyl chloride, with the most preferred difference in I.V. (.DELTA.I.V.) being 0.35 to 0.65 units so as to yield a balance of property improvements including impact resistance, heat distortion temperature, melt flow and melt viscosity. The higher I.V. PVC is present at from 0.1 to less than 20 weight percent of the total PVC content. The compositions also can further comprise melt flow enhancers and/or Tg enhancing agents.

Abstract: Disclosed in a delustered, thermally shrinkable polyvinyl chloride film which is obtained by extruding and orienting a polyvinyl chloride resin composition in which the polyvinyl chloride is a mixture of (A) a partially crosslinked polyvinyl chloride resin and (B) a non-crosslinked polyvinyl chloride resin in an (A)/(B) weight ratio of from 15/85 to 80/20; and in which the average polymerization degree of tetrahydrofuran-soluble portion of the polyvinyl chloride resin (B) is greater than that of tetrahydrofuran-soluble portion of the polyvinyl chloride resin (A).

Abstract: A blend of 5 to 95 percent of an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer and 95 to 5 percent of an amorphous polyamide having fewer than about 0.100 equivalents of carboxyl end groups per kilogram of polyamide exhibits improved oxidative and thermal stability. The blend is useful for preparing films and multiple layered structures including thermoformed structures and oriented shrink films.

Abstract: A poly(vinyl chloride) product is provided containing as a permanent plasticizer, a copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene which is copolymerized in the presence of porous particles of the PVC. The copolymerization is carried out in either suspension or emulsion and under conditions which provide a copolymer containing 60 to 85 wt % vinyl acetate in amounts from about 20 to 60 wt % of the vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer in the final composition. A free flowing powder is formed which can be used for PVC compounding operations. If over 60 up to 80 wt % of the composition contains the copolymer, the product is a reinforced VAE dispersion.

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride compositions as well as flexible sheets and swimming pool liners of such compositions which contain significant quantities of an ultra high molecular weight polyvinyl chloride resin together with a heat stabilizer, plasticizer and optional additives are disclosed. In preferred compositions: the PVC resin is a mixture of high molecular weight and ultra high molecular weight PVC: the heat stabilizer is a mixed zinc-barium-alkyl phosphite stabilizer; and the composition contains 2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) benzophenone as an ultraviolet light absorber.

Abstract: A vinyl chloride resin composition having an improved impact resistance with a good transparency which includes (A) a graft copolymer reinforcing agent prepared by emulsion-polmerizing 15 to 35 parts by weight of a monomer mixture in the presence of 85 to 65 parts by weight of a butadiene homopolymer or copolymer having a butadiene content as high as 82% by weight or more, said monomer mixture containing of 50 to 95% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer such as styrene, 0.1 to 40% by weight of a vinyl cyanide monomer such as acrylonitrile and 0 to 40% by weight of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith, and (B) a vinyl chloride resin.

Abstract: This invention relates to the flow improvement of compositions containing PVC to be modified for impact resistance, such as PVC-ABS polymer blends, during their processing, for example during injection molding, in processing machines by polymers based on alkyl methacrylate that are made up of at least 50 wt. % methyl methacrylate and with 2 to 50 wt. % C.sub.2-8 -alkyl methacrylates as monomers, with molecular weights Mw in the range of 2,000 to .ltoreq.20,000 g/mol.

Abstract: An impact modifier obtained by emulsion polymerizing acrylic monomer(s), etc., in the presence of a conjugated diene rubber to give a graft rubber polymer, or obtained by polymerizing acrylic monomer(s) and the like ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of the graft rubber polymer, is effective for improving impact resistance and weathering resistance of molded articles obtained from thermoplastic resin compositions containing such an impact modifier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising at least one elastomer and at least one plastic. The composition can be produced by preparing the elastomer and then blending it with the plastic. The composition can be subjected to an additional step of curing.

Abstract: Plastic materials having distributed therein discrete particles of crosslinked polymers having functional material entrapped within the polymer lattices during the in situ polymerization of the monomers forming the polymer for the purpose of a controlled release of the functional material.

Abstract: Polymer blend compositions comprises a polyvinyl halide polymer, an antistatic agent and a poly(alkylmethacrylate). Suitable antistatic agents comprise copolymers of epichlorohydrin and ethylene oxide. The poly(alkyl methacrylate) is included in the compositions in an amount effective to enhance the antistatic properties of the compositions.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, the invention herein relates to blends of a PVC-containing thermoplastic material and an impact modifier which blends have improved abrasion resistance and a reduced adhesion to glass, said impact modifier has Shore A hardness greater than 70 and is used in an amount of greater than 50 weight parts per 100 weight parts of said thermoplastic material.