Ethylenic Reactant Contains A Chlorine Atom And Is Other Than Vinyl(idene) Chloride Patents (Class 525/292)
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Patent number: 4403062Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 1981Date of Patent: September 6, 1983Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4393171Abstract: A continuous mass polymerization process for preparing rubber reinforced styrenic copolymers comprising forming a solution in an inert solvent of a styrenic polymer matrix and a monomer material capable of polymerizing to form a cross-linked rubbery polmyer, continuously charging the solution into a polymerization reactor and subjecting the solution to mass polymerization conditions whereby there is formed in situ a cross-linked rubbery polymer dispersed in the styrenic polymer matrix, continuously withdrawing the reaction mixture from the polymerization reactor and recovering the resulting rubber reinforced styrenic copolymer.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1981Date of Patent: July 12, 1983Assignee: Labofina, S.A.Inventors: William J. I. Bracke, Emmanuel Lanza
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Patent number: 4369292Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1980Date of Patent: January 18, 1983Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4346199Abstract: The invention relates to an emulsion polymerization process for preparing polymeric polyblends having rubber phases with high levels of grafted monomers providing polyblends with superior extruded glass and toughness. Diene rubber particles in latices are grafted with a monomer formulation of alkenyl aromatic and alkenyl nitrile monomers having present about 1 to 30% by weight of a myrcene triunsaturated aliphatic C.sub.10 H.sub.16 hydrocarbon. The myrcene unexpectedly increases the graft efficiency of the alkenyl aromatic and alkenyl nitrile monomers substantially as a superstrate on the rubber substrate particles such that a polyblend of a matrix phase polymer of said monomers having said grafted rubber dispersed therein has superior toughness and gloss.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1981Date of Patent: August 24, 1982Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Fred M. Peng, Edward F. Tokas
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Patent number: 4343729Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as tillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1981Date of Patent: August 10, 1982Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4340690Abstract: New compositions and a process for the preparation of conjugated diene polymers of broadened molecular weight distribution by reacting non-terminated lithium catalyzed conjugated diene polymers with cyclic organic compounds selected from the group of carbonates, thiocarbonates and sulfites. The resulting new compositions are suitable for use in making high impact plastics and for fabricating rubber goods.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1981Date of Patent: July 20, 1982Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventors: Joginder Lal, Michael L. Senyek
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Patent number: 4340691Abstract: New compositions and a process for the preparation of conjugated diene polymers of broadened molecular weight distribution by reacting non-terminated lithium catalyzed conjugated diene polymers with linear organic compounds selected from the group of carbonates, thiocarbonates and sulfites. The resulting new compositions are suitable for use in making high impact plastics and for fabricating rubber goods.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1981Date of Patent: July 20, 1982Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventors: Joginder Lal, Michael L. Senyek
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Patent number: 4331784Abstract: Polymer particles composed of particles of a polymer (I) consisting of 96 to 100% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and 4 to 0% by weight of at least one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and a (co-)polymer (II) comprising 100 to 10% by weight of a conjugated diolefin which is localized on the surface layer of the particles of the polymer (I) at a (I)/(II) weight ratio of 100/5-100/90. The localized polymer part of the polymer particles is very active, and the polymer particles are easy to modify with a monomer having any functional group, and hence are elemental materials having a high function and being utilizable for various purposes.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1980Date of Patent: May 25, 1982Assignee: Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshiyuki Ishibashi, Eijiro Tagami, Teruo Hiraharu, Shiro Yasukawa
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Patent number: 4322510Abstract: Impact-resistant polymers having excellent color, clarity and low permeability to gases and vapors are prepared by polymerizing in a specified manner an olefinically unsaturated nitrile such as acrylonitrile, an ester of an olefinic acid such as methyl acrylate, or a vinyl ester such as vinyl acetate, and a vinyl aromatic monomer such as styrene optionally in the presence of a diene rubber.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1980Date of Patent: March 30, 1982Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: William J. Miloscia, John A. Turnbaugh, Brandford E. Giddings
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Patent number: 4316971Abstract: An EPM or EPDM type of elastomer is modified by graft copolymerization with acylic ester type of monomeric material, said monomeric material being material whose homopolymer has a glass transition temperature of not greater than 6.degree. C., in an amount sufficient to provide an ester group (--COO--) content of from 25 to 40% by weight, to yield a mixed copolymerizate vulcanizable to a heat and oil resistant elastomeric state.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 1979Date of Patent: February 23, 1982Assignee: Uniroyal, Inc.Inventors: Yong S. Rim, John A. Davison, Walter Nudenberg
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Patent number: 4311809Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 1980Date of Patent: January 19, 1982Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4303756Abstract: A process for producing expandable thermoplastic resin beads which comprises suspending in an aqueous medium 20 to 70% by weight of a random copolymer of propylene and ethylene containing 1 to 10% by weight of ethylene and 99 to 90% by weight of propylene and 30 to 80% by weight of a vinyl aromatic monomer such as styrene, polymerizing the vinyl aromatic monomer in the presence of a polymerization catalyst to graft the vinyl aromatic monomer onto the backbone of the random copolymer and, optionally, adding a cross-linking agent, to form graft-copolymerized thermoplastic resin beads, and introducing a blowing agent into the thermoplastic resin beads. The resulting resin beads have excellent foamability and molding fusability, and a foamed shaped article having superior thermal stability can be prepared from these beads.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1980Date of Patent: December 1, 1981Assignee: Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Mutsuhiko Kajimura, Hideaki Sasaki
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Patent number: 4299931Abstract: Compatibilized polymer blends are described comprising a blend of olefin polymer, nitrile rubber, and a compatibilizing amount of block copolymer comprising nitrile rubber compatibilizing segments and olefin polymer compatibilizing segments.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1980Date of Patent: November 10, 1981Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Aubert Y. Coran, Raman Patel
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Patent number: 4297451Abstract: Polymers are prepared using dienyllithium initiators, a reaction product of organolithium with a 1,4-diolefin, to polymerize olefinically unsaturated monomers such as conjugated dienes under solution polymerization conditions to provide unsaturated polymers, branched polymers, graft polymers, polymers prepared by sequential polymerization, and coupled polymers.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1979Date of Patent: October 27, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Carl A. Uraneck, John E. Burleigh, Paul W. Solomon
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Patent number: 4293666Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1980Date of Patent: October 6, 1981Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4293667Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1980Date of Patent: October 6, 1981Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4284740Abstract: Vulcanizable compositions comprising a polar, water-soluble backbone polymer having a copolymer of an acrylic acid ester and a curing-site containing comonomer grafted thereon and a method for the production thereof, are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1980Date of Patent: August 18, 1981Assignee: American Cyanamid Co.Inventor: Eugene Y. C. Chang
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Polymers of conjugated dienes which have terminal conjugated unsaturated alicyclic functional groups
Patent number: 4284741Abstract: Alicyclic organomonolithium compounds having delocalized conjugated unsaturation are effective initiators in the preparation of polymers of conjugated dienes. Polymers of conjugated dienes, prepared with or without the alicyclic organomonolithium compounds, are terminated with alicyclic compounds having conjugated unsaturation. Either or both approaches can be used to provide polymers containing alicyclic conjugated unsaturated functional groups. Alternatively, polymers prepared from the alicyclic organomonolithium compounds can be coupled to produce linear or branched polymers. Polymers prepared from multichelic lithium compounds also can be terminated with alicyclic conjugated unsaturated compounds.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1980Date of Patent: August 18, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Carl A. Uraneck, John E. Burleigh -
Patent number: 4283506Abstract: A continuous process for polymerizing a monomer mixture of acrylate and diolefinic compound in the presence of a copolymeric matrix of styrene and acrylonitrile.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1980Date of Patent: August 11, 1981Assignee: Labofina, S.A.Inventors: William J. I. Bracke, Emmanuel Lanza
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Patent number: 4279795Abstract: Materials for forming a hydrogel when contacted with water having improved anti-thrombogenic properties and a highly improved mechanical strength are obtained by the copolymerization of a free radical-polymerizable vinyl monomer capable of forming a hydrophilic polymer and a hydrophobic macromolecular compound having a chain-terminated polymerizable double bond and a molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1973Date of Patent: July 21, 1981Assignee: Kuraray Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shuzo Yamashita, Kyoichiro Shibatani, Kiochi Takakura, Kiyokazu Imai
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Patent number: 4278777Abstract: A dry grafting method of grafting a vinyl monomer onto a polymer, which method comprises admixing into an essentially dry, solvent-swollen, finely-divided, particulate, solid, polymer admixture, wherein the polymer has free radicals formed thereon and the admixture is essentially free of a polymerization initiator, a small grafting amount in incremental portions of a vinyl-monomer material to be grafted onto the swollen polymer, the amount of vinyl monomer sufficient to maintain an essentially free-flow, stirrable, particulate admixture, and effecting grafting of the vinyl monomer to the polymer.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1980Date of Patent: July 14, 1981Assignee: Abcor, Inc.Inventors: Stephen Z. Jakabhazy, Laxmidas R. Patel
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Patent number: 4268433Abstract: Flame retardation of 1,2-polybutadiene based upon the use of halogenated bisphenol bisacrylate reactive flame retardants, for example, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloyl-3,5-dibromophenyl)-propane. Flame retardancy performance of UL 94 V-0 or V-1 has been achieved without impairing desirable dielectric properties and heat resistance inherently possessed by 1,2-polybutadiene. If an aromatic bismaleimide modifier, for example, N,N'-4,4'-diphenylmethane bismaleimide, is jointly used, a thermal expansion coefficient less than a half of the thermal expansion coefficient of cured 1,2-polybutadiene can be achieved.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1979Date of Patent: May 19, 1981Assignee: Fujitsu LimitedInventors: Norio Sawatari, Isao Watanabe, Kazumasa Saito, Katsura Adachi
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Polymers of conjugated dienes which have terminal conjugated unsaturated alicyclic functional groups
Patent number: 4258162Abstract: Alicyclic organomonolithium compounds having delocalized conjugated unsaturation are effective initiators in the preparation of polymers of conjugated dienes. Polymers of conjugated dienes, prepared with or without the alicyclic organomonolithium compounds, are terminated with alicyclic compounds having conjugated unsaturation. Either or both approaches can be used to provide polymers containing alicylic conjugated unsaturated functional groups. Alternatively, polymers prepared from the alicyclic organomonolithium compounds can be coupled to produce linear or branched polymers. Polymers prepared from multichelic lithium compounds also can be terminated with alicyclic conjugated unsaturated compounds.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1979Date of Patent: March 24, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Carl A. Uraneck, John E. Burleigh -
Patent number: 4253927Abstract: A material useful as a separator in batteries and a process for making the material is provided. This material is a polyolefin having grafted to it side chains derived from an ethylenically unsaturated ionogenic monomer and cross-linked with sulfur.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1978Date of Patent: March 3, 1981Assignee: ESB Inc.Inventors: Philip Bernstein, James P. Coffey, Alan E. Varker
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Patent number: 4252912Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing terpolymer polyblends having low gloss in extruded profiles wherein rubber particles contained in an aqueous latex are grafted with alkenyl aromatic, alkenyl nitrile and conjugated diolefin monomers to form a grafted rubber phase dispersed in a matrix phase of said monomers, at least a portion of said rubber particles becoming associated with said terpolymers as a gel fraction in said polyblend reducing the gloss of formed polyblend articles. The invention also relates to a composition prepared by said process.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1980Date of Patent: February 24, 1981Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventor: Edward F. Tokas
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Patent number: 4248987Abstract: A process for vulcanizing a rubber base comprising at least one halogen-containing amorphous polymer at a low temperature ranging from 5.degree. to 85.degree. C., which comprises carrying out the vulcanization in the presence of 0.01 to 20 parts by weight of an organic hydroperoxide and/or ketone peroxide per 100 parts by weight of the rubber base.In the above process, at least one member selected from the group consisting of (I) the oxides of metals, such as zinc, lead, chromium, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, manganese, copper and iron, or the metallic salts of said metals with aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acid having 8 to 24 carbon atoms; (II) methacrylic esters; (III) maleimides; and (IV) oximes, may be used as a vulcanization activator or a vulcanization accelerator in an amount of 0.01 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber base.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1979Date of Patent: February 3, 1981Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Isamu Maeda, Masashi Aoshima
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Patent number: 4239868Abstract: Structurally colored polymers, formed by polymerizing monomers of the acrylic type, containing 0.5% to 20% by weight of dyestuff in copolymerized form or grafted form which have a number-average molecular weight between 1000 and 12,880 g. and contain m hydroxy functions and n groups of the formula: ##STR1## in which X.sub.1 is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine or methyl;and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and represent hydrogen, chlorine, methyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or carboxyl;m being a number from 0 to 49and n being a number from 2 to 70such that the sum m+n is from 7 to 70and the ratio m/n is from 0 to 2.4.These polymers are used in particular for the formation of colored coating on various supports and surfaces.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 1978Date of Patent: December 16, 1980Assignee: Produits Chimiques Ugine KuhlmannInventors: Evelyne J. M. Bonnet, Philippe Y. E. Gangneux
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Patent number: 4238578Abstract: A chlorinated polyethylene elastomer or resin is modified by graft copolymerization with acrylic ester type of monomeric material, whose homopolymers have a glass transition temperature of not greater than 6.degree. C., in an amount sufficient to provide an ester group (--COO--) content of from 25 to 40% by weight, to yield a mixed copolymerizate vulcanizable to a heat and oil resistant elastomeric state.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 1979Date of Patent: December 9, 1980Assignee: Uniroyal, Inc.Inventors: Yong S. Rim, Walter Nudenberg, Robert Miller, Phillip J. Cangelosi
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Patent number: 4238577Abstract: A vulcanizable elastomeric composition comprising(a) from about 89-40%, by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of an acrylic acid ester, or mixture thereof, having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) radical, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OR', wherein R' is an alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) radical, or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CN;(b)from about 10-45%, by weight, same basis, of bis(2-methoxyethyl)fumarate, bis(2-methoxyethyl)maleate, or mixtures thereof,(c) from about 1-10%, by weight, same basis, of an unsaturated monomer containing a halogen atom or an epoxy group, and(d) from 0 to 5%, by weight, of polybutadiene, polychloroprene or polyisoprene.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1978Date of Patent: December 9, 1980Assignee: American Cyanamid CompanyInventor: Volker D. Arendt
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Patent number: 4235982Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a watersoluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 1978Date of Patent: November 25, 1980Assignee: Hercules, IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4230836Abstract: Polymers of p-methyl styrene can be cross-linked with chemical cross-linking agents, such as peroxides, to produce insoluble products. The methyl styrene used has a high content of the para-isomer. An important end use is for rigid food or beverage containers subjected to thermal conditions.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1979Date of Patent: October 28, 1980Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventor: Peter J. Canterino
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Patent number: 4229519Abstract: There is disclosed a radiation-sensitive composition and element comprising (a) a water-soluble polymer containing a quaternized nitrogen in a 5-membered ring and (b) a photoinitiator, and processes for preparing the polymer and for using the composition.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1979Date of Patent: October 21, 1980Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Gerald B. Sharp, Karel L. Petrak, John H. Boielle, Hans M. Wagner, John F. Langford
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Patent number: 4219630Abstract: In the preparation of impact-resistant alkenyl aromatic resinous polymers such as impact polystyrene containing halogenated monomer such as a brominated methacrylate, improved physical properties are obtained if the brominated monomer is added after phase inversion of the rubber and at a rate sufficiently slow as to maintain the identity of the rubber particles.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1977Date of Patent: August 26, 1980Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Donald C. Rulf, Edward F. Gurnee
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Patent number: 4169828Abstract: The production of polymer beads by a suspension polymerization process in which a vinyl aromatic monomer having a free-radical generating catalyst dissolved therein is suspended in an aqueous medium with the aid of from 0.1 to 2.0 percent by weight, based on monomer, of a finely divided phosphate suspending agent in the presence of a modifier and heated to cause the monomer to polymerize into polymer beads is improved by the addition to the suspension of at least about 0.01 percent by weight based on monomer of an adjunct modifier, such as certain aminoalkanecarboxylic acids and N-substituted derivatives thereof. The process of the invention is especially applicable in the preparation of large polymer beads.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1977Date of Patent: October 2, 1979Assignee: Arco Polymers, Inc.Inventor: Harold A. Wright