Abstract: A process for the preparation of novel polyamides, the use of such polyamides for the production of fibers, sheets and moldings, and fibers, sheets and moldings obtainable from such polyamides, are provided.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a water adsorbing/desorbing organic polymer material having excellent water adsorbing/desorbing performance and which is inexpensive and readily disposable by incineration or the like. In order to attain this object, water adsorbing/desorbing organic polymer materials of the present invention are characterized by having a polymer side chain containing a hydrophilic group on the backbone of an organic polymer base.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition comprising (1) a copolymer resin comprising (a) a monomer unit and (b) a monomer unit respectively represented by the following general formulae (I) and (II): wherein R1 represents hydrogen, a halogen, or a C1-C5 hydrocarbon group; R2 represents a halogen or a C1-C5 hydrocarbon group; x is 0 to 3; and each of m and n is a natural number, and (2) a cyanate resin having at least two cyanate groups per molecule. To provide a printed wiring board material and a printed wiring board for electronic appliance, having a low dielectric constant and a low dielectric dissipation factor as well as improved heat resistance.

Abstract: Improved anti-reflective coating compositions for use in integrated circuit manufacturing processes and methods of forming these compositions are provided. Broadly, the compositions are formed by heating a solution comprising a compound including specific compounds (e.g., alkoxy alkyl melamines, alkoxy alkyl benzoguanamines) under acidic conditions so as to polymerize the compounds and form polymers having an average molecular weight of at least about 1,000 Daltons. The monomers of the resulting polymers are joined to one another via linkage groups (e.g., —CH2—, —CH2—O—CH2—) which are bonded to nitrogen atoms on the respective monomers. The polymerized compound is mixed with a solvent and applied to a substrate surface after which it is baked to form an anti-reflective layer. The resulting layer has high k values and can be formulated for both conformal and planar applications.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing a mixture of (1) a copolymer of a polyalkene and an unsaturated acidic reagent and (2) a polyalkenyl derivative of an unsaturated acidic reagent, said process comprising (a) copolymerizing (1) a polyalkene containing alkylvinylidene isomer and non-alkylvinylidene isomers and (2) an unsaturated acidic reagent under polymerization conditions in the presence of a free radical initiator; and (b) reacting the product of step (a) with an unsaturated acidic reagent at elevated temperature in the presence of a strong acid. The product of the process can be used to make polysuccinimides that are useful in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: A tire having improved tear strength including at least one component comprising: a vulcanized elastomer; and up to about 35 parts by weight functionalized polyolefin per one hundred parts by weight rubber.

Abstract: Polymers derived from 4-acyloxystyrene are purified by fractionalization plus heating and cooling of the polymers in alcoholic solvents.

Abstract: A water based coating composition prepared by reacting an epoxy resin (A) having a bisphenol A skeletal structure and a carboxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B) in the presence of an amine compound to form an acrylic-modified epoxy resin (C), and neutralizing, and dispersing the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (C) into an aqueous medium, an amount of a quaternary ammonium salt in the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (C) being in the range of 3.0×10−4 mol or less per one gram of the resin.

Abstract: Elastomeric polymers that have been functionalized are shown to provide superior extruded profiles for use in vehicle sealing systems. Generally the polymers functionalized are the ethylene, -alpha-olefin, non-conjugated diene monomer terpolymers or ethylene, -alpha-olefin copolymers. The elastomeric polymers are functionalized with one or more of carboxylic acids, anhydrides, hydroxyl, epoxide or amine functionality. The functionalized elastomeric polymers are generally used in conjunction with non-functionalized elastomeric polymers. The functionalized elastomeric polymers provide superior adhesion to the additional components used to enhance functionality and/or aesthetics. Among the vehicle sealing systems discussed are glass run channels, inner belt line seals, outer belt line seals and door seals.

Abstract: A multi-functional cement dispersant contains a graft copolymer obtained by a graft reaction of one or more selected from polyoxyalkylene monoalkylester, polyoxyalkylene monoalkylether and polypropyleneglycol of specified kinds to a copolymer obtained by radical polymerization of a mixture of radical polymerizable monomers containing maleic anhydride and monomers of a specified kind at a specified ratio. Hydraulic cement compositions produced with such a multi-functional cement dispersant have a superior fluidity with reduced loss over time and hardened objects produced from such a composition exhibit a superior early strength and have a low dry shrinkage and a high resistance against freezing and thawing.

Abstract: Copolymers I carrying functional groups and comprising a) 20-60 mol % of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C6-dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof, b) 10-70 mol % of at least one oligomer of propene or of a branched 1-olefin of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, having an average molecular weight Mw of from 300 to 5000, and c) 1-50 mol % of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated compound which is copolymerizable with the monomers a) and b), a process for their preparation, oil-soluble reaction products obtainable therefrom by reaction with an amine and the use of said reaction products as additives for lubricants and fuels.

Abstract: An elastomer composition including an elastomer having a functional group, and a compound having a functional group, in which corresponding functional groups form a cross-link by at least one of an ionic bond, a hydrogen bond, and Diels-Alder reaction with temperatures, i.e., by heating, while the cross-link is cleaved at around room temperature, forming and cleaving of the cross-link being reversible.

Abstract: Curable flame-resistant substantially halogen free epoxy resin compositions, comprising: (a) one or more bifunctional or polyfunctional epoxy resin; (b) a specific phosphorous-containing compound; (c) a curing agent consisting of oligomers of styrene and maleic acid and/or maleic anhydride and/or salts or esters of maleic acid; (d) a curing catalyst; and optionally; (e) additives; prepregs derived from said compositions and laminates derived from said prepregs.

Abstract: A novel one-pot cost efficient process for the preparation of homo-, co- and terpolymers of p-hydroxystyrene or substituted p-hydroxystyrene and alkyl acrylates. The process involves polymerization of esters of p-hydroxystyrene (or its substituted analogs), alkyl acrylate monomers and/or one or more of ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an alcohol solvent in the presence of a free radical initiator. The reaction mixture containing the so formed polymer is subjected to transesterification conditions using a catalytic amount of catalyst to result in co- and/or terpolymers of p-hydroxystyrene without cleavage of the alkyl ester in the acrylate repeat unit, and then removing the catalyst from the system. Preferred embodiments include homopolymers of p-hydroxystyrene, copolymer of p-hydroxystyrene and tert-butyl acrylate and terpolymer of p-hydroxystyrene, tert-butyl acrylate and styrene. These polymers have a wide variety of applications including as photoresists in microelectronics industry.

Abstract: The present invention describes solvent and water based primer compositions comprising carboxylated polyolefins that have been modified with one or more polyfunctional alcohols. The carboxylated polyolefins are obtained by the reaction of polyolefins with unsaturated esters, unsaturated acids, unsaturated anhydrides, acrylic monomers, or mixtures thereof. The carboxylated polyolefins are then further modified by reaction with one or more polyfunctional alcohols. These modified polyolefins may also contain pendant carboxyl groups, which have the propensity to form hydrophilic salts with amines, therefore rendering the modified polyolefins water-dispersible. These primer compositions are useful for significantly improving the adhesion of paints to various plastic and metal substrates.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing a mixture of (1) a copolymer of a polyalkene and an unsaturated acidic reagent and (2) a polyalkenyl derivative of an unsaturated acidic reagent, said process comprising (a) copolymerizing (1) a polyalkene containing alkylvinylidene isomer and non-alkylvinylidene isomers and (2) an unsaturated acidic reagent under polymerization conditions in the presence of a free radical initiator; and (b) reacting the product of step (a) with an unsaturated acidic reagent at elevated temperature in the presence of a strong acid. The product of the process can be used to make polysuccinimides that are useful in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a moisture-absorbing and desorbing polymer, characterized in that, the said polymer is an organic high-molecular substance containing 1.0-8.0 meq/g of carboxyl group of a potassium type and having a cross-linking structure.

Abstract: Adhesion promoting compositions comprising mixtures of carboxylated unsaturated polymers and a) amines; b) amine derivatives; or c) mixtures of hydroxy compounds and quaternary phosphonium salt accelerators or quaternary ammonium salt accelerators are useful as components of curable elastomer compositions. The curable compositions exhibit excellent adhesion to fluoropolymers.

Abstract: A modified polybutene(polyisobutylene) containing isobutylene repeating units and having, in the main chain, at the ends, and/or at the side chains of the polymer chain thereof, free radicals stable at a room temperature and in the presence of oxygen, or having a half-ester structure, amide structure, onium salt structure, or imide structure or acid anhydride residual group, as well as a rubber composition containing the same.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a method for enabling the formation of a high damping compound. The method includes: reacting a poly(disubstituted ethylene-co-maleic acid anhydride) polymer with a primary amine under substantially dry conditions sufficient to form a poly(disubstituted ethylene-co-maleimide) polymer plasticizer, and, dispersing the poly(disubstituted ethylene-co-maleimide) polymer plasticizer within a rubber formulation to form a relatively high damping compound.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition comprising a co-reactable solid, particulate mixture of (a) beta-hydroxyalkylamide crosslinking agent, e.g., bis(N,N-di-2-hydroxyethyl)adipamide, and (b) polycarboxylic acid functional polymer, is described. The polycarboxylic acid functional polymer is prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization and has well defined polymer chain architecture and polydispersity index of less than 2.5. The thermosetting compositions of the present invention have utility as powder coatings compositions.

Abstract: A composition is provided which comprises catalase modified with a copolymer (A) and a second copolymer, i.e., copolymer (B). The copolymer (A) comprises an alkenyl ether, maleic anhydride, and at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of unsaturated carboxylic acid, vinyl compound and olefin, and copolymer (B) consists of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a monomer selected from the group consisting of a monomer having a carboxyl group and a monomer having an acid anhydride group, or a salt of the copolymer (B).

Abstract: Bi-component superabsorbent materials are disclosed. The superabsorbent materials comprise a mixture of about 20% to about 40%, by weight, poly-(vinylamine) polymer or other basic resin and about 60% to about 80%, by weight of an acidic water-absorbing polymer, like polyacrylic acid.

Abstract: A high-performance anti-reflective coating which highly absorbs a given light, e.g., deep ultraviolet rays, tenaciously adheres to substrates upon coating formation, is satisfactory in covering, and eliminates the influence of standing waves in the production of integrated circuits; novel light-absorbing polymers for forming the anti-reflective coating; and a process for producing the polymers. One of the polymers is produced by esterifying a copolymer comprising carboxylic anhydride groups and/or dicarboxylic acid groups such as maleic acid as basic recurring units with a hydroxylated aromatic chromophore. The unreacted carboxylic acid groups or acid anhydride groups remaining in the esterified light-absorbing polymer may be amidated and/or imidized with an aminated aromatic compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high temperature continuous polymerization and condensation process for preparing a polymeric product. The process includes continuously charging into a reaction zone: at least one radically-polymerizable monomer having a radically polymerizable group and at least one condensation reactive functionality; and at least one modifying agent having a functional group capable of reacting with the condensation reactive functionality. The reaction zone includes at least one primary reactor, but may, and preferably does, contain a secondary reactor. The process further includes maintaining an effective temperature in the primary reactor to cause polymerization of the monomer and to allow at least a portion of the condensation reactive functionality to react with the functional group of the modifying agent.

Abstract: A chemical amplifying type positive resist composition, excellent in adhesion to a substrate and good in resist performances and suitable for exposure using a KrF excimer laser, ArF excimer laser, or the like, which comprises a resin having a polymerization unit of 2-alkyl-2-adamantyl (meth)acrylate and a polymerization unit of a monomer selected from 3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl (meth)acrylate and (meth)acrylonitrile, and an acid generator is provided.

Abstract: The invention is directed to polymers containing a repeating unit derived from a norbornene sulfonamide. These may be addition polymers which include copolymers with one or more comonomers such as norbornene, ethylene, an acrylate or sulfur dioxide or carbon monoxide. Said monomers may be polymerized using single or multicomponent Group VIII catalysts. The norbornene sulfonamides can also form ROMP polymers using known metathesis catalysts. Preferably the ROMP polymers may be hydrogenated to give more stable polymers.

Abstract: In situ solvent free methods for making anhydride based graft copolymers which involve mixing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, an anhydride monomer, either a monofunctional polyglycol having a hydroxyl or amine terminal group or a polyfunctional polyglycol having a weight average molecular weight of greater than 5,000 and at least one terminal hydroxyl group, and a free radical initiator to form a mixture. The mixture is heated to form a copolymer having repeat units derived from the ethylenically unsaturated monomer and anhydride monomer, and a copolymer grafted polyglycol comprising a main polyglycol backbone having copolymer side chains which are heated to form an anhydride based graft copolymer. The anhydride based graft copolymers are especially useful as soil release agents in detergent formulations.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a method for enabling the formation of a high damping compound. The method includes: reacting a poly(disubstituted ethylene-co-maleic acid anhydride) polymer with a primary amine under substantially dry conditions sufficient to form a poly(disubstituted ethylene-co-maleimide) polymer plasticizer; and, dispersing the poly(disubstituted ethylene-co-maleimide) polymer plasticizer within a rubber formulation to form a relatively high damping compound.

Abstract: A radiation absorbing polymer is characterized by having a main chain copolymer containing recurring units of dicarboxylic acid or carboxylic anhydride group with an organic chromophore bonded to the carboxyl group through methylene or alkylene linkage group, where the organic chromophore is bonded to the carboxyl group by esterification reaction. Residual carboxyl groups of the radiation absorbing polymer can optionally be amidized and/or imidized with an aromatic compounds having a reactive amino group. When the photoresist is applied on the antireflective coating and is exposed by radiation such as deep ultraviolet radiation, a resist pattern with high resolving power is formed, which is not affected by standing wave upon manufacturing integrated circuit elements.

Abstract: The present invention is a process of hydrogenating high molecular weight aromatic polymers comprising hydrogenating the high molecular weight aromatic polymer in the presence of a silica supported metal hydrogenation catalyst, characterized in that the silica has a pore size distribution such that at least 98 percent of the pore volume is defined by pores having diameter of greater than 600 angstroms.