Abstract: A method for increasing the water-solubility of highly insoluble organic compounds by forming a complex product from the reaction between the organic compound and an aqueous solution of solid polyvinylpyrrolidone. The solubility of the organic compound can be increased at least 25-fold and the complex formed is highly stable at ambient conditions.

Abstract: An epoxy-sulfonylazide having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is lower alkyl and R' is hydrogen or lower alkyl.

Abstract: There is disclosed compounds of the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a radical of the structural formula:--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --NH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --yand y is 0,1,2 or 3; which when combined with a nonhalogenated vulcanizable diene containing elastomer such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, styrene/butadiene copolymers, terpolymers of acrylonitrile butadiene and styrene and blends thereof accelerate the rate of vulcanization without detrimentally impacting the processing safety of the rubber. These compounds either in free form structural formula (I) or as preformed complexes with zinc structural formula (II) in the plus 2 valence state offer significantly enhanced rates of cure and excellent final physical properties without a significant loss of processing safety. The preformed nonhalogenated zinc complexes (II) may be added to sulfur vulcanizable rubbers at levels that maintain typical levels of zinc in the rubber compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to the discovery that a morpholine polysulfide, such as morpholine tetrasulfide, in combination with a substituted triazine having at least one dialkyl dithiocarbamyl radical provides for excellent vulcanization of rubbers and results in an improved final rubber vulcanizate possessing superior physical properties and reversion resistance.

Abstract: A method for, and compositions, providing vulcanizable compounds of unsaturated polymers having an improved balance of scorch time and cure rates, ie., slow scorch times and fast cure rates, comprising adding to said vulcanizable polymers accelerating amounts of benzothiazolesulfenamides selected from the group consisting of N-oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, N-t-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide and N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, with N-oxydiethylenethiocarbamyl-N'-t-alkyl sulfenamides wherein the alkyl radicals contain 4 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cure system for a sulfur vulcanizable rubber. The cure system comprises:(a) from about 0.50 to about 2.0 phr of a sulfenamide accelerator selected from the group consisting of N-oxydiethylene benzothiazole-2 sulfenamide, N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, N-t-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide and N-oxydiethylene-thiocarbamyl-N'-oxydiethylene sulfenamide;(b) from about 0.10 to about 1.0 phr of a guanidine accelerator selected from the group consisting of diphenyl guanidine and di-ortho-tolylguanidine;(c) from about 0.10 to about 1.0 phr of a thiuram accelerator selected from the group consisting of tetraethyl thiuramdisulfide, tetramethyl thiuram monosulfide, tetramethyl thiuramdisulfide;(d) from about 0.05 to about 1.0 phr of mercapto benzothiazyl disulfide;(e) from about 0.75 to about 3.0 phr of a sulfur vulcanizing agent;(f) from about 0.05 to about 0.50 phr of N-cyclohexylthio-phthalimide;(g) from about 1.0 to about 5.

Abstract: A novel, highly water soluble complex of a substantially insoluble organic compound and a solid homopolymer or copolymer of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone. The complex exhibits water solubilities in excess of about 25-fold that of the insoluble organic compound. A method for producing the complex is disclosed wherein the polymer and insoluble compound are dissolved in a mutual solvent, allowed to react for a period of time sufficient to form the complex, and then the solvent is removed to produce the dried highly water-soluble complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rubber-like polybutadiene or a rubber-like butadiene-styrene copolymer suited for use in tire treads which are obtained by polymerization of the monomer(s) in the presence of an organolithium catalyst, followed by reacting a carbodiimide with the reactant product thereof so as to subject it to reaction at its living point, and if necessary, further reacting the product thus obtained with a trifunctional or higher-order coupling agent. The invention further relates to a process for the production thereof, and a rubber composition containing more than a definite amount of said polymer.

Abstract: Rubber compositions are disclosed which are characterized by enhanced adhesion to hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers and to metallic and fibrous materials, and also be improved modulus at 100% elongation, and hence are suitable particularly for use in tires, belts, molded articles, rubber rolls and hoses. Such physical characteristics are obtained by the use of specified amounts of a selected class of sulfurs, organic peroxides and triazine compounds combined with selected sulfur-curable base rubbers.

Abstract: Acrylic AB block copolymers that are useful as pigment dispersants and which are resistant to yellowing and other color changes, characterized by aromatic substituents bonded to the A segment of the block copolymer.

Abstract: A resinous composition for coating use which is excellent in weather resistance and in low temperature curing properties, comprising a resin having resinous acid value based on carboxyl groups derived from its constituting tetrachlorophthalic acid of 2 to 8, a resinous acid value based on sulfonic acid groups derived from its constituting sulfophthalic acid of 0.5 to 5, and a functional group capable of reacting with a crosslinking agent to be compounded with the resin. The present resin is useful, in the combination form with a crosslinking agent, as a resinous vehicle of a coating composition which is excellent in curing properties, weather resistance, pigment dispersibility and storage stability and is specifically useful as an intermediate or top coat paint for automobile bodies or the like.

Abstract: A rubber composition containing(A) a bismaleimide compound represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R is a divalent acyclic aliphatic group, cyclic aliphatic group, aromatic group, or alkylaromatic group, these groups optionally containing a hetero atom selected from O, N and S in their chain or side substituent,(B) a sulfenamide compound represented by the general formula (II) ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 denote independently from each other a hydrogen atom, an acyclic aliphatic group, or cyclic aliphatic group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together denote a chain aliphatic group which optionally contains an oxygen atom, provided that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 cannot simultaneously denote a hydrogen atom,(C) a dithiophosphoric acid compound represented by the general formula (III) ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: Water-soluble sulfonium salts are converted, without the elimination of odorous volatile by-products, to water-insoluble products useful as binders in coating formulations by heating a water-soluble cyclic sulfonium salt in which the sulfonium sulfur is bonded only to aliphatic carbons.

Abstract: Superior vulcanization agents for rubber are prepared by reacting sulfur with an olefin at 140.degree.-160.degree. C. in an aqueous reaction media in the presence of a basic catalyst and a dispersing agent.

Abstract: Uncured rubber compositions containing fused aromatic furazan oxides exhibit improved processability and reduced viscosity. Useful furazan oxides have both carbons of the furazan ring as part of a fused aromatic ring and include benzofurazan oxide and its methyl and methoxy analogs. Improvements in processability, green strength and liquification of NR can be achieved through use of these furazan oxides in uncured rubber compositions.

Abstract: A chlorinated rubber having a chlorine content of 10 to 45% by weight based on the weight of the chlorinated rubber and a Mooney viscosity, ML.sub.1+4 (121.degree. C.), of 10 to 190 is obtained by chlorinating an ethylene/alpha-olefin/non-conjugated diene copolymer rubber containing 5-vinyl-2-norbornene as the non-conjugated diene. The chlorinated rubber has excellent processability in roll milling, extrusion, etc.

Abstract: A scorch-resistant, curable, fluorinated elastomer gum composition is provided. A free-radically curable, fluorinated elastomer gum is compounded with an aliphatically unsaturated, diorganosulfur compound in which at least one of the organo moieties contains a .beta.,.gamma.-aliphatically unsaturated moiety having at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the .alpha. carbon atom of said moiety, said carbon atom being bonded to a sulfur atom of the compound. The diorganosulfur compound reduces the tendency of the compounded fluorinated elastomer gum to scorch, i.e. begin curing prematurely, in the presence of a free-radical curing agent during compounding and shaping of the gum at elevated temperatures below the intended cure temperature. Specific examples of said compounds include 2,5-dihydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide, 2,5-dihydrothiophene-1-oxide, and diallylsulfide.

Abstract: This invention relates to the discovery that a morpholine polysulfide, such as morpholine tetrasulfide, in combination with a substituted triazine having at least one dialkyl dithiocarbamyl radical provides for excellent vulcanization of rubbers and results in an improved final rubber vulcanizate possessing superior physical properties and reversion resistance.

Abstract: A covalently bonded reaction product of:(a) a sulfomaleic anhydride adduct with an unsaturated hydrocarbon polymer; and(b) a polar molecule containing at least one primary or secondary amino group.

Abstract: Vulcanizable fluoroelastomer compositions having as base a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride (from 40 to 84 mol %) with perfluoropropene (15 to 30 mol %) and with tetrafluoroethylene (0.30 mol %) and containing a vulcanizing agent of the polyhydroxy compound type, an accelerator of the aminophosphinic compound type, metal oxides and/or hydroxides of basic character and an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl compound from the group of phosphoric esters, aminophosphoric esters, sulfoxides and sulfones.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I or II ##STR1## in which n is 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is phenyl, substituted phenyl, alkyl, substituted alkyl, hydrogen, --OH or amino, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl, R.sup.4 is alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, alkylene or arylene, X is --O--, --S--, --CH.sub.2 -- and Y is a direct bond or --CH.sub.2 -- are latent hardening catalysts for acid curable resins. The catalysts are activated by heat and are used in heat-hardening high-solids industrial varnishes and for coil-coatings, can and wood varnishes.

Abstract: A novel mixture comprises a dihydrocarbyl xanthogen polysulphide and a xanthate selected from metal hydrocarbylxanthates and dihydrocarbylxanthates. Such a mixture can be used to cure a vulcanizable rubber composition containing less than 0.4 parts by weight of nitrosatable materials per 100 parts by weight rubber; the use of toxic conventional nitrogen-containing accelerators such as amines can be avoided.

Abstract: A vulcanization accelerator containing as an active ingredient a compound having at least one dithiocarbamoyl group, which is shown by the following general formula [I], a means for accelerating vulcanization by adding said compound and rubber products having improved quality which is attained by using said compound as a vulcanization accelerator: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands for an alkyl group having one to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms, A stands for a group shown by the formula ##STR2## or metallic atom; in which x represents zero or an integer of 1 to 5, R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to the novel water soluble chlorothiazide-furosemide-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) complex which is derived from the reaction of these components in alkaline media and to the process for the preparation of said complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymeric composition which may be processed with increased scorch safety while retaining good physical properties. The composition of the invention comprises the combination of a specific retarder (vulcanization inhibitor) and at least one of two specific accelerators, and such composition prevents premature vulcanization of the chloroprene while it is being mixed and processed, yet provides excellent cure characteristics at the proper time, producing polymeric products with excellent dynamic properties.

Abstract: A process for modifying a polymer of a conjugated diene, which comprises reacting a polymer of a conjugated diene containing at least one metal selected from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals with a compound having a linkage of the following formula ##STR1## wherein X represents an oxygen or sulfur atom, in the molecule.

Abstract: A granular composition of ethylenethiourea-chloroprene rubber is produced by adding dropwise a mixture of chloroprene rubber latex and ethylenethiourea at a ratio of 5-100 wt. % per rubber of said rubber latex and a macromolecular polyanion having carboxyl group or hydroxyl group at a ratio of 2-8 wt. % per rubber of said rubber latex lower than 10.degree. C. into an aqueous solution containing at least one of alkaline earth metal salt at lower than 10.degree. C. for form granule and then, dehydrating and drying the granule.

Abstract: A compound of the formulaR.sup.1 --NHC(O)NHSC(S)NR.sup.2 R.sup.3wherein R.sup.1 is phenyl; phenyl substituted with halogen, alkyl, NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and are hydrogen or alkyl; alkoxy, alkylthio, methylenedioxy, COOR.sup.6 wherein R.sup.6 is alkyl; or NHCOOR wherein R.sup.7 is alkyl; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different and are alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl, and R.sup.2 plus R.sup.3 are alkylene, oxydialkylene or thiodialkylene.

Abstract: The invention is directed to bis-(2-ethylamino-4-diethylamino-s-triazin-6-yl)-tetrasulfide and a process for its production from the corresponding mercaptotriazine. The compound of the invention is employed in vulcanizable mixtures as a cross-linker or as vulcanization accelerator.

Abstract: Thioxanthone carboxylic acid esters, thioesters and amides with reactive functional groups of the formula ##STR1## in which X, Y, Z, n and Q are as defined in the patent claim and Q is, for example, --OCH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --OCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --SCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --NHCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 (n=1), --OH, --SH, --NH.sub.2, --COOH, --COCl or --OCO--C(R").dbd.CH.sub.2, in which R" is methyl or hydrogen (n=2), are suitable for the preparation of polymers with thioxanthone radicals in side chains. The compounds (I) and also the polymers which can be prepared therefrom can be employed as sensitizers for photocrosslinkable polymers or as initiators, if desired in a mixture with amines, for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds or for the photochemical crosslinking of polyolefines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polymers which are sulfomaleic anhydride adducts of an unsaturated hydrocarbon, wherein the novel polymers are produced by contacting sulfomaleic anhydride or derivatives with an unsaturated hydrocarbon to form the novel polymer, which has a M.sub.n of about 900 to about 10.sup.7.

Abstract: The alkyllithium initiated preparation of terminally functional polymers in high yield is accomplished by first capping a macromolecular polymer with an alkylene sulfide prior to terminating the molecule with a halogenated compound containing a polymerizable moiety. The resulting macromolecular monomers are useful in the preparation of graft copolymers by copolymerizing the macromolecular monomers with monomers copolymerizable therewith.

Abstract: A curable rubber composition composed of a halogen-containing rubber and at least one member selected from the group consisting of a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator other than thiazole-type vulcanization accelerators is cured under heat in the presence of, as an acid acceptor, a calcinated product of a hydrotalcite compound of the following formulaM.sub.x.sup.2+ Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.2x+6-nz (A.sup.n-).sub.z.mH.sub.2 O (1)wherein M.sup.2+ represents at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Mg and Zn, A.sup.n- represents an anion having a valence of n, m represents a positive number, and x and z represent positive numbers satisfying the following expressions12>x.gtoreq.2,z.ltoreq.2.The cured product has improved water resistance.

Abstract: A rubber composition having satisfactory adhesion brass plated steel cords which does not substantially degrade with high humidity comprising 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of cobalt salt and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trithiol as the adhesive component; or further including as the adhesive component 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of resorcinol or substituted phenol-formaldehyde resin and 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of melamine derivative represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein in the formula above R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are radicals selected from the group consisting of --CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3 and --CH.sub.2 OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; R.sub.3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of --OCH.sub.3 and --OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; R.sub.6 is a radical selected from the group consisting of --CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3 and --CH.sub.2 OC.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; and wherein n equals integer from 1 to 5.

Abstract: The alkyllithium initiated preparation of terminally functional polymers in high yield is accomplished by first capping a macromolecular polymer with an alkylene sulfide prior to terminating the molecule with a halogenated compound containing a polymerizable moiety. The resulting macromolecular monomers are useful in the preparation of graft copolymers by copolymerizing the macromolecular monomers with monomers copolymerizable therewith.

Abstract: The alkyllithium initiated preparation of terminally functional polymers in high yield is accomplished by first capping a macromolecular polymer with an alkylene sulfide prior to terminating the molecule with a halogenated compound containing a polymerizable moiety.

Abstract: A hormite inclusion complex which comprises hormite having adsorbed and/or supported thereon at least one member selected from the group consisting of s sulphur and a sulphur-donating agent.The hormite inclusion complex is for example used in the vulcanization of rubber, there are entirely eliminated the scorching and bloom phenomena which have often been encountered in the utilization of sulphur or sulphur-donating agent alone according to the conventional procedures.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of organo-sulfur substituted pyridine compounds as reinforcing promoters and coupling agents for silica filled rubber compositions.

Abstract: Semipermeable membranes of polyacrylonitrile or copolymers of acrylonitrile and other ethylenically unsaturated monomers are chemically modified through reaction with (a) hydroxylamine and (b) a poly functional ionic colorless cyclic carbonic acid imide-halide capable of reaction with amidoxime groups, and optionally containing ionic groups. The new membranes show good compaction and solvent resistance and are stable over a broad temperature and pH range. They are suitable for reverse osmosis and especially ultrafiltration processes.

Abstract: A composition comprising 100 parts of an elastomer selected from the group consisting of EPDM, butyl rubber and a EPDM-butyl rubber mixture; 0.1 to 3.0 parts of a compound having the structural formula [(CH.sub.2).sub.n NCS].sub.2 S.sub.6, where n is 4 or 5; and 0 to 5.0 parts of a sulfur donor curative is disclosed. The composition has particular application as roof sheeting or flashing.

Abstract: The present invention concerns new acid colorant and copolymer salts carrying tertiary amine functions, the process for preparing said salts, as well as the makeup compositions and in particular the lipsticks and nail varnishes containing as coloring substances the saits according to the invention.

Abstract: Improved tack, green strength or non-black filler interaction capability are realized in a treated diene rubber. The method of treating diene rubber to achieve the improvements is shown, together with a composition in which maleamic acid or derivatives of maleamic acid are combined with sulfur or an organic sulfur compound capable of generating a thiyl radical.

Abstract: Vulcanizable, elastomeric, sulphur-modified polychloroprene rubbers having improved properties are obtained by adding up to 40%, by weight, of SBR latex (solids, based on total solids) before working-up and before or after peptization.

Abstract: Quinolinium sulfonates of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl substituted by halogen, hydroxyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, or it is C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkenyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 -phenylalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen, --CN, --COO(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl), --CHO, hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, an acyloxy group R.sup.7 COO--, a group R.sup.8 --CH.dbd.CH--, C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 -phenylalkyl or phenyl, R.sup.6 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl which is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, halogen or a group R.sup.7 CONH--, or it is fluorine, NH.sub.2 or CF.sub.3, and R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 independently of one another are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl, are suitable as latent curing catalysts for acid-curable stoving lacquers.

Abstract: By adding substances corresponding to the following general formula I ##STR1## in which X=O, S or N--R.sub.5 ; R.sub.1 =hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.19 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.19 -alkenyl, phenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylene phenyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkenyl; R.sub.2 =hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.19 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylene phenyl; R.sub.3 =hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.19 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.19 -alkenyl, phenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylene phenyl, acryl formyl or acetyl; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 =same or different, C.sub.1 -C.sub.19 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.19 -alkenyl, phenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylene phenyl, acryl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkenyl; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 may also form a C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 -ring which may optionally contain an oxygen atom in ether form and the radicals R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may form a C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -alkylene bridge or a C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -alkenylene bridge, the radicals R.sub.

Abstract: Adsorbents are provided for the affinity-specific separation of macromolecular materials, particularly biopolymers, the adsorbents comprising a polymeric carrier on to which an affine residue for the macromolecular material is covalently bound, either directly or via polymeric spacer. Preferred affine residue is comprised of a specific complex formers which are base-specific and/or structure specific for the macromolecular material. The invention also provides novel complex formers comprising a certain dyestuff residues and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: Vulcanizable rubber compositions are described which are inhibited from premature vulcanization by thio-substituted-1,3,5-triazine-diamine or -triamine.

Abstract: A curable composition of a halogen-containing polymer composed of(1) 100 parts by weight of a halogen-containing polymer,(2) as a crosslinking agent, about 0.1 to about 10 parts by weight of a 2,3-dimercapto-pyrazine or -quinoxaline compound having the following formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are identical or different and represent hydrogen or organic radicals, and(3) as an acid acceptor, about 0.5 to about 50 parts by weight of a compound of a metal of Group II of IVa of the periodic table.

Abstract: The invention is directed to curable compositions comprising an azole-functional resin and a labile metal-ligand complex. The azole-functional resin is the reaction product of a monomeric or polymeric resin and a reactive N-heterocyclic compound containing at least two nuclear nitrogen atoms in a 5-membered ring structure capable of forming stable metal-ligand complexes. Mixtures of azole-functional resins also may be used with the labile-metal ligand complexes in the compositions of the invention.

Abstract: A curable composition of halogen-containing polymer composed of(1) 100 parts by weight of a halogen-containing polymer,(2) as a crosslinking agent, about 0.1 to about 10 parts by weight of a 2,4-dithiohydantoin having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are identical or different and represent a member selected from the class consisting of a hydrogen atom, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl groups, C.sub.6 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl groups, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 alkenyl groups, C.sub.6 -C.sub.8 aryl groups and C.sub.7 -C.sub.8 aralkyl groups, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are bonded together to form a 5- or 7-membered hydrocarbon ring which may contain a nitrogen atom and have at least one lower alkyl group as a substituent,or a metal salt thereof, and(3) as an acid acceptor, about 0.5 to about 50 parts by weight of a compound of a metal of Group II of IVa of the periodic table.