Abstract: Essentially ethylene thiourea free cross linkable composition comprising a chloroprene rubber having defined contents of cations from the second or third main group and resinate anions are provided, which possess improved curing characteristics for increased productivity and lower vulcanization temperatures for energy-saving manufacturing methods and vulcanizates obtained by using said chloroprene rubber.

Abstract: Essentially ETU-free cross linkable compositions comprising chloroprene rubber, a cross-linker and a vulcanization accelerator, which have a defined content of ions from the second or third main group and resinate anions and thus possesses improved curing characteristics, a process for vulcanization of such compositions and vulcanizates obtained thereby.

Abstract: Solution suitable for accelerating the cure of a curable resin using a peroxide, said accelerator solution comprising (i) at least one organic solvent, (ii) a manganese salt, a copper salt, or a combination thereof, and (iii) an iron complex of a tetradentate, pentadentate or hexadentate nitrogen donor ligand.

Abstract: Organic polymeric bi-metallic alkoxide or aryloxide composites are used as dielectric materials in various devices with improved properties such as improved mobility. These composites comprise a poly(meth)acrylate or polyester having metal coordination sites, and the same or different bi-metallic alkoxide or aryloxide molecules that are coordinated with the organic polymer. The bi-metallic alkoxide or aryloxide molecules can be represented by Structure (I) shown herein. Such composites are generally soluble at room temperature in various organic solvents and be provided in homogeneous organic solvent solutions that can be suitably applied to a substrate to form dielectric materials.

Abstract: An acid-functional polymer is reacted with a transition metal compound having an average particle size small enough to react with the polymer at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the polymer, e.g., at room temperature, to produce cross-linked polymer. The process produces a liquid polymer product that dries to a cross-linked film without the required presence of volatile ligands. Improved coatings such as floor polishes that can be formed from these cross-linked polymers are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising (i) a polymer, (ii) an organic compound A carrying at least two amide functionalities, and (iii) 12 to 1'000 parts per million (ppm) of a compound B selected from the group consisting of an organic compound C carrying at least two amide functionalities, sugar alcohol acetals and derivatives thereof, metal salts of organic acids and precursor-systems thereof, metal salts of organic phosphoric acids and precursor-systems thereof and metal salts of polyols and precursor-systems thereof, and mixtures thereof, based on the weight of the polymer, as well as shaped articles obtainable from this composition.

Abstract: The metathetic degradation of nitrile rubber can be improved by use of a combination of metal-carbene complex catalysts with specific transition metal additives.

Abstract: Rubbery polymers made by anionic polymerization can be coupled with tin halides or silicon halides to improve the characteristics of the rubber for use in some applications, such as tire treads. In cases where the rubbery polymer was synthesized utilizing a polar modifier it is difficult to attain a high level of coupling. This invention is based upon the unexpected finding that coupling efficiency can be significantly improved by conducting the coupling reaction in the presence of a lithium salt of a saturated aliphatic alcohol, such as lithium t-amylate. This invention discloses a process for coupling a living rubbery polymer that comprises reacting the living rubbery polymer with coupling agent selected from the group consisting of tin halides and silicon halides in the presence of a lithium salt of a saturated aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: Processes for improving the thermal stability of living polymer anions are provided. The invention further improves the efficiency of subsequent functionalization and linking reactions of such living polymer anions.

Abstract: Rubbery polymers made by anionic polymerization can be coupled with tin halides or silicon halides to improve the characteristics of the rubber for use in some applications, such as tire treads. In cases where the rubbery polymer was synthesized utilizing a polar modifier it is difficult to attain a high level of coupling. This invention is based upon the unexpected finding that coupling efficiency can be significantly improved by conducting the coupling reaction in the presence of a lithium salt of a saturated aliphatic alcohol, such as lithium tamylate. This invention discloses a process for coupling a living rubbery polymer that comprises reacting the living rubbery polymer with coupling agent selected from the group consisting of tin halides and silicon halides in the presence of a lithium salt of a saturated aliphatic alcohol. The lithium salt of the saturated aliphatic alcohol can be added immediately prior to the coupling reaction or it can be present throughout the polymerization and coupling process.

Abstract: A continuous process for oligomers which do not contain, as polymerized units, carboxylic acid-containing monomers and their salts, including the steps of: (1) forming a reaction mixture, substantially free of carboxylic acid-containing monomers and their salts, containing: (i) 0.5 to 99.95% by weight of the reaction mixture of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer; and (ii) 0.05 to 25% by weight, based on the weight of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer, of at least one free-radical initiator; and (2) continuously passing the reaction mixture through a heated zone wherein the reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature of at least 150° C. and a pressure of at least 30 bars for from 0.1 seconds to 4 minutes to form terminally-unsaturated oligomers. In addition, processes for forming oligomers of vinyl acetate and oligomers of vinyl alcohol are disclosed. Mixtures of fully saturated and terminally unsaturated oligomers are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of producing modified vinyl ether polymers, wherein vinyl ether polymers comprising recurring units of general formula (I) where R represents a C2-C4 alkyl group and x denotes an integer from 10 to 1000, are partially transetherified with compounds of general formula Y—OH, wherein Y represents aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups comprising 5 to 30 carbon atoms, the hydrogen atoms of which can be replaced at least in part by halogen atoms and/or aryl radicals, and/or represents aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and/or aromatic groups with a molecular weight of up to 6000 which contain at least one ether group —O— or an ester group —COO— within the molecule, in the presence of compounds of the platinum metals with the release of the corresponding C2-C4 alcohols, wherein statistically at least one R radical is replaced by a Y radical per molecule of vinyl ether polymer.

Abstract: Rubbery polymers made by anionic polymerization can be coupled with tin halides or silicon halides to improve the characteristics of the rubber for use in some applications, such as tire treads. In cases where the rubbery polymer was synthesized utilizing a polar modifier it is difficult to attain a high level of coupling. This invention is based upon the unexpected finding that coupling efficiency can be significantly improved by conducting the coupling reaction in the presence of a lithium salt of a saturated aliphatic alcohol, such as lithium t-amylate. This invention discloses a process for coupling a living rubbery polymer that comprises reacting the living rubbery polymer with coupling agent selected from the group consisting of tin halides and silicon halides in the presence of a lithium salt of a saturated aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: A super absorbent polymer composition comprising a chelating compound (A) which has a site capable of forming a chelate with a copper ion and whose copper salt has a solubility in physiological saline at 25° C. of 0.01% by weight or less and a super absorbent polymer (B), wherein the chelating compound (A) is present in an amount of from 0.0001 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said super absorbent polymer (B).

Abstract: A superabsorbent resin composition comprising the following components (A), (B) and (C), wherein (A) is a superabsorbent resin, (B) is a metal compound containing at least one metal A selected from the group consisting of titanium and zirconium and (C) is a chelating agent.

Abstract: Organometal-containing acrylate or methacrylate derivatives and photoresists comprising the polymers thereof. Unlike conventional matrix polymers of photoresist, the polymers induce a difference in silicon content between exposed regions and unexposed regions of photoresists by releasing their silicon-containing side chains with the aid of acid in a chemical amplification manner. The difference in silicon content causes the exposed regions to be etched at a different rate from that of the unexposed regions under oxygen plasma.

Abstract: Stable electron acceptor compositions are composed of a plurality of pillared metal complexes disposed on a supporting substrate. At least one Group VIII metal at zero valence is entrapped within this matrix. The complexes comprise from one to about 100 units of the formula:--(Y.sup.1 O.sub.3 --Z--Y.sup.2 O.sub.3)Me.sup.Y --Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 being phosphorus or arsenic; Z being a divalent group which reversibly forms a stable reduced form and contains two conjugated cationic centers having a negative E.sup..smallcircle..sub.red value; and Me.sup.Y being a divalent, trivalent, or tetravalent metal of Group IIIA, IIIB, IVA, or IVB having an atomic number of at least 21 or a lanthanide with bonded anions. The units are bound to the substrate through an organic polymer having side chains derivatized with phosphonate or arsonate groups. Counter anions balance the charge of Z. The compositions can be used in the decomposition of water to yield hydrogen gas, the sensing of oxygen, and as catalysts.

Abstract: There is provided a method of introducing functionality into a copolymer of an isoolefin and an alkylstyrene at the alkylbenzyl carbon atom comprising the steps of: forming a solution of said copolymer in a hydrocarbon solvent; adding to said polymer solution an alkali metal Na, K, Rb, Cs alkoxide and an alkyl lithium compound to form a superbase with the polymer solution; and adding an electrophile to the metalated polymer solution; also provided are the metalated copolymers and the functionalized derivatives therefrom.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a star shaped block polymer of formula (PA--PB--PC).sub.n --N--(PD--PE).sub.m wherein PA, PB and PC are respectively vinylaromatic/methacrylic blocks, acrylic blocks and methacrylic blocks. PD is a polymer block selected from vinylaromatic and/or methacrylic monomer units, PE is an acrylic polymer block, n is 2 to 20 and m is 0 to 18 with the proviso that m+n is .ltoreq.20. The process proceeds by anionic polymerization in the presence of a monofunctional initiator of formula (II),(R).sub.p --Mwherein M is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, p is 1 or 2 and R is a straight or branched alkyl radical having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 substituted alkyl radical.

Abstract: There is provided a method of introducing functionality into a copolymer of an isoolefin and an alkylstyrene at the alkylbenzyl carbon atom comprising the steps of: forming a solution of said copolymer in a hydrocarbon solvent; adding to said polymer solution an alkali metal Cs, K, Na alkoxide and an alkyl lithium compound to form a superbase with the polymer solution; and adding an electrophile to said base polymer solution also provided are the metalated copolymers and the functionalized derivative therefrom.

Abstract: A composition for regenerating spent weak cation exchange resin and a method of utilization including salts of .alpha.-hydroxy carboxylic acids or o-hydroxy benzoic acids. The following steps are employed in cyclically regenerating polycarboxylic acid cation exchange resins: (a) utilizing a charged or alkali metal salt of polycarboxylate acid cation resin to soften water; (b) regenerating the spent resin in one step with an active regenerant of the .alpha.-hydroxy carboxylic acids or o-hydroxy benzoic acids to produce spent regenerant; (c) precipitating the polyvalent hard ions in the spent regenerant with sodium or potassium carbonate to reform the active regenerant; (d) separating the precipitate; and (e) concentrating the dilute active regenerate solution to its approximate initial concentration and recovering of water for process rinses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the N-oxidation of polyamine polymers comprising treating said polyamine polymers with an effective amount of hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous or partly aqueous solution in the presence of heavy metal ion sequestrant and a metal oxide catalyst selected from tungstate, molybdate and vanadate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical filter comprising: a resin material obtained by copolymerizing a monomer represented by the following formula (I) and a monomer copolymerizable therewith; and a metallic compound mainly composed of a copper compound;PO(OH).sub.n R.sub.3-n (I)wherein R represents ##STR1## (wherein X represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and m is an integer of 0 to 5), and n is 1 or 2.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical filter comprising: a resin material obtained by copolymerizing a monomer represented by the following formula (I) and a monomer copolymerizable therewith; and a metallic compound mainly composed of a copper compound;PO(OH).sub.n R.sub.3-n (I)wherein R represents ##STR1## (wherein X represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and m is an integer of 0 to 5), and n is 1 or 2.

Abstract: Triorganotin toxicants are disclosed that are made of mixed saturated and unsaturated four-carbon chains with double bonds at C-1 and C-3. Incorporation of these compounds into random 50:50 copolymers of methacrylic acid and methylmethacrylate produces copolymer compositions that may be used as antifouling coatings for ship hulls. Methods for manufacturing the triorganotin toxicants and the copolymer compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The emission of the highly toxic volatile products, such as methyl bromides or iodides, or ethyl bromides or iodides, during the cure with peroxides of fluoroelastomers containing bromine or iodine atoms is substantially reduced by adding to the cure mix small amounts of substances capable of combining with the radicals which give rise to the aforesaid toxic products, thereby preventing them from forming. This procedure does not sensibly affect the cure trend and results.

Abstract: Method for crosslinking (co)polymers comprising chlorine, ester, NH or carbonate groupings, according to which said (co)polymer is reacted at between 100.degree. and 300.degree. C., and without the presence of a solvent, with a tin-, lead-, bismuth- or antimony-based organometallic alcoholate. Mixtures, crosslinkable compositions and shaped objects are also described.

Abstract: A curable composition characterized in that the composition comprises:(a) a nonaqueous dispersion of a particulate polymer insoluble in an organic liquid and prepared by polymerizing a radical-polymerizable unsaturated monomer in the organic liquid in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer resin, the stabilizer resin being a polymer consisting essentially of an alkoxysilane-containing vinyl monomer which is a compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein X is ##STR2## R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or methyl, R.sub.2 is a bivalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are each phenyl, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkoxyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 is alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of from 1 to 100; anda curing catalyst, or a chelate compound serving as a crosslinking curing agent admixed with the nonaqueous dispersion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition curable at a low temperature and characterized in that the composition comprises:(a) a nonaqueous dispersion of a particulate polymer insoluble in an organic liquid and prepared by polymerizing a radical-polymerizable unsaturated monomer in the organic liquid in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer resin, the stabilizer resin being at least one of a copolymer comprising as its monomer components an oxirane-containing vinyl monomer and an alkoxysilane-containing vinyl monomer and a vinyl copolymer comprising as its monomer components a polysiloxane macromonomer and an oxirane-containing vinyl monomer,(b) a chelate compound admixed with a nonaqueous dispersion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition, a process for making the composition, and blends comprising the composition, wherein the composition comprises (a) an at least partially neutralized carboxylated ethylene-propylene rubber copolymer that is the reaction product of (i) a non-carboxylated ethylene-propylene rubber, (ii) an azidosulfonylbenzoic acid, and (iii) and a metal based neutralizing agent wherein: (1) the carboxylated copolymer is substantially free of olefinic unsaturation, and (2) the degree of neutralization of the carboxyl groups of the carboxylated copolymer is at least 50 percent, and (b) a zinc carboxylate.

Abstract: Organometal-containing polymers having side chains of the formula I ##STR1## in which, for example, M is Si, X is O, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen and R.sup.4 to R.sup.6 are each methyl and which have an average molecular weight between 1,000 and 1,000,000, are suitable for the preparation of dry-developable photoresists, such as are required for the generation of structured images, in particular in microelectronics.

Abstract: Metals from Groups I and II and organometallic compounds thereof can be used to catalyze the polymerization of diene monomers into polymers. The polymers formed in such polymerizations are terminated with the metal used to catalyze the polymerization and are sometimes referred to as living polymers. Very useful blends of such polymers can be made by utilizing the process of the present invention.

Abstract: A curable polymer composition comprising(A) 100 parts by weight of an organic polymer having at least one silicon-containing reactive group of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is, the same or different, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 monovalent hydrocarbon group or a triorganosiloxy group of the formula:(R').sub.3 SiO-- (II)in which R' is, the same or different, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 monovalent hydrocarbon group; X is a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group provided that when the number of Xs in the group (I) is at least 2, Xs are the same or different; a is 0, 1, 2 or 3; b is 0, 1 or 2; and m is an integer of 1 to 18, and(B) 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of a curing catalyst selected from the compounds of the formulas: ##STR2## wherein Q is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 monovalent hydrocarbon group; and Z is, the same or different, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The invention provides a polymer derivative comprising the reaction product of a metal compound and a polymer having functional groups. The metal compound may be an acetate, carbonate, chloride, hydroxide, oxalate, oxide or sulphate of Al, Ba, Ca, Ce, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Pb, Sn, Ti, V, Zn and Zr. The functional group may be a carboxylic acid group, a thiol group or an olefinic group.The invention includes a process for efficiently reacting a functional group on a polymer with at least one co-reagent wherein the co-reagents are rendered compatible with the polymer, for example by being dissolved in the polymer or in a solution thereof whereby the reaction is effected in a single phase. The process may be a two stage process which comprises forming a metal derivative of a polymer of relatively low molecular weight and then incorporating the metal derivative into a polymer of higher molecular weight.

Abstract: A primer composition comprising:(A) 100 parts by weight of copolymer obtained by reacting(1) an acrylic compound represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 respectively represent groups selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and monovalent substituted or non-substituted hydrocarbon group; with(2) a silane compound represented by the following formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 represents a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and monovalent substituted or non-substituted hydrocarbon groups, R.sup.4 represents a monovalent substituted or non-substituted hydrocarbon group, and Q.sup.1 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,in the weight ratio of 0.1 to 1,000 wt % with respect to the component (1), in the presence of a free-radical initiator;(B) 0.

Abstract: A process as disclosed for producing vinylic alcohol copolymers by reacting vinyl ester or carbon monoxide copolymers with organometallic compounds in a homogeneous reaction medium.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the functionalization of polymeric resins, wherein a halo-methylated resin, with a crosslink density of at least 4 percent is reacted with an alkyllithium wherein the alkyl radical is 1 to 12 carbon atoms; followed by a reaction to produce a polymeric material having a desired pendant functionality. Materials produced from the process of this invention have utility as intermediates in the production of polymer-bound catalysts and exchange resins.

Abstract: It is disclosed that the properties of epoxy resins may be improved by incorporating therein at least one metal selected from the group consisting of boron, molybdenum, rhenium, tungsten and zirconium. The selection of a particular metal atom for incorporation into the epoxy resin or a combination of these metals will depend on the specific resin properties desired.

Abstract: A method of increasing the reaction rate of the polymerization and/or cross-linking of reactive polymerizable and/or cross-linkable acrylic monomeric materials initiated by dialkyl or diaralkyl peroxides as the free radical generator which comprises carrying out such a polymerization and/or cross-linking reaction in the presence of a member of the group consisting of stannous alkanoates, alkenoates, aralkanoates and aralkenoates, dialkyl tin dialkanoates, dialkenoates, diaralkanoates and diaralkenoates, or mixtures thereof in various proportions.

Abstract: Crosslinkable polymers and co-polymers are treated with organo-metallic compounds, inorganic metallic salts, or lanthanides prior to crosslinking with free radical organic peroxide initiators in the presence of oxygen. This pre-treatment eliminates tackiness of the surface of the crosslinked polymer making the crosslinked polymer more commercially acceptable.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of a polymer having a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl, C.sub.n H.sub.2n is lower-alkylene, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are aryl or lower-alkyl, and x is 0 or 1. A polymer having a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR2## where X is chloro, bromo, iodo, chloroalkyl, bromoalkyl or iodoalkyl, is reacted with the appropriate aryl or alkyl chloride or bromide and arsenic trichloride, arsenic tribromide or arsenic trioxide in the presence of sodium, magnesium, or lithium metal. The resulting polymer is an intermediate in the preparation, by oxidation, of the corresponding As-oxide which polymer is useful as a catalyst for the conversion of isocyanates to the corresponding carbodiimides.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of a polymer having a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl, C.sub.n H.sub.2n is lower-alkylene, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are aryl and x is 0 or 1. A polymer having a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR2## where X is chloro, bromo, iodo, chloroalkyl, bromoalkyl or iodoalkyl, is reacted with a triarylarsine in the presence of lithium or sodium-potassium alloy. The resulting polymer is an intermediate in the preparation, by oxidation, of the corresponding As-oxide. The latter is useful as a catalyst for the conversion of isocyanates to the corresponding carbodiimides.

Abstract: A rubber composition and a process for the preparation of rubber compositions comprising, in the presence of a metal oxide, vulcanizing, or vulcanizing after blending with another unsaturated rubber, of the reaction product of (1) an unsaturated rubber, sulfur and a sulfur cleaving agent, (2) an unsaturated rubber and a mercaptan compound, (3) a halogenated unsaturated rubber and a metal salt of a sulfur cleaving agent, or (4) an unsaturated rubber, a sulfur cleaving agent and a compound having a functional group such as a nitrile oxide, a nitroso or a thionylamine.

Abstract: Amine containing polymeric microspheres such as polyvinyl pyridine are complexed with metal salts or acids containing metals such as gold, platinum or iron. After reduction with sodium borohydride, the salt is reduced to finely divided free metal or metal oxides, useful as catalysts. Microspheres containing covalent bonding sites can be used for labeling or separating proteins.

Abstract: There are disclosed thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers which incorporate tungsten and/or molybdenum metal atoms. The metal atoms are incorporated into the polymer by reacting a monomer or polymer containing at least one free carboxyl group with a reaction product of tungsten or molybdenum and pyrrolidine.