Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for producing a template includes applying a resin to a first template having a first concavo-convex pattern, hardening the resin, releasing the hardened resin from the first template to produce a second template having a second concavo-convex pattern corresponding to the first concavo-convex pattern, and enlarging the second template.

Abstract: Provided is a light diffusing resin composition, which, when molded into a large-plane light diffusing plate, is free of yellowing due to thermal deterioration, and can exhibit good light diffusing property, and a light diffusing plate using the resin composition. The light diffusing resin composition includes 100 parts by mass of a polycarbonate resin containing a polycarbonate copolymer (A) having repeating structural units represented by formulae (I) and (II) and 0.01 to 10 parts by mass of a light diffusing agent (B).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a reinforced and reactive thermoplastic composition having a continuous phase which is based on at least one thermoplastic polymer and dispersed in which is a discontinuous phase based on at least one reactive reinforcing agent that may be immiscible with said at least one thermoplastic polymer, and also to a composition obtained by this process.

Abstract: Polymeric blends having improved flame retardance properties and good ductility at low temperatures are disclosed. The blend is formed from (A) a photoactive additive containing a photoactive group derived from a monofunctional benzophenone; and (B) a polymer resin which is different from the photoactive additive. The additive can be a compound, oligomer, or polymer. When exposed to ultraviolet light, crosslinking will occur between the photoactive additive and the polymer resin, enhancing the chemical resistance and flame retardance while maintaining ductility.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin includes a repeating unit in its main chain of the following Chemical Formula 1: wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: To provide a resin composite material in which aggregation of silane compounds in the resin is suppressed and the linear expansion coefficient is lowered, and a method for producing the resin composite material. A resin composite material containing a resin and a silane compound 12 having a structure of the formula (1), wherein a molecular chain of the resin and a molecular chain of the silane compound 12 form an IPN structure or a semi-IPN structure, and a method for producing a resin composite material including a step of mixing a resin and a silane compound 12a to obtain a resin composition and an IPN structure formation step of allowing a plurality of the silane compounds 12a contained in the resin composition to be condensed with each other. Each of Rs in the formula (1) is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and an arbitrary organic functional group and at least one thereof is a reactive organic functional group. x represents 1 or 1.5.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to polycarbonate compositions, methods, and articles of manufacture that at least meets certain electrical tracking resistance requirements. The compositions, methods, and articles of manufacture that meet these requirements contain at least a polycarbonate; a polysiloxane block co-polycarbonate; and a transition metal oxide, e.g. titanium dioxide.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to polycarbonate compositions, methods, and articles of manufacture that at least meets certain electrical tracking resistance requirements. The compositions, methods, and articles of manufacture that meet these requirements contain at least a polycarbonate; a polysiloxane block co-polycarbonate; and a transition metal oxide, e.g. titanium dioxide.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to polycarbonate compositions, methods, and articles of manufacture that at least meets certain electrical tracking resistance requirements. The compositions, methods, and articles of manufacture that meet these requirements contain at least a polycarbonate; a polysiloxane block co-polycarbonate; and a transition metal oxide, e.g. titanium dioxide.

Abstract: A flame retardant thermoplastic composition comprising in combination a polycarbonate homopolymer or copolymer comprising repeat carbonate units having the following structure: wherein R1 and R2 are independently at each occurrence a C1-C4 alkyl, n and p are each an integer having a value of 1 to 4, and T is selected from the group consisting of C5-C10 cycloalkanes attached to the aryl groups at one or two carbons, C1-C5 alkyl groups, C6-C13 aryl groups, and C7-C12 aryl alkyl groups; an impact modifier, wherein the impact modifier comprises wherein the impact modifier comprises a rubber modified thermoplastic resin comprising a discontinuous elastomeric phase dispersed in a rigid thermoplastic phase, and wherein the impact modifier has a specific mean particle size and Q value; and a flame retardant.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel copolycarbonates containing repeating units A and B respectively of the formulae: (A) —[R1OC(?O)O]—, and (B) —[(R2O)n-C(?O)—O]—, wherein the molar ratio of units (A) to units (B) is in the range of from about 9:1 to about 1:9, and wherein R1 is a divalent C8 to C12 alicyclic group, and R2 is ethylene or propylene, and n is an integer ranging from 4 to 40. Also disclosed are silicone hardcoat compositions containing the copolycarbonates and their derivatives. Upon cure, these silicone hardcoat compositions exhibit improved flexibility as compared to that of the conventional hardcoats while at the same time maintain the abrasion resistance of conventional silicone hardcoats.

Abstract: A surface-modified polymer is described, comprising a polymeric material and a self-assembling monolayer covalently bound thereto. The monolayer comprises monoethylene glycolated-OH (MEG-OH); 2-(3-trichlorosilyl-propyloxy)-ethyl-trifluoroacetate (7-OEG or MEG-TFA); 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-13-trichlorosilyl-tridecanoate (TTTA); OEGylated TTTA (OEG-TTTA); S-(2-(2-(2-(3-trichlorosilyl-propyloxy)-ethoxy)-ethoxy)-ethyl)-benzenethiosulfonate (OEG-TUBTS); or a combination thereof. Methods are described for forming a surface-modified polymer by surface activation, such as with plasma. By utilizing the surface-modified polymer to make medical equipment or devices for contacting biological fluids, a reduction in surface fouling and thrombus formation can result. Advantageously, polymeric equipment or components so modified may have a reduction in unwanted chemical interactions leading to fouling or clotting.

Abstract: A polymer including a structural unit represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and a composition and a film including the same are provided. In the above formula at least one of Ra and Rb is either Chemical Formula 3 or Chemical Formula 4, as shown below. The polymer also includes units selected from polyamic acid, polyimide, polyaramid, polyamide, polyurethane, polycarbonate and polyacetal units and mixtures of such units.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to thermoplastic amphiphilic networks and/or co-networks. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to thermoplastic (TP) amphiphilic co-networks (APCNs) and the preparation of membranes from such APCNs. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to an amphiphilic network comprising at least one hydrophilic polymer-derived portion, at least one hydrophobic polymer-derived portion and at least one thermoplastic polymer-derived portion. In still another embodiment, the present invention relates to thermoplastic amphiphilic co-networks prepared by combining the chemistries of APCNs and polyurethanes (PUs) and to the preparation of membranes therefrom.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin composition includes: (A) an aromatic polycarbonate in an amount of about 5 to about 95% by weight, (B) a siloxane-based polycarbonate in an amount of about 5 to about 90% by weight, and (C) a syndiotactic polystyrene in an amount of 0 to about 5% by weight. The polycarbonate resin composition can have excellent flowability, injection moldability, impact strength, chemical resistance, and transparency.

Abstract: An aromatic vinyl-based thermoplastic resin composition includes a rubber-modified acrylic graft copolymer and a branched aromatic vinyl copolymer resin including a silicon compound.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for preparing a linear hydroxyaryloxy-functional polydiorganosiloxanes having controlled structures. The process includes the step of reacting a linear ?,?-bisacyloxypolydiorganosiloxane with at least one bisphenolic compound, or hydroxy-functional oligomer thereof, in such a molar ratio that the phenolic groups in the bisphenolic compound or the hydroxy-functional oligomer thereof to the acyloxy groups in the ?,?-bisacyloxypolydiorganosiloxane is less than 2.0. Also disclosed are hydroxyaryloxy-functional polydiorganosiloxanes produced from the process and the polysiloxane/polyorgano block copolymers made using the hydroxyaryloxy-functional siloxanes.

Abstract: A polycarbonate polymer or copolymer comprising pendant silylated dihydroxy aromatic compound of the formula (1a); wherein Ga and Gb are each independently C1-12 alkyl, —OSi(C1-12 alkyl)3, C1-12 arylalkyl, or —OSi(C1-12 arylalkyl)3; Za and Zb are each independently a straight or branched C2-18 is alkylene, a C8-18 arylalkylene, or a C8-18 alkylarylene, Xa is a direct bond, a heteroatom-containing group, or a C1-18 organic group, and r and s are each independently 1 or 2 is disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a polycarbonate-based resin composition for sliding use including 0.01 to 1 part by mass of an antioxidant with respect to 100 parts by mass of a polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer which has structural units represented by a general formula (A) and structural units represented by a general formula (B), which contains a polyorganosiloxane block moiety containing the structural units represented by the general formula (B) at a content of 1 to 30 mass %, and which has an average repetition number of the structural units represented by the general formula (B) of 110 to 1000. The polycarbonate-based resin composition for sliding use has a specific structure having improved wear resistance, in particular, improved sliding property. Also provided is a molded article using the resin composition, and excellent in wear resistance and sliding property.

Abstract: A composition comprising: a first polymer comprising a poly(etherimide-siloxane) copolymer comprising (a) a repeating polyetherimide unit, and (b) a poly(siloxane) block unit, a second polymer different from the first polymer and comprising bromine; and optionally, a third polymer comprising a polycarbonate different from the first polymer and second polymer; wherein polysiloxane block units are present in the composition in an amount of at least 0.3 wt %, and bromine is present in the composition in an amount of at least 7.8 wt %, each based on the sum of the wt % of the first, second, and third polymers; and further wherein an article molded from the composition has an OSU integrated 2 minute heat release test value of less than 65 kW-min/m2 and a peak heat release rate of less than 65 kW/m2, and an E662 smoke test Dmax value of less than 200.

Abstract: A composition, comprising, based on the total weight of the polymer components in the composition, 1 to 40 wt. % of an aromatic polycarbonate, 30 to 98.8 wt. % of a polysiloxane-polycarbonate block copolymer, and 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a polysiloxane-polyimide block copolymer comprising more than 20 wt. % polysiloxane blocks, based on the total weight of the polysiloxane-polyimide copolymer. The compositions provide articles with low haze, high luminous transmittance, and good hydro-aging properties. The articles can further be formulated to have excellent flame retardance, particularly when KSS is used.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a composition comprises a bisphenol-A polycarbonate, wherein a molded article of the composition has transmission level greater than or equal to 90.0% at 2.5 mm thickness as measured by ASTM D1003-00 and a yellow index (YI) less than or equal to 1.5 as measured by ASTM D1925.

Abstract: Using nano-particles to topographically enhance the reacting surface of an inorganic fiber used as a reinforcement medium in an embedding matrix is described.

Abstract: A composition for producing an organic insulator is provided which comprises an organic-inorganic hybrid material (as defined). The hybrid material shows high solubility in organic solvents and monomers, and superior adhesion to substrates. In addition, the hybrid material displays a high dielectric constant and a high degree of crosslinking. Based on these advantages, the composition comprising the organic-inorganic hybrid material can be utilized during the fabrication of various electronic devices by a wet process. A method for producing the organic insulator while utilizing the composition also is provided, as well as the resulting organic insulator, and an organic thin film transistor which incorporates the resulting insulating layer.

Abstract: A thermoplastic composition including a combination of a polycarbonate, an impact modifier, an aromatic vinyl copolymer, and a polyester carbonate and/or a polycarbonate polysiloxane copolymer having excellent thermal and mechanical properties as well as good adhesion to both a polymer superstrate and certain types substrates is disclosed. Also disclosed are articles and multilayer films including the tie layer composition.

Abstract: Silicone polycarbonate block copolymers are disclosed that have a high elongation before yield, are clear, and have elastomeric properties. Generally, the silicone blocks are very short (less than about 50 organosiloxane repeat units) and the silicone blocks are substantially isolated from each other by bisphenol carbonate spacers.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a polycarbonate-polydiorganosiloxane copolymer having improved transparency. The present invention is the polycarbonate-polydiorganosiloxane copolymer comprises a polycarbonate block and a polydiorganosiloxane block, wherein (i) the copolymer has an aggregation structure comprising a matrix of the polycarbonate and polydiorganosiloxane domains dispersed therein; (ii) the polydiorganosiloxane domains have an average size of 5 to 40 nm and a normalized dispersity of not more than 30%; and (iii) the total light transmittance is not less than 88%.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer resin composition comprising: (A) about 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic polycarbonate resin; and (B) about 0.1 to about 30 parts by weight of an organo-siloxane polymer having an epoxy group. The polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer resin composition has high impact strength at low temperature and high mechanical strength.

Abstract: A composition comprising: a first polycarbonate comprising a poly(siloxane-carbonate); a second polycarbonate different from the first polycarbonate; and optionally, a third polycarbonate different from the first and second polycarbonate; wherein the first polycarbonate is present in an amount effective to provide the siloxane units of in the first polycarbonate in an amount of at least 0.3 wt %, and the second polycarbonate is present in an amount effective to provide the bromine of the second polycarbonate in an amount of at least 7.8 wt %; and further wherein an article molded from the composition has an OSU integrated 2 minute heat release test value of less than 65 kW-min/m2 and a peak heat release rate of less than 65 kW/m2, and an E662 smoke test Dmax value of less than 200.

Abstract: A poly(siloxane) copolymer composition comprising: a first polymer comprising a first repeating unit, and a poly(siloxane) block unit, a second polymer different from the first polymer and comprising of bromine; and optionally, one or more third polymers different from the first polymer and second polymer; wherein siloxane units are present in the composition in an amount of at least 0.3 wt %, and bromine is present in the composition in an amount of at least 7.8 wt %, each based on the sum of the wt % of the first, second, and optional one or more third polymers; and further wherein an article molded from the composition has an OSU integrated 2 minute heat release test value of less than 65 kW-min/m2 and a peak heat release rate of less than 65 kW/m2, and an E662 smoke test Dmax value of less than 200.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel copolycarbonates containing repeating units A and B respectively of the formulae: (A)—[R1OC(?O)O]—, and (B)—[(R2O)n-C(?O)—O]—, wherein the molar ratio of units (A) to units (B) is in the range of from about 9:1 to about 1:9, and wherein R1 is a divalent C8 to C12 alicyclic group, and R2 is ethylene or propylene, and n is an integer ranging from 4 to 40. Also disclosed are silicone hardcoat compositions containing the copolycarbonates and their derivatives. Upon cure, these silicone hardcoat compositions exhibit improved flexibility as compared to that of the conventional hardcoats while at the same time maintain the abrasion resistance of conventional silicone hardcoats.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thermoplastic resin composition containing (A) a resin mixture including (a-1) a polycarbonate resin in an amount of 45 to 97% by mass and (a-2) a fatty acid polyester in an amount of 55 to 3 % by mass, and (B) a rubber-like elastomer in an amount of 0.5 to 20 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the resin mixture, wherein component (B) is dispersed in an interface between ingredient (a-1) and ingredient (a-2) or in domains of ingredient (a-2). The composition has high impact characteristics and high fluidity and overcomes appearance defects such as pearl-like gloss and jetting marks.

Abstract: A transparent gel is disclosed which has an interpenetrating polymer network of a copolymer containing a polysiloxane structure and a polycarbonate structure and a hydrophilic polymer obtained by polymerizing a hydrophilic monomer. The transparent gel is useful as a cultivation substrate, a container for storage and an ophthalmic material, comprising an easily synthesizable and purifiable silicon-containing resin, wherein a gel strength, transparency, oxygen permeability, birefringence and other characteristics are excellent.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composition including a silane-based organic/inorganic hybrid material having a multiple bond and one or more organic metal compounds and/or one or more organic polymers, an organic insulator including the composition, an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) including the organic insulator and an electronic device including the OTFT. The organic insulator including the composition for preparing an organic insulator has increased charge mobility and an increased on/off current ratio, thus exhibiting improved properties, and the organic thin film transistor manifests uniform properties due to the absence of hysteresis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer resin composition comprising: (A) about 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic polycarbonate resin; and (B) about 0.1 to about 30 parts by weight of an organic siloxane polymer having a primary amine group. The polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer resin composition has high impact strength at low temperature and high mechanical strength.

Abstract: Disclosed are a polycarbonate resin composition obtained by blending a specific amount of an acrylic resin (B) having a specific viscosity average molecular weight or a specific amount of a polyorganosiloxane into a polycarbonate resin containing a polycarbonate copolymer (A) having repeating structural units represented by the general formulae (I) and (II) below and an optical molded body using the resin composition such as a light guide member. The polycarbonate resin composition enables to obtain a molded body having good light conductivity and being free from yellowing due to thermal deterioration, even when it is molded into a large-sized light guide member or light guide plate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a thermoplastic composition comprising a combination of: a polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer and a poly(aliphatic ester)-polycarbonate copolymer comprising soft block ester units of the formula (8a): wherein m is 4 to 18, wherein the thermoplastic composition has a melt volume rate of 14 cc/10 min to 22 cc/10 min at 300° C. and under a load of 1.2 Kg and a dwell time of 6 minutes, according to ASTM D1238-04, wherein an article molded from the thermoplastic composition and having a thickness of 3.2 mm has a percent transmittance of greater than 85% according to ASTM D1003-00, and wherein 100% of a set of five test articles each having a thickness of 3.2 mm and molded from the thermoplastic composition exhibit ductile fracture at ?40° C. when measured for notched Izod Impact according to ASTM D256-04. An article comprising the thermoplastic composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to silane cross-linking curable compositions, comprising a polymer P with at least two terminal groups of the following formulae (I) and (II) -Am-K1—SiXYZ (I), -Am-K2—SiXYZ (II), and/or two polymers P1 and P2, the polymer P1 having terminal groups of the following formula (I) -Am-K1—SiXYZ (I), and the polymer P2 having terminal groups of the following formula (II) -Am-K2—SiXYZ (II). In said formulae, A represents a bivalent binding group K1 and K2 independently of one another represent a bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group with a main chain of between 1 and 6 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon groups K1, K2 being different, X, Y and Z independently of one another represent a hydroxy group of a hydrolysable group and m stands for 0 or 1.

Abstract: A resin composition for laser engraving is provided that includes (Component A) a compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group and/or a silanol group, (Component B) a depolymerization catalyst and/or a depolymerization catalyst precursor, and (Component C) a depolymerizable binder polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel carbonate block copolymers and methods of making the same. Some carbonate block copolymers include oligomeric carbonate blocks bonded to one or more silicon-containing non-carbonate block, wherein the silicon-containing non-carbonate block is comprised of a diamine moiety and the carbonate block is joined to the silicon-containing non-carbonate block through a urethane group. Other carbonate block copolymers include oligomeric carbonate blocks bonded to one or more non-silicon-containing non-carbonate block, wherein the non-silicon-containing non-carbonate block is comprised of a diamine moiety and the carbonate block is joined to the non-silicon-containing non-carbonate block through a urethane group. The carbonate block may include Bisphenol-A moieties. The diamine from which either the silicon-containing or non-silicon-containing non-carbonate block is derived may be primary, secondary or tertiary.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoplastic resin composition that includes: (A) about 55 to about 95 wt % of a polycarbonate resin; (B) about 1 to about 40 wt % of a polyalkyl(meth)acrylate resin having a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000,000 g/mol or more; and (C) about 0.001 to about 10 wt % of a polysiloxane resin, and a molded product made using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polylactic acid resin composition. The composition includes about 25 to about 80 parts by weight of a polylactic acid resin, (B) about 20 to about 75 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin, and (C) about 0.01 to about 5 parts by weight of a chain extender including an amine group, based on about 100 parts by weight of (A)+(B). The polylactic acid resin composition of the present invention is environmentally-friendly and has excellent hydrolysis resistance and simultaneously improved mechanical strength and heat resistance, and accordingly can be used for manufacturing various molded products requiring heat resistance and mechanical strength, for example vehicles, machine parts, electronic parts, office machines, miscellaneous goods, and the like.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin composition that is enhanced in flame retardancy while maintaining transparency containing (A) a polycarbonate resin component containing from 10 to 90% by mass of (A-1) an aromatic polycarbonate resin containing a dihydroxybiphenyl as a part of a dihydric phenol, from 10 to 90% by mass of (A-2) an aromatic polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer, and from 0 to 80% by mass of (A-3) an aromatic polycarbonate resin other than (A-1) and (A-2), and a molded product thereof. In the flame retardant polycarbonate resin composition, the content of the polyorganosiloxane in (A) is preferably from 0.3 to 1.6% by mass, and the composition may contain from 0.01 to 1 part by mass of (B) an organic metal salt per 100 parts by mass of (A).

Abstract: In a polycarbonate resin composition containing a polycarbonate resin and a polycarbosilane compound, the use of the polycarbosilane compound modifies the surface properties of the polycarbonate resin composition without adversely affecting the intrinsic characteristics of the polycarbonate resin, such as transparency, heat resistance, and mechanical properties, e.g., impact resistance. A polycarbonate resin composition containing 100 parts by mass of a polycarbonate resin, 0.001 to 1 part by mass of a metal salt compound, and 0.005 to 5 parts by mass of a polycarbosilane compound has significantly improved flame resistance and high transparency and causes markedly reduced outgassing and mold fouling, without losing impact resistance and heat resistance.

Abstract: Provided is a thermoplastic resin composition having high impact resistance at low temperature and molded articles with good appearance using the thermoplastic resin composition. The thermoplastic resin composition contains 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of a rubbery elastomer (B) relative to 100 parts by mass of a resin mixture (A) comprising 45 to 97% by mass of a polycarbonate resin (a-1) and 55 to 3% by mass of a fatty acid polyester (a-2), wherein the component (B) is dispersed in the component (a-1).

Abstract: Highly elastomeric, curable, paintable silicone compositions are provided. The paintable silicone compositions comprise an organopolysiloxane, a silicone functional crosslinker, and an organic polymer. The highly elastomeric, curable, paintable silicone compositions have an elongation of at least 150% and are useful as paintable sealants and caulks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flame retardant which is a graft copolymer. The graft copolymer is obtained by polymerizing a vinyl monomer containing at least two polymerizable groups, and at least one other vinyl monomer, in the presence of polyorganosiloxane particles in a latex state. The polyorganosiloxane particles contain grafting agents that are unevenly distributed on the surface thereof. The present invention also relates to thermoplastic resins containing this flame retardant.

Abstract: A polymer composition is provided which is white and opaque (i.e. shields from light). The polymer composition comprises a blend of (i) a silicon-free polycarbonate polymer and (ii) a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer; a whitener such as titanium dioxide; and (iii) a non-white colorant such as carbon black. The resulting composition, when molded and measured at a thickness of 0.75 mm, has an L* of greater than 80 and a % T of less than 1%. The composition also has good impact strength at low temperatures and good stability during processing.

Abstract: A polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer comprising structural units of the formula: wherein each R1, R2, and R3 is independently the same or different monovalent C1-12 should this be C1-C13 like in the document? hydrocarbon group, G comprises a monovalent C6-1000 poly(oxyalkyl) group, each R4 and R5 taken together is independently the same or different divalent C3-30 hydrocarbon linking group wherein R4 is a C1-28 hydrocarbon and R5 is a C2-29 aliphatic group, a is 0 or greater, and b is one or greater; and structural units of the formula: wherein each R is independently the same or different C6-60 divalent hydrocarbon group, and at least 60% of the R groups comprise aromatic moieties.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer articles. In one embodiment, a ?th inch thick bar formed from the thermoplastic composition has a B-Y ratio of less than or equal to about 1.75. This article, which has a dimension that is greater than or equal to 1.5 cm, comprises the thermoplastic composition which comprises a polysiloxane-polycarbonate copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises repeating diorganosiloxane units of formula (1): wherein each R is, independently, a C1-13 monovalent organic group; and E has an average value of 20 to 35.