Abstract: There are disclosed methods and compositions for retarding the room temperature gelation and eventual hardening of phenolic resole resins when such resins are mixed with lightburned magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide hardening agents with or without an ester functional hardening agent. Retardation of gelation and hardening is achieved by incorporating into said mixture a compound which decreases the solubility of magnesium in said mixture. Additionally, hardening at higher temperatures, thermal curing, as well as refractories, coated abrasives, polymer concrete, and other methods and compositions of this invention are disclosed.

Abstract: The products resulting from contacting an organic phosphine or arsine with an inorganic acid having a weak nucleophilic anion provide for relatively stable compositions when admixed with a compound containing an average of more than one vicinal epoxide group per molecule and which optionally contains a compound containing an average of more than one phenolic hydroxyl group per molecule.

Abstract: There are disclosed methods and compositions for retarding the room temperature gelation and eventual hardening of phenolic resole resins when such resins are mixed with lightburned magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide hardening agents with or without an ester functional hardening agent. Retardation of gelation and hardening is achieved by incorporating into said mixture a compound which decreases the solubility of magnesium in said mixture. Additionally, hardening at higher temperatures, thermal curing, as well as refractories, coated abrasives, polymer concrete, and other methods and compositions of this invention are disclosed.

Abstract: Phenolic resin compositions.Phenolic resin compositions containing an additive consisting of at least 20% by weight of an alkaline or alkaline-earth metaborate relative to the toal weight of the additive.Applications to the manufacture of phenolic prepreg mats which are stable in storage.

Abstract: A heat curable composition is provided which is useful for encapsulating microelectronic devices using a heat curable epoxy composition having a diaryliodonium hexafluoroantimonate salt as a catalyst in combination with an effective amount of a free radical generating aromatic compound as a cocatalyst.

Abstract: A color developer for pressure-sensitive copying paper is disclosed, containing a polyvalent metal-modification product of a p-substituted phenolformaldehyde condensate substantially terminated with an o-substituted phenol nucleus, with a content of a condensate component in which each of both terminal phenol nuclei thereof has a hydrogen atom at the o-position being not more than 20% by weight based on the total condensate. The color developer exhibits excellent color developability, undergoes no yellowing, and provides a color image having excellent water resistance.

Abstract: A color developer for pressure-sensitive recording paper is produced by admising components comprising:(A) 100 parts by weight of a polyvalent metal salt of a co-condensation product of a substituted salicylic acid, an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aldehyde. Such a co-condensation product is obtained by reacting:(a) a substituted salicylic acid,(b) one or more aromatic hydrocarbons having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, and(c) an aldehyde of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, in the presence of an acidic catalyst; and(B) 5 to 200 parts by weight of one or more members selected from the group consisting of petroleum resins, terpene resins, modified terpene resins, coumaarone resins and modified coumarone resins.The color developer is excellent in color density, resistance to yellow staining, fastness to light of color images and resistance to fading in water of color images, and in addition is capable of forming color images at a markedly increased speed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a curing agent composition for epoxy resin, prepared by mixing together the following components (i), (ii) and (iii) and heating the mixture for modification:(i) at least one organic carboxylic acid zinc salt,(ii) at least one acid anhydride, and(iii) either (a) at least one phenol compound or (b) at least one glycidyl ester or glycidyl ether compound.

Abstract: A dark colored glass fiber insulation having improved moisture tolerance prepared using an aqueous phenolic resole resin composition containing a water soluble borate and cured under alkaline conditions.

Abstract: A heat curable composition is provided which is useful for encapsulating microelectronic devices using a heat curable epoxy composition having a diaryliodonium hexafluoroantimonate salt as a catalyst in combination with an effective amount of a free radical generating aromatic compound as a cocatalyst.

Abstract: Compositions of phenolic resins, for example, phenol formaldehyde resins, containing an additive of triethanolamine borate or an amine/oxygen-containing boron derivative mixture, e.g., triethanolamine and boric anhydride, are particularly useful for the manufacture of prepeg mats.

Abstract: A binder composition for producing articles of bonded particulate material such as foundry moulds or cores comprises an alkaline aqueous solution of a resol phenol-aldehyde resin and an oxyanion capable of forming a stable complex with the resin the amount of alkali present in the solution being sufficient to substantially prevent stable complex formation. Bonded articles are produced from mixtures of particulate material and the binder composition by passing carbon dioxide gas through the formed articles whereby the oxyanion forms a stable complex with the resin and the resin is cured. The oxyanion may be for example borate, stannate or aluminate.

Abstract: Plasma-resistant polymeric materials are prepared by reacting a polymeric material containing reactive hydrogen functional groups with a multifunctional organometallic material containing at least two functional groups which are reactive with the reactive hydrogen functional groups of the polymeric material, such as hexamethylcyclotrisilazane.

Abstract: A binder composition for producing articles of bonded particulate material such as foundry moulds or cones comprises an alkaline aqueous solution of a resol phenol-aldehyde resin and an oxyanion capable of forming a stable complex with the resin the amount of alkali present in the solution being sufficient to substantially prevent stable complex formation. Bonded articles are produced from mixtures of particulate material and the binder composition by passing carbon dioxide gas through the formed articles whereby the oxyanion forms a stable complex with the resin and the resin is cured. The oxyanion may be for example borate, stannate or aluminate.

Abstract: In the manufacture of creep-free prepregs based on phenolic resins of the resole type, the reinformcing agents are impregnated with an essentially solvent-free mixture of a phenolic resin and a viscosity controlling amount up to 60% by weight of the resin of an alkali metal metaborate or an alkaline-earth metaborate or a mixture thereof. The resultant compression molded articles exhibit improved strengths.

Abstract: The resin composition which contains thermosetting resin as Component (A), a thermoplastic resin as Component (B), and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an epoxy resin capable of dissolving the thermoplastic resin and a reactive diluent possessing at least one epoxy group as Component (C) in a ratio such that the proportions of Components (A), (B), and (C) fall respectively in the ranges of 30 to 96% by weight, 2 to 50% by weight, and 2 to 49% by weight, based on the total weight of the resin composition. The resin composition is capable of producing a molded article combining the highly satisfactory mechanical and thermal properties of a thermosetting resin and the highly satisfactory toughness of a thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: Phenolic resin compositions.Phenolic resin compositions containing an additive consisting of at least 20% by weight of an alkaline or alkaline-earth metaborate relative to the total weight of the additive.Applications to the manufacture of phenolic pre-preg mats which are stable in storage.

Abstract: Rapid-setting epoxy resins comprise a polyepoxide, a metal tetrafluoroborate, and at least one boron ester selected from the group of triesters of boric acid and diesters of boronic acid.

Abstract: Storage stable compositions are disclosed which comprise an epoxide containing compound, a phenolic hydroxyl containing compound, and a catalyst compound for catalyzing the reaction between epoxide groups and aromatic hydroxyl groups which catalyst comprises the product resulting from contacting an onium salt, amine, or amine salt with an acid or a salt of an acid having a weak nucleophilic anion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyvalent metal-bound carboxyl-modified p-alkylphenol-mesitylene-formaldehyde resin composition produced by binding with a polyvalent metal a -alkylphenol-mesitylene-formaldehyde co-condensate containing a carboxyl group, to produce a color developer for pressure-sensitive recording paper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyvalent metal-bound carboxyl-modified p-substituted phenol-xylene-formaldehyde resin composition produced by binding with a polyvalent metal a p-substituted phenol-xylene-formaldehyde co-condensate containing a carboxyl group, to produce a color developer for pressure-sensitive recording paper. The polyvalene metal is selected from the group magnesium, aluminum, calcium, cadmium, zinc, nickel and manganese.

Abstract: Phenolic resin compositions.Phenolic resin compositions containing an additive consisting of at least 20% by weight of an alkaline or alkaline-earth metaborate relative to the total weight of the additive.Applications to the manufacture of phenolic prepreg mats which are stable in storage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst system which improves the cure time of acid-catalyzable resole resins while providing extended shelf life thereof. Broadly, the present invention includes a method for formulating an acid-catalyzed, non-aqueous resole resin composition and to the composition itself. The catalyst system comprises an acid catalyst and an oxidizing agent in an amount adequate for cure in at least about the same time that occurs by use of at least twice the amount of said acid catalyst alone. The shelf life of the catalyzed resole resin is greater with the inventive catalyst system than with an equivalent resole resin containing only the acid catalyst in twice the amount.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a phenolic resin which comprises reacting a phenol with a peroxidase or an oxidase enzyme and a peroxide in an organic solvent containing medium to generate phenolic radicals which react to form a phenolic resin.

Abstract: A metal chelate compound in which a chelate forming metal is coordinated with a ligand represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which are the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, X represents --NR.sup.4 -- (wherein R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms), an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, n is an integer of 1 to 3, and j is an integer of 1 to 3, and a coating composition containing the same.

Abstract: Iodonation of novolak resin or polyphenylene ether followed by the metatheses of the resulting iodonated product with a polyhalometal or metalloid salt can provide a photoactive cure catalyst or thermally active cure catalyst for cationically polymerizable organic materials. A copper cocatalyst has been found useful in thermal curing.

Abstract: Plasma-resistant polymeric materials are prepared by reacting a polymeric material containing reactive hydrogen functional groups with a multifunctional organometallic material containing at least two functional groups which are reactive with the reactive hydrogen functional groups of the polymeric material, such as hexamethylcyclotrisilazane.

Abstract: A co-curable composition, having utility as a first part of a two-part cationically curable composition and containing a latent curing component which is reactive with a latent curing component in a second part of the two-part composition to form curingly effective cations for the two-part composition, such co-curable composition comprising: (i) a cationically polymerizable material, and (ii) a dioxane-complexed metal salt of a non-nucleophilic anion. Also disclosed is a two-part composition curable by contact of respective parts with one another, comprising first and second parts of the aforementioned types. A preferred class of cation species comprises carbenium ions derived from reaction of an organic halide compound, as the first component, with a metal salt of a non-nucleophilic anion such as SbCl.sub.6.sup.-, SbCl.sub.3.sup.-, SbF.sub.6.sup.-, AsF.sub.6.sup.-, SnCl.sub.5.sup.-, PF.sub.6.sup.-, BF.sub.4.sup.-, CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3.sup.-, and ClO.sub.4.sup.-, as the second component.

Abstract: Phenol resins which are modified with compounds possessing amide and/or imide groups and are based on phenol resol ethers bonded via o,o'-methylene ether groups, and a process for their preparation.The novel modified phenol resol ethers are useful for the preparation of coating systems, in particular as crosslinking agents for cathodic electrocoating binders, and for the preparation of adhesives and rubber assistants.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing a conductive plastic of a defined conductivity by forming a polymer alloy. A polar or nonpolar insulating polymer and a polar or nonpolar conductive polymer are used for forming the polymer alloy. The two polymers are mixed together and they are homogeneously distributed within the polymer alloy.

Abstract: Method for the manufacture of a polymer with triaromatic methane units as basic building blocks, the electric conductivity of which is obtained through the formation of charge transfer complexes. Electron donors and/or electron acceptors are added to the synthetic polymer during or after its preparation, for forming charge transfer complexes.

Abstract: A carbonless copying color developer comprising a thermoplastic chelated metal modified phenolic resin formed from the in situ reaction of formaldehyde with a mixture of a para-substituted phenol, salicyclic acid, and a metal oxide. The reaction is conducted under hydrous conditions and at atmospheric pressure, with substantially no unreacted metal oxide residue.

Abstract: To reduce the content of chlorine in glycidyl compounds, in which the glycidyl groups are bonded to ether-oxygen, N or S atoms, these compounds are dissolved in a halogen-free inert organic solvent and reacted with a tin hydride of the formula I or IIR.sub.3 SnH (I)orR.sub.2 SnH.sub.2 (II)in which each radical R independently of one another is alkyl with 1 to 4 C atoms or phenyl, at least 1 equivalent of the tin hydride of the formula I or II being employed per equivalent of chlorine present, in the presence of a catalytic amount of an initiator which forms free radicals. The glycidyl compounds are then isolated from the reaction solution.

Abstract: Novel metal-modified phenolic resins useful in the color developer part of a carbonless copy paper system are disclosed, as well as methods for preparing such resins. The metal-modified phenolic resins are reaction products of an aromatic carboxylic acid and a partial condensation reaction product (an oligomer) of a phenol and an aldehyde. The metal-containing compound is added either to the mixture of phenol and aldehyde in forming the oligomer or to the mixture of aromatic carboxylic acid and the oligomer. The color developer materials of the invention are coated on a paper substrate which forms a part of a pressure sensitive recording paper system. The color developer materials exhibit improved performance over prior art colored developer materials.

Abstract: A complex coordination compound of a novolac phenolic resin with zinc, copper, cobalt, cadmium, aluminum, indium, tin, chromium, cobalt or nickel is prepared by reaction of an oxide of the metal or an inorganic functional equivalent of the oxide, an alkanoic or aromatic monocarboxylic acid and an ammonia base. The resin product is useful as a color developer for coating of the record sheet of a chemical carbonless copying sheet system.

Abstract: Binders are described based on acid curing phenol resins and acid curing agents which, after mixing, have an extended processability time but nevertheless exhibit a rapid curing time at relatively low temperatures. They are obtained by using, as the resin, aqueous phenol resols and, as the curing agent, either copper, aluminum, or iron(III) salts of aromatic sulfonic acids or addition products of hydroxy-containing, water-compatible polyols with aromatic sulfonic acids or mixtures of these salts and the polyol addition products. The binders are used for impregnation of fabrics, for production of abrasives and for fiber reinforced plastics.

Abstract: There are disclosed thermosetting resoles containing chemically bonded boron, tungsten and/or zirconium atoms. The metal containing resoles of this invention are useful, for example, as reimpregnation resins.

Abstract: A foundry binder for preparing shaped foundry products, said binder having improved breakdown, which binder comprises:(a) a resin component organic resin alkyd resins, furan resins, shell phenolic resins or acid setting phenolic resin and(b) a catalystic amount of a metal drier.

Abstract: Method for the manufacture of a polymer with triaromatic methane units as basic building blocks, the electric conductivity of which is obtained through the formation of charge transfer complexes. Electron donors and/or electron acceptors are added to the synthetic polymer during or after its preparation, for forming charge transfer complexes.

Abstract: Unwanted halogen values are removed from liquid resin, organic or hydrocarbon material by adding particulate crystalline lithium aluminate compounds to the liquid material to act as a halogen scavenger, then separating the crystalline aluminate compound from the liquid material.

Abstract: Compositions that cure when heated comprise(A) an epoxide resin and(B) an effective amount of(i) a diaryliodosyl salt of formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, each represents a monovalent aromatic radical of from 4 to 25 carbon atoms, such as a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group,M represents a metal or metalloid atom, such as phosphorus or boron,X represents a halogen atom, particularly chlorine or fluorine, andn is 4, 5, or 6, and is greater by one than the valency of M or MX.sub.n.sup.- represents pentafluorohydroxoantimonate, and(ii) a catalyst for the diaryliodosyl salt which is a salt or complex of a d-block transition metal, a stannous salt, an organic peroxide, or an .alpha.-hydroxy compound.Typically, the epoxide resin (A) is a bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, the salt (i) is diphenyliodosyl tetrafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate, and the catalyst (ii) is cupric acetylacetonate or benzpinacol.

Abstract: A phenol-formaldehyde resol to which urea has been added is mixed with a boric acid-hydroxyl-amide component to provide high temperature resistant binder compositions for use in the manufacture of thermally stable bonded mineral fibre insulation structures.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photo-curable epoxy resin composition comprising an epoxy resin and a combination of an aluminum compound and a silicon compound having a peroxysilyl group as a hardening catalyst.The compositions of the present invention can suitably be used for wide varieties of electrical applications.

Abstract: Improved thermally-curable adhesive compositions for bonding articles of poly(butylene terephthalate) together or to other articles are disclosed. The adhesive compositions comprise at least one epoxidic prepolymer having two or more epoxy groups, an aromatic halonium complex salt thermal initiator dissolved in a compatibilizing non-epoxidic organic liquid, a copper carboxylate salt cocatalyst, a polyhydric alcohol, and optionally, silica filler. The adhesive compositions when heated, cure to form an adhesive bond between articles of poly(butylene terephthalate) which exhibits a vastly improved bond strength over presently available epoxy adhesive materials.

Abstract: Compositions containing(a) an epoxide resin containing more than one 2,3-epoxypropyl group per average molecule,(b) a boron trifluoride-amine complex which is a latent hardener for epoxide resins, such as BF.sub.3 -ethylamine, and(c) certain oxidants, such as benzoyl peroxide or 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone, are stable on storage at ambient temperature but cure rapidly when heated above a certain threshold temperature, the oxidant having a marked accelerating effect on the rate of curing.

Abstract: A high heat resistant transparency of epoxy resins cured with adducts of trimethoxyboroxine and benzyl alcohol is disclosed to resist intense heat for these transparencies in their use on military and industrial hardware. This transparency may exist in a composite with other layers of transparent material known to those skilled in the art. The epoxy transparency layer is bound to the other transparent layers, in a variety of configurations, using an interlayer of mercaptan terminated resins. These resins greatly improve resistance to moisture permeability in and about the edges of the entire transparency.

Abstract: A color developer for pressure-sensitive copying paper is prepared by mixing a polyvalent metal salt of a para-substituted difunctional phenol-aldehyde condensate and a tri- or higher-functional phenol-aldehyde condensate and/or a polyvalent metal modified tri- or higher-functional phenol-aldehyde condensate.

Abstract: A curable resin is composed ofA. an epoxy resin andB. a pyrylium salt as a catalyst, with or withoutC. a metal chelate or metal salt as a co-catalyst.Preferred pyrylium salts are those of the formula ##STR1## Preferred co-catalysts are acetylacetonates, stearates, benzoates, naphthenates, octoates or phthalates of Cu.sup.++, Co.sup.++, Co.sup.+++, Fe.sup.+++ or Al.sup.+++. The resin compositions may be used to produce coatings and moldings.

Abstract: The invention relates to heat curable epoxy resin compositions consisting of an epoxy resin containing, on average, more than one epoxide group per molecule, an aromatic onium salt as catalyst, a copper complex compound as co-catalyst, and a light stabilizer. These compositions are less sensitive to UV irradiation and have a good shelf life at room temperature as well as a good high temperature reactivity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color-developer for pressure-sensitive recording sheets, comprising a co-condensate of a reaction intermediate of a p-substituted phenol and a trifunctional or higher phenol, or a polyvalent metal salt of said co-condensate, said reaction intermediate being obtained by the reaction of said p-substituted phenol under acidic conditions with formaldehyde or a substance capable of generating formaldehyde.