Abstract: Provided are an asphalt modifier comprising a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon-conjugated diene block copolymer of Formula 1 and an asphalt composition comprising the asphalt modifier. (A-B-C)n-D??[Formula 1] (where A, B, C, D, and n are the same as defined in the specification) The asphalt modifier comprising the vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon-conjugated diene block copolymer of Formula 1 may improve low-temperature and high-temperature physical properties when used in the asphalt composition, and since the asphalt modifier may also reduce dissolution time by increasing a dissolution rate, storage stability of the asphalt composition may be improved.

Abstract: A thermoreversibly cross-linked graft polymer, which may be used in bituminous asphalt, includes: a main polymer chain P consisting of conjugated diene units; at least one side graft G having the following general formula (1): R—(OCH2CH2)m—S—, where R is a straight or branched saturated hydrocarbon chain having at least 18 carbon atoms, and m is an integer varying from 0 to 20, the graft G being connected to the main polymer chain P via the sulfur atom of formula (1); and at least one graft G? having the following general formula (4): —S—R?—S—, where R? is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon grouping having from 2 to 40 carbon atoms, optionally including one or more heteroatoms, the graft G? being connected to the main polymer chain P via each sulfur atom of formula (4).

Abstract: A process for preparing a blend of thermoplastic polymer and resin modifier within a single-screw extruder, wherein the resin modifier is a hydrocarbon resin.

Abstract: A graft polymer mixture comprising a grafting base based on brown coal and/or polyphenol is proposed, which has, as a graft component, a copolymer consisting of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers different from one another and one or more polyamides different from one another. Typical grafting bases are brown coal, brown coal coke, lignite and brown coal derivatives and tannins. Suitable graft components are in particular vinyl-containing components and styrenes, which may also be present in sulphonated form. Natural polyamides, such as, for example, casein, gelatin and collagen, are suitable polyamide components. These graft polymers having a preferred molar mass Mn>5000 g/mol are suitable as a mixture, in particular in construction chemistry applications, and in the development, exploitation and completion of underground mineral oil and natural gas deposits, and in deep wells, since they have excellent salt and temperature stabilities and are simultaneously water-soluble and/or biodegradable.

Abstract: Described herein a method of manufacturing a metal shape that includes contacting a liquid metal and a surface of a foundry core under conditions wherein vein defects occur, the surface of the foundry core comprising a foundry aggregate, a combustible-organic material and a polyurethane resin, and the surface of the foundry core being free of or essentially free of an anti-veining agent; cooling the liquid metal to a temperature below its melting point thereby forming a metal shape; and then removing the foundry core from the metal shape.

Abstract: A reactor is provided for the preparation of modified bitumen, which reactor comprises a horizontal housing comprising a cylindrical wall and two side walls, wherein a bitumen inlet has been provided at or near one of the side walls of the housing and a bitumen product outlet has been provided at or near the opposite side wall of the housing, wherein a plurality of inlets for the provision of oxygen-containing gas has been provided in the cylindrical wall of the housing between the bitumen inlet and the bitumen product outlet, which multi-purpose reactor is further provided with a mixer arranged inside the housing comprising at least one rotor rotating within at least one stator having a plurality of openings. Also there is provided a process for the preparation of modified bitumen, which comprises contacting bitumen at elevated temperature and pressure with a modifier in a reactor as herein described.

Abstract: A system for use in forming polymer compositions, including as a replacement for phenolic based resin systems, for instance, in preparing foundry molds. In a preferred embodiment, the system includes the use of a) a polyermizable hydroxyl-containing component comprising a humic substance (as can be provided by lignite), b) an isocyanate component, and c) a catalyst, and preferably amine catalyst, component adapted to catalyze the polymerization of a) and b). The system is optionally used as binder system in the presence of a filler, such as, in combination with a foundry aggregate such as sand. A polymer system of this invention can be substantially free of formaldehyde or phenol, and preferably contains little or no aromatic solvents.

Abstract: A graft polymer mixture comprising a grafting base based on brown coal and/or polyphenol is proposed, which has, as a graft component, a copolymer consisting of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers different from one another and one or more polyamides different from one another. Typical grafting bases are brown coal, brown coal coke, lignite and brown coal derivatives and tannins. Suitable graft components are in particular vinyl-containing components and styrenes, which may also be present in sulphonated form. Natural polyamides, such as, for example, casein, gelatin and collagen, are suitable polyamide components. These graft polymers having a preferred molar mass Mn>5000 g/mol are suitable as a mixture, in particular in construction chemistry applications, and in the development, exploitation and completion of underground mineral oil and natural gas deposits, and in deep wells, since they have excellent salt and temperature stabilities and are simultaneously water-soluble and/or biodegradable.

Abstract: Liquefied biomass obtained from direct liquefaction and/or fast-pyrolysis is reacted with mixtures of fatty acids in the presence of an oxidizer and with various reactive monomer and polymer additives to create tailored compatibilizer-like bio-additives that are compatible with petroleum asphalts. By judicially selecting appropriate the additives and additional constituent, such as non-reactive and reactive diluents, these bio-additives can be tailored to modify low-temperature properties, high-temperature properties, compatibility with aggregate materials, application characteristics, and other properties of petroleum asphalts for paving, roofing and sealing uses.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for preparing a polymer modified bituminous binder composition in the substantial absence of crosslinking agents by heating a bitumen component in a stirred tank to a temperature from 160° C. to 221° C.; adding a block copolymer composition to the bitumen component while the bitumen component is being stirred to form a homogeneous mixture of the bitumen component and the block copolymer composition; and continuing to stir the homogeneous mixture while maintaining the temperature from 180° C. to 221° C. for a total period of time from 4 hours to 30 hours thereby forming a cured polymer modified bituminous binder composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt having enhanced properties made by reacting a glycidyl-functionalized ethylene copolymer with reactive asphalt, wherein the glycidyl-functionalized ethylene copolymer has a glycidyl-containing comonomer content of 5 weight percent or less and relatively high number average molecular weight characterized by a melt index of 4 grams/10 minutes or less measured in accord with ASTM D1238-65T, Condition E.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the preparation of conjugates of a variety of bioactive components, especially proteins, with water-soluble polymers (e.g., poly(ethylene glycol) and derivatives thereof), which conjugates have reduced antigenicity and immunogenicity compared to similar conjugates prepared using poly(ethylene glycol) containing a methoxyl or another alkoxyl group. The invention also provides conjugates prepared by such methods, compositions comprising such conjugates, kits containing such conjugates or compositions and methods of use of the conjugates and compositions in diagnostic and therapeutic protocols.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a bituminous composition which comprises a bituminous component (I), a block copolymer (II), comprising at least two terminal blocks of a poly(monovinylaromatic hydrocarbon) and at least one block of a poly(conjugated diene), and optionally a filler (III), wherein (II) is a partially hydrogenated block polymer, comprising butadiene as the conjugated diene, wherein the poly(conjugated diene) block upon partial hydrogenation comprises less than 3 mol % 1,2-dine recurring units (A) and less than 20 mol % preferably less than 3 mol % ethylene recurring units (D), calculated on the total content mol/mol of conjugated diene recurring units.

Abstract: This invention relates to phenolic-modified rosin terpene resins prepared by the reaction of a rosin, a terpene and a phenol, wherein the weight ratio of rosin to phenol is from about 2.00 to about 3.00 and wherein the weight ratio of rosin to terpene is from about 1.40 to about 2.40. The phenolic-modified rosin terpene resins of this invention can be used as tackifers to form hot melt adhesives that can be applied at low application temperatures and more preferably hot melt adhesives also having high heat resistance and good cold adhesion.

Abstract: A dosing form for a polymer support for organic chemical synthesis in a solvent medium comprising a fixed weight amount of beads of a polymer containing functional groups, which polymer is insoluble in the solvent for the intended synthesis, is provided as compressed tablets of essentially equal weight and composition wherein the polymer beads are essentially intact and are released as such when the tablets are disintegrated in said solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I), as defined, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: A solid phase synthetic method is disclosed in which the usual solid phase synthetic steps are carried out and the spent solid phase support is reacted to form a volatilizable compound upon cleavage of the reaction product from the solid phase support. The cleaved product is then separated from the volatile compound by volatilization of that compound. Exemplary solid supports that form a volatilizable compound are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for production of the two or more molecules of interest. The present process may be advantageously used to produce two, three, four or more molecules of interest (the same or different from one another) on a single support material. A preferred embodiment comprises use of the present process to produce two or more oligonucleotides of interest. The process can be readily extended to other applications such combinatorial chemistry, peptide synthesis and the like. Various novel intermediates in the process are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed are an enzyme preparation characterized by a polymer carrier having fine pores with average radius of 200-500 Å and the enzyme is capable of converting an N-substituted cyclic imino ester into an (S)—N-substituted cyclic imino acid, thereby an (S)—N-substituted cyclic imino acid is preferentially produced, and has an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for the targeted transfection of cells, compositions which may be used for such processes, and corresponding pharmaceutical compositions for gene therapy. In particular, the invention relates to a process for introducing nucleic acid into cells comprising the steps of (a) mixing a nucleic acid with a dendrimer, in which a proportion of the dendrimer molecules are biotinylated; (b) mixing the resulting complex of nucleic acid and dendrimer with a second complex consisting of avidin or streptavidin and a biotinylated target-specific binding molecule; and (c) incubating the complex formed in step (b) with cells. Dendrimers which are well suited to the present invention include, for example, partially solvolysed polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. Target-specific binding molecules are, in particular, cell-type-specific markers of the cell surface of the target cells.

Abstract: A reactive solid carrier favorably employable for manufacturing DNA chip is composed of a solid carrier and a plurality of vinylsulfonyl groups or their reactive precursors each of which is fixed onto a surface of the solid carrier by covalent bonding via a linking group, and a method for producing a DNA chip is performed by bringing the reactive solid carrier into contact with nucleotide derivatives or their analogues having a reactive group which is reactive with the vinylsulfonyl group or reactive precursor fixed to the solid carrier.

Abstract: Soluble amphiphilic macrocycle analogues having lipophilic groups attached to one side of the units making up the macrocycle and hydrophilic groups attached to the other side. These amphiphilic macrocyclic derivatives have the ability to self-assemble in aqueous solvent forming micelles or vesicles and can be used as hosts for the solubilisation and/or stabilisation of various compounds. Embodiments of the present invention utilise macrocyclic oligosaccharides and preferably cyclodextrin as the macrocyclic derivatives to be modified.

Abstract: This invention provides a system for immobilizing biological molecules onto a solid support having an available amino group that uses two steps. In a first step, a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs so that the available amino group displaces a first leaving group of an activating compound to form an activated support.

Abstract: A method of fabricating polynucleotide arrays includes dissolving a nucleotide monomer, oligonucleotide, or polynucleotide in a solvent containing ionic liquid and depositing the resulting solution on an array substrate. The method has particular application to fabrication of an addressable array of polynucleotides on a substrate that carries substrate bound moieties each with a hydroxyl group. The process may be repeated at specific locations on the array to elongate the polynucleotide deposited on the array.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing biologically active polymer nanoparticle-nucleic acid conjugates by polymerizing vinyl monomer with a low-water solubility in an aqueous solution, then reacting the resulting polymer suspensions with the nucleic acids. The process is characterized in that the vinyl monomers are emulsion polymerized in the presence of cationic radical starters but in the absence of any emulsifier. The thus obtained polymer nanoparticle-nucleic acid conjugates are sufficiently stable in biological media and are characterized by a high transport efficiency through cellular membranes.

Abstract: An outer layer having an entanglement comprising an intermingling of cloaked hydrophilic guest and a hydrophobic polymer host, wherein molecules of the guest have been crosslinked with each other. Under certain circumstances, using complexes of the guest may be desirable or even necessary. The intermingling of the guest and host includes a physical tangling, whether it also comprises crosslinking by primary bonding (e.g., chemical/covalent bonding) there-between. Also a method of producing an outer layer having such an entanglement, including the steps of: temporarily cloaking at least a portion of the hydrophilic groups of the guest; intermingling at least a portion of the cloaked groups with a porous polymeric structure by diffusing the guest with cloaked groups into at least a portion of the structure's pores; within the pores, crosslinking at least a portion of the molecules of the guest with the guest; and removing the cloaking. Cloaking may be performed by silylation or acylation.

Abstract: Novel dendrimers as well as novel dendrimer complexes are disclosed. Such dendrimers and/or dendrimer complexes may be used for the detection of various components of a sample and as detection systems and signal enhancement/amplification systems. The dendrimers and dendrimer complexes may also be used for labelling various entities/compounds. Furthermore, labelling kits and detection kits comprising one or more labelled dendrimers or one or more dendrimer complexes are also one of the possible uses.

Abstract: Degradable cross-linkers which are used to form polymer networks which degrade under aqueous conditions are described. These cross-linkers comprise a central polyacid, monomeric or oligomeric degradable regions and an optional water soluble regions. These monomers are preferably polymerized using free radical or condensation polymerization. Degradation occurs at the ester linkages after cross-linking polymer filaments, and results in soluble polymer filaments which may be cleared from the body. Preferred applications of these materials include, for example, controlled release of drugs and cosmetics, tissue engineering, wound healing, hazardous waste remediation, metal chelation, swellable devices for absorbing liquids and the prevention of surgical adhesions.

Abstract: A biodegradable non-toxic cationic lipopolymer comprising a branched polyethylenimine (PEI), a lipid anchor, biocompatible hydrophilic polymer spacer, and a biodegradable linker which covalently links the branched PEI, the spacer and the cholesterol derived lipid anchor. The cationic lipopolymers in the present invention can be used in drug delivery and are especially useful for delivery of a nucleic acid or any anionic bioactive agent to various organs and tissues after local or systemic administration.

Abstract: Novel ethylene glycol compounds bearing various functional groups are used to prepare oligomeric structures. The ethylene glycol monomers can be joined via standard phosphate linkages including phosphodiester and phosphorothioate linkages. Useful functional groups include nucleobases as well as polar groups, hydrophobic groups, ionic groups, aromatic groups and/or groups that participate in hydrogen-bonding.

Abstract: Bituminous compositions modified with self-adhesive cold-application polymers generally used for manufacturing of watertight roofing panels, said compositions comprising a mixture containing a rubbery styrene-diene polymeric mixture, one or more tackifying resins, and bitumen.

Abstract: An acid-reacted polymer-modified asphalt composition comprising (1) at least about 80 weight percent, based upon the composition, of an asphalt; (ii) about 0.2 to about 15 weight percent, based upon the composition, of a polymer containing available epoxy groups; and (iii) an amount of an acid effective for promoting chemical bonding between the asphalt and the polymer, wherein the composition exhibits substantially improved Dynamic Shear Rheometer stiffness values without an appreciable loss in the G″ viscous component of complex modulus, and low temperature creep stiffness and “m” values.

Abstract: The invention relates to an antifouling paint having a binder comprising a rosin material and an auxiliary film-forming resin, the paint including an ingredient having marine biocide properties, wherein the binder comprises a blend of the rosin material and an auxiliary film-forming resin in ratio 20:80 to 95:5% by weight, the auxiliary film-forming resin comprising 20-100% by weight of an acid-functional film forming polymer (A) whose acid groups are blocked by groups capable of hydrolyzing, dissociating or exchanging with seawater species to leave a polymer soluble in seawater, the blocking groups being selected from quaternary ammonium groups which form a quaternary ammonium salt of the polymer and quaternary phosphonium groups which form a quaternary phosphonium salt of the polymer, and 80-20% of a non-hydrolyzing water-insoluble film-forming polymer (B).

Abstract: The invention provides a method comprising contacting, between 100° C. and 230° C. and under agitation, an elastomer, a functionalising agent and optionally, a peroxide compound. The functionalising agent is a thiolcarboxylic acid polyester or a reaction product of a thiolcarboxylic acid or ester with ethylene sulphide. The functionalised elastomer can also be pre-formed, then incorporated into the bitumen. The resulting compositions are usable directly or after dilution, for forming bituminous binders to produce surfacing, coating and waterproofing materials.

Abstract: Bituminous compositions modified with self-adhesive cold-application polymers generally used for manufacturing of watertight panels, said compositions comprising a mixture containing a rubbery styrene-diene polymeric mixture, one or more tackifying resins, and bitumen.