From Acrylonitrile Or Methacrylonitrile Patents (Class 526/341)
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Patent number: 5708104Abstract: Novel unsaturated peroxides useful as molecular weight regulators in polymerization reactions are disclosed. Also disclosed are a polymerization process employing these novel unsaturated peroxides as molecular weight regulators, polymers and oligomers made by this process and articles of manufacture comprising one or more polymers or oligomers made by this process. These molecular weight regulating peroxides provide the ability to introduce an epoxy functionality to the oligomer or polymer as well as an additional functionality. Further, omega (di) substituted or alpha, omega disubstituted polymers may be synthesized using the unsaturated peroxides of the present invention.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 1992Date of Patent: January 13, 1998Assignee: E.I. duPont de Nemours & Co.Inventors: Luc Louis Theophile Vertommen, John Meijer, Bernard Jean Maillard
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Patent number: 5683819Abstract: A composite comprised of a nitrile group-containing highly saturated copolymer rubber and a fibrous material, which copolymer rubber is a product obtained by hydrogenating the conjugated diene portion of an unsaturated nitrile-conjugated diene copolymer. The highly saturated copolymer rubber has an alkylthio group having 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and having a sulfur atom which is directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms; and the copolymer rubber further has a Mooney viscosity of 15 to 200 and an iodine value not larger than 80. This composite is useful for a belt.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: November 4, 1997Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Osamu Mori, Mitsugu Ishihara, Motofumi Oyama
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Patent number: 5668234Abstract: Acrylate monomers such as methyl methacrylate, or other suitable monomers such as lactams, lactones, or acrylamides, are polymerized by reaction injection molding (RIM) utilizing a combination of organo group-4 catalysts, e.g., a neutral organo catalyst and a cationic organo catalyst. Preferably a Lewis acid is utilized which reacts with the neutral organo catalyst and forms in situ the cationic organo catalyst. Significant exotherms are rapidly generated and result in short cure times and typically in high conversions of at least 95 percent by weight of the monomer. The catalysts of the present invention give good control of tacticity and thus high Tg polymers such as syndiotactic methyl methacrylate can be produced.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1994Date of Patent: September 16, 1997Inventors: Larry Funderburk Rhodes, Brian Leslie Goodall, Scott Collins
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Patent number: 5618900Abstract: A process of polymerizing a monomer capable of undergoing free radical polymerization, comprising contacting the monomer with a diradical initiator at a temperature sufficient to initiate free radical polymerization, wherein said diradical initiator contains sites of C--C unsaturation which cyclize to form a diradical.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1996Date of Patent: April 8, 1997Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Ray E. Drumright, Robert H. Terbrueggen, Duane B. Priddy, Robert A. Koster
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Patent number: 5616292Abstract: A process for preparing PAN fibers under precipitation polymerization conditions in an aqueous solvent system.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: April 1, 1997Inventor: Kenneth Wilkinson
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Patent number: 5612430Abstract: A polymerization method carried out in the presence of unsaturated organic peroxide chain transfer agents is disclosed. Also disclosed are (co)polymers and oligomers made by this process and articles of manufacture comprising one or more (co)polymers or oligomers made by this process. Furthermore, the use of these unsaturated organic peroxides as chain transfer agents is disclosed. The present process reduces the severe retardation of polymerization observed for unsaturated organic peroxide chain transfer agents of the prior art and, in some cases, even improves the monomer conversion in comparison to the control.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 1995Date of Patent: March 18, 1997Assignee: Akzo Nobel nvInventors: Walter H. N. Nijhuis, Auke G. Talma, Luc L. T. Vertommen, Bernard J. Maillard
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Patent number: 5587431Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preparing compositions comprising terminally unsaturated polymers of low molecular weight, referred to as oligomers or macromonomers. In particular, a first oligomer composition is obtained by free radical polymerization of a reaction mixture comprising monomers. Terminally unsaturated oligomers in the first oligomer composition, or a selected portion of the composition, are reinitiated into free radicals in order to continue their oligomerization to a desired endpoint. The process is useful for preparing an oligomer composition having a controlled degree of polymerization. The process is also useful for preparing block copolymers. Such oligomer compositions or block polymers are useful for preparing engineered or structured polymers used in making various end products, including plastics, coatings, films, and dispersants.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1995Date of Patent: December 24, 1996Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Alexei A. Gridnev, Steven D. Ittel
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Patent number: 5582834Abstract: A biocompatible monomer composition contains (A) at least one monomer of the formula:CHR.dbd.CXYwherein X and Y are each strong electron withdrawing groups, and R is H or, provided that X and Y are both cyano groups, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; and (B) an effective amount of at least one biocompatible agent effective to reduce active formaldehyde concentration levels, preferably a formaldehyde scavenger compound. The monomer is preferably an alpha-cyanoacrylate. The formaldehyde scavenger compound may be in microencapsulated or non-microencapsulated form. The composition can be applied to a variety of materials and is particularly suitable as in vivo tissue adhesive. A method of joining together in vivo two surfaces, e.g.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: December 10, 1996Assignee: Tri-Point Medical, CorporationInventors: Jeffrey C. Leung, Jeffrey G. Clark
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Patent number: 5578255Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for preparing carbon fiber reinforced carbon composites comprising:subjecting short fibers composed of bundles of multiple single fibers to dry or wet fibrillation;preparing a sheet oriented in the two-dimensional random direction; andafter impregnating the obtained sheet with resins pitches and laminating the sheet followed by molding, subjecting the molded product to baking and densification treatments.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1995Date of Patent: November 26, 1996Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationInventors: Kouhei Okuyama, Kazuo Niwa, Toshihiro Fukagawa
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Patent number: 5575997Abstract: A biocompatible monomer composition contains (A) at least one monomer of the formula:CHR.dbd.CXYwherein X and Y are each strong electron withdrawing groups, and R is H or, provided that X and Y are both cyano groups, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; and (B) an effective amount of at least one biocompatible agent effective to reduce active formaldehyde concentration levels, preferably a formaldehyde scavenger compound. The monomer is preferably an alpha-cyanoacrylate. The formaldehyde scavenger compound may be in microencapsulated or non-microencapsulated form. The composition can be applied to a variety of materials and is particularly suitable as in vivo tissue adhesive. A method of joining together in vivo two surfaces, e.g.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: November 19, 1996Assignee: Tri-Point Medical CorporationInventors: Jeffrey C. Leung, Jeffrey G. Clark
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Patent number: 5548039Abstract: A polymer scale deposition preventive agent for use in polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, comprising an alkaline solution containing a condensation product of (A) an anthraquinone compound having at least two amino groups and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of benzoquinone compounds and naphthoquinone compounds. When the monomer is polymerized in a polymerization vessel having a coating formed by applying the aforementioned preventive agent to inner wall surfaces followed by drying, polymer scale can be effectively prevented from being deposited not only on the areas located in the liquid-phase region but also on the areas around the interface between the gas and liquid phases in the polymerization vessel. When an obtained polymer is formed into a sheet or the like, it is possible to obtain a formed product having few fish eyes and low initial coloration.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1994Date of Patent: August 20, 1996Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., LtdInventors: Toshihide Shimizu, Mikio Watanabe
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Patent number: 5534594Abstract: An improved process for preparing core/shell MBS modifiers is disclosed, wherein by adding feeds of the monomers which form the second and/or third stage polymers prior to completion of polymerization of the earlier stages, a process with substantially reduced polymerization time results with no loss in properties of the product. The process further includes agglomeration of the rubbery polymer to increase particle size during the polymerization process.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1994Date of Patent: July 9, 1996Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Edward J. Troy, Anibal Rosado
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Patent number: 5514371Abstract: A biocompatible monomer composition contains (A) at least one monomer of the formula:CHR.dbd.CXYwherein X and Y are each strong electron withdrawing groups, and R is H or, provided that X and Y are both cyano groups, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; and (B) an effective amount of at least one biocompatible agent effective to reduce active formaldehyde concentration levels, preferably a formaldehyde scavenger compound. The monomer is preferably an alpha-cyanoacrylate. The formaldehyde scavenger compound may be in microencapsulated or non-microencapsulated form. The composition can be applied to a variety of materials and is particularly suitable as in vivo tissue adhesive. A method of joining together in vivo two surfaces, e.g.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1994Date of Patent: May 7, 1996Assignee: Tri-Point Medical L.P.Inventors: Jeffrey C. Leung, Jeffrey G. Clark
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Patent number: 5514372Abstract: A biocompatible monomer composition contains (A) at least one monomer of the formula:CHR.dbd.CXYwherein X and Y are each strong electron withdrawing groups, and R is H or, provided that X and Y are both cyano groups, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; and (B) an effective amount of at least one biocompatible agent effective to reduce active formaldehyde concentration levels, preferably a formaldehyde scavenger compound. The monomer is preferably an alpha-cyanoacrylate. The formaldehyde scavenger compound may be in microencapsulated or non-microencapsulated form. The composition can be applied to a variety of materials and is particularly suitable as in vivo tissue adhesive. A method of joining together in vivo two surfaces, e.g.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: May 7, 1996Assignee: Tri-Point Medical L.P.Inventors: Jeffrey C. Leung, Jeffrey G. Clark
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Patent number: 5444129Abstract: A plurality of substituted styrene monomers, for example, urea substituted, is disclosed as well as polymers and copolymers made therefrom. Various thermoset plastic components can be reacted with the monomers, polymers, or copolymers of these substituted styrenes, as for example epoxy, which form a crosslinked system useful as an adhesive or a fiber reinforced substrate for circuit boards. The monomers are made by reacting aminostyrene type monomers with isocyanate containing molecules.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1995Date of Patent: August 22, 1995Assignee: Gould Inc.Inventor: David W. Kurz
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Patent number: 5442017Abstract: A monomer having an ethylenic double bond is polymerized in a polymerization vessel provided on its inner wall surfaces with a coating of a polymer scale preventive agent which comprises a condensation product of an aromatic amine compound with an aromatic hydroxyl compound condensate. This process makes it possible to prevent effectively the deposition of polymer scale and to produce a polymer which shows few fish eyes and good whiteness when formed into sheets or the like.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 1994Date of Patent: August 15, 1995Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshihide Shimizu, Mikio Watanabe
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Patent number: 5436275Abstract: This invention offers the porous fiber in which the porous form of the fiber is with an excellent durability to heat and accordingly can afford the fiber products with a shape-retaining ability.Porous acrylonitrile fiber comprising the polymers containing not less than 95% by weight of acrylonitrile in a bonded form whereby the pores in the fiber constituting the porous structure are connected each other and are communicated with the fiber surface and, in addition, having a specific decreasing rate in the average pore diameter due to an introduction of a crosslinking structure thereinto.It is possible to offer a porous acrylonitrile fiber which has a porous structure wherein the micropores in the fiber are connected each other and are communicated with the fiber surface and also exhibits an excellent retaining ability of the shape of the fiber.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1994Date of Patent: July 25, 1995Assignee: Japan Exlan Company LimitedInventors: Shiro Kawasaki, Mamoru Ashida
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Patent number: 5434205Abstract: A process for providing extrudable polyacrylonitrile compositions. Dry, particulate polyacrylonitrile having a moisture content of less than about 1.5 percent is mixed with a liquid plasticizer such as ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate at a mixing temperature of about 140.degree. C. to about 180.degree. C. This process produces an extrudable polyacrylonitrileplasticizer composition which can be extruded to form film, fiber or other extruded or co-extruded products.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1993Date of Patent: July 18, 1995Assignee: Solcas Polymer Limited PartnershipInventor: Norman Fishman
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Patent number: 5420210Abstract: A novel formamide group-containing copolymer, or a salt thereof, which can be used as a high-molecular weight amino reagent, a starting material for functional high-molecular weight compounds, a starting material for adhesives, a polymer compatibilizer, a resin modifier, etc., and can undergo hydrolysis to give a copolymer containing a primary amino group, and a novel copolymer containing a primary amino group obtained by hydrolysis.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 1992Date of Patent: May 30, 1995Assignee: Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.Inventors: Naoki Kitazawa, Hiroshi Hotta, Hideyuki Sumi, Manabu Kikuta
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Patent number: 5405913Abstract: The invention describes a redox initiating system consisting of Cu.sup.II salts, enolizable aldehydes and ketones, and various combinations of coordinating agents for Cu.sup.II, coordinating agents for Cu.sup.I, and a strong amine base that is not oxidized by Cu.sup.II. In particular, Cu.sup.II octanoate/dibenzyl ketone/pyridine/triethylamine/triphenylphosphine systems are effective. In addition to initiating free radical polymerizations and copolymerizations, this initiating system can be applied to the synthesis of functionalized telechelics, polymers with ketone linkages in the backbone, block and graft copolymers consisting of free-radical and step-growth polymer blocks, and crosslinking reactions.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1993Date of Patent: April 11, 1995Assignee: The University of AkronInventors: H. James Harwood, Stephen D. Goodrich
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Patent number: 5401800Abstract: Substantially flat surfaced emulsion particles polymerized vinyl monomer, having a concavity in at least one of the flat surfaces, a diameter D of from 0.1 to 5.0 .mu.m, and a particle diameter thickness d ratio (d/D) of 1.2 to 5.0 prepared by the step of (1) aqueous emulsion polymerizing a first vinyl monomer or mixture of monomers (a) to form vinyl polymer seed particles; and (2) aqueous emulsion polymerizing a second vinyl monomer or mixture of monomers (b) in the presence of the vinyl polymer seed particles and a non-aqueous organic solvent having a surface tention to water at 20.degree. C. of 48 dyne/cm or more, in a weight ratio of monomer (a) to monomer (b) of 0.5/99.5 to 50/50; and are useful in high performance recording material, paint compositions and paper coating compositions.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1993Date of Patent: March 28, 1995Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Futoshi Hoshino, Makoto Nakano, Takeshi Yanagihara
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Patent number: 5387634Abstract: Opaque tinted acrylic glass produced with organic pigments or with organic dyes, which in addition to the colorant, also contains an acid in the polymer matrix, exhibits improved resistance to weathering.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 1993Date of Patent: February 7, 1995Assignee: Roehm GmbH Chemische FabrikInventors: Hans Lichtenstein, Silvia Ebert, Manfred Krieg
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Patent number: 5385978Abstract: Crimped acrylic fibers with a small diameter, a minimum aspect ratio in the 20-50 range, and having a crimp of greater than about 10% so as to enhance the viscosity of polymers, resistance to gravity-induced slumping when applied to vertical surfaces, and mix stability, as well as provide matrix reinforcement and toughness, are adapted to act as improved physical thixotropes in adhesives, sealants, coatings, paints, grouts, building materials and the like.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1994Date of Patent: January 31, 1995Assignee: Cytec Technology Corp.Inventors: Robert E. Evans, Arutun Maranci, Stanley S. Kaminski
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Patent number: 5373065Abstract: A process for producing a novel formamide group-containing copolymer, or a salt thereof, which can be used as a high-molecular weight amino reagent, a starting material for functional high-molecular weight compounds, a starting material for adhesives, a polymer compatibilizer, a resin modifier, etc.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 1993Date of Patent: December 13, 1994Assignee: Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.Inventors: Naoki Kitazawa, Hiroshi Hotta, Yasuhisa Sugita, Katsutoshi Ohta
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Patent number: 5364581Abstract: A process for the rapid precipitation polymerization of acrylonitrile and a minor amount of a vinyl carboxylic acid comonomer in an environment of less than 10 ppm metal-ions to produce an acrylonitrile copolymer which, when pyrolyzed in an oxidizing atmosphere, produces a high quality carbon fiber.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1993Date of Patent: November 15, 1994Inventor: Kenneth Wilkinson
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Patent number: 5362562Abstract: Crimped acrylic fibers with a small diameter, a minimum aspect ratio in the 20-50 range, and having a crimp of greater than about 10% so as to enhance the viscosity of polymers, resistance to gravity-induced slumping when applied to vertical surfaces, and mix stability, as well as provide matrix reinforcement and toughness, are adapted to act as improved physical thixotropes in adhesives, sealants, coatings, paints, grouts, building materials and the like.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1993Date of Patent: November 8, 1994Assignee: Cytec Technology Corp.Inventors: Robert E. Evans, Arutun Maranci, Stanley S. Kaminski
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Patent number: 5357009Abstract: A polymer scale preventive agent for use in polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, comprising an alkaline solution containing a condensation product of (A) an aliphatic diamine compound and (B) an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid anhydride. This agent is used for forming a coating on the inner wall, etc. of a polymerization vessel. Such a vessel is effective in preventing polymer scale deposition, not only on the areas in the liquid phase but also near the interface between the liquid phase and the gas phase in the vessel, and useful in producing a polymer that shows very few fish eyes and good whiteness when formed into sheets or the like.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1993Date of Patent: October 18, 1994Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshihide Shimizu, Mikio Watanabe
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Patent number: 5354821Abstract: The invention relates to moldable, radically polymerizable multicomponent mixtures, which may even be present in the form of storable multicomponent systems, containingethylenically unsaturated, polymerizable compounds, if desired in admixture with soluble and/or insoluble fillers and/or other auxiliaries, andan activator system initiatable by contact with oxygen,characterized in that, in their in-use form, the multi-component mixtures are present as at leastly slightly thickened material and contain an activator system based on the following principal components which can be initiated by contact with ambient air:N-alkyl-substituted tert.-arylamines containing at least one aliphatic CH bond in the .alpha.-position,metal compounds at least partly soluble in the system to accelerate the drying of unsaturated oils, andweakly acidic carboxylic acids having pK.sub.s values no lower than about 0.9.In their in-use form, the multicomponent mixtures preferably have a minimum viscosity of at least about 50 to 100 mPa.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1993Date of Patent: October 11, 1994Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf AktienInventors: Thomas Huver, Herbert Fischer, Winfried Emmerling
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Patent number: 5314977Abstract: This invention relates to a two stage aqueous emulsion polymerization process for making graft copolymers. In the first stage, at least one first ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of at least one mercapto-olefin compound to form a macromonomer with terminal functional groups. In the second stage, at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of the macromonomer such that a copolymer is formed with a backbone of polymerized units of the at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer and side chains of the macromonomer.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1993Date of Patent: May 24, 1994Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: David R. Amick, William D. Emmons, Dennis P. Lorah
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Patent number: 5306632Abstract: A porous shaped substrate such as a porous bead is formed from polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer thereof containing nitrile groups. The substrate has a hydrophilic surface containing amide groups constituting about 1.8 mole percent to less than about 15 mole percent of the total nitrile groups, and containing no amide or carboxyl groups. The substrate is substantially non-swellable in water and is able to resist pressures in a columnar bed of up to about 3000 psi without collapsing. In forming the amide groups, polyacrylonitrile or copolymer thereof containing nitrile groups, an alkaline catalyst such as sodium hydroxide and a nonsolvent for the substrate such as methanol are combined to form a suspension. A peroxide is added to the suspension and the suspension is heated to hydrolyze nitrile groups to amide groups. Succinylated aminoethyl groups or activated carboxyl groups can be formed on the substrate and a bioactive ligand such as p-aminobenzamidine covalently bonded to the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1993Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: Cytec Technology Corp.Inventors: Larry S. Anderson, Michael T. Cooke, David A. Ley
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Patent number: 5302681Abstract: The premature free-radical polymerization of a non-linear, readily polymerizable organic monomer under conditions where the monomer would otherwise polymerize is inhibited by incorporating within the non-linear, readily polymerizable monomer a polymerization inhibiting amount of a fullerene or a derivative thereof.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1992Date of Patent: April 12, 1994Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventor: Robert D. McClain
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Patent number: 5292839Abstract: Novel unsaturated peroxyketals useful as molecular weight regulators in polymerization reactions are disclosed. Also disclosed are a polymerization process employing these novel unsaturated peroxyketals as molecular weight regulators, polymers and oligomers made by this process and articles of manufacture comprising one or more polymers or oligomers made by this process. These molecular weight regulating peroxyketals provide the ability to introduce an epoxy functionality to the oligomer or polymer as well as an additional functionality, in a manner which gives a higher monomer conversion and less by-products than with comparable chain transfer regulators.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1993Date of Patent: March 8, 1994Assignee: Akzo N.V.Inventors: Luc L. T. Vertommen, John Meijer, Bernard J. Maillard
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Patent number: 5270412Abstract: Dispersion polymers based on ethylenically unsaturated monomers, the polymers containing at least 1% by weight of specific monomer units of ethylenically unsaturated urea derivatives (see formula I), process for their preparation particularly by free-radical initiated emulsion, suspension or bead polymerization or copolymerization and their use as coating compositions, preferably in the form of aqueous dispersions, particularly as corrosion inhibiting metal coating compounds, moreover as adhesives, molded plastics and as binders, thickeners and auxiliaries in industrial chemical compositions.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1992Date of Patent: December 14, 1993Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Karl J. Rauterkus, Hans-Ullrich Huth, Karl-Hans Angelmayer
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Patent number: 5268417Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of a copolymer obtained by free-radical polymerization and containing from 0.01 to 40% w/w of polymerized units of comonomers having at least one aldehyde or keto group, which dispersions contain at least one polyisocyanate in which the isocyanate groups are blocked by oximes.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1992Date of Patent: December 7, 1993Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Ulrich Filges, Karl Haeberle, Lothar Maempel, Oral Aydin, Gerhard Bauer
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Patent number: 5268436Abstract: The invention relates to moldable, radically polymerizable multicomponent mixtures containingethylenically unsaturated, polymerizable compounds, if desired in admixture with soluble and/or insoluble fillers andan activator system initiatable by contact with oxygen,and is characterized in that these multicomponent mixtures contain an activator system based on the following principal components which can be initiated by contact with oxygen and water and, in particular, by contact with ambient air:N-alkyl-substituted tert-arylamines containing at least one aliphatic CH bond in the .alpha.-positionmetal compounds at least partly soluble in the system to accelerate the drying of unsaturated oils andcompounds of weakly acidic carboxylic acids having pK.sub.a values of no less than about 0.9 which can be hydrolyzed to the free carboxylic acid on contact with moisture.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 1991Date of Patent: December 7, 1993Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf AktienInventors: Thomas Huver, Herbert Fischer, Winfried Emmerling
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Patent number: 5252692Abstract: Novel amphoteric acrylic and methacrylic copolymers are described comprising cationic units of pendant N-substituted amidine and anionic units of acrylic or methacrylic acid and/or acidic groups carried by substituents of N-acrylamide, N-methacrylamide, N-acrylamidine or N-methacrylamidine. One preferred embodiment is a copolymer in which at least some types of functional groups are organized in blocks. Particularly preferred are blocks of pendant nitrile groups. Preferred compositions have the said N-substituents of the amides and/or amidines containing polar groups other than primary amines. Particularly preferred polar groups are tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium salts, hydroxyls and sulfonic acid. These copolymers may optionally be convalently or physically crosslinked and swellable rather than soluble in water.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1990Date of Patent: October 12, 1993Assignee: Kingston Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Jan Lovy, Vladimir A. Stoy
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Patent number: 5247033Abstract: A polymerization method carried out in the presence of unsaturated hydroperoxides useful as molecular weight regulators, is disclosed. Also disclosed are polymers and oligomers made by this process and articles of manufacture comprising one or more polymers or oligomers made by this process. These molecular weight regulating hydroperoxides provide the ability to introduce an epoxy functionality to the oligomer or polymer as well as an additional functionality and a primary hydroxy group. Further, omega substituted or alpha, omega disubstituted polymers may be synthesized using the unsaturated hydroperoxides of the present invention.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1992Date of Patent: September 21, 1993Assignee: Akzo N.V.Inventors: Luc L. T. Vertommen, John Meijer
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Patent number: 5247040Abstract: This invention relates to a two stage aqueous emulsion polymerization process for making graft copolymers. In the first stage, at least one first ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of at least one mercapto-olefin compound to form a macromonomer with terminal functional groups. In the second stage, at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of the macromonomer such that a copolymer is formed with a backbone of polymerized units of the at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer and side chains of the macromonomer.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1991Date of Patent: September 21, 1993Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: David R. Amick, William D. Emmons, Dennis P. Lorah
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Patent number: 5244986Abstract: A method of preventing polymer scale deposition in a polymerization vessel in polymerization of a particular monomer having an ethylenic double bond having a high dissolving power against the conventional scale preventive coatings, wherein said polymerization is carried out in a polymerization vessel of which the inner wall has been previously coated with a first coating solution comprising:(A) a water-soluble anionic dye, and(B) at least one member selected from the group consisting of inorganic colloids and cationic dyes, to form a first coating, and the first coating thus formed has been then coated with a second coating solution comprising:(C) an alkaline earth metal compound, and at least one member selected from the group consisting of:(D) a water-soluble anionic dye and(E) an inorganic colloid, to form a second coating. The polymerization vessel having the double coating as prepared above is also disclosed. Polymer scale deposition can be effectively prevented.Type: GrantFiled: September 4, 1992Date of Patent: September 14, 1993Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mikio Watanabe, Masahiro Usuki, Susumu Ueno
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Patent number: 5216098Abstract: The present invention provides crosslinked ampholytic copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1992Date of Patent: June 1, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Iqbal Ahmed, Henry L. Hsieh
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Patent number: 5214113Abstract: A method of preventing polymer scale deposition during polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically double bond in a polymerization vessel, comprising the step of carrying out said polymerization in a polymerization vessel of which the inner wall surface has a coating comprising:(A) a lignin, and(B) a cellulose derivative; and a polymer scale preventive agent comprising said components (A) and (B).Deposition of polymer scale can be effectively prevented; polymers with high whiteness can be prepared; the scale preventive agent used has no poisonousness and are highly safe, therefore this method can be performed with high safe.Type: GrantFiled: September 6, 1990Date of Patent: May 25, 1993Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshihide Shimizu, Susumu Ueno, Ichiro Kaneko, Mikio Watanabe
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Patent number: 5214112Abstract: A method of preventing polymer scale deposition during polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically double bond in a polymerization vessel, comprising the step of carrying out said polymerization in a polymerization vessel of which the inner wall surface has a coating comprising:(A) a water-soluble nitrogen-containing cationic polymeric compound, and(B) a water-soluble anionic polymeric compound; and a polymer scale preventive agent comprising said (A) and (B). Polymer scale deposition is effectively prevented, and polymers with high whiteness can be prepared.Type: GrantFiled: September 6, 1990Date of Patent: May 25, 1993Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshihide Shimizu, Susumu Ueno, Ichiro Kaneko, Mikio Watanabe
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Patent number: 5194537Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for the preparation of nitrile group containing polymers which comprises reacting a nitrile group containing vinyl monomer with an initiator of the general formula [ArCR.sub.1 R.sub.2 ].crclbar.[N(R.sub.3 R.sub.4 R.sub.5 R.sub.6)].sym. wherein Ar=phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic compound, R.sub.1 =R.sub.2 =H, ester, cyano, alkyl, aryl, 1,3-oxazoline, N,N-dimethyl amide and other similar alpha activating groups, or combination of them, or one of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 together with Ar, where Ar is phenyl or substituted phenyl, is a nitrogen atom containing heterocyclic compound and the other being a nitrile group, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 may be same or different and represent substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, arylalkyl or aryl or two of the R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 together with nitrogen atom form a heterocycle with the condition that the sum of all carbon atoms or all R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 1990Date of Patent: March 16, 1993Assignee: Council of Scientific & Industrial ResearchInventors: Durairaj Bhaskaran, Pradeep K. Dhal, Sanjay P. Kashikar, Ratnaprabha S. Khisti, Babanrao M. Shinde, Swaminathan Sivaram
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Patent number: 5164451Abstract: The maleimide copolymer of the invention is of the class of N-substituted maleimide copolymer such as N-alkyl or N-aromatic maleimide copolymer having peroxy bonds in a molecule, utilizable as a precursor for preparing a maleimide block copolymer and as a modifier for other resins. The maleimide block copolymer, which is useful as a molding material or a thermal resistance improver, is obtained by polymerizing maleimide monomers in the presence of a polymeric peroxide followed by polymerizing vinyl monomers.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1992Date of Patent: November 17, 1992Assignee: Nippon Oil and Fats Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kenji Kato, Kazunori Doiuchi, Yasumi Koinuma, Yukinori Haruta, Kazuyoshi Aoshima
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Patent number: 5162476Abstract: Disclosed is a linear acrylonitrile polymer having a viscosity average molecular weight of at least 50,000, which has a stereoregularity such that the polymer satisfies requirements of I>0.4 and (I+3S)>0.95, wherein I represents the fraction of the isotactic triad and S represents the fraction of the syndiotactic triad. A shaped article is made from a composition comprised of the linear acrylonitrile polymer and a solvent or plasticizer which is selected from a protonic acid and an aqueous solution thereof, an aqueous inorganic salt solution, and a mixture of an organic solvent and an inorganic salt. The fiber made therefrom has an enhanced drawability.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1991Date of Patent: November 10, 1992Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kunio Hisatani, Hitoshi Yamazaki
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Patent number: 5145929Abstract: Pressure-activated adhesive that is a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile. The copolymer has a single glass transition temperature of no higher than about -25.degree. C., a nitrile content of no greater than about 31%, preferably of from about 18% by weight to about 30% by weight, a Mooney viscosity of at least 95 (measured according to ASTM D1646-87 at 100.degree. C. for 4 minutes), preferably from about 120 to about 150. The copolymer is not cross-linked, and the amount of vinyl groups in the copolymer should not exceed 10% by weight. The adhesive can be used to form an adhesive layer of an adhesive tape.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1991Date of Patent: September 8, 1992Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventor: David T. Ou-Yang
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Patent number: 5138005Abstract: An unsaturated nitrile/conjugated diene copolymer rubber is prepared by an aqueous suspension polymerization of a monomer mixture of a conjugated diene monomer, a nitrile group-containing unsaturated monomer and an optional copolymerizable monomer. The suspension polymerization is carried out in an aqueous medium in a reactor provided with an agitating element under the following conditions:(1) the water/monomer mixture weight ratio is from 0.1 to 4,(2) 0.01 to 5 weight parts, per 100 weight parts of the monomer mixture, of a dispersing agent is used, and(3) the agitating element is rotated under conditions such that the speed (U m/sec) of the tip thereof, expressed by the formula: U=.pi..times.D.times.n, is from 1 to 20, wherein D is diameter (m) of the rotation circle of the agitating element and n is number of revolutions (per second) of the agitating element.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1991Date of Patent: August 11, 1992Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Suguru Tsuji, Hiromi Numata
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Patent number: 5135997Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the radical homo-or copolymerization of acrylonitrile with one or more copolymerizable monomers under reaction conditions such that the monomers are present predominantly in a gaseous form of an adsorbed form and polymerization of the monomers, which are presumably adsorbed, takes place in the solid phase (solvent-free polymerization) and results in pulverulent PAN-(co)polymers. The process is preferably carried out in the presence of small quantities of a mediator substance such as dimethylformamide which does not alter the pulverulent consistency of the PAN-polymers but leads considerably more rapidly and with much improved yields to freshly formed polyacrylonitrile polymers.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1990Date of Patent: August 4, 1992Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Karl-Heinz Feltgen, Rudiger Franck, Konrad Hable, Siegfried Korte, Manfred Heckenbach
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Patent number: 5130391Abstract: The present invention provides crosslinked ampholytic copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1990Date of Patent: July 14, 1992Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Iqbal Ahmed, Henry L. Hsiehp
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Patent number: 5116921Abstract: The present invention provides crosslinked ampholytic copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1991Date of Patent: May 26, 1992Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Henry L. Hsieh