Abstract: A packing material including a strip of corrugated cellulosic material and a method of packing an object in a shipping box using the packing material. The strip of corrugated cellulosic material includes a plurality of macro flutes and is moveable between an expanded state and a compressed state. The strip of corrugated cellulosic material is in the compressed state when a compression force is applied to the strip of corrugated cellulosic material in the longitudinal direction and in the expanded state when the compression force is removed. The length of the strip of corrugated cellulosic material is longer in the expanded state than the compressed state.

Abstract: A method for producing thermosetting phenolic resins includes the step of reacting a polycondensable phenolic compound with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) under conditions leading to the formation of polycondensation products. The HMF includes at least one HMF oligomer, and the reaction step is carried out at pH values greater than 7 for more than 60 minutes. Further, thermosetting phenolic resins may be used for producing a wood composite material.

Abstract: An end-to-end system/process for producing advantageous end products from a raw biomass feedstock is provided. The process includes steps for enhancing biomaterial feedstock, biochar generation and end-product fabrication. The method steps may be employed in selecting, treating and handling biomass materials and their additive inputs to tailor their end performance. Each operative step in the process may be employed to enhance the overall effectiveness of biochar generation and use. Charring furnace design and operational parameters are provided that generate desirable biochar material for various applications, including specifically fabrication of ultra-capacitor electrodes and electric battery components.

Abstract: A cellulose resin produced by binding a hydrogenated cardanol containing 3-pentadecylcyclohexanol, and cellulose or a derivative thereof through the reaction between a hydroxy group of the hydrogenated cardanol, a hydroxy group of the cellulose or a derivative thereof and isocyanate groups of a diisocyanate compound.

Abstract: A cellulose resin produced by binding cardanol or a derivative thereof and abietic acid or a derivative thereof to cellulose or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The present invention describes a fungal modified chitosan adhesive for binding a fibrous material and the method of producing the adhesive. The adhesive is produced by providing a chitosan containing raw material; a fungal growing medium; a fungal culture; mixing the raw material, the growing medium and the fungal culture together to produce a suspension; incubating the suspension to produce a broth comprising a modified chitosan solid, an at least partially-consumed medium liquid and a fungal residue; separating the modified chitosan solid from the liquid and the fungal residue, and dissolving the modified chitosan solid to produce the adhesive resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of organic chemistry, pharmacology and medicine and concerns a method for producing a copolymer of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and gossypol having the formula (I), as well as the use thereof in a combined treatment for patients with autistic spectrum disorders and cognitive impairment.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer film excellent in performance of inducing Rth.

Abstract: A cellulose resin produced by binding cardanol or a derivative thereof and abietic acid or a derivative thereof to cellulose or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new (meth)acrylate compositions, their preparation and their use in ultraviolet light curable applications such as coatings, inks and adhesives.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to fibrous products, such as fiberglass, and methods for producing the same. For example, the disclosure describes cured and uncured binders useful in the fabrication of products from loosely assembled fibers. The disclosure also describes methods of fabricating products from loosely assembled fibers utilizing the aforementioned binders.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple, non-destructive and versatile method that enables layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to be performed on virtually any substrate. A novel catechol-functionalized polymer which adsorbs to virtually all surfaces and can serve as a platform for LbL assembly in a surface-independent fashion is also provided.

Abstract: A dihydroxyphenyl cross-linked macromolecular network is provided that is useful in artificial tissue and tissue engineering applications, particularly to provide a synthetic macromolecular network for a wide variety of tissue types. In particular, artificial or synthetic cartilage, vocal cord material, vitreous material, soft tissue material and mitral valve material are described. In an embodiment, the network is composed of tyramine-substituted and cross-linked hyaluronan molecules, wherein cross-linking is achieved via peroxidase-mediated dityramine-linkages that can be performed in vivo. The dityramine bonds provide a stable, coherent hyaluronan-based hydrogel with desired physical properties.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to homogeneous phase enzyme-catalyzed processes for producing modified chitosan polymers or oligomers. An enzyme is reacted with a phenolic substrate in the presence of a chitosan polymer or oligomer to produce a modified chitosan polymer or oligomer. The invention also includes modified chitosan polymers or oligomers produced by the novel processes, in particular modified chitosan polymers or oligomers having useful functional properties, such as base solubility and/or high viscosity.

Abstract: Anti-reflective compositions are prepared from cellulosic binders with improved etch rates.

Abstract: Disclosed are cosmetic melanins of different colors produced by procedures involving oxidative polymerization of monomeric precursors of melanin and/or co-monomers that enhance substantivity or adherence of the melanins to the skin and hair. Also disclosed are methods for preparing cosmetic melanins and methods for using these compositions topically to produce a natural-appearing tan and to prevent damage to skin caused by UV exposure.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: ##STR1## are disclosed. The compounds are photoinitiators which can be functionalized by means of ethylenic groups or can be bonded to H-active substances, in order, for example, to modify surfaces by means of photopolymerizable substances. The compounds are especially useful in the manufacture of contact lenses.

Abstract: A process for preparing a modified polysaccharide graft copolymer complex which comprises the steps of:i. subjecting polysaccharide to graft copolymerization with a vinyl monomer;ii. treating the polysaccharide graft copolymer with:a. polyethylene glycol to provide a polymer-PEG complex; orb. a silicate compound to provide a silica precipitated polymer; andiii. recovering the polymer-PEG complex or silica precipitated polymer.This modified polysaccharide graft copolymer may be used as a surface sizing agent in the preparation of paper.

Abstract: A method for producing sucrose-based epoxy monomers having one to eight epoxy groups per molecule of sucrose, which comprises reacting a mixture comprising: a sucrose monomer having an allyl-containing group on at least one of the hydroxyl groups, and a reagent or catalyst selected from molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, titanium and peracid, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or a derivative thereof, in relative amounts sufficient to produce a sucrose-based epoxy monomer. Monomers thus produced are also provided. The sucrose-based epoxy monomers can be cured to produce a sucrose-based epoxy resin. Such resins are useful, for example, as adhesives, composites and coatings.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preparing a sized synthetic fiber comprising the steps of (a) preparing a sizing composition for synthetic materials used in textile manufacturing comprising (i) a lubricant or wetting agent and (ii) a binder composition comprising starch and a reaction product of styrene and 1,3-butadiene wherein said starch is characterized by an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.07 dl/g to about 0.35 dl/g; (b) sizing synthetic fiber with the sizing composition of step (a); and (c) removing excess sizing composition from the sized fiber.

Abstract: A dried film reinforced with coalescable water insoluble polymer particles which are substantially noncoalesced is disclosed. Also disclosed are dried films reinforced with noncoalesced water insoluble polymer particles which are readily water dispersible. Also disclosed are stable aqueous dispersions for formation of such films which comprise (a) a water insoluble component comprising coalescable polymer particles which have a T.sub.g less than 55.degree. C. and a majority of which have a particle size of less than 1 micron; and (b) a water soluble component which comprises a water soluble polymer capable of inhibiting coalescence of the polymer particles, or a water soluble polymer and a component capable of inhibiting coalescence of the polymer particles.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a binding and plasticizing agent for preparing refractory materials, in which the binding agent contains a synthetic resin, a phosphate, and a surface-active agent.

Abstract: An ethylene glycol composition containing a glycol-compatible welan gum having unique viscosity and thermal properties. The composition is especially suitable as an insulation material.

Abstract: Provided is a carbonaceous binder composition which comprises a polymerized and dehydrated carbohydrate, a monomer or polymer of resorcinol, and water. It is important that the carbohydrate is a polymer when combined with the remaining components of the composition. Polymerization of the carbohydrate prior to being combined with the other components of the composition has been found to result in an increased carbon yield upon pyrolysis of the binder. The binder composition also has an effective shelf life of three months or longer and gives off no objectionable smell either before or after being pyrolyzed. More importantly, the binder is also free of any skin or respiratory irritants, and is in effect non-carcinogenic.

Abstract: The process allows obtaining thermosetting resins resistant to boiling water. A chemical body having at least two methylol functions per molecule, is reacted with a chemical compound having at least two hydrogen functions per molecule, so as to create polymerization links of the type: ##STR1## Such resins can be used in particular for manufacturing plywood or chipboards.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fiber comprising, chemically bonded together, (a) a conventional cellulosic fiber, such as a Kraft fiber or a chemithermomechanical pulp fiber; (b) poly(acrylate-co-itaconate), such as the acid form of a poly(acrylate-co-itaconate) comprising 90-95 mole % acrylate and 5-10 mole % itaconate having weight average molecular weight of about 600,000-900,000; and (c) a polyol, such as polyethylene glycol; also disclosed are methods for making such fibers, especially evaporatively depositing an intimate mixture of the copolymer and polyol on the fiber followed by thermally crosslinking at specific temperatures for limited periods; absorbent paper which can be made by wet-laying the fiber, especially in admixture with conventional fiber; and derivative paper structures, such as multi-ply disposable absorbent towels.

Abstract: An aqueous, salt stable polymeric dispersion comprising the reaction product of a thinned, gelatinized starch and one or more vinyl monomers, said monomer(s) comprising at least 10% 1,3-butadiene by weight is disclosed.

Abstract: A stable aqueous polymeric dispersion comprising a graft copolymer of thinned, gelatinized starch and one or more vinyl grafting monomers, the vinyl monomers including at least 10% by weight 1,3-butadiene is disclosed. Also disclosed are paper coating color compositions comprising the polymeric dispersions and pigments and improved high gloss papers coated with the coating color compositions.

Abstract: A stable aqueous polymeric dispersion comprising a graft copolymer of thinned, gelatinized starch and one or more vinyl grafting monomers, the vinyl monomers including at least 10% by weight 1,3-butadiene is disclosed. Also disclosed are paper coating color compositions comprising the polymeric dispersions and pigments and improved high gloss papers coated with the coating color compositions.

Abstract: A composition capable of selectively plugging highly permeable zones in a subterranean formation. The composition forms a gel subsequent to its injection into the formation via an injection well. The composition comprises an aqueous solution of a welan gum heteropolysaccharide biopolymer produced by the fermentation of a microorganism of the genus Alcaligenes, a phenolic compound, an aldehyde and water. The compositions of this invention will form stable gels even in low salinity brines. Also provided is a process for selectively plugging regions of higher permeability within an oil-bearing subterranean formation to improve sweep efficiency during a fluid flood oil recovery process using the gel-forming compositions of this invention.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing thermosetting resins comprises reacting a first compound bearing at least one aldehyde function and a second organic compound bearing at least one hydrogen function. The first chemical is an agricultural by-product containing at least one sugar which can be transformed by hydrolysis into a sugar bearing at least one aldehyde function. Such resins are intended in particular for the manufacture of plywood and particle boards.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a phenolic resin, as for example phenol formaldehyde, an active hydrogen containing polymer as for example a polyamide, and a curing agent, such as a polyepoxide.

Abstract: Alkali metal aldehyde lignin-cellulose silicate polymers are reacted chemically with an epihalohydrin compound to produce a polyepoxy silicate resin; the polyepoxy silicate resin may be cured by a catalyst, e.g., an amine or Lewis acid, to produce a cured epoxy resin, solid or cellular solid product which may be used as an adhesive, as construction sheets, etc.

Abstract: An alkali metal broken-down plant silicate polymer is reacted with a Lewis acid and an epoxide compound to produce a polyhydroxy lignin-cellulose polymer which may be reacted with polyisocyanates to produce polyurethane silicate foam and be used for insulation.

Abstract: Alkali metal aldehyde lignin-cellulose silicate polymers are reacted chemically with an epihalohydrin compound to produce a polyepoxy silicate resin; the polyepoxy silicate resin may be cured by a catalyst, e.g., an amine or Lewis acid, to produce a cured epoxy resin, solid or cellular solid product which may be used as an adhesive, as construction sheets, etc.

Abstract: Alkali metal aldehyde lignin-cellulose silicate polymers are reacted chemically with an epihalohydrin compound to produce a polyepoxy silicate resin; the polyepoxy silicate resin may be cured by a catalyst, e.g., an amine or Lewis acid, to produce a cured epoxy resin, solid or cellular solid product which may be used as an adhesive, as construction sheets, etc.

Abstract: A water-dilutable thermo-setting resol is prepared from phenol, formaldehyde, an amide and a sugar type compound. The invention provides advance in the art by allowing replacement of some of the phenol-formaldehyde resin contained in the resol with sugar type compounds.