Abstract: Methods of making and using starch graft copolymers produce particle sizes useful in granule applicators for applying to agricultural fields. Starch graft copolymers on field crops provide excellent anti-crusting properties, increased seed germination and stand, increased crop growth, increased crop yields and reduced water requirements.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for the production of molded particles for microbial cell-immobilization which is characterized in that: an aqueous liquid composition which comprises: (a) an ethylenically unsaturated group-containing urethane resin which is obtained by making a tertiary amino group-containing diol react with a polyisocyanate compound, and by further introducing an ethylenically unsaturated group; (b) a polymerization initiator; and (c) water-soluble macromolecular polysaccharides; is gelatinized, in an aqueous medium which contains metal ion, to be particulate gel which is then subjected to photopolymerization and/or thermopolymerization by which to cause the crosslinking reaction of ethylenically unsaturated group in said particulate gel.

Abstract: A manufacturing method comprising the steps of forming at first solidified wax layer of a desired shape, depositing onto the first solidified wax layer at least one layer of a liquid resin formulation, solidifying the layer of liquid resin formulation, depositing a second wax layer on to the combination of the first solidified wax layer and the layer of solidified resin formulation, solidifying the second wax layer, and separating the solidified resin formulation from first and second wax layers. Preferably, the resin formulation comprises at least one monofunctional water soluble vinyl or acrylic monomer in combination with a low molecular weight aliphatic polymer having acrylic or methacrylic acid functionality. The solidified wax and resin formulation layers can be machined as may be desired to form mold of a given shape comprising wax layers when the layer of formulation is separated from the wax layers.

Abstract: The use of methylpropane-1,3-diol mono(meth)-acrylate to prepare oxidatively and/or thermally curable coating compositions, adhesives, and sealing compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are hyaluronate-containing hydrogels having angiogenic and vascularizing activity and pre-gel blends for preparing the hydrogels. The hydrogels contain a cross-linked matrix of a non-angiogenic hyaluronate and a derivatized polysaccharide material, in which cross-linking is effected by free-radical polymerization. Kits for preparing the hydrogels are also disclosed.

Abstract: A starch-based graft polymer, a process for its preparation and printing inks and overprint varnishes containing the graft polymer. The graft polymer is based on a derivatized starch or a derivatized starch product as the graft substrate. The starch or starch product is derivatized by one or more bifunctional monomers and grafted, at sites of derivatization, with one ore more ethylene derivatives. The process for preparing the graft polymer involves the provision of an aqueous medium containing dissolved or dispersed starch or dissolved or dispersed starch product. This dissolved or dispersed starch or dissolved or dispersed starch product is subjected to derivatization with one or more bifunctional monomers to prepare a derivatized starch or a derivatized starch product. The derivatized starch or derivatized starch product then is graft-polymerized, at sites of derivatization, with one ore more ethylene derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention provides solid supports (e.g., glass) and polymer hydrogels (particularly polymer hydrogel arrays present on a solid support) comprising one or more reactive sites for the attachment of biomolecules, as well as biomolecules comprising one or more reactive sites for attachment to solid supports and polymer hydrogels. The invention further provides novel compositions and methods for the preparation of biomolecules, solid supports, and polymer hydrogels comprising reactive sites. The invention also provides for preparation of crosslinked solid supports, polymer hydrogels, and hydrogel arrays, wherein one or more biomolecules is attached by means of the reactive sites in a photocycloaddition reaction. Advantageously, according to the invention, crosslinking of the hydrogel and attachment of biomolecules can be done in a single step.

Abstract: A method of preparing a resin-fortified polymer emulsion is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises polymerizing at least one monomer in the presence of a surfactant, an initiator, a resin and sugar-based vinyl monomer under emulsion polymerization reaction conditions effective for initiating polymerization, wherein an emulsion polymerization product is formed that comprises a sugar-based vinyl monomer. A composition comprising resin-fortified emulsion polymer comprising a sugar-based vinyl monomer, a resin and at least one emulsion polymerizable monomer is also disclosed. An ink comprising a pigment and a resin-fortified polymer emulsion comprising a sugar-based vinyl monomer, a resin and at least one emulsion polymerizable monomer is also disclosed.

Abstract: A manufacturing method comprising the steps of forming at first solidified wax layer of a desired shape, depositing onto the first solidified wax layer at least one layer of a liquid resin formulation, solidifying the layer of liquid resin formulation, depositing a second wax layer on to the combination of the first solidified wax layer and the layer of solidified resin formulation, solidifying the second wax layer, and separating the solidified resin formulation from first and second wax layers. Preferably, the resin formulation comprises at least one monofunctional water soluble vinyl or acrylic monomer in combination with a low molecular weight aliphatic polymer having acrylic or methacrylic acid functionality. The solidified wax and resin formulation layers can be machined as may be desired to form mold of a given shape comprising wax layers when the layer of formulation is separated from the wax layers.

Abstract: An amphoteric polymer dispersion obtained in the presence of at least one of starch or a starch derivative by a two-stage polymerization using anionic and cationic monomers is useful as a sizing agent for paper products, as a coating for various substrates, and as a binder in pigment-free coatings or pigment-containing coatings. The dispersion is exceptionally compatible with widely differing sizing agent systems and coating chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water-swellable, hydrophilic polymer compositions which can be prepared by free-radical (co)polymerization of one or more hydrophilic monomers in the presence of starch and/or chemically modified starch, wherein a free-radical initiator which forms three or more free radical sites per molecule is used.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are starch stabilized polymeric emulsions. Persulfate salts degrade starch to give it suitable characteristics, and then also, essentially simultaneously, initiate polymerization with monomers. This permits a single reaction condition to be used for both the degradation step and the polymerization step, and avoids the need for use of metallic ions such as iron.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for the preparation of a starch copolymer product which is the reaction product of starch and one or more synthetic monomers capable of undergoing free radical polymerization wherein the reaction product is in the form of an emulsion or dispersion having weight-average particle sizes less than 180 nm as measured by Capillary Hydrodynamic Fractionation.

Abstract: An oligomer composed of a carbohydrate head group and an oligomer chain is disclosed. Methods for increasing the oligomerization rates of lactones and cyclic carbonates are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modified cellulose ester containing unsaturated pendent groups which can be prepared by reacting a cellulose ester containing residual hydroxyl groups with, for example, maleic anhydride in acetic acid solvent with sodium acetate catalyst. The modified cellulose ester is not homopolymerizable but will copolymerize in the presence of vinyl crosslinking agents and a photoinitiator upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The modified cellulose ester is useful as a protective and/or decorative coating for wood, metal, plastics, paper, board, and other substrates, as well as an additive to printing inks, and as a nail polish. In addition, because of the propensity for the pendant carboxyl groups to form hydrophilic salts with amines, the modified cellulose esters can be formulated to be water-dispersible.

Abstract: A process for producing an amphoteric aqueous polymer dispersion by two-step radical copolymerization includes (a) decomposing a starch by treatment with an enzyme or acid hydrolysis to provide a starch solution composed of decomposed starch and/or derivatives thereof having an average molecular weight ranging from 500 to 2000 g/mole and with the starch solution having an internal viscosity<0.

Abstract: A graft copolymer for use as an adhesive for drug delivery patches or dressings that is resistant to dissolution in the presence of skin penetration enhancers comprises copolymerized acrylic and, optionally, vinyl monomers, to form a backbone polymer, to which are grafted polymeric moieties that do not absorb greater than 3% by weight of a skin-penetration enhancer under thermodynamic equilibrium at 25.degree. C. if independently introduced into an excess of the enhancer. Preferably, the grafted polymers are selected from the classes of polybutylene, polysaccharide, poly(ethyleneoxide/propyleneoxide), and polyamide polymers, and specific grafted polymers will depend on the specific enhancers used in a particular drug delivery system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a material having hydrophilic surface which comprises forming a hydrophobic photopolymerizable composition comprising a hydrophobic compound (a) having two or more polymerizable unsaturated double bonds per molecule and a photopolymerization initiator into a desired form and irradiating the resultant shape (b) with actinic rays while keeping the surface of the shape (b) in contact with a hydrophilic liquid (d) containing a hydrophilic compound (c) having one or more polymerizable unsaturated double bonds under such conditions that a photopolymerization reaction is prevented from occurring in the hydrophilic liquid (d) except at the interface between the liquid (d) and the shape (b), whereby the shape (b) is cured and, at the same time, the hydrophobic compound (a) is copolymerized with the hydrophilic compound (c) at the interface between the shape (b) and the hydrophilic liquid (d) to chemically bond molecules of the hydrophilic compound (c) to the surface of the hydropho

Abstract: Disclosed are a liquid-absorbent polymer and a substantially clear gelatinoid product. The liquid absorbent polymer comprises a saponified graft copolymer of starch and a polynitrile species, such as polyacrylonitrile. In accordance with the disclosed invention, the liquid-absorbent polymer is prepared from a derivatized starch, the derivatized starch having a degree of substitution sufficient to substantially inhibit starch-starch interactions in the gelatinoid product formed upon mixing of the polymer with liquid. Preferred starches have a degree of substitution (DS) of at least about 0.01. Upon saponification of the liquid-absorbent polymer and placing of the polymer into absorbent contact with a liquid, a gelatinoid product will be formed. The gelatinoid product thus formed will have a substantially homogeneous index of refraction, and thus will be substantially clear.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water-soluble, acid-groups-containing graft copolymers which are at least partially biodegradable and are based on sugars and monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids and/or phosphonic acids or the salts of said acids as well as optional further monomers. The present invention further relates to a process for producing the graft copolymers at temperatures of up to 200.degree. C. by means of radical polymerization initiators, in that a total mixture of 5-60%-wt. mono-, di- and oligosaccharides, the derivatives thereof or the mixtures thereof, and 95-40%-wt. of a monomer mixture comprising at least one monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, at least one monoethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid, one monoethylenically unsaturated sulfuric acid ester and/or vinylphosphonic acid or the salts of said acids with monovalent cations, as well as optional further monomers is polymerized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new form of biocompatible materials (e.g., lipids, polycations, polysaccharides) which are capable of undergoing free radical polymerization, e.g., by using certain sources of light; methods of modifying certain synthetic and naturally occurring biocompatible materials to make polymerizable microcapsules containing biological material coated with said polymerizable materials, composites of said polymerizable materials, methods of making microcapsules and encapsulating biological materials therein, and apparatus for making microcapsules containing biological cells (particularly islets of Langerhans) coated with polymerizable alginate or with a composite thereof (e.g., alginate and PEG). The present invention also relates to drug delivery systems relating to the foregoing, as well as bioadhesives and wound dressings made utilizing the foregoing technology.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided methods to render cells non-adhesive and/or non-immunogenic with respect to macromolecules typically encountered in culture media or in physiological media.

Abstract: The invention relates to the chemical bonding of a polymer/or polymers onto non-metallic substrates such as cellophane by ultrasonic techniques. The cellophane film is preactivated by contacting with silver nitrate solution followed by treatment with potassium hydroxide solution whereby particles of silver and silver oxide are uniformly distributed, in situ, over the surface of cellophane film. The pretreated cellophane film when contacted with grafting solution, that contains monomers, prepolymers, catalyst, graft initiator and other ingredients of the composition, which is being agitated with ultrasonic energy results in polymerization of monomer/prepolymer onto the surface of the cellophane film.

Abstract: Photocurable glycosaminoglycan (GAG) derivatives and crosslinked glycosaminoglycans, which are highly safe and biocompatible, a method of preparing such photocurable GAG derivatives readily moldable by casting using a solvent when desired, by which method unreacted substances causative of adverse effects can be readily eliminated, and a method of producing the crosslinked GAGs and medical materials based on the photocurable GAG derivatives or crosslinked GAGs are provided. The photocurable GAG derivatives comprise a glycosaminoglycan and a photoreactive compound bound thereto and can be produced, for example, by subjecting hydroxyl or carboxyl groups of the glycosaminoglycan to esterification reaction or amidation reaction, respectively, with the photoreactive compound. The crosslinked GAGs are derived from the photocurable GAG derivatives by intermolecular crosslinking of the photoreactive compound bound thereto.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water-soluble, acid groups-containing graft copolymers which are at least partially biodegradable and are based on polyhydroxy compounds and monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids and/or phosphonic acids or the salts of said acids as well as optional further monomers. The present invention further relates to a process for producing said graft copolymers at temperatures of up to 200.degree. C. by means of radical polymerization initiators, in that a total mixture is polymerized which consists of 1-60%-wt. of polyhydroxy compounds, their derivatives or their mixtures, and 95-40%-wt. of a monomer mixture comprising at least one monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, at least one monoethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid, one monoethylenically unsaturated sulfuric acid ester and/or vinylphosphonic acid or the salts of said acids with monovalent cations, as well as optional further monomers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modified cellulose ester containing unsaturated pendent groups which can be prepared by reacting a cellulose ester containing residual hydroxyl groups with, for example, maleic anhydride in acetic acid solvent with sodium acetate catalyst. The modified cellulose ester is not homopolymerizable but will copolymerize in the presence of vinyl crosslinking agents and a photoinitiator upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The modified cellulose ester is useful as a protective and/or decorative coating for wood, metal, plastics, paper, board, and other substrates, as well as an additive to printing inks, and as a nail polish. In addition, because of the propensity for the pendant carboxyl groups to form hydrophilic salts with amines, the modified cellulose esters can be formulated to be water-dispersible.

Abstract: A novel biodegradable, water-resistant polymer material which can be produced with defined material properties is suggested, in particular in the form of foils, films, strips, masses, molded articles or the like, this material consisting essentially of a product of the cross-linking reaction of polysaccharides and/or polypeptides, the hydroxyl, amino, imino, thiol and/or carboxyl groups of which are derivatized at least partially in a non-radical reaction with agents which include groups cross-linkable in a process step following the derivatization and separate therefrom.

Abstract: A method for producing a water absorbent resin by polymerizing a water-soluble monomer having a polymerizable unsaturated group (A) and a crosslinking agent (B) as the essential components by radical polymerization in the presence of water or, polymerizing a water-soluble monomer having an unsaturated group (A) and a crosslinking agent (B) by radical-graft copolymerization with a water-soluble polymer (C) as the backbone polymer in the presence of water, wherein a water-based solid material capable of being endothermally fused or dissolved into water (D) is added when initiating the polymerization, with at least a part of the water-based solid material (D) in a solid state. By the method of the present invention, a water absorbent resin having a high molecular weight and a high absorption capacity with little water-soluble component can be obtained with ease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new form of biocompatible materials (e.g., lipids, polycations, polysaccharides) which are capable of undergoing free radical polymerization, e.g., by using certain sources of light; methods of modifying certain synthetic and naturally occurring biocompatible materials to make polymerizable microcapsules containing biological material coated with said polymerizable materials, composites of said polymerizable materials, methods of making microcapsules and encapsulating biological materials therein, and apparatus for making microcapsules containing biological cells (particularly islets of Langerhans) coated with polymerizable alginate or with a composite thereof (e.g., alginate and PEG). The present invention also relates to drug delivery systems relating to the foregoing, as well as bioadhesives and wound dressings made utilizing the foregoing technology.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions prepared by polymerization of vinyl acetate, ethylene, and comonomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl esters of aliphatic (C.sub.3 -C.sub.18)-carboxylic acids, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, and maleic acid diesters of aliphatic (C.sub.1 -C.sub.18)-alcohols in the presence of 0.05 to 0.95% by weight of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids, 0 to 0.95% by weight of methacrylic acid esters or acrylic acid esters which carry epoxide or hydroxyl groups, and 1.5 to 20% by weight of cellulose ether, to form a copolymer having a glass transition temperature of -40.degree. to 0.degree. C. and comprising a cellulose ether in at least partly grafted form, are suitable as adhesives, for example, for gluing polyolefins.

Abstract: An adhesive base material comprises a polymer obtained by polymerizing a glucosyloxy alkyl (meth)acrylate, a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, an alkyl (meth)acrylate and a polyfunctional monomer. This adhesive base material can be caused to swell uniformly because of its good swelling property and exhibits excellent adhesion to the skin so that it is useful as adhesive layers in plasters, various medical pads and also medicament-impregnated dermatologic medicines.

Abstract: The invention is surface crosslinked particles of water absorbing resin comprising particles of a carboxyl containing water-absorbent resin; wherein the particles of the carboxyl containing water-absorbent resin are crosslinked at or near the particle surface by a polyhydroxy compound capable of reacting with the carboxyl moieties of the water-absorbent resin, and the particles have coated on or bound to the surface a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of from 3 to 10.Additionally a process for the preparation of such surface crosslinked and surfactant coated absorbent resin particles is disclosed. Further disclosed is a water-absorbent structure comprising a synthetic or natural fiber or paper based woven or nonwoven carrier structure and surface crosslinked and surfactant coated water-absorbent resin particles of this invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing a modified polysaccharide graft copolymer complex which comprises the steps of:i. subjecting polysaccharide to graft copolymerization with a vinyl monomer;ii. treating the polysaccharide graft copolymer with:a. polyethylene glycol to provide a polymer-PEG complex; orb. a silicate compound to provide a silica precipitated polymer; andiii. recovering the polymer-PEG complex or silica precipitated polymer.This modified polysaccharide graft copolymer may be used as a surface sizing agent in the preparation of paper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water-soluble, acid-groups-containing graft copolymers which are at least partially biodegradable and are based on sugars and monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids and/or phosphonic acids or the salts of said acids as well as optional further monomers. The present invention further relates to a process for producing the graft copolymers at temperatures of up to 200.degree. C. by means of radical polymerization initiators, in that a total mixture of 5-60 %-wt. mono-, di- and oligosaccharides, the derivatives thereof or the mixtures thereof, and 95-40 %-wt. of a monomer mixture comprising at least one monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, at least one monoethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid, one monoethylenically unsaturated sulfuric acid ester and/or vinylphosphonic acid or the salts of said acids with monovalent cations, as well as optional further monomers is polymerized.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polymers of aspartic acid by reacting (a) maleic anhydride and (b) ammonia and/or primary or secondary amines without diluent in the (a):(b) molar ratio of 1:0.1 to 1:3 to give monoamides of maleic acid, fumaric acid or their ammonium salts at up to 100.degree. C. and subsequent condensation of the reaction products, with or without compounds capable of cocondensation, at above 100.degree. C. and, where appropriate, hydrolysis of the condensates and use of the polymers as scale inhibitor, as dispersants for pigments and as additive to detergents and cleaners.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preparing a sized synthetic fiber comprising the steps of (a) preparing a sizing composition for synthetic materials used in textile manufacturing comprising (i) a lubricant or wetting agent and (ii) a binder composition comprising starch and a reaction product of styrene and 1,3-butadiene wherein said starch is characterized by an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.07 dl/g to about 0.35 dl/g; (b) sizing synthetic fiber with the sizing composition of step (a); and (c) removing excess sizing composition from the sized fiber.

Abstract: The use of prime starch to make a starch graft copolymer allows the resulting starch graft copolymer to be extruded with reduced torque and pressure as compared to a starch graft copolymer made from conventional dried starch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydrophilic, swellable graft polymers which comprise, in a random distribution, from 0.5 to 50% by weight of radicals of the general formula I ##STR1## and radicals of the general formula II ##STR2## from 49 to 99% by weight of radicals of the general formula III ##STR3## containing an acid group, and from 0.1 to 2% by weight of radicals of a crosslinking agent which are derived from monomers containing at least two olefinically unsaturated double bonds, where the radicals R.sup.1 to R.sup.4, X and Y and n and m are where X and Y, independently of one another are COCH.sub.3, CH.sub.2 COOR.sup.2, COCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH ##STR4## n and m, independently of one another, are 2 to 300, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.2, independently of one another, are hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, R.sup.

Abstract: A method for producing stabilized polymers, exhibiting enhanced thermal stability, which comprises polymerizing a mixture comprising: a monomer comprising an allyl-containing group which is bonded to primary and/or secondary hydroxyl groups on a saccharide, preferably a long chain (C.sub.3 -C.sub.20) allyl-containing ether group on the hydroxyl group; and one or monomers selected from methacrylate ester monomers, acrylate ester monomers, acrylamide monomers and styrene monomers, in amounts sufficient to produce a polymer exhibiting enhanced thermal stability. Polymers having enhanced thermal stability are obtained using a monomer comprising an allyl-containing group which is bonded to primary and/or secondary hydroxyl groups on a saccharide, as a novel stabilization crosslinking agent.

Abstract: Photocurable glycosaminoglycan (GAG) derivatives and crosslinked glycosaminoglycans, which are highly safe and biocompatible, a method of preparing such photocurable GAG derivatives readily moldable by casting using a solvent when desired, by which method unreacted substances causative of adverse effects can be readily eliminated, and a method of producing the crosslinked GAGs and medical materials based on the photocurable GAG derivatives or crosslinked GAGs are provided. The photocurable GAG derivatives comprise a glycosaminoglycan and a photoreactive compound bound thereto and can be produced, for example, by subjecting hydroxyl or carboxyl groups of the glycosaminoglycan to esterification reaction or amidation reaction, respectively, with the photoreactive compound. The crosslinked GAGs are derived from the photocurable GAG derivatives by intermolecular crosslinking of the photoreactive compound bound thereto.

Abstract: Compounds are provided for use in an electrolyte comprising repeating unit selected from the group consisting of cyclic and heterocyclic species having y carbon atoms and z heteroatoms, X, and where y is 4, 5 or 6 and z is 0, 1 or 2. The heteroatom is selected from the group consisting of O, S and N. The repeating unit is further substituted by four to six pendant groups having the formula, (CHR.sub.1).sub.m O(CHR.sub.1 CHR.sub.1 O).sub.n Y, where the majority of pendant groups comprises at least two O and further,in which m is 0 or 1,in which n is in the range of 0 to 25,in which each R.sub.1 is the same or different and R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, allylic and alkenyl radicals having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and Y, andin which each Y is the same or different and Y is a functional group selected from the group consisting of polymerizable functionalities, plasticizing agents and ionic species. Electrolytes, plasticizers and macro-ions prepared from these compounds are described.

Abstract: A dried film reinforced with coalescable water insoluble polymer particles which are substantially noncoalesced is disclosed. Also disclosed are dried films reinforced with noncoalesced water insoluble polymer particles which are readily water dispersible. Also disclosed are stable aqueous dispersions for formation of such films which comprise (a) a water insoluble component comprising coalescable polymer particles which have a T.sub.g less than 55.degree. C. and a majority of which have a particle size of less than 1 micron; and (b) a water soluble component which comprises a water soluble polymer capable of inhibiting coalescence of the polymer particles, or a water soluble polymer and a component capable of inhibiting coalescence of the polymer particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides graft copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.

Abstract: This invention relates to high temperature aqueous processes for the polymerization of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic monomers to produce low molecular weight, water-soluble polymer products useful as detergent additives, scale inhibitors, dispersants and crystal growth modifiers. Suitable monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, crotonic acid, and itaconic acid. The reactions are run at temperatures ranging from about 130.degree. C. to 240.degree. C., preferably from about 140.degree. C. to about 230.degree. C. The process can be continuous, semi-continuous, or batch.

Abstract: Cyclodextrin containing polymeric siloxanes wherein the cyclodextrin is connected to the polymeric siloxane by a single linking member connected to the 2, 3 or 6-position of the cyclodextrin are disclosed. These polymers are chemically and thermally stable to gas, supercritical fluid chromatographic conditions. The single arm attachment provides cyclodextrin containing polysiloxane polymers having synthesis reproducibility from batch to batch resulting in consistent chromatographic performance of the resulting chiral phases. The use of such polymers as chiral stationary phases in analytical and preparative gas, supercritical fluid and liquid chromatographic separations, and particularly for analysis of enantiomeric and other stereoisomeric mixtures of various substances is shown.

Abstract: The present invention provides graft copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.

Abstract: Graft polymers are obtainable by free radical polymerization of(A) monomers or monomer mixtures of(a) from 10 to 100% by weight of open-chain N-vinylcarboxamides(b) from 0 to 90% by weight of other, carboxyl-free monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which are copolymerizable with the monomers (a) and(c) from 0 to 5% by weight of monomers containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule, in the presence of(B) natural substances containing saccharide structures, such as mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides,in a weight ratio (A):(B) of from 95:5 to 20:80 and, if required, subsequent hydrolysis of the amido groups of the polymerized monomers (a) of the graft polymer with formation of amino groups, and said polymers are used as dry and wet strength agents for paper, board and cardboard.

Abstract: In an improved method for producing a surface graft of a hydrophilic polymer upon a preformed solid or semi-solid polymer substrate having hydroperoxide groups along its surface, n-vinyl pyrrolidone is utilized as the surface-grafting monomer, the substrate is selected to be insoluble in n-vinyl pyrrolidone, and the polymerization is carried out in aqueous alkaline conditions utilizing a combination of metal salts to provide a variable valence metal ion in a reduced state capable of oxidizing to suppress homopolymerization of the monomer in the solution.When the substrate is at least partially soluble in the n-vinyl pyrrolidone, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a higher reactivity with the substrate than n-vinyl pyrrolidone is added to the alkaline polymerization solution as a "seeding" monomer. Addition of the "seeding" monomer results in a surface-grafted copolymer effectively externalized from the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides graft copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising an emulsion copolymer of an alkyl acrylamido glycolate alkylether, vinyl acetate, and a functional hydroxide containing monomer, a process for its preparation as well as its use as binder, coating, or adhesive, in particular as a self-crosslinking binder composition. The preferred alkyl acrylamido glycolate alkylether is methylacrylamido glycolate methylether (MAGME.RTM.).