Abstract: Secondary products formed in the chlorination of butadiene can be reacted with phenols in the absence of iron catalysts to form novolak-like phenolic resins in such a way that the tetrachlorobutane present in the secondary products does not react. It can be distilled off with the excess phenol and isolated in pure form from the distillate obtained.

Abstract: Production of polyenaminonitriles including those which can be cyclized to very stable poly(aminoquinolines) without the evolution of any small molecules and thus in a manner free of volatiles. The polyenaminonitriles are polymers which have desirable dielectric properties, and include those which can be cyclized to poly(aminoquinolines) without the evolution of volatiles to make defect-free films and composites of similar dielectric properties because of this characteristic.

Abstract: The application describes nitrogen-containing an oxacalixarene or calixarene derivative of formula I: ##STR1## wherein m'+m"=0-8n=0-8m'.gtoreq.1/2(m'+M")3.ltoreq.m'+m"+n.ltoreq.8if n=0, m'+m".gtoreq.4R.sup.3 is H, halogen, or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof and R.sup.3 may be the same or different on each aryl group;R.sup.1 and R.sup.15 which may be the same or different are H or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof;R.sup.2 is selected from:R.sup.4 which is H, or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 which may be the same or different are H, or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl, or a substituted derivative thereof,-OR.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 is as defined aboveand R.sup.17 which is a residue of a hydrocarbyl, aryl, or hydrocarbylaryl group or of a substituted derivative thereof providing a bond to another oxacalixarene or calixarene derivative of formula I wherein R.

Abstract: Improved toughness is demonstrated by cured resin compositions produced by heating a curable resin composition comprising (1) an arylcyclobutenealkyl ether of a di(hydroxyphenyl) oligomer, (2) a bismalemide and (3) a di(cyanatophenyl) oligomer.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin is comprised of (a) a bisimide, particularly a bismaleimide, (b) a polyphenol, particularly a bisphenol, and (c) dicyandiamide. The polyphenol may be styrene-terminated (i.e. a vinyl benzyl ether of a bisphenol). Flame retardance is improved by the addition of octabromodiphenyl oxide.

Abstract: Linear polyether resins containing 100 to 1 mol % of the repeating structural unit of formula I ##STR1## and 99 to 0 mol % of the repeating structural unit of formula II ##STR2## wherin A is a linear unsubstituted or methyl-substituted alkylene group containing 1 to 100 carbon atoms in the linear alkylene chain, X denotes bridging groups as defined in claim 1, and Y is an aromatic radical of a divalent phenol as defined in claim 1, are thermoplastics with high glass transition temperatures and excellent mechanical strength properties.

Abstract: Production of polyenaminonitriles including those which can be cyclized to very stable poly(aminoquinolines) without the evolution of any small molecules and thus in a manner free of volatiles. The polyenaminonitriles are polymers which have desirable dielectric properties, and include those which can be cyclized to poly(aminoquinolines) without the evolution of volatiles to make defect-free films and composites of similar dielectric properties because of this characteristic.

Abstract: Poly(vinylbenzyl ethers) of polyphenols are prepared by reacting an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium salt of a polyphenol with a vinylbenzyl halide in a liquid reaction medium consisting essentially or a monohydric alcohol or glycol having less than 12 carbons, a polyglycol having a weight average molecular weight ranging from about 200 to about 4000, or glycerol.Halide ion content of poly(vinylbenzyl ethers) of polyphenols prepared by the method of this invention and other methods are reduced by dissolving the ether in a solvent that dissolves no more than about 1.0 weight percent of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium halide; separating the ether solution from the halide salt; and then recovering the ether from the solution.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel multivalent metal-modified salicyclic acid resins useful as color-developing agents for pressure-sensitive copying paper. They can each be produced by causing a salicyclic acid ester and a styrene derivative to undergo a Friedel-Crafts reaction in the presence of a strong acid catalyst, hydrolyzing the resulting salicylic acid ester resin, and then reacting the thus-obtained salicyclic acid resin with a multivalent metal salt.

Abstract: Vinylene copolymers composed of recurrent structural units of formula I ##STR1## wherein Ar denotes an aromatic or heterocyclic group, R denotes an inert substitutent and n stands for an integer with a value from 0-8 and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an aromatic polyester resin represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 represent a bivalent aromatic radical and n is an integer of 10 to 100, comprising reacting an aromatic diol represented by the general formula:HO-Ar.sup.1 -OHwherein Ar.sup.1 is a bivalent aromatic radical with a bivalent dibromide represented by the general formula:Br-Ar.sup.2 -Brwhere Ar.sup.2 is a bivalent radical and with carbon monoxide in the presence of a palladium catalyst and an organic base in an organic solvent.

Abstract: New curable resin composition comprises a cyanate aromatic ester and a propargyl aromatic ether.

Abstract: Vinylene copolymers composed of recurrent structural units of formula I ##STR1## wherein Ar denotes an aromatic or heterocyclic group, R denotes an inert substituent and n stands for an integer with a value from 0-8 and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: Hydroxycarboxylic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## are particularly suitable for use as color developers in recording materials.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon-aromatic hydroxyl-containing resins are prepared by (1) reacting an unsaturated hydrocarbon with an aromatic hydroxyl-containing compound in the presence of a Lewis acid, (2) neutralizing said Lewis acid with an inorganic base and (3) removing the unreacted aromatic hydroxyl-containing compound therefrom.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition comprising (i) a polymaleimide compound having at least two maleimide groups in the molecule and (ii) an s-triazine compound having at least two alkenylaryloxy groups in the molecule; a resin-composition for encapsulant comprising said polymaleimide compound, said traizine compound, and an inorganic filler as essential components; and said s-triazine compound.

Abstract: There are disclosed low birefringent polyesters that are useful in optical devices. The polyesters include units having opposite optical anisotropies. By varying the ratio of the units in the copolymer, the birefringence of an article made from the copolymer can be controlled as desired. The polyester is a substantially optically anisotropic polyester having diol repeating units derived from 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene and at least about 40% by weight of the diacid repeating units derived from aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids, the remainder of the diacid repeating units being derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids.

Abstract: The compositions of this invention posses both calcium hydroxide cement characteristics and light cure characteristics and hence strong bonds are likely to form with both the tooth and conventional filling materials. There is less likelihood that a filling may fall out of a cavity.The present invention provides a two component composition which comprises a first component comprising an ethylenically polymerizable compound which contains both a salicylate group and at least one acrylate, alkacrylate, acrylamide or alkacrylamide group and second component comprising calcium hydroxide or a suitable precursor to calcium hydroxide.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin is comprised of (a) a bisimide, particularly a bismaleimide, (b) a polyphenol, particularly a bisphenol, and (c) dicyandiamide. The polyphenol may be styrene-terminated (i.e. a vinyl benzyl ether of a bisphenol).

Abstract: A method is presented to prepare totally functionalized ether-capped oligomeric polyphenols without molecular weight fractionation. The products generally are very low in inorganic salts and are characterized by the absence of volatiles leading to void formation in their subsequent curing. The success of the method rests upon conducting the reaction under totally homogeneous conditions throughout.

Abstract: Novel curable resin compositions are disclosed containing an aromatic cyanate ester and an allyl ether of a bisphenol as a modifier. These compositions provide improved prepregs and composites. Additional modifiers including epoxy resins and bismaleimides may be included.

Abstract: Novel thermoplastic polymer compositions such as aromatic polycarbonates, aromatic copoly(ester carbonate)s, polyarylates, poly(arylene oxide)s, and polyarylether sulfones containing dicyclopentadienyl diradicals and method for manufacture. The modified polymer compositions have improved melt flow properties.

Abstract: Described herein are novel substantially linear monomeric compositions which can be polymerized with one or more difunctional monomers to give novel polymeric compositions having liquid crystal properties. This invention is also directed to a process for preparation of the novel substantially linear monomeric compositions.

Abstract: Curable mixtures based on(A) compounds containing hydroxyl groups,(B) curable compounds,(C) catalysts and(D) if appropriate a diluent and if appropriate further additives,in which compounds which are used as the curing compounds(B) are those which contain at least two enol ether groups of the formula (I) ##STR1## The mixtures according to the invention already cure rapidly at low temperatures and are particularly suitable for the production of shaped articles or coatings or as a constituent in lacquers.

Abstract: A cross-linked resin produced by the reaction of a bis(2-oxazoline) compound with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, and optionally also with at least one selected from the group consisting of a dicarboxylic acid, a hydroxy-carboxylic acid, a diol and water, in the presence of at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of an organic phosphorous acid ester, an organic phosphonous acid ester and an inorganic salt at an elevated temperature. The cross-linked resin has a high mechanical strength and a high resistance to organic solvents.The resin composition comprising the cross-linked resin and reinforcements and/or fillers combined therewith has outstanding heat-resistance and mechanical properties.

Abstract: A polymeric antioxidant which comprises a monomeric unit having a formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is methyl or ethyl; and a monomeric unit having a formula (II): ##STR2## which imparts an excellent resistance against heat- or light-aging to a synthetic fiber and a resin.

Abstract: The resins resulting from converting dicyclopentadiene-phenol adducts to their corresponding vinylbenzyl ethers are an excellent matrix in which to embed fibers to produce a composite. Such resins, especially as a blend of materials with varying molecular weight distribution, are amorphous materials whose glass transition temperature is well under the curing temperature, and whose solubility permits solutions with high solids content so as to afford coatings with high resin content. The extensively crosslinked polymer resulting from therma, photochemical, or free radical initiated polymerization has excellent thermal and electrical properties for use in multilayer circuit boards.

Abstract: A curable thiol-ene formulation comprising(a) a polythiol(b) a 'ene compound having a plurality of groups of the formula: ##STR1## where Q is CH.sub.2, CHCH.sub.3, C(Ch.sub.3).sub.2, O, S, NR.sup.1 or SO.sub.2 R.sup.1 is H or alkyl, and m is 0-10, and(c) an effective amount of a free radical initiator.

Abstract: This invention provides novel side chain liquid crystalline polymers with a polyester or polyamide main chain structure. An invention polymer exhibits nonlinear optical response, and has utility as a transparent nonlinear optical component in optical light switch and light modulator devices.

Abstract: Homogeneous thermoset terpolymers which may be used in the preparation of laminates for circuitry boards will comprise a poly(vinyl benzyl ether) of a polyphenol, a dicyanate ester of a polyether of a polyphenol and an alkenyl aryl compound. The polymers are prepared by admixing a solution of the poly(vinyl benzyl ether) of a polyphenol and an alkenyl aryl compound with a second solution of the dicyanate ester of a polyether of a polyphenol and the alkenyl aryl compound at elevated temperatures. The resulting terpolymer will possess desirable characteristics such as high glass transition temperature and low dielectric constant.

Abstract: Novel curable resin compositions are disclosed containing an aromatic cyanate ester and an allyl ether of a bisphenol as a modifier. These compositions provide improved prepregs and composites. Additional modifiers including epoxy resins and bismaleimides may be included.

Abstract: The polyfunctional vinylbenzyl ethers of polyhydric halogenated phenolic compounds are prepared and can be copolymerized with polycyanate ester compounds to provide copolymers having dielectric constants below 3 and a V-O rating in a UL-94 test.

Abstract: A cross-linked resin produced by the reaction of a bis(2-oxazoline) compound with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, and optionally also with at least one selected from the group consisting of a dicarboxylic acid, a hydroxy-carboxylic acid, a diol and water, in the presence of at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of an organic phosphorous acid ester, an organic phosphonous acid ester and an inorganic salt at an elevated temperature. The cross-linked resin has a high mechanical strength and a high resistance to organic solvents.The resin composition comprising the cross-linked resin and reinforcements materials and/or fillers combined therewith has outstanding heat-resistance and mechanical properties.

Abstract: The color-developing agent for pressure-sensitive recording sheet comprises the polyvalent-metal salt of carboxylated terpenephenol resin. The color-developing sheet containing the above color-developing agent provides excellent yellowing-resistance, superior color-developing ability and improved fastness of the colored image.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polyaromatic cyanate which corresponds to the formula ##STR1## wherein Ar is an aromatic radical;B is a C.sub.7-20 polycyclic aliphatic radical;D is independently in each occurrence any non-active hydrogen-containing substituent;q, r and s are independently in each occurrence the integers b 0, 1, 2, l or b 3l ; with the proviso that the sum of q, 4 and s is greater than or equal to 2;t is independently in each occurrence an integer of between about 0 and 4 inclusive; andx is a number between about 0 and 5 inclusive.Another aspect of this invention is a novel polytriazine which comprises the reaction product of the polyaromatic cyanate esters of this invention. The novel polytriazines may further comprise the reaction product of the novel polyaromatic cyanates of this invention in admixture with other cyanates known in the art as useful for the preparation of polytriazines.

Abstract: A modified Williamson etherification in the presence of phase transfer catalyst is used to synthesize alternating block copolymers and regular copolymers. Unsaturated polyethers of a polynuclear dihydric phenol containing chloroallylic (electrophilic) end groups (prepared from cis- or trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene and Bisphenol A) and aromatic poly(ether sulfone)s containing terminal phenol (nucleophilic) groups are polycondensed in the presence of tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate as phase transfer catalyst to give alternating block copolymers. The same telechelic polymers were chain-extended with dinucleophilic or dielectrophilic monomers under similar reaction conditions. Both the regular copolymers and the alternating block copolymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography and DSC.

Abstract: A polymeric tricarbocyanine dye has a rigidized chain having tricarbocyanine polymeric dye units of formula II: ##STR1## wherein Y is ##STR2## --S--, --Se--, or --O--, A is ##STR3## in which R.sup.19 is alkyl, --Cl, amino, alkyl (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) substituted amino, phenyl, or cyclic amino, andp is 0 or 1,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently are --H, C.sub.6 H.sub.5 SO.sub.2 --, or CF.sub.3 SO.sub.2 --,W is a dye anion,m is an integer 1 to 20, andn is an integer 2 to 10,000.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for stabilization of natural rubber against oxidative degradation by incorporating therein phenolic derivatives of 3-hydroxymethyl-5-hydroxymethylthio-1,3,4-thiadiazolidine-2-thione and stabilized rubber compositions thereof.

Abstract: Thermosetting bis(isoimide) resins are prepared by the reaction of an ethylenically unsaturated bis(isoimide) with a dihydric phenol.

Abstract: A tackifier composition comprising, as essential compontents, (a) 100 parts by weight of a polyether having at least one reactive silicon group;(b) from 10 to 140 parts by weight of a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing cyclopentadiene resin which is obtained by copolymerization of 100 parts by weight of at least one component A selected from the group consisting of five-membered ring compounds of the following general formula having conjugated double bonds, and Diels-Alder reaction adducts thereof, ##STR1## in which H is a hydrogen atom, R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and m and n are each an integer of 0 or at least 1 provided that m+n=6, with 5 to 200 parts by weight of at least one component B selected from the group consisting of monohydric and polyhydric phenols and alkyl-substituted products thereof; and(c) from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a curing catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are terpolymers having a Ring and Ball softening point of 69.degree. C. to 130.degree. C. prepared from a vinyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, a monoterpene hydrocarbon and a phenol. The terpolymers are useful as tackifiers in adhesive compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to optical lens systems for radiation protection of the human eye utilizing melanin as an absorbing pigment.

Abstract: Linear polyether resins containing 100 to 10 mol % of the repeating structural unit of formula I ##STR1## and 90 to 0 mol % of the repeating structural unit of formula II ##STR2## wherein A is a linear unsubstituted or methyl-substituted alkylene group containing 4 to 100 carbon atoms in the linear alkylene chain, X denotes bridge members as defined in claim 1 and Y is an aromatic radical of a divalent phenol as defined in claim 1, are self-crosslinkable and can be crosslinked by heating to a temperature of not less than 250.degree. C. or by irradiation with energy-rich electromagnetic rays, affording products which are insoluble in organic solvents and which have high glass transition temperatures.

Abstract: Novel compositions of matter comprise homogeneous thermoset copolymers resulting from the reaction between a poly(vinyl benzyl ether) of a polyphenol and a dicyanate ester of a polyether of a polyphenol may be used as components in laminates which are employed in electronic circuit boards. The copolymers will impart desirable characteristics such as high glass transition temperatures and low dielectric constants to the finished product.

Abstract: A vinyl or acrylic polymer-modified epoxy resin comprising a reaction product of(A) an epoxy group-containing vinyl or acrylic polymer,(B) a bisphenol compound, and(C) a diglycidyl ether of a bisphenol compound.

Abstract: Stable phenolic-modified hydrocarbon resins with an OH number which is 4.5 or greater are resonably priced and toxicologically generally regarded as safe resins for the development of leucopigments, especially for the development of colors in pressure sensitive recording materials. The softening point may be varied by copolymerization with multivalent phenolic compounds and vinyl phenol within the range of 70.degree.-90.degree. C.

Abstract: Oligomers formed by reacting polybutadiene and phenoxyphenyl components are cross-linked to form resins which are thermoplastic in nature, resist attack by organic solvents, and are shapable at temperatures of about 400.degree. F. The oligomers may be used to impregnate materials, such as fabrics, to form resin composites which are also thermoplastic and solvent resistant upon cross-linking.

Abstract: Optical devices including a molecularly oriented highly birefringent polymer are disclosed. The devices include molecularly oriented polymers comprising recurring units which exhibit a distribution of high electron density about the long axes of the polymer and the recurring units thereof. Transparent birefringent polymers comprising a plurality of recurring units having a substantially cylindrical distribution of electron density about the long axis of such units and the chain-extended polymers are included in optical devices and articles. The polymers exhibit high birefringence and simulate in a polymer the optical properties of a uniaxial crystal.

Abstract: Optical devices including a molecularly oriented highly birefringent polymer are disclosed. The devices include molecularly oriented polymers comprising recurring units which exhibit a distribution of high electron density about the long axes of the polymer and the recurring units thereof. Transparent birefringent polymers comprising a plurality of recurring units having a substantially cylindrical distribution of electron density about the long axis of such units and the chain-extended polymers are included in optical devices and articles. The polymers exhibit high birefringence and simulate in a polymer the optical properties of uniaxial crystal.

Abstract: Thermally stable resins based on arylether compounds having terminal phenylethynyl groups are provided.