Abstract: Disclosed is a process for hydrogenating a block copolymer comprising admixing a block copolymer cement with hydrogen in the presence of a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst wherein the heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst is a metal catalyst on a porous alumina support, the porous alumina support having the properties: (a) from about 40 to about 60 percent of the pore volume of the support have a diameter greater than 1000 nm; (b) from about 50 to about 70 percent of the pore volume of the support have a diameter greater than 100 nm; and (c) the support has a multi-modal pore structure with from about 5 to about 20 percent of the total pore volume of the porous alumina support being within a pore mode having a diameter in the range of from about 3000 nm to about 5000 nm. It is also disclosed that alumina can be used to remove a polymerization catalyst, such as Lithium, from a block copolymer cement.

Abstract: A covalently cross-linked polymer or polymer membrane consisting of one or more polymers, which can bear the following functional groups (M=Hal(F, Cl, Br, I), OR, NR2; R=alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl; (Me=H, Li, Na, K, Cs, or other metal cations or ammonium ions): a) precursors of cation exchange groups: SO2M and/or POM2 and/or COM b) sulphinate groups SO2Me and which can be covalently cross-linked using the following organic compounds: a) di-, tri- or oligofunctional haloalkanes or haloaromatics, which have been reacted with sulphinate groups SO2Me, whereby the following cross-linking bridges are present in the polymer/in the polymer blend/in the polymer membrane: (Y=cross-linking bridges, X=Hal (F, Cl, Br, I), OR, (CH2)x—; -arylene-; —(CH2)x-arylene-; CH2arylene-CH2—, x=3-12): polymer-SO2Y—SO2-polymer and/or b) compounds containing the following groups: Hal-(CH2)x—NHR, one side of which (Hal-) has been reacted with sulphinate groups SO2ME and the other side (—NHR) with SO2M groups, whereby the following cross-l

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing a polyarylene sulfide (PAS) which comprises reacting a sulfur source with a dihalogenated aromatic compound in the presence of an aprotic organic solvent, characterized in that the process comprises at least one polymerization reaction step wherein a polymer phase as a dispersed phase is in the form of spherical droplets. It is made possible by the continuous polymerization process to discharge the polymer phase and solvent phase from a polymerization vessel at a constant ratio and as a result, to maintain PAS composition (concentration) at a constant level at all times, and thus to provide a continuous PAS production process which is effective for enhancing its molecular weight and stabilizing the same.

Abstract: An ion conducting membrane comprising dendrimeric polymers covalently linked into a network structure. The dendrimeric polymers have acid functional terminal groups and may be covalently linked via linking compounds, cross-coupling reactions, or copolymerization reactions. The ion conducting membranes may be produced by various methods and used in fuel cells.

Abstract: Acid impurities, such as carboxylic acid-terminated polymers, are removed from macrocyclic oligoesters with ion exchange resins, resulting in macrocyclic oligoesters that are substantially free of acid impurities. The ion exchange resins can be regenerated anew and reused by washing the resins with various wash solutions. Macrocyclic oligoesters substantially free of acid impurities polymerize to much higher molecular weight polyesters than macrocyclic oligoesters containing acid impurities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydrogenation of an unsaturated polymer comprising hydrogenation of an unsaturated polymer in a reaction mixture comprising hydrazine, an oxidizing agent and a catalyst and the reduction or elimination of residual free hydrazine from the hydrogenated polymer, whereby the residual free hydrazine is reduced or eliminated from the reaction mixture by contacting it with an adsorbent and/or absorbent which is a solid material which has the ability to absorb and/or absorb hydrazine. The absorbent and/or absorbent is chosen from activated carbon, carbon black, silicates, chalk, talcum or transition metal containing solids.

Abstract: A process is provided for the manufacture of liquid polysulfide polymers. In particular, the process allows for making the liquid form of the polysulfide polymer directly and eliminates the need to first make a solid polysulfide polymer and then convert it to a liquid.

Abstract: High purity fluoropolymers are obtained by the emulsion polymerization process, removing essentially all ions and coagulating the polymer essentially without adding ions. These polymers are useful in the field of electronic devices.

Abstract: Scavenger resins comprising pendant groups specific for the removal of primary amines form solution in the presence of secondary amines are provided. Processes for the use of these scavenger resins, especially in solid phase synthesis, for the removal of primary amines from solution or for the removal of electrophiles from solution are provided.

Abstract: For trapping a residual monomer containing an expoxide function that has not reacted by copolymerization or by grafting, in a thermoplastic composition based on a copolymer of ethylene and/or propylene, a sufficient amount of an acidic trapping additive is added to remove the residual monomer. The trapping additive is preferably a porous zeolite with a pore diameter of between 2 and 10 angstroms. Improved compositions and blends are thereby obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for trapping a free monomer which has not reacted by copolymerization or by grafting comprising at least one epoxide functional group in a thermoplastic composition based on ethylene and/or on propylene and based on at least one monomer comprising at least one epoxide functional group. The process can comprise the following stages: (i) preparation of the thermoplastic composition; and (ii) addition of a sufficient amount of a solid trapping additive exhibiting, at its surface, sites with a basic nature within the Lewis or Brönstead meaning. The trapping additive comprises a porous zeolite, the diameter of the pores of which is between 5 and 15 angströms, preferably between 6 and 13 angströms. The invention also relates to the composition obtained by such a process and to the blends comprising such a composition.

Abstract: Polyisobutenes are prepared by cationic polymerization of isobutene or isobutene-containing hydrocarbon streams in the liquid phase in the presence of boron trifluoride as a catalyst, the catalytic activity of the boron trifluoride being partially or completely eliminated at a desired time by means of a solid deactivator, by a process in which the solid deactivator has boron trifluoride-binding primary, secondary, tertiary and/or quaternary nitrogen atoms and is insoluble in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: There is disclosed a crystallizable poly(2,5-di-substituted-1,4-phenylene oxide), which exhibits an exothermic peak for crystallization of not less than 5 J/g at 150° C. or over when cooled after melting, and/or an endothermic peak, at the time of melting of crystals thereof, of not less than 5 J/g at 150° C. or over when re-heated after cooling of the melt, and which comprises a recurring unit of the following formula (I), and a method of preparing the same by polymerization of a 2,5-di-substituted-phenol of the following formula (II) by use of a copper complex catalyst made of a tridentate ligand of which nitrogen atoms coordinate to a copper atom in coexistence with oxygen: wherein R1's independently represent a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group, and they may be the same or different. The crystallizable poly(2,5-di-substituted-1,4-phenylene oxide) is able to provide a melt molding which has a reduced degree of coloration and good heat resistance.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for removing hydrogenation catalyst residue from hydrogenated polymers comprising: (I) treating a polymer cement comprising an unsaturated polymer in an inert water-immiscible liquid with a hydrogen source in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst; (II) contacting the polymer cement of step (I) with one or more aqueous solution(s) of a weak acid having a pKa greater than 1.5 (determined in water at 25° C.); (III) contacting the polymer cement of step (II) with one or more aqueous solution(s) of a weak base having a pKa smaller than 10.5; and (IV) separating the hydrogenated polymer.

Abstract: Acid impurities, such as carboxylic acid-terminated polymers, are removed from macrocyclic oligoesters with ion exchange resins, resulting in macrocyclic oligoesters that are substantially free of acid impurities. The ion exchange resins can be regenerated anew and reused by washing the resins with various wash solutions. Macrocyclic oligoesters substantially free of acid impurities polymerize to much higher molecular weight polyesters than macrocyclic oligoesters containing acid impurities.

Abstract: A process for purifying a crude polyether, comprising contacting a crude polyether obtained by addition polymerizing an active hydrogen-containing compound with an alkylene oxide compound in the presence of an alkali metal-containing basic catalyst to an adsorbent comprising a synthesized hydrous magnesium silicate compound which satisfies the following requirements (1) to (5) in order to reduce the alkali metal content of the crude polyether:

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for producing a powder free natural latex article and the articles produced by the process. In one embodiment, the process of the present invention may be used to form a powder free natural latex glove which has very low levels of extractable protein without being subjected to a halogenation processes. The process includes forming a natural rubber article on a former and then, either before or after stripping the article from the former, contacting the article with a rinse solution comprising the ionic species of a disassociated metal salt. In one embodiment, the metal salt may be sodium chloride. Contact with the rinse solution may lower protein levels in the latex. When the article is stripped from the former prior to contact with the rinse solution, the rinse solution may also remove any residual powders from the glove in order to produce a powder free natural rubber article.

Abstract: Polymers derived from 4-acyloxystyrene are purified by fractionalization plus heating and cooling of the polymers in alcoholic solvents.

Abstract: High purity fluoropolymers are obtained by the emulsion polymerization process, removing essentially all ions and coagulating the polymer essentially without adding ions. These polymers are useful in the field of electronic devices.

Abstract: High purity fluoropolymers are obtained by the emulsion polymerization process, removing essentially all ions and coagulating the polymer essentially without adding ions. These polymers are useful in the field of electronic devices.

Abstract: In a process for the production of a polyolefin, an olefin monomer is polymerised said polyolefin and residual monomer is recovered. A gas stream comprising the monomer and nitrogen is subjected to a PSA process in which said monomer is adsorbed on a periodically regenerated silica gel or alumina adsorbent to recover a purified gas stream containing said olefin and a nitrogen rich stream containing no less than 99% nitrogen and containing no less than 50% of the nitrogen content of the gas feed to the PSA process.

Abstract: Fluorinated emulsifiers can be recovered from an aqueous phase containing small amounts of fluoropolymer particles by treating the aqueous phase with a small amount of a nonionic surface-active agent, bringing the aqueous phase adjusted in this way into contact with an anionic exchanger resin, and liberating the adsorbed emulsifier from the exchanger resin. The finely divided fluoropolymer can be precipitated quantitatively in the untreated aqueous phase or the eluate using flocculating agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-agglomerating, readily separable mixed bed ion exchange system comprising:

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing borohydride compounds. In particular, the present invention provides efficient processes and compositions for the large-scale production of borohydride compounds of the formula YBH4 by the reaction of a boron-containing compound represented by the formula BX3 with hydrogen or an aldehyde to obtain diborane and HX, and reacting the diborane with a Y-containing base selected from those represented by the formula Y2O, YOH and Y2CO3 to obtain YBH4 and YBO2. Y is selected from the group consisting of the alkali metals, pseudo-alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, an ammonium ion, and quaternary amines of the formula NR4+, wherein each R is independently selected from hydrogen and a straight- or branched-chain C1-4 alkyl group, and X is selected from the group consisting of halide ions, —OH, —R′ and —OR′ groups, chalcogens, and chalcogenides, wherein R′ is a straight- or branched-chain C1-4 alkyl group.

Abstract: A new adhesive method using an adhesive composition including cyanoacrylate adhesive and a stabilizing agent to join together portions of a substrate, particularly useful in suturing and similar medical procedures, is disclosed. It is based on the discovery that remarkable improvements are obtained by adding a step of removing stabilizing agent from such adhesive compositions in the manufacturing process with the prior known steps of (a) providing an adhesive composition including cyanoacrylate adhesive and a stabilizing agent, (b) presenting a substrate to receive at least a portion of such cyanoacrylate adhesive and (c) applying such portion to the substrate. Devices for use in performing the method are described.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to produce a polymer, which is free from the troubles of the coloration and the decrease in the mechanical properties of molded articles (films, etc.), crosslinkage failure, migration (stain) or the like, by the living radical polymerization method wherein the content of impurities consisting of a transition metal and its ligand employed as a polymerization activator is reduced. A process for producing a polymer is described, comprising: a) the step of performing a polymerization reaction by using a monomer, a transition metal and its ligand and a polymerization initiator to form a polymer; and b) the step of eliminating the transition metal and its ligand contained in the polymer under the condition of a viscosity of 100 Pa·s or below, wherein the step b comprises: b1) the former step of eliminating the transition metal and its ligand insoluble in the polymer; and b2) the latter step of eliminating the transition metal and its ligand dissolved in the polymer.

Abstract: A container made of, e.g., polyethylene terephthalate is pulverized and decomposed in the presence of a catalyst by the use of a solvent such as an alcohol or glycol to obtain crude bishydroxyalkyl terephthalate. This crude bishydroxyalkyl terephthalate is then purified by filtration, a treatment with activated carbon, and a treatment with ion-exchange resins. The bishydroxyalkyl terephthalate thus obtained is condensed to produce a container or the like made of polyethylene terephthalate.

Abstract: Aromatic polyethers are prepared by displacement polymerization reaction in the presence of a water-immiscible solvent with density ratio to water in a range of between about 0.9:1 and about 1.1:1 measured at a temperature in a range of between about 20° C. and about 25° C. The polyethers are purified by processes comprising aqueous extraction, or filtration, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for modifying a water soluble polymer, said process comprising modifying a polymer containing amine groups, by reacting at least one of said amine groups with activated ester, said ester being the reaction product of a carboxyl activator and the carboxyl group of a molecule R—COOH, said R-group being a functional group, to produce a reaction mixture containing a polymer, said polymer containing at least one amide group; subjecting said reaction mixture to at least ion exchange chromatography to purify said reaction mixture, said purification comprising at least partly removing the said reaction product, and/or carboxyl activator.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of purifying a vinyl polymer to be used as a component of a composition capable of undergoing hydrosilylation.

Abstract: In a process for the production of a polyolefin, an olefin monomer is polymerised said polyolefin and residual monomer is recovered. A gas stream comprising the monomer and nitrogen is subjected to a PSA process in which said monomer is adsorbed on a periodically regenerated silica gel or alumina adsorbent to recover a purified gas stream containing said olefin and a nitrogen rich stream containing no less than 99% nitrogen and containing no less than 50% of the nitrogen content of the gas feed to the PSA process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a film forming resin suitable for use in a photoresist composition, involving the following steps: (a) providing a solution of a film forming resin in a solvent; (b) providing the following two filter sheets: (i) a filter sheet containing a self-supporting fibrous matrix having immobilized therein a particulate filter aid and particulate ion exchange resin particles, where the particulate filter aid and ion exchange resin particles are distributed substantially uniformly throughout a cross-section of said matrix; and (ii) a filter sheet containing a self-supporting matrix of fibers having immobilized therein particulate filter aid and binder resin; (c) rinsing the filter sheets of step (b) with the solvent of step (a); and (d) passing the solution of the film forming resin through the rinsed filter sheets of step (c).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing poly(1,4-phenylenazine-N,N-dioxide) and derivatives thereof which are substituted in the ring, by oxidizing p-benzoquinonedioxime or the corresponding derivative thereof which is substituted in the ring, using polyanions of the halogens bromine or iodine. Tribromide Br3- or triiodide I3- can be used as polyanions and these can be obtained in situ from H2O2 and a bromide or iodide.

Abstract: Polymers derived from 4-acyloxystyrene are purified by fractionalization plus heating and cooling of the polymers in alcoholic solvents.

Abstract: A method of making a coating formulation prior to its introduction onto a web to be printed by an ink jet printer. The method includes the steps of: determining the nature and amount of undesirable substances in a component of the coating formulation, adjusting the pH of the component, contacting the pH adjusted component with a first activated carbon material, filtering the thus treated component, contacting the thus treated component with a second activated carbon material, and filtering the thus treated component and combining it with other components of the coating formulation to yield a treated coating formulation having a reduced amount of the undesirable substances.

Abstract: A method for lateral chain modification of aryl main chain polymers with aromatic ketones or aldehydes containing tertiary basic N-groups is described. The modification can be accomplished via addition of an aromatic carboxylic acid or an acid derivative containing a tertiary amine moiety to a metallized polymer. The tertiary amines on the modified polymer can be converted to quaternary amines with halogen alkanes. Modification of the aryl main chain polymers with aromatic groups containing sulphonic acid radicals is also described. The polymers formed can be crosslinked and prepared for use in a wide variety of membrane technologies including ion exchange, dialysis, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for the production of polyether polyols by polyaddition of alkylene oxides onto starter compounds having active hydrogen atoms, wherein the catalyst contains a) double metal cyanide compounds, b) organic complex ligands other than c) and c) ionic surface- or interface-active compounds. The catalysts according to the invention have greatly increased activity in the production of polyether polyols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing borohydride compounds. In particular, the present invention provides efficient processes and compositions for the large-scale production of borohydride compounds of the formula YBH4 by the reaction of a boron-containing compound represented by the formula BX3 with hydrogen or an aldehyde to obtain diborane and HX, and reacting the diborane with a Y-containing base selected from those represented by the formula Y2O, YOH and Y2CO3 to obtain YBH4 and YBO2. Y is selected from the group consisting of the alkali metals, pseudo-alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, an ammonium ion, and quaternary amines of the formula NR4+, wherein each R is independently selected from hydrogen and a straight- or branched-chain C1-4 alkyl group, and X is selected from the group consisting of halide ions, —OH, —R′ and —OR′ groups, chalcogens, and chalcogenides, wherein R′ is a straight- or branched-chain C1-4 alkyl group.

Abstract: In a process for the production of a polyolefin, an olefin monomer is polymerised said polyolefin and residual monomer is recovered. A gas stream comprising the monomer and nitrogen is subjected to a PSA process in which said monomer is adsorbed on a periodically regenerated silica gel or alumina adsorbent to recover a purified gas stream containing said olefin and a nitrogen rich stream containing no less than 99% nitrogen and containing no less than 50% of the nitrogen content of the gas feed to the PSA process.

Abstract: There is disclosed a crystallizable poly(2,5-di-substituted-1,4-phenylene oxide), which exhibits an exothermic peak for crystallization of not less than 5 J/g at 150° C. or over when cooled after melting, and/or an endothermic peak, at the time of melting of crystals thereof, of not less than 5 J/g at 150° C. or over when re-heated after cooling of the melt, and which comprises a recurring unit of the following formula (I), and a method of preparing the same by polymerization of a 2,5-di-substituted-phenol of the following formula (II) by use of a copper complex catalyst made of a tridentate ligand of which nitrogen atoms coordinate to a copper atom in coexistence with oxygen: wherein R1's independently represent a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group, and they may be the same or different. The crystallizable poly(2,5-di-substituted-1,4-phenylene oxide) is able to provide a melt molding which has a reduced degree of coloration and good heat resistance.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyphenylene ether by oxidative polymerization of a phenol compound using a catalyst and an oxygen-containing gas, wherein said catalyst comprises a copper compound, a bromine compound, a diamine compound of formula (1) as recited in the specification, a tertiary monoamine compound and a secondary monoamine compound, and wherein said process comprises the steps of: preparing a catalyst component (P1) in a container which is under a substantially oxygen-free inert atmosphere by mixing the copper compound and the bromine compound to obtain a mixture and then mixing the mixture with the secondary monoamine compound in an amount of at least 2 times the molar amount of the copper atom; separately preparing a catalyst component (P2) by mixing the diamine compound of formula (1) and the tertiary monoamine compound together with a solvent in an oxidative polymerization vessel; adding a predetermined amount of the catalyst component (P1) to the polymerization vessel containing the catalyst c

Abstract: Polymer emulsion compositions presenting low levels of residue after thermolytic decomposition are provided. The compositions, based on polyhydroxyalkanoates or acrylics, are useful in a variety of applications, including the metallization of cathode ray tube phosphor screens, where use of the compositions provides enhanced luminosity and ease of manufacture. Other applications include use of the emulsion in additives used in powder molding techniques and in the manufacture of ceramic tiles.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of polycationic polymers (PAB) containing quaternary ammonium groups in salt form as heteroatomic chain members or ring members of the polymer, wherein a part of the counter-ions to the quaternary cationic groups are anionic groups of anionic optical brighteners, containing at least one anionic group, are valuable multi-functional agents in papermaking.

Abstract: A metal-dendrimer complex in which the metal active site is deep within the three-dimensional dendrimer construct, has superoxide dismutase-like activity. In particular embodiments the complex is a copper(II)-dendrimer complex and the dendrimer construct is a dendritic polypeptide, and the copper(II) is complexed with imidazole groups provided by histidine side groups within the dendritic construct. The dendrimer construct has a generally globular shape, and the branched chains nearer the surface are sufficiently densely packed to restrict the movement of larger biomolecules into the dendritic construct toward the metal active sites. Smaller molecules such as the superoxide anion (O2·−) move freely from the milieu into the dendritic complex and to the metal active sites, where the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide is effected; and smaller molecules such as hydrogen peroxide move freely out from the dendritic complex to the milieu.

Abstract: The invention comprises an aqueous solution comprising a water-soluble, polyamidoamine- epichlorohydrin resin, said solution having a reduced halogen content and effective wet strength agent properties, obtained by subjecting an aqueous solution comprising a water-soluble polyamido-amine-epichlorohydrin resin to an organic halogen content reducing after-treatment wherein the total halogen content is below 1% by weight, calculated on solid resin and the halogen content is below 0.1% by weight.

Abstract: A method for lateral chain modification of aryl main chain polymers with aromatic ketones or aldehydes containing tertiary basic N-groups is described. The modification can be accomplished via addition of an aromatic carboxylic acid or an acid derivative containing a tertiary amine moiety to a metallized polymer. The tertiary amines on the modified polymer can be converted to quaternary amines with halogen alkanes. Modification of the aryl main chain polymers with aromatic groups containing sulphonic acid radicals is also described. The polymers formed can be crosslinked and prepared for use in a wide variety of membrane technologies including ion exchange, dialysis, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration.

Abstract: Glycerol is nitrated with at least one nitrating source in a solvent to form a nitrated glycerol solution containing dinitroglycerin. The nitrated glycerol solution is treated with at least one cyclizing agent to convert the dinitroglycerin into glycidyl nitrate, which is polymerized into poly(glycidyl nitrate) (PGN). Distillation or other vaporization techniques are not required to remove nitroglycerin from the glycidyl nitrate prior to polymerization of the glycidyl nitrate. Rather, the nitroglycerin can be carried along with the dinitroglycerin during polymerization. As a consequence, the glycidyl nitrate is not exposed to elevated temperatures sufficient to cause accidental explosion or deflagration of the nitrate ester. Still more preferably, the glycidyl nitrate is not heated above room temperature at any time prior to polymerization. Moreover, given the high energy performance of nitroglycerin, the nitroglycerin can optionally be retained with the PGN, i.e.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved processes for purifying polymer preparations by removing contaminants, such as metal contaminants. The present invention also provides improved processes for producing phosphopolymers, which can yield improved polymers in terms of molecular weight, homogeneity, consistency and purity. Polymers and polymer preparations also are provided. The present invention is time, labor and energy efficient, and thus marks an improvement over past approaches.

Abstract: An efficient process for producing a high quality 2-adamantyl (meth)acrylate of the formula (I): wherein R1 is hydrogen or methyl and R2 is hydrogen of lower alkyl, by using very common facilities and procedures, which reacting a (meth)acryloyl halide of the formula (II) wherein R1 is as defined above and X is halogen with a 2-adamantanol of the formula (III): wherein R2 is as defined above to form the 2-adamantyl (meth)acrylate of the formula (I), then treating a solution of this product in an organic solvent with active carbon, subsequently removing the active carbon, and thereafter separating a purified 2-adamantyl (meth)acrylate, is provided.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyphenylene ether by oxidative polymerization of a phenol compound using a catalyst and an oxygen-containing gas, wherein said catalyst comprises a copper compound, a bromine compound, a diamine compound of formula (1) as recited in the specification, a tertiary monoamine compound and a secondary monoamine compound, and wherein said process comprises the steps of: preparing a catalyst component (P1) in a container which is under a substantially oxygen-free inert atmosphere by mixing the copper compound and the bromine compound to obtain a mixture and then mixing the mixture with the secondary monoamine compound in an amount of at least 2 times the molar amount of the copper atom; separately preparing a catalyst component (P2) by mixing the diamine compound of formula (1) and the tertiary monoamine compound together with a solvent in an oxidative polymerization vessel; adding a predetermined amount of the catalyst component (P1) to the polymerization vessel containing the catalyst c