Abstract: Methods for cleaning dye molecules on a surface of a metal/metal oxide nanocomposite substrate by irradiating the substrate with UV-visible light. The cleaning of the adsorbed dye molecules is confirmed using an ultrasensitive optical method.

Abstract: Pressure sensitive adhesive compositions are disclosed comprising acrylic emulsions that are emulsion polymerization products of (a) a monomer mixture comprising, based on the total weight of monomers in the monomer mixture, from 50 to 99 weight percent 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and from 1 to 50 weight percent an unsaturated monomer, (b) a surfactant, and (c) an initiator. Methods for preparing pressure sensitive adhesive compositions are also disclosed. Food contact articles comprising the disclosed pressure sensitive adhesive compositions are also disclosed. In some embodiments, the disclosed food contact articles have an overall migration of less than 25 mg/dm2, as measured in accordance with EN 1186, or less than 10 mg/dm2, as measured in accordance with EN 1186.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-corrosive process for cleaning a recyclable material comprising the following steps: (a) providing a contaminated recyclable material; (b) treating the contaminated recyclable material at a temperature in the range of from 45-30° C. with a solution that contains one or more polyols to remove contaminants from the contaminated recyclable material, wherein the one or more polyols is (are) present in an amount of at least 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the solution, thereby forming a liquid 10 mixture which comprises one or more polyols, contaminants removed from the recyclable material, and treated recyclable material; (c) separating at a temperature in the range 10-55° C.

Abstract: Provided is a polymer having a sharp melting peak and allowing easy adjustment of the melting peak temperature. Specifically provided is a polymer having two or more kinds of constitutional units containing an alkyl group having 14 or more and 30 or less carbon atoms, wherein the proportions of the number of the two or more kinds of constitutional units containing an alkyl group having 14 or more and 30 or less carbon atoms are each 20% or more, with respect to 100% of the total number of all constitutional units containing an alkyl group having 14 or more and 30 or less carbon atoms. An enthalpy of fusion of the polymer observed within a temperature range of 10° C. or higher and lower than 60° C. in differential scanning calorimetry is 30 J/g or more.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a system includes a three-dimensional (3D) printer, a neutral feedstock, a p-doped feedstock, an n-doped feedstock, and a laser. The 3D printer includes a platen and an enclosure. The platen includes an inert metal. The enclosure includes an inert atmosphere. The neutral feedstock is configured to be deposited onto the platen. The neutral feedstock includes a halogenated solution and a nanoparticle having a negative electron affinity. The p-doped feedstock is configured to be deposited onto the platen. The p-doped feedstock includes a boronated compound introduced to the neutral feedstock. The n-doped feedstock is configured to be deposited onto the platen. The n-doped feedstock includes a phosphorous compound introduced to the neutral feedstock. The laser is configured to induce the nanoparticle to emit solvated electrons into the halogenated solution to form, by reduction, layers of a ceramic comprising a neutral layer, a p-doped layer, and an n-doped layer.

Abstract: A method produces polyamide fine particles by polymerizing a polyamide monomer (A) in the presence of a polymer (B) at a temperature equal to or higher than the crystallization temperature of a polyamide to be obtained, wherein the polyamide monomer (A) and the polymer (B) are homogeneously dissolved at the start of polymerization, and polyamide fine particles are precipitated after the polymerization. Polyamide fine particles have a number average particle size of 0.1 to 100 ?m, a sphericity of 90 or more, a particle size distribution index of 3.0 or less, a linseed oil absorption of 100 mL/100 g or less, and a crystallization temperature of 150° C. or more. In particular, a polyamide having a high crystallization temperature includes fine particles having a smooth surface, a narrow particle size distribution, and high sphericity.

Abstract: This disclosure describes processes for producing polymer using non-polar and condensable stripping agents to remove volatile components, such as solvent and unreacted monomer, from the produced polymer. Systems for performing these processes are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are: a polymer capable of providing a crosslinked rubber composition with improved durability (i.e., breaking resistance, abrasion resistance, and crack growth resistance) and a method for producing the same, a rubber composition containing the polymer, a crosslinked rubber composition obtained by crosslinking the rubber composition, and a tire having the crosslinked rubber composition. The polymer is either a synthesized polyisoprene or an isoprene copolymer, and contains a residual catalyst in an amount of 300 ppm or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-redispersible dispersion powder compositions based on polymers of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, wherein one or more gemini surfactants are present.

Abstract: A new and efficient method of functionalizing high molecular weight polymers through alkylation using a metal amide base is described. This novel procedure can also be used to synthesize polymer-based macro-initiators containing radical initiating groups at the chain-ends for synthesis of block copolymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new condensation resins formed from urea, formaldehyde and CH-acidic aldehydes, to processes for preparing them, and to use thereof.

Abstract: A method of making a pure block copolymer includes forming a crude block copolymer; heating a solution of the crude block copolymer and alcohol; and cooling the solution to promote precipitation of a purified block copolymer, wherein an amount of impurities remaining in the purified block copolymer is from about 0 to about 5 wt % based on a total weight of the purified block copolymer; a ratio of a polydispersity index of the crude block copolymer to a polydispersity index of the purified block copolymer is from about 1.02 to about 1.25; a ratio of a molecular weight of the crude block copolymer to a molecular weight of the purified block copolymer is from about 0.75 to about 1.0; and a ratio of a number average molecular weight of the crude block copolymer to a number average molecular weight of the purified block copolymer is from about 0.65 to about 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing high-functionality polyetherols by reacting at least one trifunctional or higher-functionality alcohol and if appropriate further di- and/or monofunctional alcohols and/or modifying reagents, with the aid of acidic catalysts, where the trifunctional or higher-functionality alcohol is not glycerol. The present invention further relates to high-functionality polyetherols obtainable by such a process and to the use of these high-functionality polyetherols as adhesion promoters, thixotropic agents, rheology modifiers of polymers, phase transfer reagents, micro- or nanocontainers for biologically active compounds, for example for active medical ingredients, biocides, herbicides or fungicides, as pigment dispersants, an additive in printing inks or as structural units for preparing polyaddition or polycondensation polymers or for treatment of seed.

Abstract: Porous networks are described linked by boronates. Also described are processes for producing the porous networks. The porous networks are formed by reacting a polyboronic acid with itself or with a polydiol, a polydiamine, or a polyamino alcohol. The resulting boronate linkage is covalently bonded. The characteristics and properties of the resulting porous material can be varied and altered by changing the reactants and by incorporating functional groups into the reactants. Of particular advantage, the porous materials can be formed at or near atmospheric pressure and at low temperature in the presence of one or more solvents.

Abstract: Processes for recovering natural rubber from an aqueous natural rubber latex that contains extractables and one or more additives and that is essentially free of lignocellulosic plant material are described. Natural rubber in the latex is separated from the water. Preferably, the amount of non-rubber extractables in the natural rubber is reduced by one or more extraction steps yielding a dried natural rubber.

Abstract: Polyester compositions described herein have properties which are particularly suitable for extrusion blow molding (EBM). These properties relate primarily to the rate of crystallization and melt strength or melt viscosity. Articles prepared from the polyester compositions exhibit good clarity, aesthetics, and other physical properties. The polyester compositions also exhibit broad molecular weight distribution (MWD), resulting in improved processability and melt strength. The crystallization rate allows for good drying characteristics while also enabling the use of regrind. In addition, the compositions exhibit improved recyclability, such as in existing PET recycling streams. In one aspect, articles are prepared in an extrusion blow molding method by combining a dry first polyester copolymer component, a dry second polyester component, and a chain extender to form a feed material suitable for extrusion blow molding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for decomposing, in the presence of subcritical water, a thermosetting resin comprising a polyester moiety and a crosslinking moiety therewith to provide a compound comprising an acid residue derived from the polyester moiety and a residue derived from the crosslinking moiety, and collecting the compound in an efficient yield, specifically, which comprises steps of: (I) decomposing the thermosetting resin in the presence of subcritical water to provide a solid comprising a compound comprising an acid residue derived from the polyester moiety and a residue derived from the crosslinking moiety, (II) subjecting the solid to an organic solvent to dissolve the compound into the organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent has a higher solubility which can dissolve the compound than that of water, and (III) collecting, separating or isolating the compound from the organic solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an obtainment process of biodegradable polymers from a citric residue resulting from the processing of orange juice. The polymers obtained are polyesters classified as polyhydroxyalkanoates including, among them the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate). The biodegradable polymer is obtained from the batch culture process or fed batch culture process with or without recirculation of the cells, using as a carbon source the pre-treated pressing liquor and/or the citric molasses. The polyhydroxyalkanoates, herein described, can be used as substitutes of the synthetic polyesters in different areas, including the food, pharmaceutical, medical, agricultural and other areas.

Abstract: A method for forming a biodegradable aliphatic polyester suitable for use in fibers is provided. In one embodiment, for example, an aliphatic polyester is melt blended with an alcohol to initiate an alcoholysis reaction that results in a polyester having one or more hydroxyalkyl or alkyl terminal groups. By selectively controlling the alcoholysis conditions (e.g., alcohol and polymer concentrations, catalysts, temperature, etc.), a modified aliphatic polyester may be achieved that has a molecular weight lower than the starting aliphatic polyester Such lower molecular weight polymers also have the combination of a higher melt flow index and lower apparent viscosity, which is useful in a wide variety of fiber forming applications, such as in the meltblowing of nonwoven webs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conjugate of a protein or peptide with a polyethylene glycol derivative having catechol, wherein the protein or peptide is mono-PEGylated at the N-terminal with the polyethylene glycol derivative, and to a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the catechol-PEG derivative can be site-specifically conjugated with the N-terminal amine group of a protein or peptide, so that a homogeneous polyethylene glycol-protein or -peptide conjugate can be obtained in high yield. Unlike a prior art conjugate, the conjugate obtained according to the invention allows the decrease in the activity of the protein to be minimized without chemically modifying the protein, and thus the conjugate has an excellent pharmacological effect. Also, because the conjugate is homogeneous, the process for preparing the conjugate can be simplified. Moreover, the conjugate has uniform biological efficacy in vivo and shows strong resistance to hydrolysis and thus a long in vivo duration time.

Abstract: The invention relates to block polymers, for example, arborescent copolymer compounds, and to methods of making and purifying such compounds. In one embodiment, the invention relates to arborescent polymer compounds that contain one or more styrene polymeric blocks in combination with one or more isobutylene polymeric blocks. In another embodiment, the invention relates to methods for purifying arborescent polymer compounds that contain at least one styrene polymeric block in combination with at least one isobutylene polymeric block.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyalkylene glycol derivative having such high molecular weight and purity that the derivative can be used in pharmaceutical applications, which produces a polyalkylene glycol derivative of the formula (X) by steps (A), (B), (C) and (D), wherein R is as defined: R—(OA)nOH??(X) (step (A)) 5 to 50% by mol of an alkali catalyst is added to a compound represented by the formula (Y), wherein R is as defined: R—OH??(Y) (step (B)) an alkylene oxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is reacted under a condition of 50 to 130° C. until the average number of moles of an oxyalkylene group OA added reaches the range of 5 to 500 to obtain a polyalkylene glycol derivative; (step (C)) 10 to 5000% by mass of a hydrocarbon solvent is added to the derivative of the step (B) to dilute it, and remaining water is removed by azeotropy; and (step (D)) the derivative of the step (B) is reacted with an alkylene oxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms under a condition of 50 to 130° C.

Abstract: A method comprises forming a reaction mixture comprising a terephthalate polyester, a glycol comprising 2 to 5 carbons, and an amidine organocatalyst; and heating the reaction mixture at a temperature of about 120° C. or more to depolymerize the terephthalate polyester, thereby forming a terephthalate reaction product comprising a monomeric dihydroxy terephthalate diester; wherein the terephthalate reaction product contains terephthalate oligomers in an amount less than the amount of terephthalate oligomers that would result from i) substituting the amidine organocatalyst with an equimolar amount of a guanidine catalyst and ii) depolymerizing the terephthalate polyester under otherwise identical reaction conditions.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for collecting effective components from polyester fiber waste containing polyalkylene telephthalate as the main component, more specifically to provide a method for separating and removing foreign matters (mainly cotton) contained in polyester fiber waste. The purpose of the invention can be achieved by a method for separating and removing foreign matters from polyester waste, which includes throwing polyester fiber waste that contains polyalkylene telephthalate as the main component and foreign matters other than the polyalkylene telephthalate into a depolymerization reaction tank, subjecting a part or all of the polyester fiber to a depolymerization reaction with alkylene glycol to give a depolymerization reaction liquid, and then continuously or intermittently feeding the liquid to a foreign matter-separating and removing apparatus having specified characteristics.

Abstract: A non-destructive process for removing chromium from polyvinyl chloride filters is disclosed. The process involves immersing the polyvinyl chloride filters in a concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution at elevated temperatures, followed by rinsing with deionized water. Removing the background concentration of chromium from the filters allows for more accurate measurements of the amount of hexavalent and total chromium present in workplace environments.

Abstract: Vibration damping film comprising a composition obtained by dispersing titanium dioxide (Y) and mica flakes (Z) in a polyester resin (X) comprising dicarboxylic acid units and diol units, satisfying conditions (I) to (III), and having a thickness in the range of 20 to 200 ?m : (I) Content of polyester resin (X), titanium dioxide (Y) and mica flakes (Z) in the composition is in the range of 35 to 60% by mass, in the range of 5 to 15% by mass and in the range of 30 to 55% by mass, respectively, (II) Average particle diameter of the mica flakes (Z) in the resin composition is in the range of 5 to 80 ?m, and (III) Elongation at failure point of the resin composition measured according to JIS K7127 is in the range of 30 to 70%.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyether alcohols by reacting at least one alkylene oxide with at least one unsaturated starter having at least one active hydrogen atom per molecule under basic catalysis, that the alkoxylation is carried out in at least two stages, in stage (I) the alkoxylation of the starter or starters being carried out with not more than 10 mol of alkylene oxide per mole of starter with a catalyst concentration of not more than 0.0085 mol of basic catalyst per mole and in stage (II) and the optionally following stages, the alkoxylated starter or starters from stage (I) being reacted with further alkylene oxide at a catalyst concentration of at least 0.01 mol of basic catalyst per mole of starter.

Abstract: An aryl composition includes aryl ether oligomers. These compositions may be prepared by reaction of one or more dihalobenzenes with one or more dihydroxybenzenes by an Ullman ether reaction. The oligomers may have two or more benzene rings and include terminal halogen, e.g., bromine (Br), or hydroxyl (OH) groups. These oligomers may be brominated to form flame retardant compositions for thermoplastic polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to block polymers, for example, arborescent copolymer compounds, and to methods of making and purifying such compounds. In one embodiment, the invention relates to arborescent polymer compounds that contain one or more styrene polymeric blocks in combination with one or more isobutylene polymeric blocks. In another embodiment, the invention relates to methods for purifying arborescent polymer compounds that contain at least one styrene polymeric block in combination with at least one isobutylene polymeric block.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing an ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer by which impurities such as catalyst residue and by-products and solvent are removed to a high degree. A high-quality, homogeneous product can be efficiently produced by including a washing step including: introducing a paste containing an ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer and an alcohol into a washing tank; applying a shear force to the paste to knead the paste while contacting the paste with washing water so that a surface of the paste is repeatedly displaced by an inner part thereof; and discharging the alcohol to an outside of the tank together with the washing water to obtain a water-containing ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer composition having a small alcohol content.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glycerol-based product comprising at least one nitrogen-containing compound and of which the total content of nitrogen-containing compound expressed as elemental nitrogen (N) is less than or equal to 1 g of nitrogen (N)/kg of product, to a process for obtaining glycerol, and to its use in the manufacture of dichloropropanol and of derived products such as epichlorohydrin and products derived from epichlorohydrin.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods and materials useful for depolymerizing a polymer. In one embodiment, for example, the disclosure provides a method for depolymerizing a polymer containing electrophilic linkages, wherein the method comprises contacting the polymer with a nucleophilic reagent in the presence of a guanidine-containing compound. The methods and materials of the disclosure find utility, for example, in the field of waste reclamation and recycling.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a process for processing post-consumer polymer. The polymer is contacted with a control medium having a carrier gas and a reactive vapor. Such a process is useful for processing post-consumer polymers with lower energy and reactants than with liquid reactants, and also promotes decontamination of the recycled polymer during the reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a conductive coating film having superior chemical resistance or solvent resistance and durability by chemically bonding a resin having an amine group (—NH2) with carbon nanotubes having a carboxyl group (—COOH). The conductive material having high bondability with carbon nanotubes and superior electrical properties includes carbon nanotubes uniformly contained therein, and thus has appropriate surface resistivity, and thereby can be used for antistatic, electrostatic dissipation and electromagnetic shielding purposes and in transparent or opaque electrodes depending on the resistivity value.

Abstract: Methods of forming materials containing precursors to electrically conductive polymers and electrically conductive polymers are described which have a high degree of crystallinity. The high degree of crystallinity is achieved by preparing the materials under conditions which provide a high degree of mobility to the polymer molecules permitting them to associate with one another to form a crystalline state. High levels of electrical conductivity are achieved in in the electrically conductive materials without stretch orienting the material. The enhanced electrical conductivity is isotropic as compared to a stretch oriented film which has isotropic electrical conductivity. In the preferred embodiment, additives are added to a solution containing a solvent and the precursor or electrically conductive polymer. The additives are preferably plasticizer of diluents. As the solvent is removed the material dries and contains a higher degree of crystallinity than in the absence of the additive.

Abstract: Methods of preparing elastomeric gasket materials for use in metered dose inhalers that include contacting an elastomeric gasket material to be used in a metered dose inhaler, which gasket material comprises one or more extractable compounds, with a solution comprising an organic solvent under conditions sufficient to extract at least a portion of at least one of the one or more extractable compounds from the elastomeric gasket material are described. Sealing gaskets made by such methods as well as metering valves, metered dose inhalers, and drug products that include such gaskets are also described.

Abstract: The invention provides a sterically hindered polymers and conjugates formed therefrom that comprise a water-soluble and non-peptidic polymer backbone having at least one terminus covalently bonded to an alkanoic acid or alkanoic acid derivative prior to conjugation, wherein the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group of the acid or acid derivative group has an alkyl or aryl group pendent thereto. The steric effects of the alkyl or aryl group allow greater control of the hydrolytic stability of polymer derivatives. The polymer backbone may be poly(ethylene glycol).

Abstract: Methods for the purification of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers are provided.

Abstract: In a process for producing a poly(arylene sulfide) by polymerizing a sulfur source and a dihalo-aromatic compound in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide in an organic amide solvent, the production process comprises washing a polymer obtained by the polymerization with a hydrophilic organic solvent containing water in a proportion of 1 to 30% by weight, thereby collecting a purified polymer, the content of nitrogen contained in an extract extracted by a mixed solvent containing 40% by weight of acetonitrile and 60% by weight of water from the purified polymer is at most 50 ppm on the basis of the weight of the polymer, and a poly(arylene sulfide), the content of nitrogen contained in an extract extracted by a mixed solvent containing 40% by weight of acetonitrile and 60% by weight of water from the purified polymer is at most 50 ppm on the basis of the weight of the polymer.

Abstract: A thermoset composition exhibiting reduced water absorption in the cured state includes an olefinically unsaturated monomer and a capped poly(arylene ether) prepared by the reaction of an uncapped poly(arylene ether) with an anhydride capping agent. The capped poly(arylene ether) is isolated and/or purified by methods that reduce the concentrations of polar impurities that contribute to water absorption by the cured composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recycling plastic materials which contain at least two polymers, copolymers or blends thereof based on polystyrene. The plastic material is thereby mixed with a solvent for the polymers, copolymers or blends. Subsequently a precipitation is effected by addition of a corresponding precipitant so that then the gelatinous precipitation product can be separated from the further components of the plastic material. The method is used for recycling of any plastic materials, in particular of plastic materials from electronic scrap processing and from shredder light fractions.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention relates to a two step process in which a 1,4-butane diol component reacts with a polyethylene terephthalate component under conditions that depolymerize the polyethylene terephthalate component into a molten mixture and the molten mixture is placed under subatmospheric conditions that produce the modified polybutylene terephthalate random copolymers. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a three step process in which a diol component selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and combinations thereof reacts with a polyethylene terephthalate component under conditions sufficient to depolymerize the polyethylene terephthalate component into a first molten mixture; and where the first molten mixture is combined with 1,4-butane diol under conditions that create a second molten mixture that is subsequently placed under subatmospheric conditions that produce the modified polybutylene terephthalate random copolymers.

Abstract: An organic-solvent dispersion containing fine polysilsesquioxane particles stably dispersed therein, which is obtained by adjusting the pH of an aqueous dispersion of fine polysilsesquioxane particles to 2 to 9, subsequently adding an organic solvent thereto, and then removing the water from the system; and an aqueous dispersion of fine polysilsesquioxane particles having an appropriate average particle diameter, which is obtained by adjusting the amount of a base catalyst to be used so as to be in a specific range. The process for producing an aqueous dispersion of fine polysilsesquioxane particles having a pH of 2 to 9 with an organic solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for making modified polybutylene terephththalate random copolymers from a polyethylene terephthalate component. The invention relates to a three step process in which a diol component selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and combinations thereof reacts with a polyethylene terephthalate component under conditions sufficient to depolymerize the polyethylene terephthalate component into a first molten mixture; and where the first molten mixture is combined with 1,4-butanediol under conditions that create a second molten mixture that is subsequently placed under subatmospheric conditions that produce the modified polybutylene terephthalate random copolymers. The invention also relates to compositions made from the process.

Abstract: The present invention provides energetically and economically efficient methods for separating polyamide polymer(s) from commingled materials. The methods generally involve precipitating a polyamide polymer dissolved in a solvent (e.g., formic acid) using dimethyl ether (DME) as an antisolvent. The methods comprise dissolving the polyamide polymer in a solvent that (i) selectively dissolves the polyamide polymer relative to the other materials and (ii) has a higher solubility for DME relative to the polyamide polymer; and then contacting the mixture of the solvent with the dissolved polyamide polymer with DME, thereby precipitating the polyamide polymer.

Abstract: A process for preparing a redistributed poly(phenylene ether), comprising reacting a poly(phenylene ether) in a reactive diluent monomer with a polyhydric phenol in the presence of a redistribution catalyst to form a composition comprising a redistributed poly(phenylene ether) in the reactive monomer diluent. The redistributed poly(phenylene ether) exhibits an intrinsic viscosity in the range of about 0.06 deciliters per gram to about 0.25 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C. The redistributed poly(phenylene ether) can be functionalized and admixed with unsaturated resin such as an unsaturated polyester resin or vinyl ester resin to obtain a varnish composition that, when cured, can form an electrically insulative thermoset.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for restoring adhesive strength of an adhesive that has lost at least some of its adhesive strength includes applying a restoration agent to the adhesive. In one embodiment, a selectively-releasable adhesive includes a copolymer formed from a multifunctional alcohol and a multifunctional carboxylic acid, wherein the copolymer has been cured the equivalent of less than approximately 9 hours at approximately 120° C. and 100 milliTorr.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a preparing method of polyols, polyurethane and polyurethane foams using the same. Polyester, polyamide and polyurethane are depolymerized with the polymeric fatty acid mono(polyhydroxyl alcohol)ide composition and additionally reacted with the polybasic acid, polyol and amine to prepare acid value of 05-˜1 mgKOH/g, hydroxyl value of 10˜500 mgKOH/g, and amine value of 1˜50 mgKOH/g in polyol. This is to transform the double bond of the unsaturated fatty acid from the component of the oils and fats into a conjugated double bond to induce the Diels-Alder reaction, and with the improvement of the reactivity to form a stable combination in the chemical structure to prevent the separate leaching appearance of fat and fatty oil from the final product. In particular, by recycling waste edible oil and waste synthetic resin that can be employed as industrially useful material, the invention provides environment advantages.

Abstract: This invention is related to a new method of synthesizing polycarbynes. These polymers are known to produce diamond and diamond like ceramics upon heating, by plasma processing, and chemical vapour deposition. The method of synthesizing polycarbynes is characterized by, Placing trihaloalkanes (RCX3) or mixtures of them in any proportion, solvent (2) and electrolyte in a container (1), Application of electricity to electrodes (4) using a suitable power supply (3).

Abstract: A catalytic lactide and glycolide copolymerization system comprising a trifluoromethane sulfonate as a catalyst and copolymerization additive and a copolymerization process.