Abstract: A process for producing a nanoemulsion formulation comprising the following main stages: (a) extraction of natural antioxidants from peels or seeds of fruits, vegetables or cereals, wherein the extraction is carried out with pure water, with a concentration of the extracted natural antioxidants with a vacuum distillation method between 0.5-15 inHg at 20-60° C. for 10-95 minutes until the concentration of the extracted natural antioxidants is between 10-50 wt % and then a tangential nanofiltration of the concentrated natural antioxidants; (b) encapsulation of the natural antioxidants; (c) formation of a nanoemulsion; and (d) cryodrying of the formed nanoemulsion.

Abstract: An okra polygalacturonic acid having a uric acid-lowering effect, a method for preparing the same, and use of the same are disclosed. The method includes: smashing an okra, lixiviating the okra in ethanol, and filtering to obtain a filtrate and a residue; removing the filtrate, and lixiviating the residue in heated water to obtain an extraction solution; adding the ethanol into the extraction solution to precipitate okra crude polysaccharides; purifying the okra crude polysaccharides over an anion exchange column by eluting with water or a NaCl solution, a Tris-HCl solution or a NaCl-containing Tris-HCl solution, or a phosphate solution or a NaCl-containing phosphate solution, and collecting a fraction eluted by the NaCl solution, the NaCl-containing Tris-HCl solution, or the NaCl-containing phosphate solution; and concentrating, dialyzing and drying the fraction to obtain the okra polygalacturonic acid.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method for extracting a RG-I-rich pectic polysaccharide. The method comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring a citrus fruit peel powder and a dilute hydrochloric acid solution at a low temperature to destroy cell walls of citrus peels, filtering, and then mixing the retentate with a sodium hydroxide solution for low temperature extraction, adding ethanol to the solution obtained by filtering to precipitate, and washing the obtained polysaccharide with ethanol and drying to obtain the above pectic polysaccharide. Compared with the traditional extraction method, this method reduces the hydrolysis of pectin side chains by controlling the extraction temperature, and the extracted pectic polysaccharide is rich in RG-I domain and has higher biological activity such as cancer and cardiovascular disease prevention. Energy can be greatly saved because of the low extraction temperature.

Abstract: The present invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising ester derivatives of hyaluronic acid for use as a topical treatment in disorders of the vaginal mucosa characterised by loss of elasticity and hydration, such as vaginal dryness and/or atrophic vaginitis; said compositions can also be used successfully to lubricate the genital mucosa.

Abstract: An advantageous process for pre-treating lignocellulosic biomass to hydrolysable polysaccharide enriched biomass with reduced amount of inhibitors of catalysis comprising steps of: providing a feedstock comprising cellulosic biomass; chopping of cellulosic biomass to have a cellulosic biomass feed material of uniform size; feeding of uniform sized feed material to a horizontal counter current extraction unit; removing excess of water from the feed material obtained from the extraction unit; soaking the extruded feed material obtained from the extraction unit; optionally removing excess of water from the feed material obtained after acid soaking; steam pre-treating the feed material obtained after removing excess of water from the acid soaked feed material; neutralizing the slurry obtained from the steam pre-treating; and optionally saccharifying the neutralized slurry.

Abstract: A rice dough composition that includes a rice flour from a medium grain rice, xanthan gum, an oil, an alkylene glycol alginate, and water. The rice dough composition is gluten-free and possesses advantageous shapability, viscoelasticity, durability, tackiness, absorbency, and mouthfeel characteristics. A method of making the rice dough composition, a shaped noodle product made therefrom, and a method of making the shaped noodle product are also provided.

Abstract: Methods for producing an activated pectin-containing biomass composition are provided. The method includes (A) mixing a starting pectin-containing biomass material having an insoluble fiber component and an insoluble protopectin component with an aqueous solution of an alcohol to form a mixture; (B) activating the starting pectin-containing biomass material to form an activated pectin-containing biomass material having the insoluble fiber component and a soluble pectin component by subjecting the starting pectin-containing biomass material to (i) an activating solution formed by adding acid to the mixture to adjust the pH of the mixture within the range from at or about 0.5 to at or about 2.

Abstract: A surfactant produced by reacting naturally occurring polysaccharides that are not water soluble with a hydrophilic substituent on a carboxylic portion of the polysaccharide. In a second reaction, the surfactant is further substituted on a hydroxylic portion with a hydrophobic or lipophilic substituent, so as to make the reaction product both water soluble and capable of attracting oily material that is hydrophobic to be removed from a substrate by cleaning in water. Methods of making the surfactant and the follow-on reaction product are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a polysaccharide derivative, comprising the steps of: (a) contacting at least one polysaccharide with at least one polysaccharide swelling agent at a temperature of at most 70° C.; and (b) subsequently, contacting the product of step (a) with at least one aromatic isocyanate; thereby preparing a polysaccharide derivative.

Abstract: A process for preserving biomass material comprising polysaccharide, the process comprising contacting the biomass material with a preserving composition comprising alcohol to form a preserved biomass material and storing the preserved biomass material for at least 24 hours. At least a substantial amount of the polysaccharide may be extracted from the preserved biomass material with yields comparable to or improved over extraction from fresh non-preserved biomass material.

Abstract: A sustainable method and system for producing bio-fuels from citrus peels and the recovery of limonene and pectin prior to fermentation of the peel solids. In one embodiment a sustainable method and system for the concurrent recovery of limonene and pectin from citrus peels is disclosed. The peels are optionally zested, mixed with water and an acid, and then exploded in a jet cooker or a pressurized extruder. The exploded peels are transferred to a flash vessel where the remaining limonene and water vapor are separated into water and limonene. The pectin fraction is removed from the flash tank and extracted by centrifuge, precipitation and/or filtration. The remaining peel solids are fermented in an anaerobic digester which produces methane, ethanol, acids, CO2 or other end products which can be used as fuel for power generation equipment sufficient to supply the processing system for sustainable operations as described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chain, continuous and no-waste method for degumming and fiber-separating the ramie, including anaerobic circle step, in which the raw fibers after the waste alkali bath step are immersed in the anaerobic water pool; aerobic circle step, in which the raw fibers after the anaerobic circle step are immersed in the aerobic water pool; alkali-hydrogen peroxide one bath scouring-bleaching step, in which the raw fibers after the aerobic circle step are immersed in a combined solution of NaOH and H2O2; and the treatment by a fiber-separating and washing device followed by the immersion in the cellulase solution. In the present invention, the ramie degumming process and the degumming wastewater treatment are performed integratively, and the degumming wastewater is completely recycled after treatment.

Abstract: A method for treating citrus peel by clean steaming pieces of raw citrus peel; and rupturing at least some of the cells of the pieces of raw citrus peel to release liquid, sugar and oil bound within the pieces of raw citrus peel. The clean steaming step may involve using clean steam that is free of chemical water treatment additives, and the clean steam may be the only water introduced to the process.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions of modified pectin and methods for preparing and using them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mixture, having a skin-tightening effect, which is made up of: 10 to 80% by weight of a polysaccharide, preferably of an alginate, having a molecular weight of less than 600,000 Daltons, preferably less than 400,000 Daltons and more preferably less than 200,000 Daltons, 15 to 75% by weight of a polyhydroxylated agent selected from sugars and their derivatives, particularly sugar esters and sugar, ethers, preferably sorbitol, 3 to 15% by weight of poly(vinyl alcohol) or polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 0 to 25% by weight of cellulose or of a derivative of cellulose, such as carboxymethylcellulose or hydroxymethylcellulose. The present invention also relates to cosmetic compositions which contain this mixture. These cosmetic compositions enable a mechanical smoothing of the surface of the skin to be obtained progressively with great comfort of use and enables a good fixing of make-up products.

Abstract: Because of the formation of disulfide bridges with mucus glycoproteins, the mucoadhesive properties of polymeric compounds can be significantly improved by the covalent attachment of thiol substructures to them. By the transformation of free thiol groups on such polymers in disulfides with mercaptonicotinamides or mercaptopyridoxins these thiol groups become comparatively more reactive resulting in significantly improved mucoadhesive properties. Furthermore, polymers exhibiting disulfide partial structures with mercaptonicotinamides or mercaptopyridoxins do not need to be protected against oxidation. In addition, they show comparatively higher permeation enhancing properties.

Abstract: Low-copper click chemistry, 1.3-dipolar cycloadditions, and Staudinger ligations for modifying biomolecules is provided. Compositions, methods, and kits relating to low-copper click chemistry, 1.3-dipolar cycloadditions, and Staudinger ligations are also provided.

Abstract: There is described a method of isolating one or more of pectin, d-limonene, a flavour compound, a flavonoid, a soluble monosaccharide, a decomposition product of a monosaccharide and cellulose, from citrus material wherein said method comprises the microwave assisted hydrothermal low temperature treatment of citrus material.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide compositions for use in the treatment galectin-dependent diseases. In particular, compositions comprising a selectively depolymerized, branched galactoarabino-rhamnogalacturonate whose backbone is predominantly comprised of 1,4-linked galacturonic acid (GalA) moieties, with a lesser backbone composition of alternating 1,4-linked GalA and 1,2-linked rhamnose (Rha), which in-turn is linked to any number of side chains, including predominantly 1,4-b-D-galactose (Gal) and 1,5-a-L-arabinose (Ara) residues.

Abstract: The invention described herein relates to the composition of a liquid in which a silver ion moiety can act as a preservative as well as an astringent for the inhibition of microbial infections of the eye.

Abstract: The invention comprises the administration of an amount of honokiol (HNK) and Modified Citrus Pectin (MCP) or similar pectin or alginate in amounts synergistic to inhibit cancer. The inhibition can be of the formation of cancer, the progression of a cancer already formed, or the transformation of a primary cancer to a metastatic one. HNK and MCP appear to be synergistic across their effective ranges, and the synergy may be due in part to the binding of galectin-3 on the surface of tumor cells by MCP, which better presents the cell for the cytotoxic effects of HNK. Compositions of matter which combine the two agents, HNK and MCP, in synergistic amounts intended for daily administration are also contemplated. The administration of MCP and HNK may be combined with the administration of conventional anti-cancer therapeutics.

Abstract: A method, system and device to identify, study and/or mimic carbohydrate-protein interactions on cell surfaces and in solution measured by a glycan microarray. In some instances the method, system and device uses very small quantities of carbohydrate as low as attomol. In some instances the system, method and device is high-throughput. The small quantity sensitivity may allow for close placement of carbohydrate array members wherein due to close proximity multivalent interactions with proteins may be identified.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide compositions for use in the treatment galectin-dependent diseases. In particular, compositions comprising a selectively depolymerized, branched galactoarabino-rhamnogalacturonate whose backbone is predominantly comprised of 1,4-linked galacturonic acid (GalA) moieties, with a lesser backbone composition of alternating 1,4-linked GalA and 1,2-linked rhamnose (Rha), which in-turn is linked to any number of side chains, including predominantly 1,4-b-D-galactose (Gal) and 1,5-a-L-arabinose (Ara) residues.

Abstract: In various implementations, methods may be implemented to extract pectin from citrus peel. The methods may include using a mild organic acid, an enzyme, or a mild organic acid/enzyme combination, to extract at least a portion of the pectin from the citrus peel. The methods may further include using high temperature and a short extraction time. In some implementations, no additional water is added, other than the water necessary to originally prime the system. The methods may further involve pressing the citrus peel or fruit waste to reduce the moisture content before adding the acid, enzyme, or acid/enzyme combination. In some implementations, the extracted pectin may be provided as a concentrated liquid or may be combined with cellulose and/or hemi-cellulose to form a composite ingredient.

Abstract: The use of pectins and/or polymers to prevent nicotine oxidation in tobacco containing products is disclosed. These polymers may be naturally occurring anionic polymers or synthetic polymers. These pectins and/or polymers prevent nicotine from oxidizing into cotinine, nicotine-cis-N-oxide, nicotine-trans-N-oxide, and/or nicotine-1,1-di-N-oxide. Molluscicides, algaecides, pesticides, and stabilized nicotine compositions comprising nicotine and pectin, anionic polymers, or combinations thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for the in situ preparation of a filler, comprising the step of applying a polyanionic biopolymer solution at an application site below the dermis of a patient for restoring volume at said application site, wherein the polyanionic biopolymer is selected from pectin and gellan. Furthermore, the present invention pertains to a kit comprising (i) a polyanionic biopolymer solution; and (ii) a solution comprising at least one divalent cation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for production of a preparation from a vegetable material, said preparation being enriched in a polysaccharide with a backbone comprising rhamnogalacturonan-I cores, said method comprising the steps: mixing the vegetable material with a polar alcoholic solvent; and separating a solid residue obtained in step a) from the solvent; and mixing the solid residue obtained in step b) with a buffered aqueous solution having a pH between 7 and 8. Also provided is a preparation containing rhamnogalacturonan-I pectins that can be obtained by this method and the use of such a preparation to modulate immune response.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to methods and means for allocating, allotting, apportioning, dispensing, distributing, preparing, portioning, meting out and/or otherwise providing, controlling and/or regulating access to quantities of foods, beverages, and/or other substances. Various embodiments of the methods and means of the invention may be performed by and/or implemented in hardware, in software, by one or more entities, and/or by some combination of hardware, software and/or one or more entities.

Abstract: The invention concerns ophthalmic solutions indicated for use as tear substitutes, containing a combination of hyaluronic acid and a polysaccharide known as TSP (Tamarindus indica Seed Polisaccharide) which are able, when administered together in a combination, to act synergistically in stimulating the return to normality of the conjunctival mucosa affected by dry eye syndrome, thus inducing a remarkable improvement in the number and morphology of the conjunctival microvilli. The ophthalmic preparations, proposed for use in the treatment of dry eye syndrome contain, in combination, from 0.05 to 2% by weight of tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) and from 0.05 to 1% by weight of hyaluronic acid in aqueous solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical composition for treating Meniere's disease, comprising saccharides or sugar alcohols as an active ingredient and polysaccharides, wherein the ratio by weight of the saccharides or sugar alcohols to the polysaccharides is about 100:2 to 100:50. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may eliminate the cathartic effect caused by saccharides or sugar alcohols to ensure the endolymphatic hydrops decompression effect. Therefore the effect of the therapeutic composition of the present invention is improved. The pharmaceutical composition may provide in gel, powder, granule form or the like.

Abstract: A sustainable method and system for producing bio-fuels from citrus peels and the recovery of limonene and pectin prior to fermentation of the peel solids. In one embodiment a sustainable method and system for the concurrent recovery of limonene and pectin from citrus peels is disclosed. The peels are optionally zested, mixed with water and an acid, and then exploded in a jet cooker or a pressurized extruder. The exploded peels are transferred to a flash vessel where the remaining limonene and water vapor are separated into water and limonene. The pectin fraction is removed from the flash tank and extracted by centrifuge, precipitation and/or filtration. The remaining peel solids are fermented in an anaerobic digester which produces methane, ethanol, acids, CO2 or other end products which can be used as fuel for power generation equipment sufficient to supply the processing system for sustainable operations as described herein.

Abstract: Low molecular weight modified pectin, particularly modified citrus pectin (MCP), and/or low molecular weight modified alginate is useful in a composition for stimulating the immune response of a mammal, particularly a human. Modified pectin and/or modified alginate is administered in a composition in an amount sufficient to modulate, support, enhance or extend an immune response, particularly to an individual having an inadequate or reduced immune function. Stimulation of an immune response is evidenced by stimulation of cell-mediated immune function, humoral immune function, phagocytic function of mononuclear macrophages, and NK cell activity. The composition also may comprise well known pharmacologically acceptable agents, such as sulfured amino acids, cilantro, garlic, minerals, and herbs.

Abstract: A photocrosslinked polysaccharide pseudo-sponge exhibiting a low swelling property and a high degradation ability in vivo while retaining a suitable strength. The polysaccharide pseudo-sponge is produced by a crosslinking reaction of a photoreactive polysaccharide obtained by introducing a photoreactive group into a polysaccharide, and exhibits a low swelling property and a blue dextran-low dyeaffinity.

Abstract: Described herein is an edible coating for food products in which the coatings comprises a polysaccharide cross-linked with a cross-linking agent solution. Also described herein are methods for coating food products and forming clusters of food products. The use of the edible coating for extending the shelf-life of food products is also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions of modified pectin and methods for preparing and using them.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions of modified pectin and methods for preparing and using them.

Abstract: Embodiments of the processes provided herein allow for extraction of high quality pectins from pectin-containing plant materials using oxalic acid for extraction of the pectin containing material. Generally described, the process for extracting pectin having a high degree of polymerization includes preparing an aqueous suspension of a pectin-containing plant material; adding oxalic acid and/or a water-soluble oxalate to the aqueous suspension in an amount sufficient to provide a mixture having a pH of between 3.0 and 3.6 and a total molarity of oxalate greater than a total molarity of calcium(II); heating the mixture to a temperature from about 50 to about 80° C. for a time sufficient to extract pectin from the pectin-containing plant material; and separating the extracted pectin from the mixture.

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of the present disclosure provide for compositions including pectin compounds, pectin compounds, methods of making pectin compounds, methods of controlling the water solubility of a pectin compound, methods of controlling the water solubility of an agent, beads including pectin compounds, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of a hemostatic dressing in the form of a powder that is particularly applicable for stemming severe bleeding and for incorporation of the powder into dressings that can stabilize the site of tissue injury, and simultaneously act as an antimicrobial agent.

Abstract: We provide methods and compositions for the treatment of dysregulation of blood vessel growth by regulation of neovascularization. Embodiments accomplish this by restricting the diffusion and transport of therapeutic agents through conjugating them to polymers or polymer constructs while retaining the binding affinities and functions of the therapeutic agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the fields of biomass technology, and more precisely to applications of packaging, and coating products for food and cosmetics. The present invention relates to a method of modifying a polymeric polysaccharide matrix and to a method of coating a product to impart new properties to the product. The present invention further relates to a modified polymeric polysaccharide matrix, to a product being coated with a modified polymeric polysaccharide matrix and uses thereof.

Abstract: Because of the formation of disulfide bridges with mucus glycoproteins, the mucoadhesive properties of polymeric compounds can be significantly improved by the covalent attachment of thiol substructures to them. By the transformation of free thiol groups on such polymers in disulfides with mercaptonicotinamides or mercaptopyridoxins these thiol groups become comparatively more reactive resulting in significantly improved mucoadhesive properties. Furthermore, polymers exhibiting disulfide partialstructures with mercaptonicotinamides or mercaptopyridoxins do not need to be protected against oxidation. In addition, they show comparatively higher permeation enhancing properties.

Abstract: The invention described herein relates to the preparation of silver compounds prepared from pectin and pectin derivatives and the process for preparing them. The silver derivatives thus prepared are amenable for use in the preparation of medical and/or veterinary dressings or implants.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing fibrosis are provided, wherein an admixture of at least a galactose-pronged polymer and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is obtained and administered, wherein the administration of a sufficient amount of the admixture is measured by a quantitative change in a fibrosis tissue marker.

Abstract: Methods are provided for high temperature and short time extraction of pectins from pectin-containing plant materials. Generally described, the method includes mixing the pectin-containing plant material and an acidic aqueous medium to form a mixture; heating the mixture (optionally under pressure) to a target temperature by steam injection; maintaining the mixture under pressure at the target temperature for a time up to about 5 minutes; and flashing the mixture into a flash tank at a pressure from about 0.5 to about 1.2 bar to extract pectin from the pectin-containing plant material.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions of modified pectin and methods for preparing and using them.

Abstract: A process of extracting at least one target component from a plant material is provided. The process includes homogenizing a plant material in the presence of an extraction solvent to reduce the plant material to a plant liquid component and a plant pulp component. Each of the components may be further processed to extract specific components therefrom. Specifically, the plant liquid component can be processed to extract a plant-derived starch material, plant-derived proteins, plant-derived sugars, plant-derived sugars, and the like. The plant pulp material can be processed to extract pectin and cellulose. An associated system is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions of modified pectin and methods for preparing and using them.

Abstract: Bismuth-containing compounds include bismuth and a biologically active agent coordinated to the bismuth. The biologically active agent includes at least one heteroatom configured for coordination with the bismuth. Coordination polymers include a polymer matrix that contains a bismuth-containing compound. Methods for modulating a pharmacokinetic property of a biologically active agent include coordinating the biologically active agent to bismuth to form a bismuth-containing compound, and administering the bismuth-containing compound orally to a patient. Methods for treating Parkinson's disease, methods for treating hypothyroidism, methods for treating ulcerative colitis, and methods for treating cancer each include administering a bismuth-containing compound to a patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process by which a pectin extract is first de-esterified using a biocatalyst. Secondly, the resulting high molecular weight de-esterified pectin is further de-esterified and optionally amidated using conventional methods. Since the bio-catalyst may de-esterify to a DE of about 25%, conventional acid or alkali de-esterification and optionally amidation will have little impact on the molecular weight of the pectin in question because the number of ester groups have been substantially reduced in the first part of the process. In addition, the novel process leads to novel pectin compositions having higher molecular weight and higher intrinsic viscosity compared to known pectin compositions. These changes lead to low ester pectins providing gels of higher gel strength.