Abstract: A heterocyclic compound is represented by Formula 1. An organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising an emission layer; and at least one of the heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to silole and germole fused ring photochromic compounds represented, with some embodiments, by the following Formula (Ia), (Ia) With reference to Formula (Ia): M includes Si or Ge; Ring A and Ring B each independently include aryl or heteroaryl; and the photochromic compound is a thermally reversible photochromic compound. The present invention also relates to photochromic compositions and photochromic articles, such as photochromic ophthalmic articles that include one or more photochromic compounds represented, with some embodiments, by Formula (Ia).

Abstract: A sterol composition in pumpkin seed oil and an application thereof, and a drug for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia are provided, which relate to a technical field of medicine. The sterol composition in the pumpkin seed oil includes components by weight percentage of: 0.2-2 wt % cholesterol, 0.5-5 wt % campesterol, 1.5-5 wt % ?-sitosterol, 15-40 wt % stigmasterol, 20-40 wt % ergosta-7,22-dien-3?-ol, 5-10 wt % lanosterol, and 15-30 wt % cholest-7-en-3?,5?-diol. The sterol composition in the pumpkin seed oil is a pumpkin phytosterol composition extracted from the pumpkin seed oil. Through combining the phytosterol components and controlling a proportion among the components, effects of alleviating and treating prostate diseases are achieved, especially for the benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds that are useful in the treatment of pain in a subject.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of formula (I) or formula (II): (Formulas should be inserted here) wherein R1-R6 are as defined herein. Also disclosed are a pharmaceutical composition comprising such a compound and a method of treating or preventing cancer in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to the mammal a compound of formula (I) or formula (II).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of activating protein kinase C theta (PKC?) in an HIV or HTLV infected animal comprising administering to the animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I): Formula (I), or an epimer thereof; wherein Ar and R1-R6 are described herein. Examples of diseases or conditions associated with PKC? include HIV1 infection, AIDS, HTLV infection, and adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments concern polycyclic alkaloid compounds and methods for their use and synthesis. Particular embodiments concern polycyclic alkaloids having a fused, six-membered ring, while other embodiments concern polycyclic alkaloids having a fused, five-membered ring. Methods for making the polycyclic alkaloids are disclosed, as well as methods for their use as prophylactics or treatments for certain diseases. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the polycyclic alkaloids and their use.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having a superior serotonin 5-HT2C receptor activating action. The present invention relates to a compound represented by the formula (1) wherein ring A is an aromatic carbocycle optionally having substituent(s) or an aromatic heterocycle optionally having substituent(s), X is —N(R1)—, —O— or the like, when ring A is an aromatic carbocycle optionally having substituent(s), then R1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group optionally having substituent(s), or the like, and when ring A is an aromatic heterocycle optionally having substituent(s), then R1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group optionally having substituent(s), a cycloalkyl group optionally having substituent(s), or the like, is a single bond or a double bond, and n is an integer of 0, 1 or 2, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photochromic fused naphthopyrans having a benzene ring which is adjacent to the pyran oxygen and is linked to the para substituent via both meta positions, and to the use thereof in plastics of all types, in particular for ophthalmic purposes.

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing cephalotaxine esters corresponding to the following general formula I, which comprises the cephalotaxine backbone, and that can be written as C(R1)(R2)(XH)COO[CTX], wherein CTX represents the cephalotaxine backbone, being optionally substituted, the process consisting in bringing the corresponding cephalotaxine compound, or salts, isomers or tautomeric forms thereof, which is free or which is in the form of a metal alkoxide CTXOM, into contact with a heterocyclic side chain precursor having both a bifunctional protected (bidentate) and activated (acylating) form of an acid bearing a hydrogenated heteroatom, in the alpha (?) position with respect to the carboxyl group, and corresponding to the following general formula: in a customary aprotic solvent, preferably with a catalyst which may be a hindered tertiary amine, at a temperature of between ?80° C. and +100° C., preferably in the range 0 to 30° C.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of natural medicine and pharmaceutical chemistry, and relates to novel homoharringtonine acylated derivatives of formula (I) and formula (II) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a process for the preparation of these compounds, compositions containing such compounds and their use in preparing antineoplastic medicaments.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of natural medicine and pharmaceutical chemistry and specifically relates to novel aminated homoharringtonine derivatives of formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a process for the preparation of these compounds, compositions containing such compounds and their use in preparing antineoplastic medicaments.

Abstract: The invention provides 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptides of Formula I and the pharmaceutically salts and hydrates thereof. The variables R, R1, R6-R8, R16, R18, R19, M, n, T, Y, and Z are defined herein. Certain compounds of Formula I are useful as antiviral agents. The 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptides disclosed herein are potent and/or selective inhibitors of viral replication, particularly Hepatitis C virus replication. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptides and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. Such pharmaceutical compositions may contain a 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptides as the only active agent or may contain a combination of a 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptides and one or more other pharmaceutically active agents. The invention also provides methods for treating viral infections, including Hepatitis C infections.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds having affinity for the M2 proton channel, useful for the treatment of viral infections such as influenza, which are of the Formula (I): wherein R1, R2, and Y are as defined herein. Methods of preparing the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, and methods of using the compounds in the treatment of viral infections such as influenza are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel fluorescent dyes and kits containing the same, which are useful for labeling a wide variety of biomolecules, cells and microorganisms. The present invention also provides various methods of using the fluorescent dyes for research and development, forensic identification, environmental studies, diagnosis, prognosis and/or treatment of disease conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photochromic fused naphthopyrans having a benzene ring which is adjacent to the pyran oxygen and is linked to the para substituent via both meta positions, and to the use thereof in plastics of all types, in particular for ophthalmic purposes.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments concern polycyclic alkaloid compounds and methods for their use and synthesis. Particular embodiments concern polycyclic alkaloids having a fused, six-membered ring, while other embodiments concern polycyclic alkaloids having a fused, five-membered ring. Methods for making the polycyclic alkaloids are disclosed, as well as methods for their use as prophylactics or treatments for certain diseases. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the polycyclic alkaloids and their use.

Abstract: Provided herein are indole and benzofuran fused isoquinuclidene derivatives. Also provided herein are processes, preferably enantioselective processes, for preparing such derivatives including processes for preparing (?) and (+) noribogaine or a salt thereof, in substantially enantiomerically pure forms.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to tricyclic indole derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of disorders and conditions modulated by endothelial lipase, for example, cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract: It is to provide a novel optically active dibenzazepine derivative having a high utility value as an asymmetric phase-transfer catalyst. It is an optically active 6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[c,e]azepine derivative represented by the following formula (1?), (wherein R represents a divalent organic group for cross-linking the 1st position and the 11th position; R1 and R2 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, or organic group, or R1 and R2 together represent a divalent organic group; R3? and R4? are the same or different and represent a monovalent organic group, or R3? and R4? together form an organic group that forms a cyclic structure comprising an onium nitrogen atom; Ar represents a monovalent organic group; * represents optical activity, i.e., that one axially asymmetric isomer is present in excess of the other axially asymmetric isomer with respect to a bond axis that constitutes the biphenyl structure of the compound; and X? represents a counter anion).

Abstract: The present invention provides novel cephalotaxus esters, syntheses thereof, and intermediates thereto. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the present invention and methods of using said compounds or compositions in the treatment of proliferative diseases (e.g., benign neoplasm, cancer, inflammatory disease, autoimmune disease, diabetic retinopathy) and infectious disease. The invention further provides methods of using said compounds or compositions in the treatment of multidrug resistant cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed are englerins and derivatives (I) thereof useful in the treatment of a number of cancers, particularly renal cancer, as well as pharmaceutical compositions and method of treating a patient with the use of these derivatives. The englerins, for example Englerin A and Englerin B, can be isolated from the plant Phyllanthus engleri or produced by synthetic methods. An example of the englerin derivative is 2?-chloroenglerin A, which has the structure (II), wherein double bond ‘a’ is E, Z, or a mixture of E and Z.

Abstract: The present invention pertains generally to the field of therapeutic compounds. More specifically the present invention pertains to certain amido-thiophene compounds that, inter alia, inhibit 11?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11?-HSD1). The present invention also pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and the use of such compounds and compositions, both in vitro and in vivo, to inhibit 11?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1; to treat disorders that are ameliorated by the inhibition of 11?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1; to treat the metabolic syndrome, which includes disorders such as type 2 diabetes and obesity, and associated disorders including insulin resistance, hypertension, lipid disorders and cardiovascular disorders such as ischaemic (coronary) heart disease; to treat CNS disorders such as mild cognitive impairment and early dementia, including Alzheimer's disease; etc.

Abstract: Methods are provided for isolating alkaloids from biomaterial, preferably plant biomaterial, wherein the biomaterial is extracted with a vegetable oil, in the concomitant presence of an alkaline aqueous phase.

Abstract: A process for the production of extremely pure galanthamine and galanthamine derivatives is provided. Racemic bromine narwedine is debrominated under palladium catalysis. The reaction mixture is then worked-up in the presence of oxygen or peroxides so that the palladium catalyst is converted into an insoluble form that can be easily separated. Further reaction is carried out by reduction of enantiomerically pure narwedine to form enantiomerically pure galanthamine, which is then alkylated or dealkylated, so that a corresponding substitution on the ring-nitrogen atom is achieved. By further purification, such as recrystallization, residual portions of palladium of below 5 ppm are achieved. The pure galanthamine can then be directly used as a pharmaceutical raw material.

Abstract: Provided are a pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic composition and health foods for preventing and treating alopecia disorder, which include a norgalanthamine compound as an active ingredient. Since the norgalanthamine compound has an effect on growth and proliferation of dermal papilla cells that play an important role in hair growth, the norgalanthamine compound may be used for the pharmaceutical composition, the cosmetic composition and health foods, which are useful in preventing and treating alopecia disorder.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of treating patients for pain by administering noribogaine. Noribogaine may also be used to treat patients for the symptoms associated with withdrawal from drug dependency. In the latter case, the noribogaine treatment should be supplemented with the administration of an opioid antagonist such as naloxone.

Abstract: The compounds of the present invention are represented by the following 2,5-methano- and 2,5-ethano-tetrahydrobenzazepine derivatives having formula (I): where the carbon atom designated * is in the R or S configuration when n is 1 and the substituents X and R1-R7 are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention describes a series of therapeutically active compounds of formula I, X—Y—Z??(I) that are useful for treating a disorder in a mammal. In the formula I, X and Z, which may be same or different, are independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclylalkyl; and Y is a linker selected from —O—, —S—, —NH—, —(CH2)n—, —CO—, —CONRa—, —NRaCO—, —NRaCOO—, —COO—, —CONRaCO—, —CONRaCOO— and —COOCOO—.

Abstract: Novel MCH-1 receptor antagonists are disclosed. These compounds are used in the treatment of various disorders, including obesity, anxiety, depression, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and psychiatric disorders. Methods of making these compounds are also described in the present invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing cephalotaxine esters corresponding to the following general formula I which comprises the cephalotaxine backbone: C(R1)(R2)(XH)COO[CTX] wherein CTX represents the cephalotaxine backbone, being optionally substituted and/or dehydrogenated, in which formula I, X is a heteroatom, preferably an oxygen, a sulfur or a nitrogen, R1 and R2, taken separately, may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl or aralkyl groups, said groups being optionally interrupted by ester functions, or groups that can form one or more rings or a heterocycle together, consisting in bringing the corresponding cephalotaxine compound, or salts, isomers or tautomeric forms thereof, which is free or which is in the form of a metal alkoxide corresponding to the following general formula CTXOM, wherein CTX represents the cephalotaxine backbone, being optionally substituted and/or dehydrogenated, in which M is a hydrogen atom or a metal atom, into contact with a heterocyclic side chain precur

Abstract: The invention discloses a number of therapeutic compounds and a method of treating a disorder in mammal.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel bridged cyclic derivatives of the general formula (I), their analogs, tautomeric forms, stereoisomers, polymorphs, solvates, intermediates, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions, metabolites and prodrugs thereof. These compounds can inhibit HDACs and are useful as therapeutic or ameliorating agent for diseases that are involved in cellular growth such as malignant tumors, autoimmune diseases, skin diseases, infections, inflammation, neurode-generative disorders etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds defined by formula I wherein the groups R1 to R3, X, m, n and o are defined as in claim 1, possessing valuable pharmacological activity. Particularly the compounds are inhibitors of 11?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) 1 and thus are suitable for treatment and prevention of diseases which can be influenced by inhibition of this enzyme, such as metabolic diseases, in particular diabetes type 2, obesity and dyslipidemia.

Abstract: Sulfonyl derivatives of structural formula I are selective inhibitors of the 11?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1. The compounds are useful for the treatment of diabetes, such as noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), hyperglycemia, obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome or Syndrome X, and other symptoms associated with NIDDM.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel cephalotaxus esters, syntheses thereof, and intermediates thereto. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the present invention and methods of using said compounds or compositions in the treatment of proliferative diseases (e.g., benign neoplasm, cancer, inflammatory disease, autoimmune disease, diabetic retinopathy) and infectious disease. The invention further provides methods of using said compounds or compositions in the treatment of multidrug resistant cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds defined by formula (I) wherein the groups A, B, X, m, n and o are defined as in claim 1, possessing valuable pharmacological activity. Particularly the compounds are inhibitors of 11 ?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) 1 and thus are suitable for treatment and prevention of diseases which can be influenced by inhibition of this enzyme, such as metabolic diseases, in particular diabetes type 2, obesity and dyslipidemia.

Abstract: Novel MCH-1 receptor antagonists are disclosed. These compounds are used in the treatment of various disorders, including obesity, anxiety, depression, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and psychiatric disorders. Methods of making these compounds are also described in the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a new general process for asymmetric hemisynthesis of harringtonines and their analogs, that are alkaloids used in chemotherapy. This process comprises direct esterification of a natural cephalotaxine with an acylating compound constituted of a side chain precursor which backbone and functionalization are entirely preformed. The invention also concerns a natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic harringtonines including their tautomeric forms and their salts of the following formula: wherein n=2 (i.e. harringtonine) or n=3 (i.e. homoharringtonine), in which the total content of impurities, possibly including enantiomeric forms, is lower than 1%, and/or the content of the major impurity is lower than 0.9%, and/or the chromatographic assay exhibits a harringtonines content higher than 97.5%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of the formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ar is a group of formula and R1, R2, R13, A, K, M, L1, L2, X, Y1, Y2, Q, salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R13, A, K, L1, L2, W, X, Z1, Z2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2, M, Q, W, X, m, p and q are as defined herein. Such novel pyrimidine derivatives are useful in the treatment of abnormal cell growth, such as cancer, in mammals. The invention also relates to a method of using such compounds in the treatment of abnormal cell growth in mammals, especially humans, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.

Abstract: The present application relates to indole and indoline derivatives of formula (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V), or (VI) wherein a, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z are as defined in the specification. The present application also relates to compositions comprising such compounds, and methods of treating disease conditions using such compounds and compositions, and methods for identifying such compounds.

Abstract: A safe pharmaceutical composition for treatment of cancer contains Homoharringtonine (HHT). The new methods of process for producing HHT include culture plant tissue and semisynthesis.

Abstract: Provided are novel use of an extract of Lycoris chejuensis or a compound isolated therefrom for inhibition of ?-amyloid production and/or prevention, improvement and/or treatment of a neurodegenerative disease, more specifically a ?-amyloid production inhibitor, and/or a composition for prevention or treatment of a neurodegenerative disease containing one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of an extract of Lycoris chejuensis, and/or dihydrolycoricidine, 2-methoxypancracine, lycoricidine, and/or lycoricidinol, as an active ingredient; a method for inhibiting ?-amyloid production, and/or preventing and/or treating a neurodegenerative disease using the same; and, a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound useful as a type I 11?hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor. A compound represented by the formula: a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein R1 is optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkenyl or the like, One of R2 and R3 is a group of the formula: —C(?O)—Y—R4, wherein Y is —NR9— or the like, R4 is optionally substituted cycloalkyl or the like, R9 is hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl, W is optionally substituted alkylene, The other is a group of the formula: —V—R5, wherein V is a bond, —O— or the like, R6 is hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl, R5 is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl or the like, X is a bond, —S—, —SO— or the like, U is a bond or optionally substituted alkylene, R7 is hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl, Z is —S—, —O— or —NR8—, R8 is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl or the like.

Abstract: A process for the production of extremely pure galanthamine or extremely pure galanthamine derivatives, a start is made from racemic bromine narwedine, which is debrominated under palladium catalysis. In this case, the working-up of the reaction mixture, which is carried out in the presence of oxygen or peroxides so that the palladium catalyst in an insoluble form is converted into an easily separable form, is essential. The further reaction is carried out by reduction of enantiomer-pure narwedine to form enantiomer-pure galanthamine, whereby it is then alkylated or dealkylated so that a corresponding substitution on the ring-nitrogen atom is achieved. By further purification, such as recrystallization, residual portions of palladium of below 5 ppm are achieved, so that direct use as a pharmaceutical raw material is made possible.

Abstract: The use of substituted amides for modulating the activity of 11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11HSD1) and the use of these compounds as pharmaceutical compositions, are described. Also a novel class of substituted amides, their use in therapy, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, as well as their use in the manufacture of medicaments are described. The present compounds are modulators and more specifically inhibitors of the activity of 11HSD1 and may be useful in the treatment, prevention and/or prophylaxis of a range of medical disorders where a decreased intracellular concentration of active glucocorticoid is desirable.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to XIAP inhibitor compounds of the formula I.

Abstract: Sulfonyl derivatives of structural formula I are selective inhibitors of the 11?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1. The compounds are useful for the treatment of diabetes, such as noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), hyperglycemia, obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome or Syndrome X, and other symptoms associated with NIDDM.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing racemic narwedine (which can be can be kinetically resolved) to yield (?)-narwedine and which is the biogenic precursor of (?)-galanthamine) and the use thereof as a starting material for producing (?)-galanthamine. The invention further includes processes for preparing (?)-galanthamine and (?)-galanthamine hydrobromide, as well as related novel compounds.

Abstract: The subject matter of present invention relates to the process for isolation and purification of galanthamine and its derivatives produced by numerous plants.