Abstract: The manufacture of optically active bifunctional compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents protected hydroxymethyl, protected formyl or alkoxycarbonyl and R.sup.1 represents a group of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents lower alkyl or cycloalkyl or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the nitrogen atom represent a heterocyclic ring, by isomerizing compounds of the general formula ##STR3## wherein R, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the above significance and R.sup.3 can additionally signify hydrogen, is described.The compounds of formula I are potential intermediates in the manufacture of, interalia, natural vitamin E and natural vitamin K.sub.1.

Abstract: A plant metabolism regulating agent comprising as an active ingredient an alpha,beta or beta,gamma-un-saturated carboxylic acid or its derivative. It is useful for controlling the metabolism of a plant, facilitating the growth of a beneficial plant such as cereals by inhibiting the growth of undesirable plants or eradicating them, regulating the growth of a plant and dwarfing a plant.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel processes and intermediates for the preparation of 5-amino-4-hydroxyvaleric acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower alkyl or the radical of a natural amino acid, R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower alkyl, amino, hydroxy, mercapto, sulphinyl, sulphonyl or the radical of a natural amino acid, and R.sup.3 represents optionally substituted hydroxy or amino, by sigmatropic rearrangement of a suitable allyl ester, halolactonisation of the resulting .gamma.,.delta.-unsaturated acid or of a suitable derivative thereof, exchange of halogen for a nitrogen-containing nucleophile, opening of the lactone ring and freeing of the amino group. Compounds of the formula I are starting materials for the preparation of renin-inhibitors which have an anti-hypertensive action.

Abstract: Compounds are described of the formula ##STR1## where: R.sup.1 is --H or --CH.sub.3,n is 1, m is 2-4 and X is --CH.dbd.CH-- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --;Y is a saturated heterocyclic amino group,R.sup.2 is (i) substituted or unsubstituted phenylalkyl, thineylalkyl or naphthylalkyl or (ii) cinnamyl, and their salts and solvates.These compounds inhibit blood platelet aggregation, bronchoconstriction and vasoconstriction and may be formualted for use as antithrombotic or antiasthmatic agents.

Abstract: A process for the production of 2-benzyl fatty acids and esters thereof corresponding to the following formula ##STR1## comprising reacting 2-fatty alkyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolines with benzaldehydes corresponding to the formula R.sup.2 --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --CHO to form 2-(1-benzylidene)-fatty alkyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolines, catalytically hydrogenating the products of this reaction to the 2-(1-benzyl)-fatty alkyl-4,4-dimethyl oxazolines and converting the products thus formed by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis or solvolysis with an alcohol of the formula R.sup.5 OH into the 2-benzyl fatty acids or esters thereof. Amidosulfonic acid gives particularly high yields as catalyst for the reaction of the 2-fatty alkyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolines with the benzaldehydes.

Abstract: Novel .alpha.-aryl-.alpha.-(.omega.-aminoalkyl)-.alpha.-[hydroxy(aralkyl and cycloalkyl)]acetic acid derivatives and .alpha.-aryl-.alpha.-(.omega.-aminoalkyl)-.alpha.[alkanoyloxy(aralkyl and cycloalkyl)]acetic acid derivatives, such as N,N-dimethyl-2-(hydroxyphenylmethyl)-4-dimethylamino-2-phenylbutanamide, 2-(hydroxyphenylmethyl)-5-dimethylamino-2-phenylpentanenitrile, ethyl 2-(hydroxyphenylmethyl)-5-dimethylamino-2-phenylpentanoate, and N,N-dimethyl-2[(acetyloxy)phenylmethyl]-4-dimethylamino-2-phenylbutanamide , useful in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Abstract: p is an integer from one to three;NR is selected from the group consisting of pyrrolidino, piperidino, morpholino and dialkylamino containing a total of two to eight carbon atoms either straight chain or branched; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: Novel compounds and processes for making and using them. The compounds include ethyl 1-[3-(1-piperidinyl)propyl]-6-phenyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate, 1-[3-(1-piperidinyl)propyl]-6-phenyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxyamide, and N,N-dimethyl-1-[3-(1-piperidinyl)propyl]-6-phenyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxam ide.

Abstract: Prodrugs of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors which are useful as antihypercholesterolemic agents and are represented by the following general structural formula (I): ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: A composition comprising an aromatic copolyester-carbonate having flexural modulus, flexural yield and secondary transition temperature improvement over a corresponding aromatic polycarbonate effective amount of ester units of the structure ##STR1## or mixtures of the above two structures wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are alkyl of one to six carbon atoms, inclusive, cycloalkyl of four to seven carbon atoms, inclusive, phenyl, one to three alkyl substituted phenyl each alkyl having one to three carbon atoms, inclusive, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a ring of four to six carbon atoms, inclusive, or carbazole.

Abstract: A new class of anti-spasmodic thioester compounds having a heterocyclic ring containing the nitrogen atom of a secondary or tertiary amine or a bicycloheterocyclic ring system containing the nitrogen atom of a secondary or tertiary amine. These compounds have the general formula I ##STR1## wherein: n is an integer from 0 to 2;R.sub.1 is aryl or cycloalkyl;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or hydroxyl; andR.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and represent a straight-chain or branched alkyl group of 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl or 2-thienyl group or an aromatic group of the formula ##STR2## wherein X, Y and Z are the same or different and represent hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl, alkoxy with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen, nitro or hydroxy groups are useful as pharmaceutical, veterinary and cosmetic agents.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula: ##STR1## in which R=H, halogen, alkyl, alkyloxy, alkythio, NH.sub.2, alkylamino, dialkylamino or CF.sub.3, R.sub.3 =H or alkyl, either R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 =H and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 =H or alkyl, optionally substituted by alkenyl (2 to 4 C) or alternatively R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 form together a saturated heterocyclic ring containing 4 to 7 ring members and optionally containing another heteroatom such as O, S or N optionally substituted by alkyl, or R.sub.4 =H, R.sub.1 =H or alkyl and R.sub.2 and R.sub.5 together form an alkylene (3 to 4 C) radical and (i) either A=alkyl or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two substituents chosen from halogen, alkyl, alkyloxy, alkylthio, NH.sub.2, alkylamino, dialkylamino, NO.sub.2 or CF.sub.3 or alternatively A=pyridyl, benzyl or cycloalkyl (3 to 6C), Y=S, SO or SO.sub.2 or a radical: ##STR2## in which R.sub.6 =H or alkyl and R.sub.

Abstract: A new class of anti-spasmodic compounds having three branch chains is provided. These compounds have the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are saturated straight chain or branched alkyl groups contained from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and are separated or linked to one another to form an aliphatic ring system. k is an integer from 0 to 5, and the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1 plus R.sub.2 plus R.sub.3 plus k are equal to or less than 12. Furthermore, l is an integer from 1 to 3, m is an integer from 1 to 3, n is an integer from 1 to 3, and X may be nonexistent or may be O, S, NH or CH.sub.2 or salts thereof. However, when X is nonexistent the terminal group in both the m chain and the n chain is a methyl group.

Abstract: A process for producing a urethane compound which comprises reacting at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine and a urea compound with carbon monoxide and an organic hydroxyl compound in the presence of a catalyst system comprising:(a) at least one member selected from the group consisting of platinum group metals and compounds containing at least one platinum group element; and(b) at least one halogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of alkali or alkaline earth metal halides, onium halides, compounds capable of forming onium halides in the reaction, oxo acids of halogen atoms and their salts, complex compounds containing halogen ions, organic halides and halogen molecules,in the presence of molecular oxygen and/or an organic nitro compound as an oxidizing agent at a temperature of from about 80.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C. under a pressure of from about 1 Kg/cm.sup.2 to about 500 Kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: This invention relates to derivatives of 3-propionylsalicylic acid represented by the formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a group ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent a lower alkyl group or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, when taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form a heterocyclic ring with or without an intervening hetero atom, and n is an integer of 1 to 4), and X represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, R being the group ##STR3## when X is a hydrogen atom. This invention also relates to processes for preparing the same.

Abstract: Compounds are described of the formula ##STR1## in which --COR.sup.1 is a complex ester or thioester group,W is alkylene,X is cis or trans --CH.dbd.CH or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --,n is 1 or 2,Y is a saturated heterocyclic amino group having 5-8 ring members, andR.sup.2 is unsubstituted or substituted phenylalkyl, thienzlalkyl, naphthylalkyl or cinnamyl, and their salts and solvates.These compounds inhibit blood platelet aggregation and bronchoconstriction and may be formulated for use as antithrombotic and antiasthmatic agents.

Abstract: Amino and amido dialkyltin dicarboxylates and stannoxy carboxylates are prepared by first reacting an amine or amino alcohol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, followed by reaction of the resulting product with a dialkyltin oxide. The obtained compounds are useful as catalysts for promoting reaction of organic isocyanates with organic compounds having one or more active hydrogen-containing groups.

Abstract: Herbicidally effective aminoalkyl esters of 2-nitro-5-(o-chloro-p-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-benzoic acid, and acid addition salts and quaternary ammonium salts thereof, are suitable for the selective control of weeds in crops of useful plants, for example soya bean and rice crops.The aminoalkyl esters correspond to the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene bridge or the direct bond, and ##STR2## is an open amino group, and ##STR3## is a cyclic amino group.

Abstract: Prostanoid compounds are described having the formula: ##STR1## where A is a cyclopentane ring, which is substituted by oxo and/or hydroxy or etherified hydroxy and may be saturated or unsaturated; X is --CH.dbd.CH--or --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --; R is alkyl having a terminal --COOH or ester group; and Y is amino or substituted amino, particularly heterocyclic amino.The compounds have bronchodilator activity and/or inhibit blood platelet aggregation.The preparation and pharmaceutical formulation of the compounds is also described.

Abstract: Prostanoids are described of the formulae ##STR1## (and the salts thereof) in which: X is cis or trans --CH.dbd.CH-- or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --;R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-7 alkyl terminated by --COOR.sup.10 where R.sup.10 is H, C.sub.1-6 alkyl or aralkyl;Y is a saturated heterocyclic amino group; andR.sup.4 is aralkyl (in which the aryl portion is substituted by alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, alkanoylamino, aroylamino, phenalkyl, aminosulphonyl, alkanoylaminosulphonyl, phenylsulphonyl, nitro, tetrazolyl, substituted phenyl or thienyl).These compounds inhibit blood platelet aggregation and have bronchodilatory action, and may be formulated for use as anti-asthmatics and antithrombotic agents.

Abstract: Described are compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or loweralkyl; R.sub.1 is --OR.sub.2 or --NR.sub.2 R.sub.3 wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another denote hydrogen or loweralkyl; n is 0 or 1; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently of one another denote loweralkyl or together form a 5 or 6 membered cycloalkyl substituted by hydrogen or loweralkyl, and together with the nitrogen atom, form a ring; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and their use as anticonvulsant agents in a method of controlling convulsions or seizures.

Abstract: Amino and amido dialkyltin dicarboxylates and stannoxy carboxylates are prepared by first reacting an amine or amino alcohol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, followed by reaction of the resulting product with a dialkyltin oxide. The obtained compounds are useful as catalysts for promoting reaction of organic isocyanates with organic compounds having one or more active hydrogen-containing groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new cinnamoyl-cinnamic acid derivative selected from the group constituted by:(i) the m-cinnamoyl-cinnamic acid derivatives of formula ##STR1## in which: X.sub.o,X.sub.1,X.sub.2,X.sub.3,X.sub.4, which are identical or different, each represent an atom of hydrogen, a halogen, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, the group NRR' (where R and R' identical or different, each represent an atom of hydrogen or a lower alkyl group), the group NO.sub.2, CF.sub.3 or OH;R.sub.1 represents an atom of hydrogen or a lower alkyl group;R.sub.2 represents an atom of hydrogen or the methyl group;Y represents a group OH, OR.sub.3 (where R.sub.3 is a lower alkyl group), NRR' (where R and R' are defined as hereinabove) or the group O(CH.sub.2).sub.n NR.sub.4 R.sub.5 (where n is an integer of value 1 to 5--and preferably 2 or 3)--; and R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: Compounds are described of the formula ##STR1## in which --COR.sup.1 is a complex ester or thioester group,W is alkylene,X is cis or trans --CH.dbd.CH or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --,n is 1 or 2,Y is a saturated heterocyclic amino group having 5-8 ring members, andR.sup.2 is unsubstituted or substituted phenylalkyl, thienylalkyl, naphthylalkyl or cinnamyl,and their salts and solvates.These compounds inhibit blood platelet aggregation and bronchoconstruction and may be formulated for use as antithrombotic and antiasthmatic agents.

Abstract: Prostanoid compounds are described having the formula: ##STR1## where A is a cyclopentane ring, which is substituted by oxo and/or hydroxy or etherified hydroxy and may be saturated or unsaturated; X is --CH.dbd.CH-- or --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --; R is alkyl having a terminal --COOH or ester group; and Y is amino or substituted amino, particularly heterocyclic amino.The compounds have bronchodilator activity and/or inhibit blood platelet aggregation.The preparation and pharmaceutical formulation of the compounds is also described.

Abstract: Cycloalkanones, cycloalkanols and unsaturated analogs thereof, each of which has at the 3-position a 2-hydroxy-4-substituted phenyl group wherein the 4-position substituent is alkyl which can have an oxygen atom as part of the chain, or aralkyl which can have an oxygen atom as part of the alkyl chain, their use for pharmacological and medicinal purposes, intermediates therefor and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: Amino and amido dialkyltin dicarboxylates and stannoxy carboxylates are prepared by first reacting an amine or amino alcohol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, followed by reaction of the resulting product with a dialkyltin oxide. The obtained compounds are useful as catalysts for promoting reaction of organic isocyanates with organic compounds having one or more active hydrogen-containing groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel [(5,6,9a-substituted-3-oxo-1,2,9,9a-tetrahydro-3H-fluoren-7-yl)oxy]alkanoi c and cycloalkanoic acids and their analogs, esters, salts and derivatives. These compounds are synthesized by methods selected from a number of synthetic routes depending on the particular structure, choice of intermediate or preferred reaction sequence. The compounds are useful in the treatment and prevention of injury to the brain and spinal chord due to accidents, ischemic stroke and hydrocephalus; compositions for such uses are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel [(5,6,9a-substituted-3-oxo-1,2,9,9a-tetrahydro-3H-fluoren-7-yl)oxy]alkanoi c and cycloalkanoic acids, and their analogs, esters, salts and derivatives. These compounds are synthesized by methods selected from a number of synthetic routes depending on the particular structure, choice of intermediate or preferred reaction sequence. The compounds are useful in the treatment and prevention of injury to the brain and spinal chord due to accidents, ischemic stroke and hydrocephalus; compositions for such uses are also disclosed.

Abstract: Cyclohexanones and -hexenones ##STR1## R.sup.1 is hydrogen or--CO--O--C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1-m (--NR.sup.4 R.sup.5) (1c)R.sup.2 is a group 1c, R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 - to C.sub.10 -alkyl, phenyl or phenyl substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, nitro, cyano, chloro, carbamoyl, lower-alkyl-carbamoyl, sulfamoyl or lower-alkyl-sulfamoyl, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are lower alkyl or --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 is pyrrolidinyl, piperidyl or morpholyl, m is 1 or 2 and n is 2 to 6, are obtained by reacting 2 mols of an esterCH.sub.3 --CO--CH.sub.2 --CO--O--C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1-m (--NR.sup.4 R.sup.5).sub.m (2)with an aldehyde R.sup.3 --CHO (3). The compounds (1) easily saponify and decarboxylate without an added catalyst to form a cyclohexenones ##STR2## while setting free the alcoholHO--C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1-m (--NR.sup.4 R.sup.5).sub.m (5)which reacts without a catalyst with diketene to form the ester (2).