Abstract: A novel sequence of highly selective chemical reactions for conversion of 3-Aryl-2-propyn-1-ols into cis-1-Aryl-3-fluoro-1-propene and into D,L-(threo)-1-Aryl-2-acylamido-3-fluoro-1-propanols is disclosed. Preparation of D-(threo)-1-Aryl-2-acylamido-3-fluoro-1-propanol antibacterial agents including the D-(threo)-3-fluoro-3-deoxy derivatives of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol is also disclosed.

Abstract: Polyglycidyl compounds are prepared by reacting certain polyallyl compounds with a percarboxylic acid containing 3 or 4 C atoms, subsequently removing, by distillation, the carboxylic acid formed from the percarboxylic acid, then separating the remaining mixture by simultaneous extraction with a lipophilic and a hydrophilic phase, subsequently working up the laden lipophilic phase and the laden hydrophilic phase separately in a manner which is known per se, and obtaining the polyglycidyl compound as the residue from working up of the laden hydrophilic phase.

Abstract: Prostaglandin antagonists are disclosed which are 7- and 8-substituted-dizenzo[b,f]thiepins of the structural formula: ##STR1##

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a membrane solvent extraction and reaction system. More particularly it pertains to an improvement in the membrane solvent extraction system wherein a solute is extracted through a polymeric membrane from one solvent liquid phase to an extracting solvent liquid without direct contact between the liquid phases which are separated by the membrane and in which the extracting solvent has no greater solubility and usually substantially less solubility for the solute than the feed solvent. The impovement comprises converting the solute permeating across the membrane to a different chemical compound, whereby a high concentration gradient for the solute across the membrane is maintained to improve the separation of the solute from the feed solvent liquid phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crop culture and is particularly concerned with practices for conserving soil nitrogen and for supplying the soil nitrogen requirements for plant nutrition. These practices involve the employment, as active agent, of a novel butane compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein X is H or ##STR2## R is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl; R' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halo and n is an integer from 0 to 2.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of olefine oxides, comprising reacting, with an olefine, an organic solution of percarboxylic acid which is obtained by reacting the corresponding carboxylic acid with hydrogen peroxide. The organic solvent employed is a mixture of inert organic solvents which does not form an azeotrope with the olefine to be epoxidized or with the olefine oxide, and which contains a volatile solvent, the boiling point of which is lower than that of the olefine oxide, and a solvent of low volatility, the boiling point of which is higher than that of the olefine oxide.

Abstract: In a method for purifying a crude epoxidation product of a liquid conjugated diolefin polymer or a vegetable oil which comprises the steps of adding an aqueous washing agent to a crude epoxidation product which is obtained by the reaction of a liquid conjugated diolefin polymer or a vegetable oil with an organic peracid or an epoxidizing agent capable of generating an organic peracid in situ, stirring the mixture, leaving the mixture to stand to induce phase separation and thereafter withdrawing the organic layer, the improvement wherein 50 to 300 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the crude epoxidation product, of a 10-80% by weight aqueous solution of isopropanol is used as the washing agent.

Abstract: 1,5-Dimethyl-1,2;5,6-diepoxycyclooctane is prepared by epoxidizing 1,5-dimethylcycloocta-1,5-diene with aqueous peracetic or perpropionic acid at a temperature not exceeding 50.degree. C. and within a pH range from 1.5 to 5.5.The diepoxide according to the invention can be cured by means of curing agents for epoxide resins to give moulded materials having valuable mechanical properties. It is also suitable for use as a reactive, latent diluent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are .alpha.-[(alkylamino)methyl]-.beta.-aryloxy-benzeneethanols exhibiting antiarrhythmic activity and having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkoxy; X is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, or a phenyl group substituted by a halogen, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxy group; R.sub.1 is lower alkyl; and pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. Also disclosed is a process for the addition of an aryloxy group at the 3-position of a 3-phenyl-2-oxiranecarboxamide to produce an .alpha.-hydroxy-.beta.-aryloxy-benzenepropanamide, said process comprising contacting an alkali metal aryloxide with said 3-phenyl-2-oxiranecarboxamide in the presence of a crown ether. Such .alpha.-hydroxy-.beta.-aryloxy-benzenepropanamides may then be reduced to produce the compounds of the invention.

Abstract: A continuous process for the manufacture of carboxylic peracids by reacting the corresponding carboxylic acid with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalyst and in the presence of an inert organic liquid which is a solvent for the peracid and is capable of forming a heterogeneous azeotrope with water, removing the water present in the reaction mixture by distillation of the water/organic liquid azeotrope, and keeping sufficient water in the reaction mixture to allow the formation of an aqueous phase which is separate from an organic phase containing the organic liquid.

Abstract: Described are methods for augmenting or enhancing the aroma of perfumes and perfumed articles by adding thereto perfume aroma augmenting or enhancing quantities of novel C.sub.10 -branched olefin epoxide mixtures produced by dimerizing isoamylene, (2-methyl-2-butene) and then epoxidizing the resulting product; as well as perfume compositions, colognes and perfumed articles including solid or liquid anionic, cationic, nonionic or zwitterionic detergents, fabric softener compositions, hair preparations and deodorant compositions as well as bleaching compositions containing same.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein the serrated lines denote both endo and exo forms; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.5 or C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.5 or C.sub.6 cycloalkenyl, phenyl optionally substituted with C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkoxy or halo, or 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic aryl wherein the heteroatom is oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; R.sub.3 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl radical; R.sub.4 and X are optionally present, and when present R.sub.4 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl radical or hydrogen and X is an inorganic or organic anion which forms a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. Methods for preparing these compounds are also disclosed. The compounds of the present invention are useful as anticholinergic agents.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are .alpha.-[(alkylamino)-methyl]-.beta.-aryloxy-benzeneethanols exhibiting antiarrhythmic activity and having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkoxy; X is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, or a phenyl group substituted by a halogen, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxy group; R.sub.1 is lower alkyl; and pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. Also disclosed is a process for the addition of an aryloxy group at the 3-position of a 3-phenyl-2-oxiranecarboxamide to produce an .alpha.-hydroxy-.beta.-aryloxy-benzenepropanamide, said process comprising contacting an alkali metal aryloxide with said 3-phenyl-2-oxiranecarboxamide in the presence of a crown ether. Such .alpha.-hydroxy-.beta.-aryloxy-benzenepropanamides may then be reduced to produce the compounds of the invention.

Abstract: Methylvanillyl ketone is prepared from a "through process" involving oxidation of isoeugenol followed by subsequent acidic hydrolysis.

Abstract: A process for making mixed 2- and 3-C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl-2-cyclopenten-1-ones from a corresponding alkylcyclopentadiene by epoxidation to the oxiranes, hydrolysis to the diols, dehydration of the diols and rearrangement of the resulting mixed alkylcyclopentenones. The resulting product can be used to make methylcyclopentenolone, a synthetic maple flavor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a Wittig-type process for preparing 3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylates which comprises reacting 1,1,1-trichlorotrifluoroethane with hexamethylphosphorous triamide at a temperature in the range of about -80.degree. C. to 10.degree. C. in the presence of an inert aprotic solvent and a carbonaldehyde ester, and thereafter maintaining the reaction mixture at a temperature in the range of about 0.degree. C. to 30.degree. C. Also disclosed are the novel caronaldehyde ester (2-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-formylcyclopropanecarboxylate and a precursor compound, (2-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-(1,2-epoxy-2-methylpropyl)cyclopropanecarboxylate, and methods for producing them.